Prevalencia de dispepsia funcional en adolescentes cubanos / Prevalence of Functional Dyspepsia in Cuban Adolescents

Resumen Introducción: los trastornos digestivos funcionales son frecuentes en niños; sin embargo, hay escasos datos sobre la dispepsia funcional (DF) en adolescentes cubanos. Objetivo: determinar la prevalencia de DF en adolescentes cubanos y sus posibles asociaciones. Metodología: se usó el cuestionario para síntomas digestivos pediátricos de Roma IV en español para identificar la presencia de DF en adolescentes de 3 centros escolares de La Habana, Cuba. Se tuvieron en cuenta variables sociodemográficas, personales, familiares, clínicas y epidemiológicas. Resultados: de los 318 adolescentes que participaron en el estudio, 11 adolescentes (3,5 %) de 11,4 ± 1,2 años de edad, 81,8 % de sexo femenino, presentaron DF. La DF fue más frecuente en el sexo femenino (odds ratio [OR]: 5,33; intervalo de confianza [IC] 95 %: 1,06-51,45; p = 0,019). El síndrome de dificultad posprandial (SDP) fue mayor que el síndrome de dolor epigástrico (SDE) en una proporción 1,8:1. En el 63,6 % se presentó superposición entre DF y estreñimiento funcional. Hubo predominio de DF en los niños con padres separados/divorciados (OR: 4,74; IC 95 %: 1,09-28,31; p = 0,014). Conclusión: la DF es más común en adolescentes femeninas, el SDP es el subtipo más frecuente y su presencia está asociada con padres separados/divorciados.

Abstract Introduction: functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGID) are common in children. However, data on functional dyspepsia (FD) in Cuban adolescents is scarce. Objective: to determine the prevalence of FD in Cuban adolescents and their possible associations. Methodology: the questionnaire for pediatric digestive symptoms of Rome IV was used in Spanish to identify the presence of DF in adolescents from 3 schools in La Havana, Cuba. Sociodemographic, personal, family, clinical, and epidemiological variables were considered. Results: of the 318 adolescents who participated in the study, 11 (3.5%) aged 11.4 ± 1.2 years, 81.8% female, presented FD. Functional dyspepsia was more frequent in females (odds ratio [OR]: 5.33; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.06-51.45; p = 0.019). The postprandial distress syndrome (PDS) was higher than the epigastric pain syndrome (SDE) by a 1.8:1 ratio. There was an overlap between DF and functional constipation in 63.6% of the patients. There was an FD predominance in children with separated or divorced parents (OR: 4.74; 95% CI: 1.09-28.31; p = 0.014). Conclusion: functional dyspepsia is most common in female adolescents, PSD is the most frequent subtype, and its presence is associated with separated or divorced parents.

A case series on gastro intestinal stromal tumors at various sites

Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) represent only 0.1 to 3% of all gastrointestinal malignances. They are neoplasms with varying malignant potential ranging from virtually indolent tumors to rapidly progressing tumors. GISTs harbor an activating mutation in either kit or platelet derived growth Factor A (PDGTKA). Confirmation of diagnosis was mainly made by immunohistochemistry. We encountered 3 cases of GISTs with varying presentation. First one was a case of chronic abdominal pain for which the patient was evaluated and found to have mesenteric GIST and was operated electively after thorough work up. Second one presented as a case of acute abdomen. There was a small bowel gist causing intraluminal obstruction. The third one was a case of epigastric pain with recent episode of hemetemesis and malena for which she was evaluated with upper Gastro intestinal scopy and found to have gastric gist with low malignant potential. Patient underwent elective wide local excision of tumor with follow-up.

Medication regularities of traditional Chinese medicine formulas for six kinds of pains by data-mining approach / 中国中药杂志

