Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Show: 20 | 50 | 100
Results 1 - 15 de 15
Filter
1.
Chinese Journal of School Health ; (12): 219-223, 2023.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-964418

ABSTRACT

Objective@#Develop a nutrition health educational guidance outline for primary and secondary school students which is adapted to the characteristics of Shanghai and meets the cognitive level of students at different levels, so as to provide a reference for planning the content and target of nutrition health education among students of different school stages.@*Methods@#Through literature search and qualitative interviews, the framework of nutrition health education for primary and secondary school students in Shanghai was developed, and 21 experts in the fields of nutrition, school health and health education were invitied to conduct a Delphi consultation, and determined the content of nutrition and health education for students in each school section based on the consultation results.@*Results@#The recall rate for both rounds of consultation was 100%, the degree of expert authority was 0.74 and 0.89 , and the coordination coefficients were 0.31 and 0.33( P <0.01), suggesting high credibility of expert opinion. The resulting guidance outline included 2 first level entries, 6 second level entries, 60 third level entries and corresponding entry explanations. The 2 first level entries were rational nutrition and food safety; the 6 second level entries were food and nutrients, balanced diet, good eating habits, nutritional practices, good hygiene habits and food borne diseases; the 60 third level entries needed to be studied in Level 1 were 24, Level 2 were 41, Level 3 were 55, and Level 4 were 59.@*Conclusion@#The nutrition health educational guidance outline for primary and secondary school students in Shanghai developed in this study focuses on key nutrition knowledge, rational dietary behaviors and nutrition practice skills, which can provide a reference and basis for the phased implementation of nutrition health education in primary and secondary schools.

2.
Article | IMSEAR | ID: sea-204630

ABSTRACT

Background: Mental health and its related problems are growing concerns over the world. The early onset of emotional and behavioral problem in the young children is related to a variety of health and behavior problems in adolescence and later life as well. Most of these children present to Pediatric outpatient clinics owing to the Stigma and lack of awareness. The aim of the study is to find out the pattern and prevalence of psychiatric morbidity in children presenting to pediatric outpatient clinics.Methods: It is a cross sectional, point prevalence study of children who have attended Child Guidance Clinic of Pediatric Department in a tertiary care teaching hospital October 2019 to January 2020. Clinical and demographic details was collected in a semi-structured proforma and the details were analyzed.Results: A total of 114 children were analyzed during the study period and this study comprised of 62 boys and 52 girls. Most of the children belonged to the age group of 11-15 years (51%) followed by the ages of 6-10(29.8%). Most common reason for consultation was change in behavior, school refusal and poor academic performance. The most common diagnosis made was Dissociative Conversion Disorder (17.6%), Nocturnal enuresis (15.7%), Mild Mental Retardation (10.5%) and Seizure Disorder with Behavioral Problems (10.5%).Conclusions: A significant number of children attending the Paediatric OPD of general hospitals have psychiatric disorders. The emotional and behavioral problems in children often present with physical symptoms. An effective liaison of services will help to identify and treat children with psychiatric morbidity.

3.
CoDAS ; 32(5): e20190123, 2020. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1133528

ABSTRACT

RESUMO Objetivo: Elaborar e apresentar a construção de um programa inovador, com suporte tecnológico, de orientação fonoaudiológica a pais de crianças com risco para alteração de linguagem, com o propósito de minimizar as consequências de um transtorno do desenvolvimento da linguagem (TDL). Método: Foi desenvolvido um aplicativo para smartphone, tablet e computadores com o objetivo de apresentar um material inovador, tecnológico e motivador para que houvesse maior integração e dedicação durante o acompanhamento das famílias e a intervenção pudesse ser feita a distância. Resultados: O conteúdo foi organizado em videoaulas (orientações teóricas foram realizadas em forma de videoaulas, lecionadas pela própria avaliadora), vídeos (documentários e vídeos do site YouTube), reportagens (reportagens curtas vinculadas a sites especializados em desenvolvimento infantil), conteúdo complementar (atividades culturais e de lazer para serem realizadas em família) e atividades (atividades para estimulação das habilidades trabalhadas na videoaula de cada semana proposta no aplicativo). Conclusão: Foi possível elaborar um Programa de Orientação a distância capaz de criar um espaço terapêutico inovador, tecnológico e motivador compatível com a realidade das famílias atuais.


