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Objective:To analyze the psychological contract satisfaction of contracted residents and its impact on their behavioral intentions under the guidance of incomplete contract theory, for reference in improving the effectiveness of contracted family doctor services.Methods:1 100 contracted residents from nine townships/streets in Shandong province were selected as subjects according to stratified random sampling from September 2019 to June 2020, and a questionnaire survey on the level of satisfaction of contracted residents′ psychological contracts(24 items) and assessment of behavior intentions(9 items) was conducted, and the model of the effect of contracted residents′ psychological contracts on behavior intentions was established and analyzed. The correlation was validated by Pearson test and the structural equation method was used for verifying the model.Results:998 valid questionnaires were recovered. The psychological contract satisfaction score of the contracted residents was 3.45±0.56 and the behavioral intention was 2.81±0.29. Both transactional and relational psychological contracts were correlated with all dimensions of behavioral intention( P<0.01). Concerning the impacts of residents′ psychological contracts on behavioral intentions, the effect coefficients of transactional psychological contracts on loyalty intention, voice intention, exit intention and neglect intention were 0.33, 0.24, -0.25 and -0.49 respectively, with an indirect effect on neglect intention; the effect coefficients of relational psychological contracts on loyalty intention, voice intention, exit intention and neglect intention were 0.26, 0.10, -0.14 and -0.50 respectively, with an indirect effect on advice intention and neglect intention. Conclusions:Residents′ psychological contract has yet not been effectively satisfied. Satisfying and improving the residents′ psychological contract can directly enhance their loyalty intention and reduce their exit intention, indirectly influencing the voice and neglect intentions. In order to enhance the effectiveness of family doctor contracted services and improve the healthcare experience of contracted residents, it is suggested that the relevant departments should actively take the following measures, including carrying out a survey on the psychological contract of contracted residents, building a provincial-city-county-township collaborative linkage platform, and so on.
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Objective:To investigate the efficacy of personalized family doctor contract services on risk factors of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) in high-risk population.Methods:Ten matched-community health centers of Shenzhen Luohu district were divided into intervention group and control group by cluster randomiztion. Subjects with high risks of ASCVD were screened out as intervention group from contracted residents who visited these centers and had complete data of the China-PAR model from August 2018 to April 2019. The control group received conventional general family doctor contract services. The individualized management were given to the intervention group after fully understanding patients′ ideas, concerns, and expectations (ICE). After 2-year intervention, score changes of ASCVD risk factors within and between groups were compared.Results:A total of 571 patients were enrolled, including 288 in the intervention group and 283 in the control group. After 2 years of intervention, 7 and 18 were lost to follow-up in two groups, respectively. Finally, 281 in the intervention group and 265 in the control group were included in the study. At baseline, there was no significant difference in ASCVD scores between the intervention group and the control group [(13.33±3.54) vs. (13.09±3.54) points; t=0.84, P=0.403], and the scores in both groups decreased significantly after the intervention [(10.89±4.01), (11.62±4.11) points], while the intervention group decreased more significantly (both P<0.05). Among the risk factors at baseline, HDL-C and diastolic blood pressure in the intervention group were lower than those in the control group, and there were no significant differences in other factors between the two groups. After the intervention, the levels of total cholesterol, systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure in the two groups decreased significantly, and the number of people taking antihypertensive drugs increased significantly ( P<0.001 and P<0.05); HDL-C decreased in the control group ( P=0.023). After the intervention, compared to control group the intervention group had a higher proportion of patients taking antihypertensive drugs, with lower systolic and diastolic blood pressure ( P<0.05). After the intervention, the increase rate of HDL-C in the intervention group was more than that in the control group, and the decrease rate was less than that in the control group (χ 2=6.65, P=0.036). Conclusion:Family doctor contract services can reduce the risk factors of ASCVD, and personalized family doctor contract services can further improve the effects in the prevention and control of ASCVD. However, the effects might be insignificant and inconsistent for the ASCVD risk factors with deeper management requirements or no specific management measures, which highlights the complexity and diversity of ASCVD prevention and control, calling for multi-level and multi-faceted thinking and exploration.
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Objective To investigate the health-seeking behavior and related factors among hypertensive and diabetic patients contracting medical service in Beijing Fangzhuang Community Health Service Center.Methods By using stratified random sampling method, 830 contracted hypertensive and diabetic patients were selected in the study.A face to face questionnaire survey was conducted in Fangzhuang Community Health Service Center from November 2016 to January 2017.Total 800 questionnaires were completed, and the medical behavior and influencing factors of patients were analyzed.Results The first-contact rate of community for hypertensive and diabetic patients was 73.0%(584/800).The reasons for choosing community service were: near home(86.3%,690/800), shorter waiting time(71.4%, 571/800)and trust in doctors(50.3%, 402/800); while the reasons for not choosing community service were less drug varieties(76.1%, 609/800), poor facilities(32.1%,257/800)and lower technical level(11.4%, 91/800).Its influencing factors were: frequent need of accompanying for visit(χ2=5.719, P=0.012),family income(χ2=4.540,P=0.021),awareness of service scopes(χ2=64.668,P=0.000),purpose of service(χ2=19.234,P=0.000),frequency of doctor contact(χ2=9.367, P=0.001), the awareness of referral(χ2=5.736,P =0.011).Conclusion The community health service centers should take the advantage of easy access, short waiting time and patients′trust,at the same time should improve the service conditions and quality,so as to increase the first-contact rate for patients contracting medical service.