To study and compare the medication regularities of traditional Chinese medicine formulas(TCMFs) for the six kinds of pains,namely abdominal pain,headache,epigastric pain,hypochondriac pain,heartache and backache,using a data-mining approach,in order to provide reference for relevant studies for the compatibility mechanism and new compound development of related TCMFs. A total of 2 443 TCMFs for pains were collected from the Dictionary of Chinese Medicine Prescriptions,and analyzed using the Apriori algorithm based on three indicators,namely confidence,lift and support,so as to study pivotal traditional Chinese medicines(TCMs) for each pain and their compatibility regularities. The results showed that deficiency tonifying medicines(such as Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma and Angelicae Sinensis Radix),Qi-regulating medicines(like Aucklandiae Radix) and blood circulation promoting medicines(like Chuanxiong Rhizoma) were commonly used TCMs for pains. However,there were many differences between drugs for various kinds of pains. For example,Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex was used frequently for abdominal pain and epigastric pain,while Saposhnikoviae Radix was used frequently for headache. The latent association rules with significant lift included Carthami Flos → Angelicae Sinensis Radix for abdominal pain,Astragali Radix → Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma for headache,Hordei Fructus Germinatus → Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium for epigastric pain,Gentianae Radix et Rhizoma → Bupleuri Radix for hypochondriac pain,and Caryophylli Flos → Moschus for backache. This study showed that based on the TCMFs from the Dictionary of Chinese Medicine Prescriptions,the data-mining approach can reveal the differences and similarities in the use of TCMs for the six kinds of pains,and discover the latent composition regularities of relevant TCMs.

From the "WANG Zhongqi Cases" to Analyse WANG Zhongqi Kuxin Method Experience / 浙江中医药大学学报

[Objective] From the five aspects of WANG Zhongqi medical case, such as Qi syndrome, vomiting, cough, epigastric pain, wet temperature and so on, WANG Zhong Qi's bitterness in the treatment of various diseases, in order to learn and inherit the essence of WANG's academic thought and the characteristics of clinical diagnosis and treatment. [Methods] On the basis of the medical case contained in "WANG Zhongqi's Medical Cases", combined with classic treatise and academic thought of "Neijing", "Treatise on Typhoid Fever", ZHANG Jingyue, LI Dongyuan, YE Guangxi and WANG Zhongqi, this paper illustrates WANG's experience in the treatment of disease with "bitterness method" and analyzes the characteristics of the diagnosis and treatment. [Results] WANG inherited the experience and understanding of ZHANG Zhongjing, YE Tianshi and other doctors in the use of the method of bitterness, but didn't learn without change, depression causing Qi stagnation and bitter opening the pivot; Qi reverse vomiting, bitter descending pungent openning and promoting Qi function; cough of Qi inverse, pungent and bitter having catharsis to purge the lung Qi; for epigastric stomach pain, bitterness regulating middle warmer; damp heat diffusing, light bitter micro pungent regulating Qi function. [Conclusion] WANG's referred to "Neijing", Zhongjing, Dongyuan and YE Gui and had many innovations and flexible methods. It is worthy of further study to apply the method of bittern to the treatment of a variety of dysfunctional diseases of Qi, through the effect of the gasification and blood flow for regulating Qi function, to remove the pathogenic pathogenic factors in the body.

Construction of mathematical model of Xin’an Wang’s internal medicine in treatment of epigastric pain based on data mining technology / 中草药

To establish mathematical model of Xin’an Wang’s internal medicine for treating epigastric pain through the data mining technique, and provide a more sufficient scientific basis for systematically discussing the rule of traditional Chinese medicines in treating epigastric pain. From the “Wang Zhongqi case” and “Wang Renzhi case”, outpatient medical records of Professor Letao Wang and Professor Jian Wang were used to select 310 cases of medical records in the diagnosis and treatment of epigastric pain according to inclusion criteria. Then we extracted the information of prescription, symptoms and signs, and established “information database of Xin’an Wang’s medical cases of internal medicine for treating epigastric pain”. Using frequency analysis, calculation of high-frequency drugs, and application of IBM Modeler 14.1 by SPSS Apriori algorithm for correlation analysis to extract the core prescription and then establish the mathematical model of Wang’s doctors treating epigastric pain. Wang’s doctors in Xin’an often treat the stomach and spleen with the same treatment of liver and spleen. Wang’s physician treated epigastric pain with both liver and spleen. Wang’s physician assisted the spleen with Tongyang method, or relieved phlegm, dredged liver and Qi to Tongyang, or Xinwen Sanhan to Tongyang, or Jianpi Huashi to Tongyang, or Huoxue Xingqi to Tongyang and Huoxue Sanjie method and Huoxue Huayu method.