ABSTRACT Purpose: To elaborate and show an innovative speech and language guidance program for smartphones, tablets, and computers, with technological support. The program aims to help parents of children at risk for language disorder in order to minimize the consequences of a developmental language disorder (DLD). Method: An app was developed to provide a dynamic interaction between the researcher and the families for at a distance intervention, aiming to reach the greatest number of children to promote language development in a broad, low-cost and effective way. Results: The content was organized in video-lessons (theoretical orientations were carried out in the form of video-lessons, taught by the researcher), videos (documentaries and videos from YouTube), reports (reports linked to sites specializing in child development), complementary content (cultural and leisure activities to be done in family) and activities (activities to stimulate the skills worked on in each week's video lesson proposed in the application). Conclusion: We created a remote orientation program proposing an innovative, technological, and motivating therapeutic environment compatible with the reality of today's families.


Subject(s)
Humans , Child , Speech Therapy , Language Development Disorders , Parents , Speech , Language Development
4.
Article | IMSEAR | ID: sea-204341

ABSTRACT

Background: Developmental disabilities occur in approximately 5-10% of the childhood population. The paucity of data regarding the burden and risk factors slows down the programs and policymaking actions for these highly prevalent conditions in developing countries.Methods: A retrospective review of records of 264 children below 12 years referred to CGC of a Tertiary Care Hospital from November 2016 to December 2018 was done. Data was analysed using SPSS software and is described in terms of frequency and mean.''''Results: 264 new cases that were referred to the CGC were enrolled. The mean age of referral was 2.54 yrs. ('1.00) with M: F ratio being 1.4:1. In religion, Hindu predominance (56.4%) was found.76.5% hailed from urban area. 39% of all cases showed Consanguinity.37% belonged to Class IV(Upper Lower) and 89% had chronic malnutrition. 46.2% of cases had NICU stay of which perinatal asphyxia(PA) was found in 40%.Majority of children (45.7%) had Global developmental delay (GDD)/Mental Retardation (MR), 37.7% had various forms of CP, Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder(ADHD) was seen in 13%, 3.4% had Autism, 4.5% had specific language disorder, Learning disability' was seen in 2.7% and only 2.7% had Isolated motor delay.Conclusions: Early Intervention services for children lag behind in developing countries and the proportion of children referred to CGC with severe disabling conditions is high. This study provides baseline data for further planning of services and interventions for these children in Maharashtra.

5.
Distúrb. comun ; 29(1): 97-107, mar. 2017. tab, ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-880684

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Desenvolver um levantamento de indicadores para elaboração de uma proposta de orientação a familiares das crianças com alterações de linguagem em atendimento fonoaudiológico, baseado na compreensão das suas necessidades. Método: Em três diferentes momentos do processo terapêutico, 22 familiares de crianças atendidas, entre 2 a 11 anos, participaram de entrevistas semiestruturadas, baseadas na metodologia qualitativa. A análise das entrevistas resultou em 18 indicadores, especificando, para cada um deles, objetivos e sugestões de condutas. Resultados: A partir desses indicadores, uma proposta de intervenção foi construída para ajudar o profissional a atender as necessidades dos familiares, baseado nas suas perspectivas. Conclusão: A literatura conta com poucos estudos sobre intervenções fonoaudiológicas com famílias, logo, este estudo considerou as necessidades dos familiares, para enfatizar a importância de acolher a família e assegurar o respeito às singularidades do paciente e de seus familiares.


