Diagnostic value of cardiac magnetic resonance contrast medium perfusion and delayed contrast enhancement for early myocardial ischemia / 中国基层医药

Objective:To investigate the diagnostic value of cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) contrast medium perfusion and delayed contrast enhancement for early myocardial ischemia.Methods:Ninety-one patients with coronary artery stenosis diagnosed by coronary angiography (CAG) between March 2020 and March 2022 in Yiwu Central Hospital were included in this study. These patients underwent first-pass perfusion cardiac magnetic resonance imaging and delayed enhancement examination. Arrival time ( t0), accumulative signal intensity (ASI), relative peak enhancement rate (SI%), maximum intensity of signal enhancement (SIp), and maximum curve slope (α) were statistically analyzed in the CMR contrast agent normal-dose perfusion and low-dose perfusion segments. The diagnostic value of CMR contrast agent perfusion versus CAG for early myocardial ischemia was determined. The signal intensity was compared between enhanced and non-enhanced areas of CMR contrast agent perfusion. Results:There were significant differences in ASI, SI%, SIp, and Slope (α) between normal perfusion and low perfusion segments ( t = 9.62, 10.65, 8.67, 6.93, all P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the detection rate of lesioned vessels in early myocardial ischemia between CMR contrast agent perfusion and CAG [50.42% (120/238) vs. 51.68% (123/238), χ2 = 1.32, P = 0.163). There was a significant difference in the detection rate of lesioned vessels in myocardial ischemia between CMR contrast agent perfusion and CAG ( χ2 = 15.31, P < 0.001, r = 0.71). The signal intensity value in the delayed enhancement segment was significantly higher than that in the non-delayed enhancement segment [(598.43 ± 40.19) vs. (298.64 ± 70.58), t =19.85, P = 0.001). Conclusion:CMR contrast agent perfusion can effectively evaluate the severity of early myocardial ischemia and locate the diseased blood vessels. Delayed enhancement can determine the location and area of early myocardial ischemia, and can objectively reflect the severity of myocardial ischemia.

Clinical validation of the nursing diagnosis "Risk for delayed child development" / Validación clínica del diagnóstico de enfermería "Riesgo de retraso en el desarrollo infantil" / Validação clínica do diagnóstico de enfermagem "Risco de atraso no desenvolvimento infantil"

ABSTRACT Objective: To validate clinically the risk factors of the nursing diagnosis "Risk for delayed child development". Method: Cross-sectional quantitative study carried out in a specialty outpatient clinic and in family health units with 124 children. The data was collected through interviews with the children's guardians to investigate the risk factors for delay in child development. Results: The tested risk factors affected 108 of the evaluated children (87.1%). In the accuracy tests, most specificity values were above 80% and sensitivity values were lower than 30%. Most risk factors had odds ratio >1, three of which were noteworthy: genetic disorder (OR = 38, p < 0.05) and congenital disorder (OR = 4.4, p < 0.05), among child-related aspects, and impaired cognitive development in parents (OR = 27, p < 0.05), among caregiver-related aspects. Conclusion: The study contributed to a refined diagnostic accuracy, identifying potential associated factors of the evaluated diagnosis.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Realizar la validación clínica de los factores de riesgo del diagnóstico de enfermería "Riesgo de retraso en el desarrollo infantil". Método: Estudio transversal, cuantitativo, realizado en un ambulatorio de especialidades y en unidades de salud de la familia, con 124 niños. Los datos se recogieron a través de entrevistas con los tutores de los niños y se investigaron los factores de riesgo para el retraso en el desarrollo infantil. Resultados: Los factores de riesgo sometidos a prueba estuvieron presentes en 108 de los niños evaluados (87,1%). En las pruebas de precisión, la mayoría de los valores de especificidad fueron superiores al 80% y los valores de sensibilidad fueron inferiores al 30%. La mayoría de los factores de riesgo tenían odds ratio >1, con énfasis en tres: el trastorno genético (OR = 38, p < 0,05) y el trastorno congénito (OR = 4,4, p < 0,05), entre los aspectos relacionados con el niño, y el desarrollo cognitivo deficiente de los padres (OR = 27, p < 0,05), entre los aspectos de los cuidadores. Conclusión: El estudio contribuyó para el refinamiento de la precisión diagnóstica, identificando factores potencialmente asociados con el diagnóstico evaluado.

