ABSTRACT
Resumo O exercício aeróbico (AE) e exercícios resistidos (ER) têm demonstrado benefícios na prevenção e/ou controle da pressão arterial (PA), embora as influências destes dois modelos de exercícios (exercício concorrente) em uma única sessão sobre a PA ainda são desconhecidos. Desta forma, o objetivo do presente estudo foi verificar os efeitos da alternância entre EA e ER em diferentes sessões de exercícios concorrente sobre as respostas da PA. Participaram do estudo 10 jovens atletas do sexo masculino (22,6 ± 3,78 anos, 70,3 ± 5,89 kg, 175,96 ± 5,83 centímetros, 6,8 ± 2,38 % de gordura corporal). Os testes consistiram de quatro protocolos randomizados, sendo a sessão AR composta por EA seguido do ER, a sessão RA por ER seguido do EA (AR), a sessão circuito (CC) (ER e EA alternando de forma intermitente ) e a sessão de controle (CO) (sem exercício) . EA foi realizado em uma esteira a 90% do lactato mínimo indireto e o ER foi realizado em forma de circuito a 90% de 12 RM, alternado por segmento em seis exercícios. A PA foi mensurada em todos os protocolos, durante o momento repouso e no período de recuperação pós-exercício (REP). Observou-se uma redução da pressão arterial sistólica (PAS) aos 45 e 60 minutos de recuperação do protocolo RA em relação aos valores pré-exercício. A PA diastólica e média não apresentaram diferenças significativas. A sessão RA foi mais eficaz em demonstrar respostas hipotensoras em relação aos outros protocolos experimentais.(AU)
Abstract Aerobic exercise (AE) and resistance exercise (RE) have shown benefits in preventing and / or controlling blood pressure (BP), although the influences of these two models (concurrent exercise) in a single session of exercise on BP are still unknown to the individual. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to verify the effects of the alternating between AE and RE in different concurrent exercise sessions on BP responses. In order to do so, ten young male athletes (22.6 ± 3.78 years, 70.3 ± 5.89 kg, 175.96 ± 5.83 cm, 6.8 ± 2.38 % body fat) participated in the study. The tests consisted of four randomized protocols, the sessions consisted of AE followed by RE (AR), RE followed by AE (RA), circuit (CC) (ER and EA alternating intermittently) and control session (CO) (without exercise). AE was performed on a treadmill at 90% of indirect minimum lactate and RE was performed on a circuit at 90% of 12 RM, alternating muscle segments in six exercises. BP was measured in all protocols and post-exercise recovery period (PERP) every 15 minutes during one hour. Results showed a significant decrease in systolic blood pressure (SBP) at the 45th minute of recovery (R45) and one-hour mean values of the PERP in the RA protocol when compared to its value at rest. Diastolic and mean BP showed no significant differences. Thus, the RA session promoted a more accentuated decrease in SBP when compared to the other sessions.(AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Arterial Pressure , Exercise , Post-Exercise HypotensionABSTRACT
Objective: To evaluate the effects of 20 weeks of resistance and concurrent training on psychotic and depressive symptoms, quality of life outcomes, and serum IGF-1, IGFBP-3, and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) concentrations in patients with schizophrenia. Methods: In this blind, randomized controlled clinical trial, 34 patients with schizophrenia were assigned to one of three groups: control (CTRL, n=13), resistance exercise (RESEX, n=12), or concurrent exercise (CONCEX, n=9). Symptoms, quality of life, strength, and other variables were assessed. Results: A significant time-by-group interaction was found for the RESEX and CONCEX groups on the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) total score for disease symptoms (p = 0.007), positive symptoms (p = 0.003), and on the arm extension one-repetition maximum (1RM) test (p = 0.016). In addition, significant improvements on negative symptoms (p = 0.027), on the role-physical domain of the Short Form-36 Health Survey (p = 0.019), and on the chest press 1RM test (p = 0.040) were observed in the RESEX group. No changes were observed for the other variables investigated. Conclusions: In this sample of patients with schizophrenia, 20 weeks of resistance or concurrent exercise program improved disease symptoms, strength, and quality of life. ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT01674543.
