ABSTRACT
Background: Physiological cutaneous changes and clinical presentation is very frequently in neonates. The skin of the new born is covered with greyish white greasy material vernix caseosa, a physiologic protective covering derived partially by secretion of sebaceous glands and in part as a decomposition product of the infant’s epidermis. It acts as a natural protectant to the infant in utero. It should be allowed to come off by itself. Aim: To study the various physiological changes in neonates. Materials and methods: We studied 200 neonates for the pattern of cutaneous changes. 200 neonates were examined within 24 hours of birth over the period of 2 years. We prospectively enrolled and analysed 200 patients with various dermatoses in infants from July 2010- December 2012 in the Department of Dermatology. The complete clinical history was taken and complete physical examination was performed. Types of clinical lesions and their distribution along with mucous membrane lesions were noted; any change in hair, nail, and teeth was noted. Results: Most common cutaneous change observed was Mongolian spots followed by physiological exfoliation and erythema neonatorum. Physiological cutaneous change was observed in 100% neonates. Conclusion: We confirm the variation in physiological cutaneous changes and their time of onset in neonates. This study showed physiological changes were present in all newborn. Number of lesion was more in preterm babies.
ABSTRACT
Milia are minute follicular epidermal cysts, commonly found over the cheeks, nose, upper lip, forehead, and rarely over the areolae and genitalia.Prepucial milia (Prepucial Epstein pearl), are pearly white papules, 1-2mm in size found on the prepuce or shaft of the penis in a male new born. They are benign in nature and almost always disappear within a few weeks. Prepucial milia evoke a lot of concern and anxiety to the parents. Physician and child healthcare providers should be aware of this condition to avoid unnecessary intervention.
ABSTRACT
Background: The neonatal period is regarded as the first 4 weeks of extrauterine life. In the literature, there are numerous articles about the skin findings in neonates and the results of these studies show differences according to races and environmental factors. Aims: Our objective was to evaluate the skin lesions seen in neonates delivered in our hospital and to determine their relationship to gender, gestational age and route of delivery. Methods: Newborns delivered at the Obstetrics Clinics of our hospital between November 2007 and April 2008 were included in this study. Dermatologic examination was performed and relationship between the 10 most common skin findings and gender, gestational age and route of delivery were statistically evaluated. Results: A total of 572 newborns were examined for the presence of skin lesions. Most common skin findings were Epstein pearls (58.76%), sebaceous hyperlasia (48.45%) and xerosis (31.29%). Milia and sebaceous hyperplasia in girls, desquamation and xerosis in preterms, Epstein pearls, sebaceous hyperplasia and desquamation in vaginally delivered babies were found to be more frequent and the differences were statistically significant. Conclusýon: We found that 90.7% of the neonates had one or more cutaneous lesions. Maturity and type of delivery of the babies were important factors in their causation. In Turkey, this study is the first study performed on the skin lesions seen during the neonatal period. With this study, we want to increase the awareness about the skin findings in neonates.