Objective: To develop a chart with indicators to help elaborate a family guidance proposal for families of children suffering from language disorders and undergoing speech therapy. That will be done by understanding the families' needs. Method: In 3 different moments of the treatment process, 22 family members of children between 2 and 11 years old who were in treatment, participated in semi-structured interviews for a qualitative enquiry. The analysis of the interviews resulted in 18 indicators, each of them specifying a goal and a guideline for the speech therapist. Results: Based on these indicators, a guidance proposal was constructed to help the professional to attend to the families' needs, as understood from their perspective. Conclusion: The literature offers few studies about family guidance in speech therapy. Therefore, the present study is based on the needs of the families, emphasizing the importance of taking the family in and guaranteeing respect for the singularities of both patients and their relatives.


Objetivo: Desarrollar una investigación de indicadores para preparar una propuesta de orientación a las familias de los niños con trastornos del lenguaje en la terapia fonoaudiológica, basado en la comprensión de sus necesidades. Método: En tres distintos momentos del proceso terapéutico fonoaudiológico, 22 familiares de niños en tratamiento, entre 2 y 11 años participaron de entrevistas semiestructuradas basadas en la metodología cualitativa. Del analisis de las entrevistas, resultaron 18 indicadores y se especifico, para cada una de ellos, metas y sugerencias de conductas. Resultados: A partir de estes indicadores, una propuesta de intervención fue construida para ayudar al Fonoaudiólogo para atender las necesidades de las familias, en fución de sus perspectivas. Conclusión: La literatura tiene pocos estudios sobre las intervenciones fonoaudiológica con las familias, por lo que este estudio tuvo en cuenta las necesidades de las familias para destacar la importancia de acojerlas y garantizar el respeto a las singularidades del paciente y de sus familias.


Subject(s)
Humans , Child, Preschool , Child , Child , Child Guidance , Family , Language Disorders , Speech, Language and Hearing Sciences , Family Relations
6.
Rev. paul. pediatr ; 34(3): 330-335, July-Sept. 2016. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-794971

ABSTRACT

Abstract Objective: To analyze the perception of pediatric guidelines by mothers at the time of consultation in private offices, in order to know how they assimilate, process and use the information received from the pediatricians. Methods: Data collection was carried out by a questionnaire sent to participants by a total of 200 mothers from a virtual community in social networks participated in the research. The answers were transcribed using the Discourse of the Collective Subject method. The analyses were supported by the research qualitative perspective, from the viewpoint of the social representation theory. Results: Three categories were obtained through data analysis: (1) assessing the pediatric guidelines, (2) confronting theory and practice and (3) developing a critical view of the pediatric guidelines. These categories have elucidated that the level of knowledge of pediatric issues by mothers and their ability to use them when making decisions about the care of their babies, have a direct association between following or not the pediatric guidelines. Conclusions: The mother's decision on following the pediatrician's recommendations depends on two main factors: (a) certification of the updated and proven recommendations, according to the official health agencies; (b) support and recognition by the pediatrician of the maternal empowerment during the follow-up process. The mothers' practice of accessing knowledge through social networks hinders the pediatric monitoring.


Resumo Objetivo: Analisar a percepção das orientações pediátricas pelas mães na ocasião do atendimento em consultórios particulares, para conhecer de que maneira assimilam, processam e usam as informações recebidas de seu pediatra. Métodos: A coleta de dados foi feita por questionário enviado às participantes. Participaram da pesquisa 200 mães de uma comunidade virtual nas redes sociais. As respostas foram transcritas por meio do método do discurso do sujeito coletivo. As análises foram respaldadas na perspectiva qualitativa de pesquisa, sob a ótica da teoria das representações sociais. Resultados: Obtiveram-se três categorias por meio da análise de dados: (1) avaliação das orientações pediátricas, (2) confronto da teoria e prática e (3) desenvolvimento de um olhar crítico acerca das orientações pediátricas. Tais categorias elucidaram que o nível de conhecimento de temas pediátricos por parte das mães e a sua capacidade de usá-los na tomada de decisões sobre os cuidados dos seus bebês apresentam uma relação direta entre seguir ou não as orientações pediátricas. Conclusões: A decisão das mães quanto a seguir as recomendações do pediatra depende de dois fatores principais: (a) certificação das recomendações atualizadas e comprovadas, de acordo com os órgãos oficiais de saúde; (b) apoio e reconhecimento por parte do pediatra do papel materno durante o processo de acompanhamento. A prática do acesso ao conhecimento das mães por meio de redes sociais dificulta o acompanhamento pediátrico.


