ABSTRACT
Abstract: Objective: To evaluate the effect on the satisfaction of nursing students and the participants of Service-Learning methodology in the development of Health Education workshops. Materials and methods: Service-Learning project was designed in four stages: 1) students training in knowledge about Community Nursing and Health Education; 2) development of healthy workshops for its implementation in associations; 3) implementation of the workshops; 4) reflection on Service-Learning impact. An ad hoc questionnaire was developed to assess students' satisfaction. It was also evaluated the workshops' participant's satisfaction. Results: students reported having a very high level of satisfaction by increasing their scores after improving Service-Learning methodology in the subject. In addition, participants who received health promotion workshops developed by nursing students reported a positive impact on their health. Conclusion: development of Service-Learning methodology associated with health education implies high level of satisfaction in nursing students and a social impact for the community.
Resumen: Objetivo: Evaluar la satisfacción de los estudiantes de enfermería y los participantes, con la metodología Aprendizaje Servicio en el desarrollo de talleres de Educación para la Salud. Materiales y Método: El proyecto de Aprendizaje-Servicio se diseñó en cuatro etapas: 1) Formación de estudiantes en conocimientos sobre Enfermería Comunitaria y Educación para la Salud; 2) Desarrollo de talleres saludables para su implementación en asociaciones; 3) Implementación de los talleres; 4) Reflexión sobre el impacto del Aprendizaje-Servicio. Se desarrolló un cuestionario ad hoc para evaluar la satisfacción de los estudiantes. También se evaluó la satisfacción de los participantes de los talleres. Resultados: Los estudiantes informaron tener un nivel de satisfacción muy alto, al aumentar sus puntajes luego de mejorar la metodología de Aprendizaje-Servicio en la asignatura. Además, los participantes que recibieron talleres de promoción de la salud, desarrollados por estudiantes de enfermería, reportaron un impacto positivo en su salud. Conclusión: El desarrollo de la metodología de Aprendizaje-Servicio asociado a la educación en salud, implica un alto nivel de satisfacción en los estudiantes de enfermería y un impacto social para la comunidad.
ABSTRACT
Objective To increase the awareness of malaria prevention and control among people going abroad and returners, so as to prevent the local retransmission of oversea imported malaria. Methods Health education interventions for malaria control were given to people going abroad and returners in communities, and the changes of malaria prevention and control knowledge and medical-seeking behaviors were observed among the target populations. Results There were 367 people going abroad and oversea returners from malaria-endemic areas in Zhangjiagang City from July 2018 to December 2019, and 18 imported malaria cases were found. Following the implementation of community health education, the awareness of malaria prevention and control knowledge increased significantly from 35.09% to 93.08% among the target populations (χ2 = 78.130, P < 0.01), and the proportions of carrying anti-malarial drugs and administration of anti-malarial drugs for emergency treatment increased from 12.14% and 11.46% to 26.79% and 26.79% (χ2 = 8.793 and 9.834, P < 0.05), respectively. In addition, the mean duration from malaria onset to the definitive diagnosis reduced from (5.86 ± 4.45) days to (3.11 ± 1.28) days (U = 64.000, P < 0.05). Conclusion Community health education based on the precision community administration is an effective approach for malaria control in current era.
ABSTRACT
ABSTRACT The socio-historical process in Brazil is crossed by racism and the agrarian issues, as both are part of the same structural dimension. Thus, the understanding of racism is essential to apprehend the social determination process of racial inequalities in health. This action research had as general objective to analyze the interference of racism in the health-disease-care process of rural black families and, more specifically, to describe the children's group intervention activities. Primary data were used: field diaries and other documents prepared by the Resident Team; and secondary data: the Participatory Rural Appraisal as a tool of systematization in territorialization. This shared action between professionals residents in Family Health Care and settlement dwellers, located in Caruaru (PE), was developed from the popular health education focusing on health promotion and facing racism as a transversal axis. In this sense, the Family Health team is a powerful tool for promoting Healthy and Sustainable Territories by confronting racism in its non-biocentered issues, with the use of low technology, transdisciplinary, strengthening black identities and building health as recommended in health policies and the Sustainable Development Goals.
