Manifestaciones mucocutáneas de la fiebre de chikungunya / Mucocutaneous manifestations of chikungunya fever

Las manifestaciones típicas de la Chikungunya son la fiebre y las artralgias en la mayoría de los casos, pero debemos recordar que presentan manifestaciones mucocutáneas, donde la más frecuente es el exantema, además pueden presentar manifestaciones mucocutáneas atípicas con un gran polimorfismo simulando varias dermatosis como los casos expuestos anteriormente. Este reporte cuenta con 5 casos clínicos del mes de enero y febrero del año 2023 en el departamento Central de Paraguay, durante la mayor epidemia de Chikungunya registrada en el país hasta el momento. Es importante conocerlas y correlacionar con los demás signos y síntomas de la enfermedad para un diagnóstico y tratamiento adecuados.

The typical manifestations of Chikungunya are fever and arthralgia in most cases, but we must remember that they present mucocutaneous manifestations, where the most frequent is rash, they can also present atypical mucocutaneous manifestations with great polymorphism simulating various dermatoses such as cases outlined above. This report has 5 clinical cases from the month of January and February 2023 in the Central area of Paraguay, during the largest recorded Chikungunya epidemic in the country so far. It is important to know them and correlate them with the other signs and symptoms of the disease for proper diagnosis and treatment.

Impacto en la atención médica en el Instituto de Medicina Tropical durante 4 meses de la Epidemia de Chikungunya

Introducción: La fiebre chikungunya (FCHIK) es una enfermedad emergente transmitida por mosquitos y causada por un alfavirus, el virus chikungunya (CHIKV). Aunque la mayoría de las personas se recuperan completamente en pocos días o semanas, algunos pacientes requieren hospitalización, pudiendo incluso desarrollar manifestaciones graves e incluso observarse un desenlace fatal. El objetivo del presente trabajo de investigación es describir las características de los pacientes atendidos en el Instituto de Medicina Tropical (IMT), en el marco de la actual Epidemia de Arbovirosis por Chikungunya. Materiales y Métodos: observacional, descriptivo, transversal con componente analítico, de pacientes de ambos sexos, atendidos en el IMT en sala de urgencia y en el área de hospitalización, con diagnóstico Confirmado o Sospechoso de FCHIK. Los datos fueron obtenidos de los sistemas informáticos del hospital (HIS). Resultados: Durante el periodo I (junio a octubre, 2022) fueron atendidos 19.645 pacientes (promedio de 3929 consultas mensuales) y durante el periodo II (noviembre 2022 a marzo 2023) 27.673 pacientes (promedio de 5.534,6 consultas mensuales); reflejando un incremento del 41% de consultas. El número de pacientes que requirieron hidratación y analgesia endovenosa fue incrementándose, con énfasis en los meses de enero, febrero y marzo (590, 781 y 608 casos, respectivamente). requiriendo consecuentemente el incremento de camas de hospitalización de 5 a 15 y de sillones de hidratación, de 10 a 15 sillones. Por otro lado, el número de pacientes que requirieron hospitalización se incrementó de 2 pacientes en el mes de noviembre a 54 pacientes en el mes de marzo. La letalidad fue significativamente superior en los >15 años, comparados con los ≤15 años: 12,5% (7/56) vs 2.9% (2/69), respectivamente (p<0.03. OR=4,8. (IC95%. 1 - 24.0). Conclusión: La epidemia de Chikungunya tuvo un importante impacto en la atención médica en el Instituto de Medicina Tropical, con un aumento significativo en la asistencia de pacientes febriles, traducida en alta tasa de pacientes atendidos en áreas de urgencias, y una pequeña proporción en área de internación. Este estudio subraya la importancia de una preparación adecuada y una respuesta rápida en el contexto de una epidemia para minimizar la repercusión en los servicios de atención médica hospitalaria.

Introduction: Chikungunya fever (CHIKF) is an emerging mosquito-borne disease caused by an alphavirus, chikungunya virus (CHIKV). Although most people fully recover in a few days or weeks, some patients require hospitalization and may even develop serious manifestations and even be fatal. The objective of this research work is to describe the characteristics of the patients treated at the Institute of Tropical Medicine (IMT), within the framework of the current Chikungunya Arbovirosis Epidemic. Materials and Methods: observational, descriptive, cross-sectional with an analytical component, of patients of both sexes, treated at the IMT in the emergency room and in the hospitalization area, with a confirmed or suspected diagnosis of FCHIK. Data were obtained from the hospital computer systems (HIS). Results: During period I (June to October 2022), 19,645 patients were attended (average of 3,929 monthly consultations) and during period II (November 2022 to March 2023) 27,673 patients (average of 5,534.6 monthly consultations); reflecting a 41% increase in inquiries. The number of patients who required intravenous hydration and analgesia increased, with emphasis on the months of January, February, and March (590, 781, and 608 cases, respectively). consequently requiring the increase of hospitalization beds from 5 to 15 and hydration chairs, from 10 to 15 chairs. On the other hand, the number of patients requiring hospitalization increased from 2 patients in November to 54 patients in March. Mortality was significantly higher in those >15 years, compared to those ≤15 years: 12.5% (7/56) vs 2.9% (2/69), respectively (p<0.03. OR=4.8. (IC95 %. 1 - 24.0) Conclusion: The Chikungunya epidemic had a significant impact on medical care at the Institute of Tropical Medicine, with a significant increase in the attendance of febrile patients, translated into a high rate of patients treated in emergency areas. and a small proportion in the hospitalization area. This study underscores the importance of adequate preparation and rapid response in the context of an epidemic to minimize the impact on hospital medical care services.