Regional Brain Activity During Rest and Gastric Water Load in Subtypes of Functional Dyspepsia: A Preliminary Brain Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Functional dyspepsia (FD) remains a great clinical challenge since the FD subtypes, defined by Rome III classification, still have heterogeneous pathogenesis. Previous studies have shown notable differences in visceral sensation processing in the CNS in FD compared to healthy subjects (HS). However, the role of CNS in the pathogenesis of each FD subtype has not been recognized. METHODS: Twenty-eight FD patients, including 10 epigastric pain syndrome (EPS), 9 postprandial distress syndrome (PDS), and 9 mixed-type, and 10 HS, were enrolled. All subjects underwent a proximal gastric perfusion water load test and the regional brain activities during resting state and water load test were investigated by functional magnetic resonance imaging. RESULTS: For regional brain activities during the resting state and water load test, each FD subtype was significantly different from HS (P < 0.05). Focusing on EPS and PDS, the regional brain activities of EPS were stronger than PDS in the left paracentral lobule, right inferior frontal gyrus pars opercularis, postcentral gyrus, precuneus, insula, parahippocampal gyrus, caudate nucleus, and bilateral cingulate cortices at the resting state (P < 0.05), and stronger than PDS in the left inferior temporal and fusiform gyri during the water load test (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Compared to HS, FD subtypes had different regional brain activities at rest and during water load test, whereby the differences displayed distinct manifestations for each subtype. Compared to PDS, EPS presented more significant differences from HS at rest, suggesting that the abnormality of central visceral pain processing could be one of the main pathogenesis mechanisms for EPS.

A study on the role of small intestinal bacterial overgrowth in patients with functional dyspepsia

Background: Functional dyspepsia (FD) accounts for majority of dyspepsia. Before labeling them as FD, a bunch of investigations to be done to rule out organic cause. Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO) which is one of the cause for dyspepsia is not commonly sought and always neglected among physicians. So we aimed to study the frequency of SIBO in patients with dyspeptic symptoms and whether to include investigations to diagnose SIBO in the algorithm of approach to dyspepsia. Materials and methods: We consecutively enrolled 50 newly diagnosed functional dyspepsia patients based on Rome III criteria and 50 healthy controls in this study. They underwent glucose hydrogen breath test (GHBT) after overnight fasting. Results: In the cases with FD, 6 (12%) subjects were found to have positive GHBT and diagnosed as SIBO, whereas in the controls 2 (4%) had positive GHBT with no statistical significant difference among groups with a P value of 0.140. In the cases with FD, the most common subtype was post prandial distress syndrome (46%), followed by epigastric pain syndrome (36%) and mixed type Sabarinathan Ramanathan, Premkumar Karunakaran, Kani Shaikh Mohamed, Ratnakar Kini, Pugazhendhi Thangavel, Murali Ananthavadivelu, Mohammed Ali, Rabindranath Eswaran, Thinakar Mani, Chandrashekar Patil. A study on the role of small intestinal bacterial overgrowth in patients with functional dyspepsia. IAIM, 2017; 4(5): 88-97. Page 89 (18%). Patients with SIBO were treated with rifaximin 1200 mg/day in divided doses for 10 days. GHBT was repeated after 4 weeks and found to be normalized in all cases. Conclusion: SIBO should be considered before making a diagnosis of FD. GHBT is a simple noninvasive method to diagnose SIBO. One could avoid taking unnecessary drugs by timely diagnosis of SIBO in patients with dyspepsia.

Treating Chronic Atrophic Gastritis from Blood Stasis / 浙江中医药大学学报

[Objective] To explore the clinical experience of Professor ZHOU Xiaohong in treating chronic atrophic gastritis(CAG) from blood stasis.[Methods]Through the analysis of literature,tracing the source of the disease,following the teacher clinic and collecting relevant medical records,Professor ZHOU Xiaohong's clinical experience in treating CAG from blood stasis is summarized from the aspects of etiology,pathogenesis,treatment and so on.At the same time,the characteristics of the prescription of herbal are summarized,and exemplify that.[Result]Professor ZHOU Xiaohong thinks that blood stasis is the basic pathological factor of CAG.It plays an important role in the occurrence and development of this disease,and blood circulation and blood stasis should be carried through the whole process of clinical syndrome differentiation and treatment.ZHOU attachs importance to the application of drugs for promoting blood circulation to remove blood stasis,such as syndrome differentiation,disease differentiation,experience.In addition,another key view is the selection of drugs that can activate blood circulation to remove blood stasis,combining with modern research.The uhimatc result is to promote rcstoration of the gastric mucosa and absorption of local inflammation,enhance and improve the function of gastric mucosal barrier,reduce the degree of glandular atrophy,prevent cancer,and,thus significantly improve clinical efficacy.[Conclusion] Professor ZHOU Xiaohong has rich clinical experience and unique opinion in treatment of CAG.The clinical curative effect of CAG from the treatment of blood stasis is significant,which is worth learning and popularizing.