RESUMO O processo sócio-histórico do Brasil é atravessado pelo racismo e pela questão agrária, visto que ambos fazem parte de uma mesma dimensão estrutural. Desse modo, a compreensão do racismo é elementar para apreender o processo de determinação social das desigualdades raciais em saúde. Esta pesquisa-ação teve como objetivo geral analisar a interferência do racismo no processo saúde-doença-cuidado de famílias negras do campo e, mais especificamente, descrever as atividades de intervenção do grupo de crianças. Foram utilizados dados primários: diários de campo e outros documentos elaborados pela Equipe de Residentes; e dados secundários: sistematização das ferramentas do Diagnóstico Rural Participativo na territorialização. Essa ação compartilhada entre profissionais residentes em saúde da família e moradores/as de um assentamento, localizado em Caruaru (PE), foi desenvolvida a partir da educação popular em saúde com foco na promoção à saúde e teve o enfrentamento ao racismo como eixo transversal. Nesse sentido, a equipe de Saúde da Família se mostrou instrumento potente de promoção de Territórios Saudáveis e Sustentáveis a partir do enfrentamento do racismo em suas questões não biocentradas, com o uso de baixa tecnologia, transdisciplinarmente, fortalecendo as identidades negras e construindo saúde conforme preconizado nas políticas de saúde e nos Objetivos de Desenvolvimento Sustentável.
ABSTRACT
Resumen El campo de la salud se ha constituido en un escenario propicio para el desarrollo de acciones educativas en diferentes ámbitos y escenarios, acogiendo para ello elementos y metodologías diversas. Los avances teóricos de la educación para la salud han puesto en evidencia la necesidad de disponer de reflexiones pedagógicas para redireccionar las acciones que se hacen tanto en el ámbito clínico como en el comunitario. Esta apuesta por nutrir pedagógicamente la educación para la salud permite mirar al campo de la educación como escenario natural para la reflexión pedagógica, siendo la educación popular un lugar propicio para evocar un diálogo interdisciplinar entre la salud y la educación. Gracias al desarrollo epistemológico, pedagógico y político de la educación popular, puede ser el escenario de confluencias y articulaciones para que la educación en el campo de la salud retome a su interior ciertas reflexiones que le permitan avanzar en su consolidación como escenario de transformación. De los múltiples aspectos que podría la educación popular aportar a la educación para la salud, se toman el diálogo como epicentro de las acciones educativas y la apuesta por un sujeto crítico, en tanto se convierten en elementos centrales de cualquier proceso educativo que deba gestarse en el campo de la salud.
Abstract The health sector has become a favorable scenario for the development of educational actions in different areas and scenarios through the adoption of different elements and methodologies. The theoretical progress of education for health has shown the need for pedagogical reflections to redirect the actions both in the clinical and the community environments. This effort on pedagogically nurturing education for health allows looking at the field of education as a natural scenario for pedagogical reflection; popular education is then the right place to have an interdisciplinary dialogue between health and education. Thanks to the epistemological, pedagogical and political development of popular education, it can be the scenario of confluence and articulation where education in the health sector reconsiders certain reflections that allow it to further consolidate as a transformation scenario. Of the many aspects that popular education could provide to education for health, dialogue as the epicenter of educational actions and the bet on a critical subject are chosen, as they become central elements of any educational process that may originate in the health sector.
Resumo O campo da saúde tornou-se um cenário favorável para o desenvolvimento de ações educativas em diferentes áreas e cenários, recebendo diferentes elementos e metodologias para isso. Os avanços teóricos da educação em saúde mostraram a necessidade de reflexões pedagógicas para redirecionar as ações que são realizadas tanto na clínica quanto na comunidade. Esse compromisso de educar pedagogicamente a educação em saúde nos permite olhar o campo da educação como um cenário natural para a reflexão pedagógica, sendo a educação popular um lugar propício para evocar um diálogo interdisciplinar entre saúde e educação. Graças ao desenvolvimento epistemológico, pedagógico e político da educação popular, pode ser o cenário de confluências e articulações para que a educação no campo da saúde retorne ao seu interior certas reflexões que lhe permitam avançar em sua consolidação como cenário de transformação. Dos muitos aspectos que a educação popular poderia contribuir para a educação em saúde, o diálogo é tomado como o epicentro das ações educativas e do compromisso com um tema crítico, pois se tornam elementos centrais de qualquer processo educacional que deve ocorrer no campo da saúde.