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RESUMO: Objetivo: analisar as características socioeconômicas, epidemiológicas e laborais dos trabalhadores terceirizados de uma universidade pública do sul de Minas Gerais. Método: estudo quantitativo, descritivo e transversal, desenvolvido entre dezembro de 2016 e fevereiro de 2017 com 316 trabalhadores terceirizados. Na coleta de dados, utilizou-se o questionário de caracterização e na análise dos dados, a estatística descritiva. Resultados: constatou-se trabalhadores do sexo feminino (54,4%), faixa etária de 30 a 39 anos (31,3%), casados/com companheiros (58,2%), com filhos (69,3%), renda familiar de 1,5 a 3,5 salários (51,6%), que não praticava atividades físicas (42,7%), não possuía doenças crônicas (69,9%), em serviços terceirizados há até 10 anos (81,3%), com carga horária de 44 horas semanais (84,4%) e atuação na atual instituição há menos de quatro anos (63,9%). Conclusão: conhecer o perfil desses trabalhadores permite a adoção de estratégias de promoção e prevenção capazes de melhorar a qualidade de vida laboral e social.
RESUMEN: Objetivo: Analizar las características socioeconómicas, epidemiológicas y laborales de los trabajadores tercerizados de una universidad pública del sur de Minas Gerais. Métodos: Estudio cuantitativo, descriptivo y transversal, desarrollado entre diciembre de 2016 y febrero de 2017 con 316 trabajadores tercerizados. Datos recolectados mediante cuestionario de caracterización, analizados mediante estadística descriptiva. Resultados: Se constató presencia de trabajadores de sexo femenino (54,4%), faja etaria de 30 a 39 años (31,3%), casados/en pareja (58,2%), con hijos (69,3%), ingreso familiar de 1,5 a 3,5 sueldos mínimos (51,6%), no practicantes de actividad física (42,7%), sin enfermedades crónicas (69,9%), trabajando como tercerizados desde no más de 10 años (81,3%), con carga horaria de 44 horas semanales (84,4%) y actuación en su actual institución durante menos de cuatro años (69,3%). Conclusión: Conocer el perfil de estos trabajadores permite adoptar estrategias de promoción y prevención apuntando a mejorar su calidad de vida laboral y social.
ABSTRACT: Objective: to analyze the socioeconomic, epidemiological and work characteristics of contract workers of a public university in the south of Minas Gerais. Method: quantitative, descriptive and cross-sectional study, performed between December 2016 and February 2017 with 316 contract workers. A characterization questionnaire was used for the data collection and descriptive statistics for the data analysis. Results: the profile found was of female workers (54.4%), in the 30 to 39 years age group (31.3%), married/with partner (58.2%), with children (69.3%), with a family income from 1.5 to 3.5 minimum wages (51.6%), that did not practice physical activities (42.7%), did not have chronic diseases (69.9%), had performed contract work for up to 10 years (81.3%), with a workload of 44 hours per week (84.4%) and that had worked in the current institution for less than four years (63.9%). Conclusion: identifying the profile of these workers allows the adoption of promotion and prevention strategies capable of improving the quality of the work and social life.
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Humans , Universities , Occupational Health , Nursing , Outsourced ServicesABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To determine what factors have a significant influence on the performance of medical device maintenance outsourcing, and to determine how the performance of external governance structures differs depending on whether a hospital is private or public. METHODS: This was a longitudinal study of 590 maintenance transactions at 20 hospitals in Bogotá, Colombia, involving 764 medical devices and 72 maintenance service providers. Maintenance performance data (i.e., turn-around time in hours; TAT) for the service providers (either in-house or outsourced) were primarily collected over a 20-month period, from December 2009-August 2011, by means of a monitoring procedure; then, a hazards model was run. RESULTS: The availability of specific repair parts, in-stock, in the city in which the medical devices were located, had a positive impact on the performance of both internal and external governance structures. Online service also had a positive impact on both, with a stronger positive impact on the performance of internal governance than on that of external governance. For transactions governed by external structures, better performance was seen in private hospitals than in public ones. In public health institutions, internal governance showed better performance than external governance. Both internal and external governance structures showed better performance in private healthcare institutions than in public ones. CONCLUSIONS: In public health institutions, internal governance shows better performance than external governance; this suggests that healthcare managers should reconsider the trend to eliminate in-house maintenance service staff in public healthcare institutions.