Subject(s)
Humans , Child , Pediatrics , Professional-Family Relations , Attitude to Health , Mothers/psychology , Practice Guidelines as Topic , Self Report
7.
Rev. CEFAC ; 18(2): 362-368, mar.-abr. 2016. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-781477

ABSTRACT

RESUMO Objetivo: analisar o procedimento de orientação familiar realizado em serviços públicos de reabilitação de crianças deficientes auditivas considerando-se a perspectiva dos pais. Métodos: a amostra do estudo foi composta por vinte e um responsáveis de menores com déficit auditivo que realizam terapia fonoaudiológica em serviços públicos. Para a coleta de dados, aplicou-se um questionário contendo perguntas relativas ao processo de aconselhamento fonoaudiológica e sobre os principais temas explorados no mesmo. As respostas foram categorizadas e organizadas em uma planilha digital, a fim de realizar a análise descritiva por meio dos resultados em porcentagem. Resultados: 100% dos pais afirmaram receber orientações, sendo estas fornecidas semanalmente (90,5%). Entre os temas explorados, 90,5% dos genitores referiram receber informações acerca dos aspectos relacionados ao desenvolvimento de linguagem, fala e comunicação; quanto ao uso, funcionamento e manutenção do dispositivo eletrônico utilizado pela criança, 81%; a respeito do processo escolar de seus filhos, 47,6% e, sobre audição e perda auditiva, 52,4%. 95,2% dos pais também referiram não sentir dificuldades em compreender os esclarecimentos realizados pelos profissionais, e 100% relataram que aplicam as mesmas em ambiente familiar. Conclusão: o procedimento de orientação realizado nesses serviços foi considerado eficiente, uma vez que propicia aos genitores informações sobre os temas mais comumente reportados na literatura, além de serem fornecidas em todas as sessões realizadas. O mesmo também possibilita que os responsáveis apliquem as recomendações recebidas, sendo possível dar continuidade às estratégias aplicadas durante o processo terapêutico em ambiente familiar, potencializando o desenvolvimento da criança deficiente auditiva.


ABSTRACT Purpose: to analyze family counseling procedures performed in public rehabilitation services for hearing impaired children with regard to parents perspective. Methods: twenty-one parents, whose children with hearing impairment receive speech-language therapy at public services, have been interview. The instrument used for data collection, was a questionnaire with open and multiple choice questions about frequency of family counseling, exploring those issues which were discussed in more depth and the main comprehension difficulties pointed out. The answers were categorized and organized in a digital worksheet in order to do the descriptive analysis. Results: a total of 100% parents claimed to receive counseling, of those, 90.5% refer that this is done once a week. Among the issues brought up in counseling are: 90,5% aspects regarding language, speech and communication development, 81% regarding use, working and maintenance of hearing aids for their children, 47,6% regarding school and 52,4% regarding hearing and its impairment. Parents say that they do not to feel any difficulty in comprehending the professional´s oral instructions (95,2%) and 100% report making use of these instructions. Conclusion: counseling procedures performed in public rehabilitation services are deemed efficient, since they provide parents with information about topics present in the literature and these are thoroughly discussed in every counseling appointment. The procedure also enables parents to apply their acquired knowledge, as a continuing strategy throughout the therapy process in their family environment, thereby enhancing the child's development.