RESUMO Objetivo: Realizar a validação clínica dos fatores de risco do diagnóstico de Enfermagem "Risco de atraso no desenvolvimento infantil". Método: Estudo transversal, de abordagem quantitativa, realizado em um ambulatório de especialidades e em unidades de saúde da família, com 124 crianças. A coleta de dados ocorreu por meio de entrevistas com os responsáveis pelas crianças e investigou os fatores de risco para atraso no desenvolvimento infantil. Resultados: Os fatores de risco sob teste estiveram presentes em 108 crianças avaliadas (87,1%). Nos testes de acurácia, a maioria dos valores de especificidade foi acima de 80%, e os de sensibilidade, inferiores a 30%. A maioria dos fatores de risco teve odds ratio >1, com destaque para três: distúrbio genético (OR = 38, p < 0,05) e distúrbio congênito (OR = 4,4, p < 0,05), entre os aspectos relativos à criança, e o desenvolvimento cognitivo dos pais prejudicado (OR = 27, p < 0,05), entre os aspectos dos cuidadores. Conclusão O estudo contribuiu para o refinamento da acurácia diagnóstica, identificando fatores potencialmente associados ao diagnóstico avaliado.

Analysis of fetal chromosomal karyotypes in 1 160 pregnant women during the first trimester of gestation / 重庆医学

Objective To evaluate the value of chorionic villus cells karyotype analysis in prenatal diagnosis during the first tri-mester of pregnancy.Methods Pregnant women with prenatal diagnosis indications were punctured by guiding abdominal B-mode ultrasound to get villi tissue which was then to develop cell culture,chromosome preparation and karyotype analysis.Results A to-tal of 1 140 cases were successfully cultured,and the successful cultivating rate was 98.2% (1 140/1 160).Among them,chromo-somes of 62 cases were detected to be non-polymorphic structural abnormalities,including 32 abnormal chromosome number,5 chro-mosome balanced translocation,3 chromosome deletion,and 22 chimeras.What′s more,20 cases were detected to be chromosomal inversion,19 cases of chromosome 9 were inversion,and one with chromosome Y was inversion.Conclusion Karyotype analysis of villus cell could help to detect fetal chromosomal abnormalities during early pregnancy and get early intervention.It was significant to reduce the child′s birth with chromosome abnormalities.

Ferramentas no diagnóstico da hanseníase: o convencional e as inovações / Tools in diagnosis of leprosy: the conventional and innovations

A hanseníase é uma doença infecciosa, crônica, causada pelo Mycobacterium leprae, que afeta, em geral, a pele e os nervos periféricos. A neuropatia periférica é sua principal manifestação e responde pelo potencial da doença, em causar incapacidades e deformidades físicas. A hanseníase representa um grave problema de saúde pública, pois em regiões endêmicas a detecção de casos novos permanece relativamente estável. Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo apresentar as ferramentas convencionais e as inovações para o diagnóstico da hanseníase. Trata-se de uma revisão de literatura. Além do diagnóstico clínico, existem outras ferramentas convencionais para elucidação da hanseníase, tais como a baciloscopia, o teste cutâneo e o exame histopatológico. Uma das ferramentas inovadoras no diagnóstico da hanseníase é o teste sorológico, baseado na detecção de anticorpos específicos, quase universalmente positivos em pacientes MB, mas têm uma sensibilidade insuficiente para a definição diagnóstica em pacientes PB. Outra inovação é a técnica da PCR, método que vem revolucionando a prática da Biologia Molecular, usada para amplificar pequenas quantidades de DNA ou RNA. Existe ainda muitos espaços para novos testes diagnósticos que seriam necessários para a distinção entre indivíduos expostos/infectados e os que podem ter uma evolução ativa para a doença, permitindo um diagnóstico precoce e, assim, interrompendo sua cadeia de transmissão.