Características clínicas y laboratoriales de la infección por el virus Chikungunya en pacientes en edad pediátrica del Instituto de Medicina Tropical

Introducción: La fiebre chikungunya (FCHIK) es una enfermedad febril transmitida por mosquitos, que en el niño tiene manifestaciones clínicas diferentes, dependiendo del grupo de edad. Objetivo: el presente trabajo tiene el propósito de identificar las características clínicas y evolutivas de la FCHIK en pacientes ≤15 años, que acudieron al Instituto de Medicina Tropical (IMT). Materiales y método: estudio observacional, descriptivo retrospectivo, basado en revisión de historias clínicas de pacientes de 0 y 15 años, que consultaron al IMT, entre noviembre/2022 y marzo/ 2023, con diagnóstico de FCHIK. Resultados: de 2050 pacientes febriles que consultaron al IMT entre noviembre/2022 y marzo/2023, 301 fueron casos de FCHIK, 10,6% (32/301) requirió hospitalización, de estos el 62,5% (20/32) era ≤1 año. La presencia de vómitos (p<0.0001.OR= 5,5 IC95% 2.2-13.2), dolor abdominal (p<0.0001.OR=40.5,5 IC95% 4.5-364.3); erupción maculo-papular-ampollar p<0.008. OR=3.5, IC95% 1.3 - 9.1), fue significativamente más frecuente en los hospitalizados. El 37.5% (12/32) fue hospitalizado en UCI y 15,6% (5/32) requirió ARM, 18.7%(6/32) presentó miocarditis; 15.6%(5/32) encefalitis, y 3.1%(1/32) encefalitis y miocarditis. No se registraron óbitos. Conclusiones: La décima parte de los pacientes con FCHIK requirieron hospitalización, de estos más de la mitad fueron <1 año. Las manifestaciones clínicas más frecuentes fueron fiebre, exantema, vómitos, irritabilidad, artralgias, lesiones ampollares. La leucopenia fue significativamente más frecuente en ≤1 año. La edad <3 meses, así como vómitos, exantema vesículo-ampollar, presencia de choque, irritabilidad, convulsiones, dolor abdominal y dificultad respiratoria se asociaron significativamente al requerimiento de hospitalización. Las complicaciones más frecuentes fueron el choque, la miocarditis y la encefalitis.

Introduction: Chikungunya fever (CHKF) is a febrile disease transmitted by mosquitoes, which presentes different clinical manifestations in children, depending on their age group. Objective: to describe the clinical and outcome characteristics of CHKF in patients ≤15 years old, who presented to the Institute of Tropical Medicine (ITM). Materials and methods: this was a retrospective, descriptive and observational study, based on the review of medical records of patients between 0 and 15 years of age, who were evaluated at the ITM, between November/2022 and March/2023, who were diagnosed with CHKF. Results: of 2050 febrile patients who consulted at the ITM between November/2022 and March/2023, 301 were cases of CHKF, 10.6% (32/301) required hospitalization, of which 62.5% (20/32) were ≤ 1 year of age. The presence of vomiting (p<0.0001, OR= 5.5, 95% CI 2.2-13.2), abdominal pain (p<0.0001, OR=40.5.5, 95% CI 4.5-364.3); maculo-papular-bullous rash (p<0.008, OR=3.5, 95% CI 1.3 - 9.1), was significantly more frequent in hospitalized patients. 37.5% (12/32) were hospitalized in the ICU and 15.6% (5/32) required ARM, 18.7% (6/32) presented myocarditis; 15.6%(5/32) encephalitis, and 3.1%(1/32) had both encephalitis and myocarditis. No deaths were registered. Conclusions: One tenth of the patients with CHKF required hospitalization, of which more than half were <1 year of age. The most frequent clinical manifestations were fever, rash, vomiting, irritability, arthralgia, and bullous lesions. Leukopenia was significantly more frequent in those ≤1 year of age. Age <3 months, as well as vomiting, vesicular-bullous rash, shock, irritability, seizures, abdominal pain, and respiratory distress were significantly associated with the need for hospitalization. The most frequent complications were shock, myocarditis and encephalitis.

Fiebre de origen desconocido como forma de presentación de fiebre chikungunya en varón joven

La fiebre chikungunya es una enfermedad viral descrita por primera vez en 1952. Actualmente se informan brotes esporádicos de fiebre chikungunya a nivel país (abril 2022). Presentamos el caso de un varón joven con fiebre chikungunya en fase subaguda la cual se presentó al ingreso hospitalario como fiebre de origen desconocido.

Chikungunya fever is a viral disease first described in 1952. Sporadic outbreaks of chikungunya fever are currently reported nationwide (April 2022). We present the case of a young man with chikungunya fever in the subacute phase which presented at hospital admission as fever of unknown origin.

Perfil das notificações de dengue e febre chikungunya em Cabo Frio/Rj, 2014-2019 / Profile of dengue and chikungunya notifications in Cabo Frio/Rj, 2014-2019 / Perfil de las notificaciones de dengue y chikungunya en Cabo Frio/Rj, 2014-2019

Introdução: De acordo com a literatura científica, diagnósticos clínicos diferenciais de arboviroses representam uma dificuldade no que tange à dengue, na medida em que está no Brasil há muitos anos, o que acarreta em ser a arbovirose mais conhecida no país. As notificações de arboviroses se tornaram obrigatórias para inserção no SINAN, possibilitando a construção de perfis demográficos e o cálculo de incidências a partir de informações específicas para estas doenças. No que tange à dengue, a epidemia deste agravo ocorre no país desde 1986, evidenciando falhas na prevenção, relacionadas a aspectos socioeconômicos e ambientais. Objetivo: analisar perfis das notificações de dengue e febre de chikungunya dos casos notificados no município de Cabo Frio. Metodologia: Trata-se de estudo transversal e descritivo, com uso de dados secundários do SINAN referentes a casos de arboviroses no município de Cabo Frio/RJ. Foram observadas variáveis relacionadas ao sexo, escolaridade, raça/cor e critérios de confirmação, além do grau de completude. Resultados: Foram notificados 8.777 casos suspeitos de arboviroses, incluindo-se 1.367 notificações (15,57%) referentes à febre de chikungunya e 1.986 (22,63%), à dengue. Em relação ao desfecho, 1186 casos (51,45%) foram fechados como inconclusivos e 344 destes (14,92%) foram descartados como arboviroses. Dentre os inconclusivos, 943 (79,51%) eram referentes à notificação de dengue, idem para os 277 casos descartados (80,52%). Conclusão: Observou-se baixa taxa de completude nas fichas de notificação, explicada pelo baixo número de recursos humanos e pela insuficiente infraestrutura. Sugere-se a interação de diferentes profissionais e pesquisadores, facilitando a compreensão da complexa dinâmica das arboviroses em questão.

