ABSTRACT
RESUMEN Fundamento: El perfeccionamiento de la extensión universitaria, como proceso sustantivo de la educación superior cubana, carece de mecanismos que evalúen su desarrollo como proceso. Objetivo: Proponer indicadores que faciliten la evaluación del proceso de extensión universitaria a partir de la gestión de comunicación educativa. Metodología: Se utilizaron métodos teóricos y empíricos, los que, combinados desde un enfoque dialéctico materialista permitieron la recogida y el procesamiento de la información en una muestra seleccionada de estudiantes y profesores de la Facultad de Humanidades de la Universidad José Martí, así como miembros de otras instituciones y vecinos de la comunidad cercana a la universidad. Resultados: Se aportaron indicadores que facilitan la evaluación de la extensión universitaria como proceso. Conclusiones: La propuesta constituye una útil herramienta, enfocada en alcanzar la complementariedad de las acciones y la articulación de cada uno de los elementos que componen el proceso extensionista.
ABSTRACT Background: The improvement of university extension, as a substantive process of Cuban higher education lacks mechanisms to evaluate its development as a process. Objective: To propose indicators those facilitate the evaluation of the university extension process from the management of educational communication. Methodology: Theoretical and empirical methods were used which combined from a dialectical materialist approach allowed the collection and processing of information in a selected sample of students and professors from the Faculty of Humanities at José Martí Pérez University of Sancti Spíritus (UNISS), as well as members of some other institutions and neighbors from the community near the university. Results: The Indicators that facilitate the evaluation of the university extension as a process were provided. Conclusions: This proposal constitutes a useful tool, focused on achieving the complementarity of actions and the articulation of each of the elements that compose the extension process.
Subject(s)
Community-Institutional Relations , UniversitiesABSTRACT
Se plasmaron algunos aspectos relacionados con las características de la comunicación educativa-docente en la enseñanza médica, la cual constituye un término totalmente aceptado en los medios científico-pedagógicos porque refleja una realidad imposible de soslayar: la importancia decisiva que adquiere la relación docente profesor-alumno dentro del proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje en particular, para el cumplimiento de los objetivos de la educación. Se puntualizó sobre las guías psicoeducativas en las enseñanza médica, las cuales constituyen materiales educativos que parten del diagnóstico de las necesidades pedagógicas, para orientar y educar sobre maneras más eficaces de actuar ante determinadas problemáticas. Se plantearon algunas consideraciones metodológicas sobre ellas. A manera de conclusión, se hacen recomendaciones de carácter general y específico que permitan una preparación y actuación exitosas durante el ejercicio por parte del aspirante, y un desempeño más homogéneo por parte de los tribunales constituidos durante este proceso, que se desarrolla cada año en las universidades médicas del país.
Some aspects related to the characteristics of the educational-teaching communication in the field of medical education were reflected and this is a term wholly accepted in the pedagogic scientific media because it shows a reality that cannot be ignored, that is, the decisive importance of the professor-student relationship within the process of teaching/learning process with a view to fulfilling the educational objectives. Emphasis was made on the psychoeducational guidelines in the medical education which represent educational materials based on the diagnosis of pedagogic requirements and aimed at guiding and educating about the most effective ways of behaving to face certain situations. Some methodological considerations were stated in relation to these materials. Some general and specific recommendations are made to encourage successful preparation and performance during the candidate's practice and a more homogeneous performance of the boards of examiners for this process that is yearly implemented in the medical universities of the country.
Subject(s)
Communication , Education, Medical , Faculty, Medical , Epidemiology, DescriptiveABSTRACT
Este artigo analisa, a partir da programação das rádios comunitárias "8 de Dezembro", situada na cidade de Vargem Grande Paulista, e "Cantareira", na Vila Brasilândia, município de São Paulo, e dos discursos de seus ouvintes, como ocorre a comunicação de riscos sanitários inerentes ao campo da vigilância sanitária e qual é a influência sobre seus ouvintes. Foram analisados documentos produzidos pela rádio sobre saúde e vigilância sanitária e realizadas entrevistas qualiquantitativas com 106 ouvintes. Utilizou-se a metodologia do discurso do sujeito coletivo (DSC), que une o aspecto qualitativo ao quantitativo da pesquisa. Posteriormente os dados foram tabulados com a ajuda do software Qualiquantsoft. Concluiu-se que as rádios comunitárias podem ser um espaço de comunicação em saúde pública, por meio de processos educomunicativos, ou seja, podem ter um papel educativo sobre a população, estimulando a comunicação de riscos sanitários de forma mais eficiente e democrática. Na educomunicação, a recepção é crítica e interage com a emissão, ressignificando a mensagem a partir das experiências de vida local, social, cultural, educacional, religiosa etc.
This paper aims to analyze how the communication of public health risks takes place and the influence of these messages on the listener's lives, through community broadcasting ("8 de Dezembro" located in Vargem, Grande Paulista-SP and "Cantareira", located in Vila Brasilandia, Sao Paulo-SP) using statements by their listeners. Documents produced by the broadcasters on health and health surveillance and quali-quantitative interviews with 106 listeners were analyzed. Collective-Subject-Discourse (CSD), which combines the qualitative and quantitative aspects of research was the methodology used. Next, the data were tabulated using Qualiquantsoft software. It was concluded that community radio can be a space for communication on public health, using edu-communicative processes, i.e., it may play an educational role in the community, encouraging the communication of health risks in an efficient and democratic way. In edu-communication, reception is critical and interacts with the broadcast, giving the message new meaning based on experiences of local, social, cultural, educational and religious life, among others.
