ABSTRACT
Objective: To study the chemical constituents of Empetrum nigrum var. japonicum. Methods: The chemical constituents were isolated by silica gel column chromatography and HPLC, and its structure was identified by their spectral data and physicochemical properties analysis. Results: Twenty-two compounds were isolated from ethyl acetate extracts of E. nigrum var. japonicum with the structures identified as 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid (1), 3-methoxy-4-hydroxybenzoic acid (2), methyl-3,4-dihydroxybenzoate (3), dihydroconiferyl alcohol (4), (6S,9R)-vomifoliol (5), (6R,9R)-9-hydroxy-3-one-α-ionol (6), phenylpropionic acid (7) quercetin-3-O-(6″-benzoyl)-β-D-galactoside (8), daucosterol (9), quercetin-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (10), phenylpropyl-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (11), maslinic acid (12), rutinum (13), quercetin-3-O-β-D-galactoside (14), benzyl-(6-O- α-L-arabinofuranosyl)-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (15), cinnamol-O-(6-O-α-L-arabinopyranosyl)-β-D-glucopyranoside (16), quercetin-3- O-neohesperidoside (17), kaempferol-3-O-neohesperidoside (18), 2α,3β-dihydroxyurs-12-en- 28-oic acid (19), foliachinenoside A2 (20), kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside (21) and isorhamnetin-3-O-rutinoside (22). Conclusion: Compounds 1-6, 8, 11-13, 15-22 were isolated from E. nigrum var. japonicum for the first time.
ABSTRACT
Objective To study the chemical constituents of the whole herbs of Empetrum nigrum var. japonicum. Methods Compounds were isolated from n-hexane fraction in the methanol extract from the whole herbs of E. nigrum var. japonicum by silica gel column chromatography and HPLC. Their structures were identified by analysis on their spectral data. Results Twelve compounds were isolated and identified as nigrum-3β,21,22-triol (1), 21,22-dihydroxynigrum-3-one (2), 21β-hydroxynigrum-22 (29)-en-3-one (3), acetyl epirfriedelanol (4), friedelin (5), epirfriedelanol (6), friedelanol (7), nigrum-21-en-3-one (8), uvaol (9), 24-methylenecycoartanol (10), β-amyrin (11), and ursonic acid (12). Conclusion Compounds 1—2 are new compounds named as nigrumtriol A and nigrumone B. Compounds 3—7 and 9—11 are isolated from the plants for the first time.
ABSTRACT
Objective: To study the chemical constituents from the ethyl acetate extract fraction of 70% ethanol extract in the aerial parts of northeastern crowberry (Empetrum nigrum var. japonicum) and their effect on the alcohol fatty liver (AFL) of rats, and to provide the scientific basis for the use and development of the northeastern crowberry. Methods: Chromatography separation technology and spectral analysis technology were used for the separation, purification, structure analysis, and identification. AFL model of SD rats was induced by 45% ethanol. To observe the effect of ethyl acetate extract in northeastern crowberry on the liver index, serology, and liver tissue homogenates in AFL of rats. Results: Eight compounds were isolated and identified as β-sitosterol (1), ursolic acid (2), uvaol (3), 2',4'-dihydroxy dihydrochalcone (4), 2',4'-dihydroxy chalcone (5), 7-hydroxy flavone (6), 4'-methoxy-2'-hydroxyl-dihydroxy chalcone (7), and isoliquiritigenin (8). Compared with the model group, giving the ethyl acetate extract of northeastern crowberry could decrease the liver index of rats, reduce serum lipid metabolism of TG, TC, reduce the serum enzyme ALT, AST, liver homogenate in oxidative stress, and increase the activities of SOD and GSH. Conclusion: Compounds 1-4, and 6-8 are isolated from E. nigrum var. japonicum for the first time. The effect of ethyl acetate extract in E. nigrum var. japonicum on AFL of rats is obvious.
ABSTRACT
Objective: To study the chemical constituents from Empetrum nigrum var. japonicum. Methods: Compounds were isolated from n-hexane fraction in the industrial methanol extract from E. nigrum var. japonicum by silica gel column chromatography and HPLC. The structures of the chemical constituents were identified by analysis on their spectral data. All the isolated compounds were evaluated using relevant in vitro antitumor assay against HeLa cell lines. Results: Six compounds were isolated from n-hexane fraction in the ethanol extract from E. nigrum var. japonicum and identified as 2',5'-dihydroxy-3'-methoxy-4',6'-dimethyl-dihydrochalcone (1), 4',5'-dihydroxy-2'-methoxy-3',6'-dimethyl-dihydrochalcone (2), 2',4'-dihydroxy-dihydrochalcone (3), 2',4'-dihydroxy-chalcone (4), 2'-methoxy-4'-hydroxy-dihydrochalcone (5), and 2',4',β-trihydroxy-dihydrochalcone (6). Conclusion: Compounds 1 and 2 are new compounds, compounds 5 and 6 are obtained from the plants for the first time. Compound 6 exhibits the inhibitory activity.
ABSTRACT
Objective: To study the chemical constituents from the herbs of Empetrum nigrum var. japonicum. Methods: The compounds were isolated and purified by silica gel, MCI gel, Sephadex LH-20 column chromatographies, semi-preparative HPLC, and their structures were mainly elucidated on the basis of physicochemical characteristics and spectral analysis. Results: Twelve compounds were isolated from 95% EtOH extract of E. nigrum var. japonicum, and were identified as 3β-hydroxy-nigrum-21-en (1), 4'-hydroxy-α, β-dihydrochalcone-2'-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (2), 5-(2-phenylethyl)-3-hydroxyphenol-1-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (3), 2', 4'-dihydroxy-chalcone (4), 2'-methoxy-4'-hydroxy-α, β-dihydrochalcone (5), phenylpropionic acid (6), cinnamyl alcohol (7), quercetin (8), (-)-epicatechin (9), quercetin-3-O-α-L-arabinoside (10), hyperoside (11), and 8-methoxyquercetin-3-glucoside (12), respectively. Conclusion: Compound 1 is a new triterpenoid and compound 2 is a new dihydrochalcone.