OBJETIVO: Establecer los factores que influyen significativamente en el desempeño del mantenimiento de los dispositivos médicos mediante contratación externa, y determinar cómo difiere el desempeño de las estructuras externas de gobernanza según un hospital sea privado o público. MÉTODOS: Se realizó un estudio longitudinal de 590 transacciones de mantenimiento en 20 hospitales de Bogotá (Colombia), que incluyeron 764 dispositivos médicos y 72 proveedores de servicio de mantenimiento. Por medio de un procedimiento de vigilancia, se recopilaron principalmente datos de desempeño del mantenimiento (es decir, el plazo de entrega en horas) por parte de los proveedores del servicio (ya fuera este interno o externalizado) durante un período de 20 meses, desde diciembre del 2009 a agosto del 2011; a continuación, se aplicó un modelo de riesgos. RESULTADOS: La disponibilidad de piezas de repuesto específicas en existencia en la misma ciudad en que se ubicaban los dispositivos médicos tuvo una repercusión positiva sobre el desempeño de ambas estructuras de gobernanza, la interna y la externa. El servicio en línea también tuvo una repercusión positiva en el desempeño de ambas estructuras; pero esta repercusión fue más intensa en el desempeño de la gobernanza interna que en el de la externa. En cuanto a las transacciones regidas por estructuras externas, se observó un mejor desempeño en los hospitales privados que en los públicos. En las instituciones de salud pública, la gobernanza interna mostró un mejor desempeño que la externa. Ambas estructuras de gobernanza mostraron un mejor desempeño en las instituciones de atención de salud privadas que en las públicas. CONCLUSIONES: En las instituciones de salud pública, la gobernanza interna muestra un mejor desempeño que la externa; ello indica que los gerentes de atención de salud deben reconsiderar la tendencia a eliminar al personal de los servicios de mantenimiento interno de las instituciones públicas de atención de salud.
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Equipment and Supplies , Maintenance and Engineering, Hospital , Outsourced Services , Colombia , Longitudinal Studies , Maintenance and Engineering, Hospital/statistics & numerical data , Outsourced Services/statistics & numerical dataABSTRACT
OBJETIVO: Analisar os mecanismos de microrregulação aplicados pelas operadoras de planos de saúde nas práticas de gestão da clínica e de qualificação assistencial em hospitais prestadores de serviços. MÉTODOS: Estudo transversal realizado em inquérito de abrangência nacional, cujo universo foi constituído pelos hospitais prestadores de serviços às operadoras de planos de saúde em 2006. Foi construída uma amostra de 83 unidades, estratificada segundo macrorregião do Brasil e tipo de hospital. Os dados foram obtidos por meio de aplicação de questionário em entrevista aos dirigentes dos hospitais. RESULTADOS: A microrregulação que as operadoras de planos de saúde exercem sobre os hospitais em termos da qualificação da assistência foi muito baixa ou quase nula. A atuação das operadoras foi majoritariamente destinada ao intenso controle da quantidade de serviços utilizados pelos pacientes. Os hospitais que prestavam serviços a operadoras de planos de saúde não constituíam micro-sistemas de saúde paralelos ou suplementares ao Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS). Observou-se que os prestadores hospitalares privados eram majoritariamente vinculados ao SUS. Entretanto, não pertenciam à rede alguma de prestadores privados, ainda que fossem objeto de forte regulação da utilização de seus serviços, exercida pelas operadoras de planos de saúde. A intervenção das operadoras de planos de saúde enquanto gestoras de sistemas de cuidado foi incipiente ou quase ausente. Aproximadamente a metade dos hospitais declarou adotar diretrizes clínicas, enquanto apenas 25,4 por cento afirmaram exercer a gestão da patologia e 30,5 por cento mencionaram a gestão dos casos. CONCLUSÕES: As relações contratuais entre hospitais e operadoras de planos de saúde se constituem em contratos meramente comerciais com pouca ou nenhuma incorporação de aspectos relativos à qualidade da assistência contratada, limitando-se, em geral, a aspectos como definição de valores, de prazos e procedimentos ...
OBJECTIVE: To analyze the mechanisms employed by health plan operators for microregulation of clinical management and health care qualification within care-providing hospitals. METHODS: A nation-wide cross-sectional study was carried out. The universe consisted of hospitals which provided care to health plan operators in 2006. A sample of 83 units was selected, stratified by Brazilian macroregion and type of hospital. Data were obtained by means of a questionnaire administered to hospital managers. RESULTS: Microregulation of hospitals by health plan operators was minimal or almost absent in terms of health care qualification. Operator activity focused predominantly on intense control of the amount of services used by patients. Hospitals providing services to health plan operators did not constitute health micro-systems parallel or supplementary to the Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS - Brazilian National Health System). The private care-providing hospitals were predominantly associated with SUS. However, these did not belong to a private care-provider network, even though their service usage was subject to strong regulation by health plan operators. Operator intervention in the form of system management was incipient or virtually absent. Roughly one-half of investigated hospitals reported adopting clinical directives, whereas only 25.4 percent reported managing pathology and 30.5 percent reported managing cases. CONCLUSIONS: Contractual relationships between hospitals and health plan operators are merely commercial contracts with little if any incorporation of aspects related to the quality of care, being generally limited to aspects such as establishment of prices, timeframes, and payment procedures.