8.
Distúrb. comun ; 27(3): 621-628, set. 2015.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-775873

ABSTRACT

Durante a aplicação de programa fonoaudiológico em uma casa de acolhimento para crianças cardiopatas na cidade de São Paulo, foram identificadas demandas maternas ligadas a diferentes aspectos do desenvolvimento infantil e ao enfrentamento de dificuldades inerentes a esse contexto de tratamento. Este programa foi constituído por diferentes ações, principalmente de caráter preventivo, objetivando essencialmente o funcionamento da linguagem oral e a alimentação das crianças, a partir das perguntas e demandas de acolhimento das mães. Tais demandas, aliadas às observações realizadas, levaram à elaboração de um conjunto de recomendações para mães de crianças cardiopatas; as quais visam contribuir para a efetividade da interação da díade mãe/criança nesse contexto, de maneira a minimizar riscos para o desenvolvimento infantil.


During the implementation of a Speech Language Pathology and Audiology program in a shelter house for cardiac children in the city of São Paulo, maternal demands related to different aspects of development and difficulties inherent to this treatment context where identified. This speech language and hearing program was constituted by different actions, mainly in a preventive way, aiming essentially to children language development and feeding behavior, from the mother?s questions and guidance demands.These demands, beside the observations made, led to the formulation of a set of recommendations for mothers of cardiac children which aimed to contribute to the effectiveness of mother/child interaction in this context, with views to minimize risks for child development.


Durante la ejecución de un programa fonoaudiologico en una casa de acogida para los niños con enfermedades del corazón en São Paulo se identificaron demandas maternas relacionadas con diferentes aspectos del desarrollo infantil y con el afrontamiento de dificultades inherentes a este contexto de tratamiento. Este programa de intervención consistió en diferentes acciones, principalmente de carácter preventivo, visando esencialmenteel funcionamiento del lenguaje oral y la alimentación de los niños, a partir de las preguntas y demandas de acogida de lasmadres. Tales demandas, aliadas a las observaciones realizadas, llevaron al desarrollo de un conjunto de recomendaciones para las madres de los niños con enfermedades del corazón que objetivaran contribuir para la eficacia de la interacción entre ladíada madre/hijo en este contexto, deforma a minimizar los riesgos para el desarrollo infantil.


Subject(s)
Humans , Infant , Child Development , Diet , Feeding Behavior , Heart Diseases , Mothers , Speech-Language Pathology , Speech, Language and Hearing Sciences
9.
Pediatr. mod ; 51(9): 333-336, set, 2015.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-782228

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Expor e discutir o enfrentamento do diagnóstico de DM na criança e sua família na ótica dos acadêmicos de medicina. METODOLOGIA: Trata-se de um relato de experiência, com abordagem refl exiva. RESULTADOS: Verifi caram-se as fases no pós-diagnóstico, o enfrentamento do DM pela família e a criança, a importância de implementar estratégias para viabilizar a adesão ao tratamento, assim como as ofi cinas para as famílias e crianças em igual situação de alteração metabólica. CONCLUSÃO: As orientações prestadas à família com vistas ao esclarecimento e aporte emocional podem auxiliar no processo de adaptação coletiva, pois as dúvidas levam a questionamentos importantes no processo de aprendizagem sobre o DM e como proceder. Isto sugere uma ampliação na forma de orientação ao individuo e a família com DM, a considerar a individualidade dos mesmos na redução das dúvidas e preparar a família para os cuidados permanentes.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Primary Health Care , Child Guidance , Diabetes Mellitus
10.
Pediatr. mod ; 51(5)maio 2015.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-754779

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Expor e discutir o enfrentamento do diagnóstico de DM na criança e sua família na ótica dos acadêmicos de medicina. Metodologia: Trata-se de um relato de experiência, com abordagem reflexiva. Resultados: Verificaram-se as fases no pós-diagnóstico, o enfrentamento do DM pela família e a criança, a importância de implementar estratégias para viabilizar a adesão ao tratamento, assim como as oficinas para as famílias e crianças em igual situação de alteração metabólica. Conclusão: As orientações prestadas à família com vistas ao esclarecimento e aporte emocional podem auxiliar no processo de adaptação coletiva, pois as dúvidas levam a questionamentos importantes no processo de aprendizagem sobre o DM e como proceder. Isto sugere uma ampliação na forma de orientação ao indivíduo e a família com DM, a considerar a individualidade dos mesmos na redução das dúvidas e preparar a família para os cuidados permanentes.