Introduction: According to the scientific literature, differential clinical diagnoses of arboviruses represent a difficulty with regard to dengue, as it has been present in Brazil for many years, which makes it the most well-known arbovirus in the country. Notifications of arboviruses became mandatory for inclusion in SINAN, enabling the construction of demographic profiles and the calculation of incidences based on specific information for these diseases. With regard to dengue, the epidemic of this disease has occurred in the country since 1986, showing failures in prevention, related to socioeconomic and environmental aspects. Objective: to analyze profiles of notifications of dengue and chikungunya fever of cases notified in the municipality of Cabo Frio. Methodology: This is a cross-sectional and descriptive study, using secondary data from SINAN regarding cases of arboviruses in the municipality of Cabo Frio/RJ. Variables related to sex, education, race/color and confirmation criteria were observed, in addition to the degree of completeness. Results: 8,777 suspected cases of arboviruses were reported, including 1,367 reports (15.57%) referring to chikungunya fever and 1,986 (22.63%) to dengue fever. Regarding the outcome, 1186 cases (51.45%) were closed as inconclusive and 344 of these (14.92%) were discarded as arboviruses. Among the inconclusive ones, 943 (79.51%) were related to dengue notification, the same for the 277 discarded cases (80.52%). Conclusion: A low completeness rate was observed in the notification forms, explained by the low number of human resources and insufficient infrastructure. It is suggested the interaction of different professionals and researchers, facilitating the understanding of the complex dynamics of the arboviruses in question.

Introducción: Según la literatura científica, los diagnósticos clínicos diferenciales de los arbovirus representan una dificultad con respecto al dengue, ya que está presente en Brasil desde hace muchos años, lo que lo convierte en el arbovirus más conocido en el país. Las notificaciones de arbovirus pasaron a ser obligatorias para su inclusión en el SINAN, lo que permitió la construcción de perfiles demográficos y el cálculo de incidencias a partir de información específica de estas enfermedades. Con respecto al dengue, la epidemia de esta enfermedad se presenta en el país desde 1986, mostrando fallas en la prevención, relacionadas con aspectos socioeconómicos y ambientales. Objetivo: analizar perfiles de notificaciones de dengue y fiebre chikungunya de los casos notificados en el municipio de Cabo Frio. Metodología: Se trata de un estudio transversal y descriptivo, utilizando datos secundarios del SINAN sobre casos de arbovirus en el municipio de Cabo Frio/RJ. Se observaron variables relacionadas con el sexo, escolaridad, raza/color y criterios de confirmación, además del grado de completitud. Resultados: se notificaron 8.777 casos sospechosos de arbovirus, de los cuales 1.367 (15,57%) se referían a fiebre chikungunya y 1.986 (22,63%) a dengue. En cuanto al resultado, 1186 casos (51,45%) se cerraron como no concluyentes y 344 de estos (14,92%) se descartaron como arbovirus. Entre los inconclusos, 943 (79,51%) estaban relacionados con la notificación de dengue, lo mismo para los 277 casos descartados (80,52%). Conclusión: Se observó un bajo índice de completitud en los formularios de notificación, explicado por el bajo número de recursos humanos y la infraestructura insuficiente. Se sugiere la interacción de diferentes profesionales e investigadores, facilitando la comprensión de la compleja dinámica de los arbovirus en cuestión.

Factors associated with death from dengue and chikungunya virus infection during an epidemic period in Northeast Brazil: A retrospective cohort study

ABSTRACT Background: We investigated the time to death and factors associated with deaths from dengue and chikungunya during the first epidemic after the introduction of the chikungunya virus in Northeastern Brazil. Methods: This retrospective cohort study was conducted in Pernambuco between 2015 and 2018. Logistic regression was used to identify independent risk factors. The probability of survival among individuals with different arbovirus infections was estimated and the survival curves were compared using log-rank tests. Results: The lethality coefficients for dengue and chikungunya viruses were 0.08% and 0.35%, respectively. The chance of death due to chikungunya infection increased progressively from the age of 40 years. At 40-49 years, the odds ratio was 13.83 (95%CI, 1.80-106.41). At 50-59 years and 60 years or older, the odds ratio was 27.63 (95%CI, 3.70-206.48); and 78.72 (95%CI, 10.93-566.90), respectively. The probability of death associated with dengue virus infection increased from the age of 50 years. Among patients aged 50-59 years and 60 years or older, the odds ratio was 4.30 (95%CI, 1.80-10.30) and 8.97 (95%CI, 4.00-20.0), respectively. Independent factors associated death were headache and age of 50 years or older for dengue; and headache, nausea, back pain, intense arthralgia, age 0-9 years or 40 years and older, and male sex for chikungunya. The ratio between mortality rates revealed that the time to death from dengue was 2.1 times faster than that from chikungunya (95%CI, 1.57-2.72). Conclusions: The time to death was shorter in patients with dengue than in those with chikungunya disease. This study reinforces the need for faster and more effective decision-making in public health services to enhance patient outcomes and minimize mortality.

Associação entre infecção pelo vírus Chikungunya e sintomas depressivos entre trabalhadores e trabalhadoras da saúde / Association between Chikungunya infection and depressive symptoms among healthcare workers

Resumo Objetivo: analisar a associação entre infecção prévia por Chikungunya e sintomas depressivos em trabalhadores da saúde. Métodos: estudo transversal com amostra probabilística de trabalhadores atuantes na atenção primária e na média complexidade de um município do estado da Bahia, Brasil. Utilizou-se o teste rápido DPP-ZDC-IgM/IgG para identificar infecção recente (IgM) ou prévia (IgG) pelo vírus Chikungunya. O Patient Health Questionnaire-PHQ-9 foi usado para avaliar sintomas depressivos. Regressão de Poisson com variância robusta foi usada para estimar razões de prevalência e intervalos de confiança 95%. Resultados: participaram da pesquisa 392 trabalhadores, sendo 83,2% do sexo feminino. A frequência de infecção pelo vírus Chikungunya foi de 8,9%. A prevalência de sintomas depressivos foi de 22,7%. Na análise ajustada, a infecção por Chikungunya associou-se positivamente aos sintomas depressivos (RP=2,00; IC95%:1,29;3,07). As análises estratificadas apontaram associação de maior magnitude no sexo masculino (RP=7,57;1,15;50,06), em comparação ao feminino (RP=1,68;1,03;2,74). Conclusão: os achados corroboram a hipótese de associação positiva entre Chikungunya e sintomas depressivos. Mecanismos fisiopatológicos decorrentes de ação viral, bem como fatores emocionais, comportamentais e psicossociais associados à doença podem explicar os achados. Reitera-se a importância do cuidado em saúde mental para os trabalhadores da saúde.