Therapeutic Observation of Wheat-sized Moxibustion for Epigastric Pain Due to Deficient Cold of Spleen and Stomach / 上海针灸杂志

Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of wheat-sized moxibustion in treating epigastric pain due to deficient cold of spleen and stomach. Method Fifty-six patients were randomized into a treatment group and a control group, 28 cases in each group. The treatment group was intervened by wheat-sized moxibustion; the control group was by orally taking Omeprazole enteric-coated tablets. For both groups, 7 treatment sessions were taken as a course, and the therapeutic efficacies were evaluated after 2 courses. Result There were significant differences in comparing the total effective rate, pain score, and relapse rate between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusion It can be confirmed that wheat-sized moxibustion is effective in treating epigastric pain due to deficient cold of spleen and stomach, and it can effectively lower the relapse rate and significantly reduce the sufferings brought by the recurred symptoms.

Ancient Literature Study of Regularities in Point Selection for Acupuncture Treatment of Epigastric Pain / 上海针灸杂志

Objective To seek the ancients’ method for acupuncture treatment of epigastric pain and explore the ancients’ regularities in point selection for acupuncture treatment of this disease to provide a reference and basis for guidance of modern clinical treatment. Method Search words related to epigastric pain were established. A database was set up. Frequency analysis and data mining technique-associated rules were used to investigate the use frequencies of different acupoints and meridians, and regularities in acupoint combination in ancient acupuncture treatment of epigastric pain. Result In ancient acupuncture treatment of epigastric pain, the points more frequently used and more accepted were Zhongwan (CV12), Zusanli (ST36), Neiguan (PC6), Shangwan (CV13), Geshu (BL17), Gongsun (SP4) and Jianli (CV11). Meridian points were the main ones. The points of meridians going through the epigastrium were often selected. Acupoint combination was mainly based on syndrome differentiation-based point selection plus symptomatic point selection.

Dolor epigástrico postural como posible síntoma exclusivo de gastritis por citomegalovirus en pacientes trasplantados renales: presentación de un caso / Epigastric Pain related to Posture as a Possible Symptom of Gastritis due to Cytomegalovirus in a Renal Transplant Patient: A Case Report

La enfermedad por citomegalovirus es una entidad con importante morbilidad y mortalidad en pacientes trasplantados de órgano sólido, que se puede presentar como primoinfección o reactivación y con manifestaciones clínicas muy variables. A continuación se reporta el caso de un paciente con dolor epigástrico intenso postural como síntoma inicial de primoinfección por citomegalovirus.

Cytomegalovirus is an entity which causes significant morbidity and mortality among solid organ transplant patients. It may occur as a primary infection or be reactivated. In either case clinical manifestations vary. We report the case of a patient with severe epigastric pain related to posture which was the primary symptom of a cytomegalovirus infection.

Effect of Flupentixol and Melitracen Combined with Proton Pump Inhibitor on Epigastric Pain Syndrome / 胃肠病学

Background:Epigastric pain syndrome( EPS),a subtype of functional dyspepsia,is commonly seen in clinical practice,and severely affects patients’quality of life. Aims:To observe the therapeutic efficacy of flupentixol and melitracen combined with proton pump inhibitor on EPS and its influence on psychological status and sleep quality. Methods:A total of 118 EPS patients from Jan. 2013 to June 2014 at Huangpi District People’s Hospital were enrolled, and were randomly divided into observation group and control group. Patients in control group were given esomeprazole 20 mg/ d,while patients in observation group were given flupentixol and melitracen 10. 5 mg bid in addition to esomeprazole,the treatment course were both for 8 weeks. Psychological status,quality of sleep and clinical therapeutic efficacy were compared between the two groups. Results:Four or 8 weeks after the treatment,anxiety,depression,sleep quality and clinical symptom were significantly ameliorated than before treatment in both two groups(P < 0. 05),while anxiety,depression and clinical symptom in observation group were significantly better than those in control group(P <0. 05). Therapeutic efficacy in observation group was significantly higher than that in control group(94. 9% vs. 79. 7% , P < 0. 05). No severe adverse reactions were found in both two groups. Conclusions:Flupentixol and melitracen combined with esomeprazole can effectively ameliorate anxiety and depression,and improve the therapeutic efficacy in EPS patients.