Subject(s)
Humans , Primary Health Care , Diabetes Mellitus , Child Guidance
11.
Child Health Nursing Research ; : 183-193, 2015.
Article in Korean | WPRIM | ID: wpr-198405

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to identify the influence of parental media use, parents' educational needs regarding media use, and parents' media guidance for children on the children's media use. METHODS: The participants were 161 parents of elementary school children in the 1st and 4th grades. Data were collected through self-report questionnaires, and analyzed using the SPSS/WIN 19.0 IBM program. RESULTS: The average times for watching television and using the internet in the children were 11.44 hours and 5.89 hours per week, respectively. Children's time watching television was influenced by parents' time watching television, children's gender (girl), and parents' educational needs. Children's television dependency was influenced by parents' educational needs, parents' time watching television, and parents' age (under 36 years). Time using the internet and internet dependency in the children were influenced by parents' educational needs, family monthly income (under 3 million won), and parents' guidance for children on watching television. CONCLUSION: The findings indicate that elementary school children's media use is influenced by parental media use, parents' educational needs, and parents' media guidance for children. Therefore parental factors should be considered in developing approaches to provide education programs to prevent media overuse in children.


Subject(s)
Child , Humans , Child Guidance , Education , Internet , Parents , Television , Surveys and Questionnaires
12.
Rev. méd. Minas Gerais ; 19(4,supl.2): 25-32, out.-dez.2009. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-796703

ABSTRACT

Propostas de humanização no cuidado, em uma perspectiva centrada no cliente, com ênfase na assistência integral à tríade mãe/filho/família, têm sido foco de discussão entre os profissionais e instituições de saúde que prestam assistência ao recém-nascido pré-termo. Objetivos: levantar a frequência de queixa de sinais de agitação em crianças pré-termo de um a três anos e a necessidade de orientação aos pais, tendo como base o registro em prontuário. Método: a amostra consistiu de 132 crianças, que iniciaram o programa de acompanhamento no Ambulatório da Criança de Risco (ACRIAR) no ano de 2004. Foram obtidos os registros de problemas de comportamento, resistência a limites e dificuldade para focar a atenção durante as consultas de acompanhamento. Resultados: verificou-se que os principais sinais registrados foram agitação e irritação, comportamento de birra, pouca colaboração durante as avaliações, resistência a limites e a atendimento de solicitações e regras e dificuldade para focar a atenção durante as consultas de acompanhamentos. Conclusão: os resultados indicam a necessidade de orientação preventiva aos pais de crianças pré-termo sobre manejo do comportamento. Foi elaborada cartilha informativa, sendo utilizada como guia de orientação para informar aos pais como estabelecer limites aos filhos por meio de condutas firmes e coerentes, sem excesso de autoridade ou castigos. Esse recurso tem sido bem avaliado pelas famílias, possibilitando discutir e refletir sobre condutas e atitudes frente aos comportamentos inapropriados das crianças em situações do dia-a-dia...


Introduction: proposals for health care humanization focused on the patient, emphasizing the comprehensive health care of the triad mother/childl family, have been focused on discussions among health professionals and institutions that provide health care to pre-term newborns. Objectives: to assess the frequency of complaints about signs of agitation in pre-term children from one to three years old and the need for orientation to the parents based on the records. Method: the sample included 132 children that started in the follow up program at the Risk Child Ambulatory I Ambulatório da Criança de Risco (ACRIAR) in 2004. The records of behavior problems, resistance to limits and attention difficulties during follow up consultations were used. Results: the main signs found were restlessness and irritation, stubbornness, poor cooperation during evaluation, resistance 10 limits and rules, and difficulties to direct attention during follow up consultations. Conclusion: the results indicate the need for preventive guidance 10 the parents of lhe pre-term children about behavior management. An informalion booklet was prepared, to be used as guidance to inform parents about how to set limits 10 the children by means of firm and consistent behavior without excess of authority or punishment. This resource has been well accepted by the families, making possible the discussion and reflection about behaviors and altitudes in face of children's inappropriate behavior in the day by day situations...