Abstract Objective: to analyze the association between previous Chikungunya infection and depressive symptoms among healthcare workers. Methods: a cross-sectional study with a probabilistic sample of healthcare workers in primary and medium-complexity care settings in a municipality in the state of Bahia, Brazil. We used the rapid test DPP-ZDC-IgM/IgG to identify recent (IgM) or previous (IgG) Chikungunya virus infection, and the Patient Health Questionnaire-PHQ-9 to assess depressive symptoms. We applied regression with robust variance to estimate prevalence ratios and 95% confidence intervals. Results: 392 workers participated, 83.2% female. The frequency of Chikungunya virus infection was 8.9%. The prevalence of depressive symptoms was 22.7%. In the adjusted analysis, Chikungunya infection was positively associated with depressive symptoms (PR=2.00; 95%CI: 1.29; 3.07). Stratified analyses indicated a stronger association among males (PR=7.57; 95%CI: 1.15; 50.06) compared with females (PR=1.68; 95%CI: 1.03; 2.74). Discussion: the findings support the hypothesis of a positive association between Chikungunya and depressive symptoms. Physiopathological mechanisms resulting from viral action, as well as emotional, behavioral, and psychosocial factors associated with the disease, may explain the findings. We reiterate the importance of providing mental health care to healthcare workers.

Plataforma TI de vigilancia entomológica del Aedes aegypti con colaboración colectiva, Web GIS y mHealth / IT platform for entomological surveillance of Aedes aegypti with crowdsourcing, Web GIS and mHealth / Plataforma de TI para vigilância entomològica de Aedes aegypti com colaboração coletiva, Web GIS e mHealth

RESUMEN El mosquito Aedes aegypti es una especie antropoflica que se ha adaptado a entornos urbanos y es el principal vector de enfermedades como el dengue, la fiebre de Zika, la enfermedad del Chikungunya y la fiebre amarilla, lo que representa una importante carga al sistema de salud, en especial en países tropicales donde es endèmico. Ejercer apropiadamente la vigilancia en salud pública es fundamental para la prevención de estas enfermedades mediante sistemas de información. El propósito de este trabajo es proporcionar una plataforma de tecnologias de la información (TI), integrando tecnologias abiertas Web GIS y mHealth para la vigilancia entomológica del vector a partir de colaboración abierta distribuida para la generación de mapas de infestación. Se realizó un piloto con un grupo focal de 23 estudiantes del curso de epidemiologia, que permitió registrar l20 elementos en 55 reportes en la Universidad de los Llanos para la generación automática de 21 mapas de calor de sintomas, zancudos y criaderos, y un mapa global de infestación. Este trabajo sugiere una perspectiva novedosa de interacción y participación colaborativa de la comunidad con las autoridades de salud soportado por las TI.

ABSTRACT The Aedes aegypti mosquito is an anthropophilic species that has adapted to urban environments and it is the main vector of diseases such as dengue, Zika fever; Chikungunya disease and yellow fever; which represents a significant burden on the health system, especially in tropical countries where it is endemic. Properly exercising public health surveillance is essential for the prevention of these diseases through information systems. The purpose of this work is to provide an information technology (IT) platform, integrating open technologies Web GIS and mHealth for the entomological surveillance ofthe vector; based on crowdsourcing for the generation of infestation maps. A pilot was carried out with a focus group of 23 students from the epidemiology course, which allowed the registration of l20 elements in 55 reports at the Universidad de los Llanos for the automatic generation of 2l heatmaps of symptoms, mosquitoes and breeding sites, and a global infestation map. This work suggests a novel perspective of interaction and collaborative participation of the community with health authorities supported by IT

RESUMO O mosquito Aedes aegypti è uma espècie antropofílica que se adaptou aos ambientes urbanos e è o principal vetor de doenças como dengue, febre Zika, doença Chikungunya e febre amarela, o que representa uma carga significativa para o sistema de saúde, especialmente em países tropicais onde é endêmica. O exercício adequado da vigilância em saúde pública è essencial para a prevenção dessas doenças por meio de sistemas de informação. O objetivo deste trabalho è fornecer uma plataforma de tecnologia da informação (TI), integrando tecnologias abertas Web GIS e mHealth para a vigilância entomológica do vetor com base em uma colaboração aberta distribuída para a geração de mapas de infestação. Um piloto foi realizado com um grupo focal de 23 estudantes do curso de epidemiologia, que permitiu o registro de l20 elementos em 55 relatórios na Universidad de los Llanos para a geração automática de 2l mapas de calor de sintomas, mosquitos e criadouros, e um mapa de infestação global. Este trabalho sugere uma nova perspectiva de interação e participação colaborativa da comunidade com autoridades de saúde apoiadas por TI.

Hansen’s disease Like Sensory Loss Following Chikungunya Infection: A Rare Manifestation

Chikungunya means “that which bends up,” indicating severe incapacitating arthritis or polyarthralgia. It is a viral infection caused by the chikungunya virus (CHIK V) belonging to the family Togaviridae and is transmitted by the mosquitoes Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus. It is a self-limiting condition with a high fever of up to 40°C (104°F), debilitating arthritis/polyarthralgia, and cutaneous involvement. CHIK V virus affects the joints causing tenosynovitis and enthesopathy presenting as arthralgia. Leprosy is also associated with the loss of sensation, arthritis/arthralgias including involvement of several joints and tenosynovitis specially during reactions. Apart from leprosy, numerous other conditions can present with loss of sensation, which must be ruled out while considering leprosy. We report two patients with chikungunya who presented with a loss of sensation like leprosy

Chikungunya, Zika and Dengue seroprevalence rates among pregnant women in a hospital of southeastern Brazil / Soroprevalência de chikungunya, zika e dengue em gestantes de um hospital do sudeste do Brasil / Seroprevalencia de chikungunya, zika y dengue en mujeres embarazadas en un hospital del sureste de Brasil

Background and objectives: For decades, dengue outbreaks have been affecting vast territories of the Americas. In 2010's decade, Chikungunya and Zika virus (CHIKV and ZIKV) emerged as new arboviruses in the region. While several seroprevalence rates have been reported for dengue virus (DENV) infection in Brazil, serological surveys for the latest are scarce. We aimed to evaluate the seroprevalence of CHIKV, ZIKV, and DENV infections in pregnant women at admission to a public maternity hospital of Nova Iguaçu, state of Rio de Janeiro. Methods: A simple questionnaire was applied, containing limited demographic, obstetric, and clinical data, alongside with blood collection. Different commercial test kits, based on enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), were used. Results: Among 349 pregnant women enrolled from July to December 2017, there was a 28.4% seroreactivity for CHIKV, 47.2% for ZIKV, and 88.8% for DENV. Conclusion: These findings reflect the high dengue endemicity scenario and suggest a significant reach of the recent outbreaks of ZIKV and CHIKV infections in the region.(AU)