Clinical Observation of Ginger-partitioned Moxibustion atZhiyang (GV9) for Stomachache Due to Deficient Cold / 上海针灸杂志

ObjectiveTo observe the clinical efficacy of ginger-partitioned moxibustion at Zhiyang (GV9) in treating stomachache due to deficient cold.MethodEligible subjects with stomachache due to deficient cold were randomized into a treatment group and a control group. The treatment group was intervened by ginger-partitioned moxibustion at Zhiyang, while the control group was by conventional acupuncture treatment. The clinical efficacies were then observed.ResultThe total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group versus 73.3% in the control group, and the total effective rate of the treatment groupwas significantly higher than that of the control group (P<0.05).ConclusionGinger-partitioned moxibustion can produce a better therapeutic efficacy in treating stomachache due to deficient cold than conventional acupuncture.

Clinical Experience of Professor Shen Hong for Treating Chronic Atrophic Gastritis / 浙江中医药大学学报

Objective] To summarize professor Shen Hong's clinical experience in treating chronic atrophic gastritis. [Method] By following the teacher clinic and sorting out the related medical materials, the author summarizes professor Shen Hong's academic experience of treatment of chronic atrophic gastritis, and for proven cases. [Result] Professor Shen Hong thinks that the essence of pathogenesis is the weakness of the spleen and stomach. Qi stagnation, damp stagnation and blood stasis are common pathological factors. The characteristic of the disease is deficiency in origin and excess in superficiality. The location of disease is in stomach, relating to liver and spleen. The principle of treatment should be strengthening the spleen and stomach. It is also very important to treat accompanying symptoms and balance property of Chinese medicines. Prof. Shen emphasizes the combination of disease and syndrome differentiation and the integration of TCM and western medicine. He attaches much weight to diet and psychotherapy. The medication is concise and the prescription changes flexibly with the permitted addition and subtraction. The clinical curative effect is satisfactory. [Conclusion] Professor Shen Hong 's experience is effective and worthy of inheritance and promotion.

Association of the Extent of Atrophic Gastritis With Specific Dyspeptic Symptoms

BACKGROUND/AIMS: It remains unclear whether atrophic gastritis can affect dyspeptic symptoms. We aimed to investigate whether the extent of atrophic gastritis is associated with specific dyspeptic symptoms. METHODS: Consecutive adults in a routine health-checkup program were enrolled in the study. The extent of atrophic gastritis was classified into 3 groups based on the Kimura-Takemoto criteria; the gastritis with no or little atrophy (group A: C0), the gastritis with atrophy mainly in the antrum (group B: C1 and C2), and the gastritis with atrophy in the large area of the corpus (group C: C3 and O). Upper gastrointestinal symptoms were categorized into "typical reflux symptoms," "epigastric pain syndrome (EPS)-related symptoms," and "postprandial distress syndrome (PDS)-related symptoms." RESULTS: A total of 1827 patients (1009 males, mean age 45.1 years) were included in the analysis. The subgroups of atrophic gastritis were as follows: group A (n = 1218, 66.7%), group B (n = 392, 21.4%), and group C (n = 217, 11.9%). Typical reflux, EPS-related, and PDS-related symptoms were present in 10.5%, 19.8%, and 16.2% of the subjects, respectively. PDS-related and EPS-related symptoms were significantly more prevalent in the group C of male patients and the group B of female patients, respectively, compared with other groups. PDS-related and EPS-related symptoms were independently associated with the group C in males (OR, 2.123; 95% CI, 1.090-4.136) and the group B in females (OR, 2.571; 95% CI, 1.319-5.025), respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The extent of atrophic gastritis appears to affect the generation of specific dyspeptic symptoms in a gender-dependent manner.