Subject(s)
Access to Information , Communication , Right to Health , Health Education , Mass Media , Health Risk , Public Health , Health Surveillance , Communication , Evaluation Studies as Topic , Qualitative Research , Quality of LifeABSTRACT
Se presenta el diseño e implementación de una estrategia de comunicación educativa dirigida a la población del Consejo Popular "Pueblo Nuevo", en la ciudad de Holguín, Cuba, con el objetivo de contribuir a la gestión ambiental de las aguas subterráneas, elevar el nivel de conocimiento y concientización sobre el uso y manejo del recurso agua, disminuir los índices de enfermedades de transmisión hídrica y mejorar la calidad de vida de la población. Esta problemática fue identificada en investigaciones realizadas con anterioridad y se corroboró a través de un diagnóstico realizado en el 2009, que comprendió el período de análisis desde el 2006, sobre la base de observaciones, encuestas y entrevistas, en las que se señaló el mal manejo de las aguas producido por el desconocimiento de la población, y las graves consecuencias que esto trae para la salud y el medio ambiente. La implementación se llevó a efecto en el período 2010 - 2011, y luego de evaluada se observaron conductas positivas y una disminución de las enfermedades de transmisión hídrica en la población de dicho Consejo Popular.
With the aim to contribute to the environmental management of underground waters, to raise the level of knowledge and awareness on the wise use and management of this natural resource, to diminish the incidence of water transmitted diseases and to improve the life quality of people, is presented a design and implementation of an educational communication strategy addressed to the people from Pueblo Nuevo Popular Council at Holguín city, Cuba. This problem was identified in investigations carried out previously and it was corroborated through a diagnosis carried out in 2009 base on a period of analysis from 2006, on the base of observations, surveys and interviews, in those that was pointed out, a wrong management of the waters due to the lack of population's awareness, and the serious consequences that this brings for health and the environment. The implementation was carried out from 2010 to 2011 and after the evaluation; a positive responsible behaviour and a decrease of water transmitted diseases were observed in the population of this Popular Council.
ABSTRACT
Neste artigo, elegemos como eixo de discussão a comunicação na escola, em particular a que, aparentemente, não estaria em situação de trabalho - as interações realizadas na sala de professores, onde os profissionais se encontram nos intervalos. A partir do funcionamento do quadro-mural, o que se busca polemizar são as relações entre os profissionais e os sentidos do trabalho. A perspectiva é a de colocar em análise os dispositivos de comunicação, atentando para os efeitos produzidos em um regime de verdade que autoriza uma maneira de trabalhar docente que fortalece a exclusão de alunos e profissionais na sua capacidade de gestão das práticas. Iniciamos por situar o leitor na problemática e no referencial adotado, passando à polemização dos conceitos de trabalho, saúde e produção de conhecimento e trazendo o quadro-mural como analisador dos processos. Por fim, evidenciamos as derivas e outros possíveis na formação.
In this article we elected communication at school as the discussion focus, in particular the one which apparently would not be held at work situation - the teachers' room interactions, where teachers meet during the break. From the way the notice board is used we intend to engage in a controversy about the relations between the professionals and the meanings of work. The perspective is to analyze the communication devices holding attention to the produced effects in a truth regime that authorizes a way of working which increases the exclusion of students and teachers in their ability on practice management. First of all we will situate the reader in the problematic and reference adopted. Then, we will go through the controversy of work, health and knowledge production concepts, bringing the notice board as a processes analyzer. Finally, we will point out leeways and other formation possibilities.
ABSTRACT
Desde el curso 2004-2005 se comenzó a transformar la forma organizativa de enseñanza conferencia en las asignaturas básicas biomédicas, al utilizar videos VHS, a partir del curso 2007-2008, videos digitales como medios en las llamadas conferencias orientadoras. Sin embargo, existe un educador en el aula, llamado facilitador y no se ha estudiado suficientemente el modelo comunicacional aplicado. A partir del estudio de los medios usados en las conferencias de ciencias básicas biomédicas del primer año de Medicina, en el presente trabajo se propone, al analizar posibles recomendaciones para una mejoría cualitativa, un modelo comunicacional para la interacción entre el profesor del video, el educador en el aula y los estudiantes. Se concluye que este modelo tiene importancia teórico-práctica para diseñar estrategias de trabajo en colectivo en la forma organizativa de la enseñanza videoclase supliendo aquellos aspectos con dificultades de comunicación a partir de reflexiones grupales posconferencia inmediata, guiados por el facilitador, así como actividades de relación interalumnos en la clase, mientras se mejoran las dificultades en los medios, y después que se perfeccionen, para aumentar la comunicación educador-estudiante-profesor de video clases en dicha forma organizativa.
The 2004-2005 academic year witnessed the changes in the organization of the lecturing teaching in basic biomedical subjects with the introduction of VHS videos; and in the 2007-2008 academic year, the digital video began to be used in the so-called guiding conferences. However, there is an educator in the classroom, who is called facilitator and the applied communicative model has not been thoroughly studied. On the basis of the study of the teaching aids in the basic biomedical sciences lectures delivered in the first year of the medical career, the present paper was intended to analyze possible recommendations for qualitative improvement and for a communicative model in which the video professor, the classroom educator and the students will interact. It was concluded that this model is important from a theoretical-practical viewpoint to design collective working strategies within the video class teaching organization, thus solving those aspects with communicative difficulties through facilitator-guided group reflections immediately after the lectures as well as activities for encouraging interactions among students in class; also the difficulties in the audiovisual aids must be overcome, and after this, the communication among educator, student and video professor should be enhanced.