Justificativas e objetivos: Há décadas, surtos de dengue afetam vastos territórios das Américas. Na década de 2010, os vírus Chikungunya e Zika (CHIKV e ZIKV) surgiram como arbovírus emergentes na região. Embora diversas taxas de soroprevalência tenham sido relatadas para a infecção pelo vírus da dengue (DENV) no Brasil, pesquisas sorológicas para chikungunya e zika são escassas. Objetivou-se avaliar a soroprevalência das infecções por CHIKV, ZIKV e DENV em gestantes admitidas em uma maternidade pública de Nova Iguaçu, estado do Rio de Janeiro. Métodos: Foi aplicado um questionário simples, contendo dados demográficos, obstétricos e clínicos limitados, sendo realizada coleta de sangue na mesma visita. Diferentes kits de teste comerciais, baseados em ensaio imunoenzimático (ELISA), foram utilizados. Resultados: De 349 gestantes recrutadas de julho a dezembro de 2017, houve sororreatividade de 28,4% para CHIKV, 47,2% para ZIKV e 88,8% para DENV. Conclusão: Esses achados refletem o cenário de alta endemicidade da dengue e sugerem um alcance significativo dos surtos recentes causados por ZIKV e CHIKV na região.(AU)

Justificación y objetivos: Durante décadas, los brotes de dengue han afectado a vastos territorios de las Américas. En la década de 2010, los virus Chikungunya y Zika (CHIKV y ZIKV) surgieron como arbovirus emergentes en la región. Aunque se han reportadas varias tasas de seroprevalencia para la infección por el virus del dengue (DENV) en Brasil, la investigación serológica para el chikungunya y el Zika es escasa. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo evaluar la seroprevalencia de infecciones por CHIKV, ZIKV y DENV en mujeres embarazadas ingresadas en una maternidad pública en Nova Iguaçu, estado de Rio de Janeiro. Métodos: Se aplicó un sencillo cuestionario, que contenía datos demográficos, obstétricos y clínicos limitados, y se extrajo sangre en la misma visita. Se utilizaron diferentes kits de prueba comerciales basados en el ensayo inmunoabsorbente ligado a enzimas (ELISA). Resultados: De 349 mujeres embarazadas reclutadas de julio a diciembre de 2017, hubo serorreactividad de 28,4% para CHIKV, 47,2% para ZIKV y 88,8% para DENV. Conclusión: Estos hallazgos reflejan el escenario de alta endemicidad para el dengue y sugieren una variedad significativa de brotes recientes causados por ZIKV y CHIKV en la región.(AU)

Conhecimento dos enfermeiros da atenção primária à saúde sobre arboviroses / Knowledge of primary health care nurses about arboviroses / Conocimientos de las enfermeras de atención primaria de salud sobre los arbovirus

Dengue, zika e chikungunya têm gerado preocupação para os gestores, profissionais de saúde e população devido à elevada morbidade, além de apresentar maior incidência nos países em desenvolvimento. Pretende-se analisar neste artigo o conhecimento autorreferido pelos enfermeiros e a atuação nas ações de controle das arboviroses na Atenção Primária à Saúde. Logo, este artigo consiste em uma pesquisa transversal, descritiva e de abordagem quantitativa, realizada com 23 enfermeiros de 23 unidades de saúde de São Carlos. Os dados foram coletados por meio de um questionário autorrespondido, utilizando um instrumento construído com base em documentos do Ministério da Saúde sobre dengue, zika e chikungunya analisados por meio da estatística descritiva. Foi destacado que 100% (23) dos enfermeiros relataram conhecimento sobre os sinais e sintomas da dengue; 52,2% (12) referiram que o paciente com chikungunya apresenta riscos de hemorragia na fase aguda; 17,4% relataram que a zika não oferece risco de alterações hemodinâmicas. Sendo assim, percebe-se que os enfermeiros possuem um conhecimento clínico adequado sobre dengue; porém, básico e superficial em relação à zika e à chikungunya, especialmente quando as doenças são pareadas.

Given their high morbidity and high incidence in developing countries, dengue, zika and chikungunya are cause concern for managers, health professionals, and the population. This study analyzes the self-reported knowledge by nurses and the actions undertaken to control arboviruses in Primary Health Care. A Cross-sectional, descriptive, and quantitative research was conducted with 23 nurses from 23 health units in São Carlos. Data were collected by means of a self-applied questionnaire, built based on Ministry of Health protocols on dengue, zika and chikungunya, analyzed using descriptive statistics. All nurses reported having knowledge about the signs and symptoms of dengue, 52.2% (12) reported that patients with chikungunya are at risk of hemorrhage in the acute phase, whereas 17.4% answered that Zika is not at risk of hemodynamic changes. The results revealed an adequate clinical knowledge on dengue, but rather basic and superficial regarding zika and chikungunya, especially when diseases are paired.

El dengue, el zika y el chikungunya han generado preocupación en los gestores, los profesionales de la salud y la población por su alta morbilidad, además de tener una mayor incidencia en los países en desarrollo. Se pretende analizar los conocimientos autoinformados por enfermeros y el desempeño de acciones de control de arbovirus en la Atención Primaria de Salud. Se trata de un estudio de enfoque transversal, descriptivo y cuantitativo, realizado con 23 enfermeros de 23 unidades de salud de São Carlos (Brasil). Los datos fueron recolectados de un cuestionario autocontestado, utilizando un instrumento construido con base en los Protocolos del Ministerio de Salud sobre dengue, zika y chikungunya, y analizados mediante estadística descriptiva. Se destaca que el 100% (23) de las enfermeras refirió tener conocimiento sobre los signos y síntomas del dengue; el 52,2% (12) dijo que el paciente con chikungunya tiene riesgo de hemorragia en la fase aguda; y el 17,4% informó que el zika no tiene riesgo de sufrir cambios hemodinámicos. Las enfermeras tienen un conocimiento clínico adecuado sobre el dengue; sin embargo, básico y superficial en relación con el zika y el chikungunya, especialmente cuando las enfermedades están emparejadas.

Ocular manifestations of Chikungunya fever in the chronic phase / Manifestações oculares na fase crônica da febre Chikungunya

ABSTRACT Purpose: To identify ocular manifestations in patients with Chikungunya fever in the chronic phase and describe their sociodemographic profile. Methods: Patients with serologic confirmation of Chikungunya infection were included in this transverse study. All subjects underwent a comprehensive ophthalmologic evaluation, including specific lacrimal function tests (tear break-up time test, Schirmer test, and lissamine green). Results: Overall, 64 eyes of 32 patients were evaluated. Most patients were women (71.9%), with the mean age of 50.0 ±13.7 years. The mean interval between serologic confirmation and the examination was 12.7 ±7.7 months. Twenty patients (62%) presented with dry eye. No statistically significant association was observed between dry eye and infection diagnosis time (p=0.5546), age (p=0.9120), sex (p=1.00), race (p=0.2269), arthralgia in acute infection (p=0.7930), retro-orbital pain (p=0.3066), and conjunctivitis (p=1.00). Conclusion: Dry eye was the most prevalent manifestation observed. No signs of intraocular inflammation and affected visual acuity were observed.