Imaging manifestations and treatment of uterine intravenous leiomyomatosis involving right heart / 第二军医大学学报

Objective To improve the diagnosis and therapy level of the uterine intravenous eiomyomatosis, we reported one case involving the right heart and reviewed the relative literatures.Methods and results The patient is 38 years old, she was admitted to hospital with fever, abdominal pain and chest tightness for one week in July 2010. She had a total hysterectomy owing to hysteromyoma in 2003. In July 2010, because she wanted a baby with the method of surrogate pregnancy, so she was injected medicine to stimulate follicle growth in the USA. The medicine was Li ShenBao injection, the total of 12d daily 3 branch (dose not stated). Afterward she couldn't stand fever, abdominal distension and chest tightness, she returned to China for treatment. After she was hospitalized, for diagnosis she got many image examination done, such as B-scan, CT, MRI and PET/CT. Result All image examination found that a massive solid and cystic tumor in the abdominal and pelvic cavity, left kidney hydrocele, ascites, and tumor embolus in the right atrium, inferior caval vein, left renal vein, also bilateral iliac vein. The thoracic-abdominal surgery was carried out, massive tumor was removed, also the tumor embolus in the right atrium and inferior caval vein. The pathological diagnosis was uterine intravenous leiomyomatosis. Conclusion Uterine intravenous leiomyomatosis is a rare disease, involving to heart case is seldomness. In recent years, the case increasing could be related with the usage count of sex hormone in Assisted Reproductive Technology. The imaging examination can give a confident diagnosis, and the final diagnosis depend on pathology. For treatment, surgery is the first choice, and must be thorough to prevent recurrence.

Retratamento de incisivo lateral superior com dois canais radiculares / Retreatment of the maxillary lateral incisor with two root canals

Para se alcançarem os objetivos do tratamento endodôntico, é necessário o conhecimento da anatomia interna dos dentes, uma vez que esta não reproduz exatamente a anatomia externa dos mesmos. Na literatura, incisivos laterais superiores mostram-se, na maioria dos casos, como elementos unirradiculares, com apenas um canal. Porém, existe a rara incidência de este dente apresentar mais de um canal radicular. Atualmente, o microscópio operatório vem sendo empregado em várias etapas do tratamento endodôntico, com a finalidade de facilitar a resolução de diferentes casos, como estes que apresentam variações anatômicas. Este trabalho relata o retratamento endodôntico de um incisivo lateral superior esquerdo, no qual a não localização de um segundo canal radicular levou ao insucesso do primeiro tratamento. Essa deficiência foi posteriormente suprida pela magnificação visual e aumento da luminosidade, proporcionada pelo microscópio operatório, sendo possível a completa sanificação do sistema de canais radiculares. Conclui-se que, além da necessidade do conhecimento e estudo sobre a anatomia interna, a microscopia operatória pode auxiliar na intervenção em dentes com variações anatômicas, assegurando um melhor prognóstico para o tratamento endodôntico

In order to provide endodontic treatment, it is imperative to know the internal anatomy of the tooth, since it is not exactly like the external anatomy. The literature shows that most of the maxillary lateral incisors are single-rooted and have just one root canal. However, in rare cases, there may be more than one root canal. Today, the dental operating microscope is used in many stages of an endodontic treatment to facilitate the resolution of unusual cases, such as these with anatomical variations. The aim of this study was to describe the endodontic retreatment of a left maxillary lateral incisor, in which a root canal left without appropriate treatment caused the first treatment to fail. This problem was solved with the magnification and lighting provided by the microscope, allowing complete sanitation of the root canals. In conclusion, in addition to allowing a better knowledge and study of the internal anatomy of the tooth, the dental operating microscope can help in the treatment of teeth with varied anatomies, ensuring a better prognosis for the endodontic treatment

Progress of medication in myocardial fibrosis / 中国临床药理学与治疗学

Myocardial fibrosis caused by various reasons (such as inf la mmatory, ischemia, hypertension) can induce the myocardial damage if the process continued. There is very progress in the research of the prevention and cure of myocardial fibrosis in present years. This paper summarizes the detection of my ocardial fibrosis in laboratory, and the progress and mechanisms of medication i n myocardial fibrosis.