ABSTRACT
Objective To observe the control efficacy of community health education on population with metabolic syndrome (MS).Methods 56 cases of metabolic syndrome patients treated in the community were selected as the research object from June 2012 to 2013,and were randomly divided into the observation group (30 cases) and the control group (26 cases).The patients in the observation group received systematic community health education,and patients in the control group received regular treatment.The blood pressure,BMI Level,abdominal circumference,FPG level,TC,TG,LDL,HDL,2hPG,and HbAlc level of patients from both groups were compared one year later.Results Compared with the result before treatment,the abdominal circumference,blood pressure,blood glucose and lipid levels of patients in the observation group were all superior to the control group; the reasonableness for food taken was compared one year later,the observation group was also superior to the control group.Statistical significancc cxistcd in the differences between both groups.Conclusions The implementation of community health education has a positive significance in promoting the rehabilitation of people with metabolic syndrome,which is worth being promoted.
ABSTRACT
ObjectiveTo study the effect community health education on the quality of life in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients.Methods Three hundred and sixty patients with COPD in remission were set as the observation group, while another 212 COPD patients during the same period as the control group.The control group received conventional health education and the obseravation group received systematic,targeted health mode.The two groups were compared in respect of the quality of life.Results Before intervention,the two groups showed no significant differences in the total score on quality of life as well as its dimensions (P>0.05).After intervention,the study group was higher than the control group in the total score on quality of life as well as its dimensions (P<0.05).Conclusion The community health education is effective for improving the quality of life of COPD patients.
ABSTRACT
Currently, diabetes self-management education (DSME) is usually provided in hospitals, often in the form of a lecture. Evidence has indicated better strategies for DSME, such as behavioral outcome-focused, patient empowering, theory-based, and community-based long-term education. This manuscript presents guiding principles of DSME developed by a joint taskforce team of AADE (American Association of Diabetes Educators) and ADA (American Diabetes Association) members to address the need for community-based DSME and strategies to develop such programs. In conclusion, well-developed community DSME should have these characteristics; 1) consensus of needs and strategies for DSME among community, recipients, and provider, 2) standardized form based on current evidence, 3) education provided by a qualified DSME educator, and 4) include a system for continuous evaluation and revision of the program.
Subject(s)
Humans , Consensus , Diabetes Mellitus , Education , Health Education , Joints , Self CareABSTRACT
Objetivo: Desarrollar acciones de base comunitaria con la población indígena del departamento de Chocó, entre el periodo comprendido entre diciembre de 2010 y abril de 2013, utilizando la educación para la salud con enfoque diferencial como un medio de transformación de sus realidades, contribuyendo así al mejoramiento de sus condiciones de salud y nutrición. Metodología: Se realizó un proceso de educación para la salud, en el marco de la Investigación-Acción-Participación, que buscó aportar elementos para la modificación de algunas condiciones de salud y nutrición de las niñas y niños del departamento de Chocó; las fases desarrolladas fueron: diagnóstico-exploración, realización de acciones y programación-acción. Se trabajó en todo el proceso con 185 personas representantes de autoridades étnico-territoriales, líderes indígenas en salud, hombres, mujeres, niñas y niños indígenas. Resultados: Producto del proceso realizado durante tres años, mediante un trabajo participativo y consensuado, se abordaron algunas temáticas de salud y nutrición a través de la promoción de acciones clave para trabajar de manera comunitaria y familiar con las comunidades indígenas, con metodologías adaptadas a sus realidades y materiales educativos con enfoque diferencial e incluyente. Conclusiones: De acuerdo a los resultados se permite identificar la Investigación-Acción Participativa como una estrategia metodológica que posibilita transformaciones de las realidades de las comunidades indígenas en relación con su situación de salud y nutrición...
Subject(s)
Humans , Child , Health Consortia , Health Education , Health of Indigenous Peoples , Indigenous PeoplesABSTRACT
Resumen:
A pesar del proceso desarrollado por algunos países latinoamericanos en torno a las políticas públicas, se plantea poca efectividad de los procesos educativos en salud comunitaria, situación evidente en las poblaciones indígenas, en donde a pesar de la necesidad de valorar las prácticas relacionadas con la promoción y conservación de la salud, fundamentadas en las cosmovisiones y relaciones con la naturaleza, no se percibe el reconocimiento de la perspectiva intercultural en las acciones educativas en salud para estas comunidades. La investigación busca conocer la percepción de los procesos en salud-enfermedad de la comunidad arhuaca del Resguardo indígena de Nabusimake de la Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta (Colombia) enmarcada en el respeto y reconocimiento a su cosmovisión para promover procesos de educación intercultural.