RESUMO Objetivo: Identificar manifestações oculares em pacientes na fase crônica da febre Chikungunya e descrever seu perfil sociodemográfico. Métodos: Estudo transversal com a inclusão de pacientes com confirmação sorológica de febre Chikungunya. Todos os pacientes foram submetidos a exame oftalmológico completo, incluindo testes específicos de função lacrimal (teste de ruptura do filme lacrimal, teste de Schirmer e teste da lissamina verde). Resultados: Foram avaliados 64 olhos de 32 pacientes. A maioria dos pacientes eram do sexo feminino (71,9%) e a idade média foi 50,0 ±13,7 anos. O intervalo médio entre a confirmação sorológica e o exame oftalmológico foi de 12,7 ±7,7 meses. Vinte pacientes (62%) apresentaram olho seco. Não houve significância estatística na associação entre olho seco e o tempo de diagnóstico da infecção (p=0,5546), idade (p=0,9120), sexo (p=1,00), raça (p=0,2269), artralgia durante a infecção aguda (p=0,7930), dor retro-orbitária (p=0,3066) e conjuntivite (p=1,00). Conclusão: A presença de olho seco foi a manifestação mais prevalente observada. Não foram observa dos sinais de inflamação intraocular ou baixa acuidade visual.

Intervenções da Terapia Ocupacional com pacientes pós-Febre Chikungunya: Um Relato de Experiência / Intervenciones de Terapia Ocupacional con pacientes después del Fiebre Chikungunya: un informe de experiencia / Occupational Therapy interventions with post Chikungunya Fever patients: an experience report

Introdução: Indivíduos acometidos pela Febre Chikungunya, a depender do grau de gravidade do quadro clínico, por muitas vezes, deixam de realizar algumas de suas atividades cotidianas devido a intensidade de dores. Deste modo, as perdas funcionais resultam em mudança nos papéis ocupacionais exercidos. Objetivos: Relatar a experiência da assistência terapêutica ocupacional com pacientes pós-Febre Chikungunya, e descrever as intervenções e estratégias utilizadas. Método: Estudo descritivo, do tipo relato de experiência a partir de vivências em projeto de extensão com 10 pacientes pós-Febre Chikungunya, realizado na clínica escola de Fisioterapia com colaboração do Departamento de Terapia Ocupacional da Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, durante o período de abril a dezembro de 2018. Resultados: Participaram do estudo 8 pacientes do sexo feminino e 2 do sexo masculino, com idade entre 48 e 74 anos. A Terapia Ocupacional colaborou com o projeto a partir de ações, como: avaliação terapêutica ocupacional, discussão em equipe, realização de grupo de autocuidado e de um grupo dialógico de discentes da Fisioterapia e Terapia Ocupacional, e um atendimento individualizado. Conclusão: As ações mostraram-se importantes para a construção do conhecimento sobre a doença e melhor enfrentamento da mesma a partir do foco da Terapia Ocupacional. Considerou-se que as intervenções terapêuticas ocupacionais podem ser individuais e/ou em grupo, utilizando-se como base os princípios de reumatologia sobre proteção articular e conservação de energia como importantes referenciais para o subsídio de ações terapêuticas.

Introducción: las personas afectadas por la fiebre chikungunya, según el grado de gravedad del cuadro clínico, a menudo no pueden realizar algunas de sus actividades diarias debido a la intensidad del dolor. De esta manera, las pérdidas funcionales resultan en cambios en los roles ocupacionales ejercidos. Objetivos: Informar la experiencia de asistencia de terapia ocupacional con pacientes después de la fiebre Chikungunya, y describir las intervenciones y estrategias utilizadas. Método: Estudio descriptivo, un informe de experiencia basado en experiencias en un proyecto de extensión con 10 pacientes después de la Fiebre Chikungunya, realizado en la clínica de la escuela de fisioterapia con la colaboración del Departamento de Terapia Ocupacional de la Universidad Federal de Pernambuco, durante el período de abril hasta diciembre de 2018. Resultados: el estudio incluyó a 8 pacientes de sexo femenino y 2 pacientes de sexo masculino, con edades comprendidas entre 48 y 74 años. La terapia ocupacional colaboró con el proyecto en base a acciones tales como: evaluación terapéutica ocupacional, discusión en equipo, grupo de autocuidado y grupo dialógico de estudiantes de fisioterapia y terapia ocupacional, y atención individualizada. Conclusión: Las acciones demostraron ser importantes para la construcción de conocimiento sobre la enfermedad y para enfrentarla mejor desde el enfoque de la Terapia Ocupacional. Se consideró que las intervenciones terapéuticas ocupacionales pueden ser individuales y/o grupales, basadas en los principios de la reumatología en la protección de las articulaciones y la conservación de la energía como referencias importantes para subsidiar acciones terapéuticas.

Introduction: Individuals affected by Chikungunya Fever, depending on the severity of the clinical picture, often fail to perform some of their daily activities due to pain intensity. Thus, functional losses result in changes in occupational roles. Objectives: To report the experience of occupational therapeutic care with patients after Chikungunya Fever, and describe the interventions and strategies used. Methods: This is a descriptive, experience-based study from experiences in an extension project with 10 patients after Chikungunya Fever, conducted at the Physical Therapy School Clinic in collaboration with the Occupational Therapy Department of the Federal University of Pernambuco, from April to December from 2018. Results: Eight female and two male patients aged 48 to 74 years participated in the study. Occupational Therapy collaborated with the project through actions such as: occupational therapeutic evaluation, team discussion, self-care group and a dialogical group of students of Physical Therapy and Occupational Therapy, as well as individualized monitoring by one of the project participants. Conclusion: The actions proved to be important for the construction of knowledge about the disease and better coping with it from the focus of Occupational Therapy. It was considered that occupational therapeutic interventions can be individual and/or group, based on the principles of rheumatology on joint protection and energy conservation as important references for subsidizing therapeutic actions.