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant , Child, Preschool , Health Facility Environment , Child Behavior , Humanization of Assistance , Child Guidance
13.
Rev. Soc. Bras. Fonoaudiol ; 13(3): 267-271, jul.-set. 2008.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-493281

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Nas famílias de gêmeos monozigóticos, algumas práticas podem acompanhar o processo de gestação, nascimento e desenvolvimento dessas crianças. Inclui-se a escolha de roupas iguais ou com diferença apenas na cor, nomes com semelhanças fonéticas, rotinas parecidas quanto à alimentação e sono. O objetivo, aqui, foi acompanhar longitudinalmente uma família, analisando os pressupostos e práticas sociais manifestados discursivamente, a respeito da gemelaridade, a partir do diagnóstico da gestação gemelar de crianças monozigóticas, considerando-se, em especial, o desenvolvimento da linguagem e o processo de constituição da identidade de tais crianças. MÉTODOS: O trabalho pauta-se na abordagem naturalista/observacional, perspectiva histórico-cultural e no paradigma de natureza indiciária. Considerou-se os dados de oito entrevistas, vídeo-gravadas a cada três meses, a partir do diagnóstico da gestação gemelar monozigótica com uma família. Os dados foram analisados, considerando-se: a descoberta, escolha de nomes, vestuário, interação, rotina, linguagem e identidade. RESULTADOS: As categorias analisadas apareceram nos discursos coletados e revelaram a dificuldade familiar em assimilar a presença de gêmeos, que acabam sendo dois vistos como um. CONCLUSÕES: Os aspectos sociais envolvidos frente à semelhança são marcantes o suficiente para vencer a possibilidade de alteração no processo de desenvolvimento da linguagem e identidade dessas crianças. A Fonoaudiologia precisa incorporar à prática clínica, o acolhimento dessas famílias, com suas crenças e valores, para que as intervenções fonoaudiológicas, junto a essa população, sejam efetivas.


PURPOSE: Families with monozygotic twin children have some typical practices which begin in early pregnancy and persist during the childhood, including wearing the same clothes and colors, choosing phonetically similar names and offering the same food and sleeping patterns. The purpose of this study was to follow-up, prospectively, one family with identical twins, analyzing the influence of assumptions and social practices expressed in their discourse on the language development and the construction process of each child's identity, from the diagnosis of monozygotic twin pregnancy. METHODS: The study is based on the naturalist/observational approach, the historic-cultural perspective and the indiciary paradigm. Eight interviews were video recorded every three months since the diagnosis of identical twin pregnancy in one family, and information regarding the following categories were analyzed: the announcement of pregnancy, choice of names, clothes, family interaction, general routine, language and identity of each child. RESULTS: All analyzed categories were referred by the family during the interviews, and revealed their difficulty in assimilating the presence of two different children, who end up being seen as one child. CONCLUSION: The social aspects that come along with the similarities of monozygotic twins are remarkable enough to overcome and change its influence on these children's processes of language and identity development. The Speech-Language Pathology has an important role to support these families in the context of their beliefs and values, so that the intervention, when necessary, is effective.