Se realizó una etnografía focalizada para conocer los conceptos en torno a la salud y la enfermedad de esta comunidad. Comprender cómo el mundo indígena Arhuaco está colmado de imaginarios y sentidos invisibles muchas veces a los ojos occidentales hace posible que la educación comunitaria sea una interacción en donde el educador y el discípulo se transforman y enriquecen mutuamente. Una de las propuestas derivadas de esta investigación es el reto educativo de construcción intercultural, en el diseño de un currículo para los programas de diversas disciplinas en la formación universitaria que contemple la cosmovisión de las comunidades en las carreras de Ciencias de la Salud.
Abstract:
Despite the process developed by some Latin American countries regarding public policies, the educational processes are not very effective in respect to community health, especially in the indigenous populations, where despite the need to assess practices related to the promotion and maintenance of health, based on the worldviews and relationships with nature, the recognition of intercultural perspective in health educational activities for these communities is not observed. This research seeks to understand the perception of health and disease processes in the community Arhuaca Nabusimake of the Indigenous Reservation of Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta (Colombia) taking into account the respect and recognition of their worldview to promote intercultural education processes. We conducted a focused ethnography to understand the concepts around health and illness in this community. Understanding that the Arhuaco indigenous world is full of imaginaries and often invisible meanings to Western eyes makes it possible for community education to be an interaction where the teacher and the learner are transformed and enriched by each other.
One of the proposals arising from this research is the challenge of building an intercultural education, designing a curriculum for various disciplines in Health Sciences university education that includes the worldview of the communities.
A pesar do processo desenvolvido por alguns países latino-americanos ao redor das políticas públicas, apresenta-se pouca efetividade dos processos educativos em saúde comunitária, situação evidente nas populações indígenas, onde, a pesar da necessidade de valorizar as práticas relacionadas com a promoção e conservação da saúde, fundamentadas nas cosmovisões e relações com a natureza, não se percebe o reconhecimento da perspetiva intercultural nas ações educativas em saúde para essas comunidades.
A pesquisa busca conhecer a percepção dos processos em saúde enfermidade da comunidade arhuaca da Reserva Indígena de Nabusimake da Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta, Colômbia, marcada no respeito e no reconhecimento à sua cosmovisão para promover processos de educação intercultural.
Realizou-se uma etnografia focalizada para conhecer os conceitos em volta do tema da saúde e da enfermidade dessa comunidade.
Compreender como o mundo indígena Arhuaco está cheio de imaginários e sentidos invisíveis muitas vezes, a olhos ocidentais, faz possível que a educação comunitária seja uma interação onde o educador e o educando se transformam e enriquecem mutuamente.
Uma das propostas derivadas desta pesquisa é o desafio educativo de construção intercultural, no desenho de um currículo para os programas de diversas disciplinas na formação universitária que contemple a cosmovisão das comunidades nos cursos acadêmicos de ciências da saúde.
Subject(s)
Humans , Anthropology, Cultural , Culture , Education, Nursing , Transcultural Nursing , ColombiaABSTRACT
Objetivo: esta investigación describió las características de la Educación para la Salud EpS dirigida a los grupos de pacientes hipertensos en una Empresa Social del Estado ESE del primer nivel de atención de Manizales en el año 2008. Metodología: se realizó un estudio cualitativo de tipo descriptivo. La información se recolectó por medio de entrevista semiestructurada a las personas responsables del programa, y de observación directa de las actividades educativas y los recursos empleados en ellas. La información se analizó con base en las siguientes categorías: planeación, ejecución y evaluación de la EpS, conocimientos sobre la normatividad, recursos educativos y de infraestructura, y capacitación del talento humano respecto a EpS. Los hallazgos se confrontaron con el deber ser teórico. Resultados: se encontró que la planeación de la EpS es realizada anualmente por un profesional del área de la salud y ejecutada por auxiliares de enfermería poco capacitados para su desarrollo; la convocatoria de los usuarios se realiza semanalmente por diferentes medios; algunos centros de salud cuentan con infraestructura adecuada para la ejecución de las actividades; el desarrollo de las sesiones educativas no sigue los lineamientos que garanticen el logro de lo objetivos y carecen de evaluación. Conclusiones: considerando que el estado salud-enfermedad es un proceso dinámico y como tal requiere intervenciones de acuerdo a las necesidades que se generen, entre ellas las relacionadas con la EpS, realizar diagnósticos y plantear objetivos anuales para la satisfacción de éstas no siempre es pertinente, lo que puede incidir en la efectividad de los programas.