Sociodemographic and sanitary profile of chikungunya virus infection in medium-sized municipality in Mato Grosso, from January to March 2018, Brasil / Perfil sociodemográfico y sanitario de la infección por el virus de la chikungunya en un municipio de tamaño medio de Mato Grosso, de enero a marzo de 2018, Brasil

Abstract Introduction: The chikungunya virus has already been identified in more than 60 countries in Asia, Africa, Europe and the Americas, and chronicity after the disease impacts the lives of those affected by the virus, as well as society, the economy and public health. The objective was to characterize, through epidemiological survey, the profile of chikungunya infection in a mid-sized municipality in Mato Grosso according to sociodemographic and sanitary factors. Methods: The serum-epidemiological survey was conducted with 596 adults aged ≥ 18 years selected by cluster sampling process, with application of questionnaires and biological material collection. Positive cases of chikungunya fever were those with positive results in the anti-chikungunya virus enzyme immunoassay (ELISA). The statistical analyses used descriptive and inferential techniques with confidence intervals of 95% and a significance level of 5%. Results: The overall prevalence of chikungunya fever found in the community was 8.4%. The profile of infection by chikungunya fever is composed of women (p<0.204), aged between 18 and 39 years (p<0.780), more than 08 years of study (p<0.079), non-white reported race/color p<0.871) and employed in the past 12 months (p<0.927). Not residing with affective companion was statistically significant for infection by chikungunya virus (CHIKV) (p<0.028). Conclusion: The study found that women are the most affected by the infection, as well as being single represented a risk factor, and risk behaviors, such as presence of larvae and breeding of mosquitos at home, reflect a low level of awareness of the disease.

Resumen Introducción: el virus chikunugnya ya se ha identificado en más de 60 países de Asia, África, Europa y América, y la cronicidad después de la enfermedad afecta la vida de los afectados por el virus, así como la sociedad, la economía y la salud pública. El objetivo fue caracterizar, mediante encuestas epidemiológicas, el perfil de la infección por chikungunya en un municipio de tamaño medio en Mato Grosso de acuerdo con factores sociodemográficos y sanitarios. Métodos: La encuesta epidemiológica en suero se realizó con 596 adultos de ≥ 18 años seleccionados mediante un proceso de muestreo por conglomerados, con aplicación de cuestionarios y recolección de material biológico. Los casos positivos de fiebre chikungunya fueron aquellos con resultados positivos en el inmunoensayo enzimático del virus anti-chikungunya (ELISA). Los análisis estadísticos utilizaron técnicas descriptivas e inferenciales con intervalos de confianza del 95% y un nivel de significación del 5%. Resultados: La prevalencia general de fiebre chikungunya encontrada en la comunidad fue de 8.4%. El perfil de infección por fiebre chikungunya está compuesto por mujeres (p <0.204), con edades comprendidas entre 18 y 39 años (p <0.780), más de 08 años de estudio (p <0.079), raza/color no blanco (p <0.871) y empleado en los últimos 12 meses (p <0.927). No residir con compañero afectivo fue estadísticamente significativo para la infección por el virus chikungunya (CHIKV) (p <0.028). Conclusión: El estudio encontró que las mujeres son las más afectadas por la infección, además de ser solteras representaban un factor de riesgo, y los comportamientos de riesgo, como la presencia de larvas y la cría de mosquitos en el hogar, reflejan un bajo nivel de conciencia de la enfermedad.

Prevalence, affected joints and intensity of the arthralgias in individuals in the chronic phase of Chikungunya fever / Prevalência, articulações acometidas e intensidade das artralgias em indivíduos na fase crônica da febre Chikungunya

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Chronic arthralgias caused in patients affected by Chikungunya fever bring repercussions that negatively impact the lives of these individuals. The primary objective of this study was to observe the prevalence, affected joints and intensity of the arthralgias in individuals in the chronic phase of Chikungunya fever. The secondary objective was to identify the factors associated with the presence of the arthralgias in these individuals. METHODS: Cross-sectional study that evaluated 80 volunteers, of both genders, with age range between 20-80 years, with clinical and/or laboratory diagnosis of Chikungunya fever. The arthralgias were assessed using the Nordic Questionnaire of Musculoskeletal Symptoms and pain intensity using the visual analog scale. RESULTS: 91% (n=73) of the sample reported recurrent arthralgias, at approximately 34.7±2.20 months, with a greater predominance in the morning (50.7%). The joints that showed the highest prevalence of pain were knees (68.8%), followed by the ankles (66.3%) and wrists (63.8%). Knees (4.81±0.40), ankles (4.66±0.42) and metacarpophalangeal (4.33±0.43) were the joints with greatest pain intensity. In addition to that, overweight was associated with the presence of arthralgias (p=0.002). CONCLUSION: A high prevalence of arthralgias was observed, of a recurrent character and a greater predominance in the morning. The joints most affected by pain were knees, ankles and the wrists and arthralgias were more intense in the knees, ankles and metacarpophalangeal joints. Overweight was a factor associated with the presence of arthralgias in individuals affected by Chikungunya fever.

RESUMO JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: As artralgias crônicas observadas em pacientes acometidos pela febre Chikungunya trazem repercussões que impactam negativamente a vida desses indivíduos. O objetivo primário deste estudo foi avaliar a prevalência, as articulações acometidas e a intensidade das artralgias em indivíduos na fase crônica da febre Chikungunya. O objetivo secundário foi identificar fatores associados à presença das artralgias nesses indivíduos. MÉTODOS: Estudo de corte transversal, que avaliou 80 voluntários, de ambos os sexos, com faixa etária entre 20-80 anos e diagnóstico clínico e/ou laboratorial de febre Chikungunya. A avaliação das artralgias foi realizada por meio do Nordic Questionnaire of Musculoskeletal Symptoms e a intensidade das dores pela escala analógica visual. RESULTADOS: 91% (n=73) da amostra relataram artralgias persistentes, a cerca de 34,7±2,20 meses, com maior predomínio pela manhã (50,7%). As articulações que apresentaram maior prevalência das dores foram joelhos (68,8%), tornozelos (66,3%) e os punhos (63,8%). Joelhos (4,81±0,40), tornozelos (4,66±0,42) e as metacarpofalangeanas (4,33±0,43) foram as articulações com maior intensidade das dores e o sobrepeso foi um fator associado à presença das artralgias (p=0,002). CONCLUSÃO: Foi observada uma elevada prevalência das artralgias, de caráter recorrente e maior predomínio pela manhã. As articulações mais acometidas pelas dores foram joelhos, tornozelos e os punhos e as artralgias foram mais intensas nos joelhos, tornozelos e metacarpofalangeanas. O sobrepeso foi um fator associado à presença das artralgias nos indivíduos acometidos pela febre Chikungunya.