Subject(s)
Family Relations , Language Development , Social Values , Speech, Language and Hearing Sciences , Twins, Monozygotic
14.
Rev. nutr ; 20(5): 499-514, set.-out. 2007.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-472312

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVOS: Este estudo teve como objetivos: a) conhecer as percepções de mães de crianças de zero a dois anos sobre os cuidados desenvolvidos pelas creches freqüentadas por seus filhos; b) conhecer as percepções das educadoras sobre o seu papel nos cuidados oferecidos às crianças e suas famílias. MÉTODOS: Foi utilizada a abordagem qualitativa de pesquisa, com aplicação da técnica do grupo focal. Foram realizados, em creches da Prefeitura do Município de São Paulo, cinco grupos focais com mães e dois com educadoras. RESULTADOS: No material obtido com as mães, foram identificados três eixos temáticos: relações da família com a creche; cuidados prestados à criança pela creche; creche enquanto política pública. Nos grupos das educadoras, os eixos foram: dificuldades dentro das rotinas de trabalho; relação educadora-família; relações com a coordenação da creche; inserção e capacitação profissional. CONCLUSÃO: As mães, por se considerarem privilegiadas em terem acesso às creches, apresentam baixa exigência com relação aos cuidados prestados. O que mais valorizam são os aspectos relacionados com alimentação, higiene e administração de medicamentos. Quanto às educadoras, há grandes limitações quanto às suas condições de trabalho, principalmente no que diz respeito ao pequeno número de profissionais. A relação educadora-família é ambígua: as educadoras ora consideram as mães omissas e irresponsáveis ora as consideram carentes e necessitadas de ajuda. São recomendadas futuras pesquisas sobre dois temas: a relação entre as creches e os serviços de saúde e as condições de trabalho das educadoras.


OBJECTIVE: The objectives of this study were to (a) know how mothers of infants (0 to 2 years) perceived the care provided to their children by daycare centers and (b) know how educators perceived their roles in the care provided to infants and their families. METHODS: The quantitative approach to research was used together with the focus group technique. Five focus groups were conducted with mothers and two with educators from public daycare centers of the municipality of São Paulo. RESULTS: Three themes were identified in the material collected from the mothers: family relationship with the daycare center, care provided to the infant by the daycare center and the public policy on daycare. Among educators, the themes were: difficulties in the work routine, relationship with the infant's family, relationship with the coordinators of the daycare facility, professional training and starting a career. CONCLUSION: Since the mothers considered themselves privileged to be able to leave their infants in a free-of-charge daycare facility, they were not very demanding of the quality of care provided to their infants. What they value the most are the aspects associated with feeding, hygiene and administration of medications. Regarding the educators, there are many limitations in their working conditions, especially regarding the shortage of educators. The relationship between the educator and the family is ambiguous: sometimes the educators consider the mothers to be careless and irresponsible and sometimes longing for attention and help. Two issues deserve to be investigated in future researches: the relationship between the daycare centers and the health services and the working conditions of the educators.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Child Day Care Centers , Child Rearing , Public Policy
15.
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-150236

ABSTRACT

Objectives To identify presentations of children with learning difficulties attending Child Psychiatry and Guidance Clinic (CPGC) at Lady Ridgeway Hospital (LRH) and describe their socio-demographic characteristics, health-seeking behaviour and modes of referral. Design Descriptive cross sectional study. Method Children diagnosed to have learning difficulties or attention deficit hyperactive disorder (ADHD), presenting to CPGC at LRH from 27 May to 10 June 2003, were included in study. Learning difficulties were diagnosed by a child psychiatrist using DSM IV criteria. A pre-tested, interviewer administered questionnaire (IAQ) was used to collect socio-demographic data, details on health-seeking behaviour and modes of referral from parents/ guardians. A checklist was used to identify presentations. Results 52 children with learning difficulties were identified and all participated in study. Presentations were with difficulties in reading (70%), mathematics (60%), writing (55%), communication (45%) and motor skills (50%). ADHD was found in 60% cases. 85% were males. Mean age was 9 years. 31% had deficit of schooling. 54% were urban dwellers. Caretaker was mother in 83% cases. Monthly income was greater than 3000 rupees in 92% cases. 89% children were identified by mother or teacher. Initial visits were made to a specialist unit (62%) or a primary health care service (31%).

SELECTION OF CITATIONS
SEARCH DETAIL