Objective: the description of the characteristics of Health Education, aimed at hypertensive patients in a public health facility in Manizales during 2008. Methodology: a qualitative study with a descriptive character was carried out. The information was obtained by means of semi-structured interviews to the persons responsible for the program, and direct observation of educational activities and the resources used. The data was analyzed taking into account the following categories: planning, implementation and evaluation of Health Education, knowledge on regulations, educational resources and infrastructure, and personnel training in Health Education. The findings were compared with theoretical knowledge. Results: the Health Education planning is conducted annually by a health area professional and carried out by poorly trained nursing assistants for its development. The users call is made on a weekly basis by various means. Some healthcare facilities have adequate infrastructure for implementing activities. The development of the educational sessions does not follow guidelines to ensure the achievement of objectives, and they lack evaluation. Conclusions: considering that the health-disease state is a dynamic process and as such requires interventions according to needs that arise, including those related to Health Education, performing diagnosis and proposing annual goals for fulfilling said needs, is not always relevant. This may affect the effectiveness of the programs.
Objetivo: esta pesquisa descreveu as características da Educação para a Saúde EpS- dirigida aos grupos de pacientes hipertensos numa Empresa Social do Estado -ESSE- do primeiro nível de atenção de Manizales no ano 2008. Metodologia: se realizou uma pesquisa quantitativa de tipo descritivo. A informação se coligiu por médio de entrevistas Semi-estruturadas á pessoas responsáveis do programa, e de observação direita das atividades educativas e os recursos empregados em elas. A informação se analisou com base nas seguintes categorias: planejarão, execução e evacuação da EpS, conhecimentos sobre a normatividade, recursos educativos e de infra-estruturar, e capacitação do talento humano respeito a EpS. Os descobrimentos se confrontaram com o dever ser teórico. Resultados: encontrou se que a planejar da EpS é realizada anualmente por um profissional do área da saúde e executada por auxiliares de enfermaria poço capacitados para seu desenvolvimento; a convocatória aos usuários se realiza semanalmente por diferentes médios, alguns centros de saúde contam com infra-estrutura adequada a execução das atividades; o desenvolvimento das sessões educativas não segue os lineamentos que garantiram o logro dos objetivos e carecem de avaliação. Conclusões: considerando que o estado de saúde- enfermidade é um proceso dinâmico e como tal requere intervenções de acordo á necessidades que se geram, entre elas as relacionadas com a EpS, realizar diagnósticos e planejar objetivos anuais para a satisfação desta não sempre permitem se, o que pode incidir na efetividade dos programas.
Subject(s)
Humans , Adult , Education , Health Education , HypertensionABSTRACT
ObjectiveTo discuss the influence of community health education on the life style of patients with primary hypertension. MethodsIn the form of lectures, consultation, playing video tape and delivering materials in health education, the community health education concerning psychological nursing, proper food program, timely and reasonable sport, monitoring of blood pressure and timely taking medicine was carried out in 268 patients with hypertension. The effect also was observed using t test and χ2 test. ResultsThe differences between the effect of blood pressure control in patients with hypertension before and after education had statistical significance. The changes of life style before and after education also had statistical significance. ConclusionsAfter the community health education, the patients with primary hypertension will know more about the hypertension, which is beneficial for them to form a healthy life style to improve the effect of blood pressure control.
ABSTRACT
Objective:To evaluate the influence of health education on knowledge and attitude about drugs and addictive drug abuse prevention among the junior middle school students.Methods:389 junior middle school students were selected in this program.Drugs and addictive drug abuse prevention related knowledge and attitude of the junior middle school students were surveyed by questionnaire anonymously before and after the health education.Results:After education,average score of drugs and addictive drug abuse prevention knowledge among the junior middle school students was significantly increased from 8.8 to 15.7(full score 17),suggesting the significant difference.The junior middle school student's level of knowledge about the danger of smoking and drinking also increased significantly.The correct rate of the answers rose from 4.6%～78.6% to 79.4%～100.0%.After this education,the rate of correct attitude about the drugs and addictive drug abuse prevention was significantly higher than before.Conclusion:The study suggests that health education on drugs and addictive drug abuse prevention among the junior middle school students has the positive impact on increasing the basic knowledge on the drugs and addictive drug abuse prevention for the junior middle school students as well as setting up the correct attitude on it.