Clinical Study on Acupuncture plus Medication for Chronic Atrophic Gastritis Due to Spleen-stomach Deficiency / 针灸推拿医学（英文版）

Objective: To observe the clinical efficacy of combining acupuncture and medication in treating chronic atrophic gastritis (CAG) due to spleen-stomach deficiency. Methods: Totally 176 patients with CAG were randomized into two groups by the random number table. The 91 subjects in the treatment group were intervened by acupuncture and oral Chinese patent medication; the other 85 subjects were by oral Chinese patent medication alone. The clinical efficacies were compared at the end of intervention. Results: After a treatment course, the total effective rate was 87.9% in the treatment group versus 75.3% in the control group; according to the gastroscopy and pathological biopsy examinations, the total effective rate was 85.7% in the treatment group versus 74.1% in the control group. There were significant differences in comparing the clinical efficacy, gastroscopy and pathological examinations between the two groups (P Conclusion: Combining acupuncture and medication can produce a better therapeutic efficacy than medication alone in treating CAG due to spleen-stomach deficiency.

Comparative Study of Clinical Efficacy of Ultrafine Extracted Granule Preparation and Traditional Herbal Decoction of Li Zhong Tang / 中国中医药信息杂志

Objective To compare the clinical efficacy of different doses of ultrafine extracted granule preparation (EGP) and traditional herbal decoction (THD) of Li Zhong Tang in treatment of epigastric pain. Methods Sixty cases of epigastric pain patients in accordance with the diagnostic criteria of deficiency and cold pattern of spleen and stomach in TCM were randomly divided into THD group, 1/3 dose group and 1/5 dose group, and were given THD, 1/3 dose of ultrafine EGP and 1/5 dose of ultrafine EGP, respectively. The clinical efficacy of the three groups after one course of medication was comparatively analyzed. Results There were no significant differences in age, course of disease, symptom score before treatment, epigastric pain efficacy and syndrome curative effect among the three groups, the differences had no statistical significance (P>0.05). The severity, frequency and duration of epigastric pain were all reduced in the three groups, with significant differences between before and after treatment (P<0.05). Conclusion There are no significant differences in the clinical efficacy on epigastric pain among THD, 1/3 dose of ultrafine EGP and 1/5 dose of ultrafine EGP. In addition, the effect of 1/3 dose group is very close to the THD group.

Jianpi Qingwei(Reinforce Spleen to Clear Stomach) Decoction Treat Chronic Erosive Gastritis 38 Cases / 浙江中医药大学学报

[Objective] To discuss the clinical effect of Jianpi Qingwei Decoction on chronic erosive gastritis(CEG). [Method] Choose the said patients 68 cas-es, randomly divide them into treatment group(n=38) and control one(n=30).The treatment group take the self-made Jianpi Qingwei Decoction for treat-ment;the control one, lansoprazole and col oid pectinBi. Both take 4w as a course;after 1 course, compare their cure effect and side effects;fol ow up the re-currence. [Result] In the treatment group, 22 cases were cured, 13 better, 3 uncured, the total effective rate 92.10%;for the control one, they were respective-ly 13,11,6 and 80.00%;by comparison, their difference had statistical meaning;there ’s no recurrence fol owing up for half year. [Conclusion] Jianpi Qingwei Decoction has marked cure effect and little side effects on CEG, without easy recurrence, worth promotion.

Clinical Research of Moxibustion Therapy on Gastralgia Due to Deficiency and Cold / 针灸推拿医学（英文版）

Objective: To observe the clinical effect of moxibustion on gastralgia of deficiency cold type. Methods: Sixty patients were randomly divided into 2 groups. The 30 patients in the treatment group were treated with Zhao's thunder-fire moxibustion while the other 30 patients in the control group were treated with oral medicine. Results: After one course of treatment, the total effective rate of treatment group was notably higher than that of the control group, showing statistical significance (P<0.05). Conclusion: The total effective rate of thunder-fire moxibustion on gastralgia of deficiency cold type was better than that of the traditional Chinese medicine in relieving epigastralgia.

Overlap Syndrome of Functional Dyspepsia and Irritable Bowel Syndrome - Are Both Diseases Mutually Exclusive?

Among functional gastrointestinal (GI) disorders, functional dyspepsia (FD) and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) are important to public health around the world and are frequently encountered in general practice. Upper GI symptoms such as heartburn, postprandial fullness, early satiety, epigastric pain or burning and lower GI symptoms such as constipation and diarrhea often coexist. Although the prevalence of FD-IBS overlap would be influenced by the selection of the study population, the overlap rate of FD-IBS could be in the range of 11%-27%. Specifically, FD-IBS overlap is associated with more severe symptoms than FD alone or IBS alone. Since clinical overlap, especially FD-IBS overlap, is very common, the 2 syndromes should not be treated in a mutually exclusive fashion.