Long-Term Persistence of Serum-Specific Anti-Chikungunya IgM Antibody - A Case Series of Brazilian Patients

Abstract The persistence of serum-specific anti-chikungunya IgM antibodies (CHIKV-IgM) can vary after chikungunya fever (CHIK) infection. However, the factors related to its production are not yet known. We described a case series drawn up from data collected from 57 patients between 12 and 36 months after the acute phase of CHIK infection in Northeastern Brazil. CHIKV-IgM was detectable in 7/57 (12.3%) patients after 28.3 months of infection. No frequency differences in chronic musculoskeletal manifestations and underlying conditions were detected between patients with or without CHIKV-IgM. CHIKV-IgM was detected for up to 35 months in Brazilian patients after CHIK infection.

Clinical outcomes of hospitalized patients with chikungunya fever: A retrospective analysis

Objective: To describe the prognostic and clinical profile of hospitalized patients with chikungunya virus (CHIKV) infection focusing on renal outcomes. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study including all patients with confirmed chikungunya fever (CHIKF) admitted to 3 different high-complexity hospitals in Fortaleza, Brazil between January 2016 and June 2017. Data analysis was carried out to evaluate correlation between clinical profile and outcomes. Results: Fifty-five patients were included, with a median age of 77 (IQR=21) years, and 23 (41.82%) were male. Twenty-five patients (45.45%, 25/55) developed acute kidney injury (AKI), and 15 (60.00%, 15/25) were classified as KDIGO 1, 1 (4.00%) as KDIGO 2, and 9 (36.00%) as KDIGO 3. The overall mortality was 34.54% whilst AKI-related mortality was 64.00% (16/25). Both AKI and encephalitis were associated with higher mortality. Patients who died were significantly older [82 (IQR=12) years vs. 70 (IQR= 28.75) years, P<0.001)]. In the multivariate analysis, abdominal pain was associated with an increased risk of severe AKI (OR=5.33, 95% CI=1.11-25.64, P=0.037) and AKI was an independent risk factor of death (OR=12.06, 95% CI=2.55-57.15, P=0.002). Recovery of renal function was similar among the different age groups. Conclusions: AKI is present in half of the study population and is an independent risk factor of death. Thus, renal function should be carefully monitored in hospitalized patients with CHIKV infection.

Caracterização de pacientes com sequelas após infecção pelo vírus chikungunya de acordo com a CIF / Characterization of patients with sequelae after chikungunya virus infection according to the ICF

Objetivo: caracterizar segundo a Classificação Internacional de Funcionalidade, Incapacidade e Saúde (CIF), as sequelas apresentadas por pacientes após infecção pelo vírus chikungunya (CHIKV). Metodologia: estudo transversal e descritivo, realizado com 34 participantes, com diagnóstico sorológico e/ou clínico de infecção pelo CHIKV. As variáveis foram coletadas por meio da Escala Visual Analógica (EVA), Short Form Health Survey 36 (SF-36) e Medical Research Council (MRC), e relacionadas com os domínios da CIF para então classificá-las. Os dados foram tabulados em planilha Microsoft Excel 2013 com estatística descritiva calculada pelo programa GraphPad Prism 6. Os resultados foram apresentados como média e desvio padrão ou mediana e intervalo interquartil. Resultados: os resultados obtidos com a EVA foram caracterizados como moderada a grave deficiência, no SF-36 os domínios variaram de moderada a completa deficiência e no MRC todos os movimentos analisados corresponderam a ligeira deficiência. Conclusão: foi possível caracterizar alterações osteomioarticulares e a funcionalidade dos pacientes infectados pelo CHIKV e classificá-los dentro do contexto da CIF, garantindo uma padronização para a descrição dos componentes relacionados à saúde desses pacientes.

Objective: This study aimed to characterize the sequelae presented by patients after chikungunya virus (CHIKV) infection, using the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF). Methodology: Was made a descriptive cross-sectional study with 34 subjects with a serological and / or clinical diagnosis of CHIKV infection. The data were collected using the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), Short Form Health Survey 36 (SF-36) and Medical Research Council (MRC), and were related and classified by the ICF domains. Data were arranged in Microsoft Excel 2013 and descriptive statistics was performed. Results were presented as mean and standard deviation or median and interquartile range. Results: VAS values were characterized from moderate to severe deficiency, SF-36 results showed the domains ranged from moderate to complete deficiency and in MRC data all movements analyzed were mild deficient. Conclusion: It was possible to characterize osteomioarticular changes and the functionality of CHIKV infected patients and to classify them within the context of the ICF, ensuring standardization for the description of health-related components of these patients.

Importancia de las características clínicas y de laboratorio en el diagnóstico de las infecciones concomitantes por dengue y chikungunya: reporte de un caso probable / Importance of clinical and laboratory characteristics in the diagnosis of dengue and chikungunya co-infection: Probable case report

Se presenta el caso de una mujer de 38 años que consultó inicialmente por fiebre indiferenciada. A pesar de que el cuadro clínico evolucionó con manifestaciones clínicas de dengue con signos de alarma y de que la detección de IgM antidengue en una sola muestra indicaba que se trataba de un caso probable que había podido ocurrir durante los tres meses anteriores, la paciente consultó de forma reiterada, pues no presentaba una mejoría significativa. En el décimo día del inicio de los síntomas, se observó edema simétrico en múltiples articulaciones acompañado de dolor, así como lesiones hiperpigmentadas en el surco nasogeniano. Se confirmó el diagnóstico de chikungunya por la presencia de anticuerpos IgM. Aunque puede pasar desapercibida, en los países endémicos para dengue y chikungunya existe la posibilidad de la infección concomitante, la cual puede agravar la evolución clínica de cada una de estas enfermedades. Por ello, es necesario que el médico considere las características clínicas y de laboratorio de ambas enfermedades para diagnosticar su presencia simultánea, garantizar un manejo adecuado y minimizar las complicaciones.

We report the case of a 38-year-old woman who initially consulted for an undifferentiated fever. Although her clinical condition evolved with signs and symptoms compatible with dengue with alarm signs and that the anti-dengue IgM detection in a single sample indicated it was a probable case that could have happened during the previous three months, the patient kept consulting due to little improvement. On the tenth day after the onset of symptoms, she presented with painful polyarticular symmetric edema, as well as hyperpigmented lesions in the nasolabial fold. Chikungunya diagnosis was confirmed by the presence of IgM antibodies. In endemic countries for dengue and chikungunya, the possibility of co-infection exists, but it may go unnoticed. On the other hand, the co-infection may worsen the clinical course of these diseases. Therefore, physicians should evaluate the clinical and laboratory characteristics of both infections to be able to diagnose the coinfection for adequate management and to minimize complications.