Diagnóstico prenatal de un feto con doble trisomía con cariotipo 48 XXX +18: reporte de un caso / Prenatal diagnosis of a fetus with double trisomy with karyotype 48 XXX +18: A case report

Resumen ANTECEDENTES: El diagnóstico prenatal de doble aneuploidia es muy raro, incluso la variante de doble trisomía, que implica la expresion de los cromosomas 18 y X. CASO CLÍNICO: Paciente de 43 años, con antecedentes ginecoobstétricos de cuatro embarazos y tres partos, enviada de su centro de salud, en curso del cuarto embarazo. A su ingreso al Hospital de la Mujer, el estudio ecográfico reportó un embarazo de 24.3 semanas de gestación, con feto único, clinodactilia, miembro pélvico derecho con pie equino varo, probable atresia esofágica (ausencia de cámara gástrica, polihidramnios) y cordón umbilical con arteria única. Se estableció el diagnóstico de doble trisomía (48XXX +18) mediante estudio citogenético en líquido amniótico. En la semana 34 acudió al servicio de Urgencias con trabajo de parto en periodo expulsivo y ausencia de vitalidad fetal. La pareja no aceptó el estudio anatomopatológico. CONCLUSION: El diagnóstico prenatal de doble trisomía es raro de establecer en el segundo trimestre del embarazo; su detección oportuna proporciona información valiosa para establecer el pronóstico fetal y ofrecer asesoría genética adecuada. Este caso quizá corresponde al primero documentado en México y el quinto en todo el mundo, diagnosticado mediante estudio citogenético.

Abstract BACKGROUND: Prenatal diagnosis of double trisomy is rare, particular uncommon simultaneous occurrence of double trisomy involving chromosomes 18 and X. CLINICAL CASE: A 43-year-old patient, with a gyneco-obstetric history of four pregnancies and three deliveries, sent from her health center during the fourth pregnancy. Upon admission to the Women's Hospital, the ultrasound study reported a pregnancy of 24.3 weeks of gestation, with a single fetus, clinodactyly, right pelvic member with equinus varus foot, probable esophageal atresia (absence of gastric chamber, polyhydramnios), and umbilical cord. with a single artery. The diagnosis of double trisomy (48XXX +18) was established by cytogenetic study in amniotic fluid. In the week 34, she went to the Emergency Department with labor in the expulsive period and absence of fetal vitality. The couple did not accept the anatomopathological study. CONCLUSION: Prenatal diagnosis of double trisomy is rare in the second trimester of pregnancy, its detection is important because it provides valuable information to establish the fetal prognosis and provide adequate genetic counseling. This case is relevant because it is probably the first documented in Mexico and the fifth internationally diagnosed prenatally by cytogenetic study.

A rare double trisomy 47,XXX/48,XXX,+8 combined Behcet disease:A case report and review of literature / 临床儿科杂志

Objective To investigate the characteristics and essential points of diagnosis and treatment of double trisomy 47,XXX/48,XXX,+8 combined Behcet disease, a rare inherited immunodeficiency disorder. Methods The clinical manifestations, karyotype analysis and gene test results of the patients were analyzed, and relevant literatures were reviewed. Results A 11-year-old girl presented repeated fever for more than 6 years, accompanied with recurrent genital herpes infection and oral apthosis, was clinically diagnosed with Behcet disease. Cytogentic and molecular karyotyping on peripheral lymphocytes demonstrated 47,XXX[12]/48,XXX,+8[18]. Conclusions Conventional karyotype analysis and chromosomal microarray analysis have a complementary role in the diagnosis of the disease. We conclude that patients with constitutional trisomy 8 and those with trisomy 8 confined to the bone marrow are both at increased risk of developing features of Behcet disease. The mechanism may relate to increased gene dosage of candidate genes for Behcet's disease on chromosome 8.

Doble aneuploidía (trisomía X, trisomía 18) en una recién nacida con fenotipo de trisomía 18 / Double aneuploidy (trisomy x, trisomy 18) in a newborn with trisomy 18 phenotype

Se presenta el caso de una recién nacida con una doble trisomía, con complemento cromosómico 48,XXX,+18, con fenotipo de síndrome de Edwards (trisomía 18). Las características clínicas fueron restricción del crecimiento intrauterino, facies dismórfca, mano con sobreposición de dedos, comunicación interventricular, estenosis pulmonar y pie equinovaro izquierdo. Se realiza una revisión de la bibliografía y discusión de los casos previamente comunicados.

We report the case of a newborn girl with a double trisomy, with a chromosome complement 48,XXX,+18, with Edwards syndrome phenotype (trisomy 18). The clinical feature included intrauterine growth retardation, dysmorphic facies, hand with overlapping fngers, ventricular septal defect, pulmonary stenosis and left clubfoot. A review of the literature and discussion of previously reported cases is made.

A Rare Case of Double Trisomy Mosaicism: 47,XXX/47,XX,+8

Double trisomy mosaicism of two different cell lines is extremely rare, particularly those that involve constitutional trisomy 8. We report a case of 47,XXX/47,XX,+8 in a 12-year-old female presenting with several skeletal anomalies. She exhibited distinct phenotypic features such as tall stature, deviation of the left middle finger, webbing of both thumbs and flexion deformities of the both third and fifth distal intermediate phalanges. A mild impulse-control disorder was observed, without mental retardation. Chromosomal and fluorescence in situ hybridization analysis demonstrated double trisomy mosaicism both on lymphocytes and buccal epithelial cells.

Down syndrome child with 48,XXY,+21 karyotype.

Cytogenetic analysis in 60 clinically suspected cases of Down syndrome and their parents was carried out using conventional Giemsa-trypsin-banding technique. Fifty-five individuals (91%) exhibited a free trisomy 21. Robertsonian translocations were seen in three cases and two cases exhibited a normal karyotype. A four-month-old child, the second-born of non-consanguineous parents, possessed an extra X chromosome in addition to trisomy 21. The proband's parents and his brother showed a normal karyotype. The phenotypic characteristics of this child have been discussed in the light of the published reports on double aneuploidies of XXY and trisomy 21.