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Exercise Therapy/methods , Resistance Training/methods , Schizophrenia/rehabilitation , Analysis of Variance , Antipsychotic Agents/therapeutic use , Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor/blood , /blood , Insulin-Like Growth Factor I/analysis , Muscle Strength/physiology , Quality of Life , Schizophrenia/physiopathology , Single-Blind Method , Time Factors , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the effect of concurrent exercise intervention in metabolic endotoxemia induced by high-fat diet in rats,and further understand the damage of liver mitochondrial ultramicrostructure.Methods Eighteen SD rats with the weight of 100g were randomly divided into 3 groups:group A (standard diet group),group B(high-fat diet group) and group C (treadmill-trained group with high-fat diet).Training (1 hour/d) initiated at the same time as the HF diet was fed.After being raised for 6 weeks,the rats was euthanized and weighed up.Blood samples were taken and the levels of serum lipid were detected.The levels of serum endotoxin were detected by enzyme-linked immunoadsorbent assay.The membrane potentials of isolated mitochondrion were detected by flow cytometry instrument and the morphologic changes in mitochondria in liver were observed by electronic microscopy.Results In group B,the levels of endotoxin increased significantly(2.916 ± 0.761 rs 5.454 ± 1.254,t =-4.236,P ＜ 0.05),and the liver mitochondrial density and membrane potential also increased significantly compared with group A after 6 weeks (4.330 ±0.501 vs 3.507 ±0.532,t =2.759,P ＜0.05;l.660 ±0.202 vs 0.473 ±0.064,t =13.712,P ＜0.05).But there was no markedly different in serum endotoxin between group B and group C (4.972 ± 1.757 vs 5.454 ± 1.254,t =-0.547,P ＞ 0.05).Compared with group B,the liver mitochondrial density of group C decreased significantly (4.330±0.501 vs 3.581 ±0.188,t =3.426,P ＜ 0.05).The mitochondrial ultrastructurctural changes in each group were not obvious.Conclusions The rats fed with high-fat diet for 6 weeks can reach the state of metabolic endotoxemia.The increasing levels of the liver mitochondrial membrane potential caused by metabolic endotoxin may affect the happening and development of other diseases in the future.Concurrent exercise can not decrease the level of endotoxin.It also shows that metabolic disease caused by high-fat diet should be prevented by moderation in eating and drinking.
ABSTRACT
O objetivo do presente estudo foi analisar o efeito da ordem de execução dos exercícios de força e aeróbio sobre o gasto energético total na sessão. Para isso, dez homens tiveram seu consumo de oxigênio medido continuamente durante as seguintes sessões: aeróbio-força (AF) e força-aeróbio (FA). O exercício aeróbio consistiu de 30 minutos de corrida na esteira a 90% da velocidade do limiar anaeróbio. A sessão de força foi composta de quatro exercícios, na qual os participantes realizavam três séries de 12 repetições a 70% de 1RM. A concentração de lactato sanguíneo [La] foi mensurada após cada exercício de força e nos minutos 10, 20 e 30 do exercício aeróbio. A [La] durante a execução do exercício aeróbio permaneceu maior (p < 0,05) na situação FA quando comparado com a AF aos 10 (FA = 5,1 ± 1,3mmol.l-1; AF = 3,2 ± 1,0mmol.l-1), 20 (FA = 4,2 ± 1,0mmol.l-1; AF = 3,0 ± 0,9mmol.l-1) e 30 minutos (FA = 3,9 ± 1,3mmol.l-1; AF = 3,4 ± 1,1mmol.l-1). O gasto energético total não diferiu entre as ordens de exercício (FA = 2.793 ± 811kJ; AF = 2.893 ± 903 kJ; p > 0,05), indicando que a ordem de execução não afetou significativamente o gasto energético.
The aim of present study was to analyze the effect of aerobic and strength exercises order on the total energy expenditure in an exercise session. Ten male subjects had their VO2 continuously measured during two sessions: aerobic-resistance (AR) and resistance-aerobic (RA) to estimate caloric expenditure. The aerobic session was a 30-min treadmill run at 90% of anaerobic threshold velocity. The strength exercise session had four exercises, where participants performed three sets of 12 repetitions at 70% of 1RM. Blood lactate concentration (LA) was measured after each strength exercise and at 10, 20 and 30 min during the aerobic exercise. LA during aerobic exercise was higher (p < 0.05) in RA order when compared to AR at 10 (RA = 5.1 ± 1.3 mmol.l-1; AR = 3.2 ± 1.0 mmol.l-1), 20 (RA = 4.2 ± 1.0 mmol.l-1; AR = 3.0 ± 0.9 mmol.l-1) and 30-min (RA = 3.9 ± 1.3 mmol. l-1; AR = 3.4 ± 1.1 mmol.l-1). Total caloric expenditure did not differ between exercise orders (RA = 2793 ± 811 kJ; AR = 2893 ± 903 kJ; p > 0.05), indicating that performance order did not affect energy expenditure.