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Objective@#To evaluate the clinical efficacy of invisible orthodontic appliances without brackets for the distal movement of maxillary molars to improve the ability of orthodontists to predict treatment outcomes.@*Methods@#Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Embase, PubMed, Wanfang Database, CNKI Database, and VIP Database were searched for studies investigating the efficacy of invisible orthodontic appliances for distal movement of maxillary molars in adult patients and published from database inception to August 1, 2023. A total of three researchers screened the studies and evaluated their quality and conducted a meta-analysis of those that met quality standards.@*Results@#This study included 13 pre- and postcontrol trials with a total sample size of 281 patients. The meta-analysis revealed no significant differences in the sagittal or vertical parameters of the jawbone after treatment when compared with those before treatment (P>0.05). The displacement of the first molar was MD=-2.34, 95% CI (-2.83, -1.85); the displacement was MD=-0.95, 95% CI (-1.34, -0.56); and the inclination was MD=-2.51, 95% CI (-3.56, -1.46). There was a statistically significant difference in the change in sagittal, vertical, and axial tilt of the first molar before and after treatment. After treatment, the average adduction distance of the incisors was MD=-0.82, 95% CI (-1.54, -0.09), and the decrease in lip inclination was MD=-1.61, 95% CI (-2.86, -0.36); these values were significantly different from those before treatment (P<0.05).@*Conclusion@#Invisible orthodontic appliances can effectively move the upper molars in a distal direction and control the vertical position of the molars. When the molars move further away, there is some degree of compression and distal tilt movement, which is beneficial for patients with high angles. The sagittal movement of incisors is beneficial for improving the patient's profile.
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Background and Objective@#COVID-19 contributes significantly to global morbidity and mortality. Age-related comorbidities elevate the risk of severe cases. Studies have recently demonstrated that widely available medications, including tocilizumab (TCZ), can manage severe symptoms. However, its effectiveness is unclear, particularly among the older population. Therefore, this review aimed to evaluate TCZ’s efficacy in managing severe pneumonia in individuals aged 50 and older.@*Methods@#We systematically search several databases and gray literature including Web of Science, CINAHL, Academic Search Complete, PsycINFO, PsycArticles, SocINDEX, CENTRAL/Cochrane Library, PubMed/MEDLINE for original research articles in English across several study designs published in the year 2020-2022. A narrative synthesis was conducted to summarize the evidence. We employed the NIH quality assessment tool for observational cohort studies to evaluate risk of bias. Additionally, we utilized GRADE to appraise the certainty of evidence.@*Results@#Among 539 screened articles, only five studies met the selection criteria. Tocilizumab's impact on severe COVID-19 pneumonia revealed a diverse effect on mortality rate, with 29% in the TCZ group, and 40% in the controls died within 30 days of intubation (OR 0.61; 95% CI, 0.27-1.36). It is also reported that TCZ was not associated with mortality, despite faster decline in pulmonary function and prolonged fever. Hospital mortality in the TCZ group was significantly lower than in the controls, and age over 60 was the only significant risk factor. Moreover, administering TCZ reduced mechanical ventilation needs, with 82% extubated compared to 53% in controls. However, 45% in TCZ group was associated with a higher ventilator-associated pneumonia rate than in the untreated group which was 20% (P < 0.001). Despite this, TCZ-treated patients had shorter hospital stays.@*Conclusions@#The effects of tocilizumab on reducing mortality risk and improving the survival rate of COVID-19 patients with pneumonia remained inconclusive. Yet, the majority of results suggested that giving tocilizumab leads to shorter hospital stays, lowers the requirement for mechanical ventilation, and decreases the likelihood of ICU transfer. Tocilizumab is linked to the incidence of secondary infections; hence, this medication should be closely monitored for side effects.
Subject(s)
COVID-19 , PneumoniaABSTRACT
Buccal tablets
Diclofenac sodium
Drug release
Mucoadhesion
Mucoadhesive tablets
Release kinetics
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Objective:To analyze the surveillance data of Kashin-Beck disease (KBD) in Shandong Province, master the changes of KBD, and provide scientific basis for formulating prevention and control strategies of KBD and adjustment of the prevention and control focus of KBD.Methods:According to the requirements of the "National KBD Monitoring Plan" and the "Shandong KBD Monitoring Plan", from 2016 to 2020, the disease monitoring was carried out in the villages of KBD areas in Shandong Province, including the number of clinical positive cases, the number of X-ray positive cases, and the number of metaphyseal positive cases. The detection rate was calculated, and the dynamic changes of the disease was analyzed macroscopically.Results:From 2016 to 2020, a total of 1 816 children aged 7 - 12 years were clinically examined in Shandong Province, and no child with KBD was found. A total of 1 224 children were examined by X-ray, among which 1 positive patient was found in 2016 and 2017, respectively, both of whom were metaphyseal changes, with a total detection rate of 0.16%. There were 367 adult patients with KBD in Shandong Province, including 304 patients with grade Ⅰ, 47 patients with grade Ⅱ and 16 patients with grade Ⅲ. All villages in the KBD areas in Shandong Province had reached the elimination standard, with the elimination rate of 100%.Conclusion:No clinical case of KBD is detected in children aged 7 - 12 years in Shandong Province from 2016 to 2020, which has reached the elimination standard and is in a continuous elimination state.
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Objective:To evaluate the reliability and validity of Chinese version of Minnesota Living with Heart Failure Questionnaire (MLHFQ) scale among patients with chronic Keshan disease.Methods:The patients with chronic Keshan disease diagnosed in Keshan disease area of Gansu Province from August 2018 to April 2020 were selected as the survey subjects to analyze the reliability and validity of the Chinese version of MLHFQ scale in evaluating the quality of life of patients with chronic Keshan disease. To evaluate the reliability of MLHFQ scale, the Cronbach's α coefficient was used, and when the Cronbach's α coefficient > 0.8 indicated that the consistency reliability of the scale was good. Kaider-Meyer-Olkin(KMO) statistic and Barlett's sphericity test were used to evaluate whether the scale was suitable for factor analysis (applicable when KMO > 0.6 and Barlett's sphericity test P < 0.05). The principal component analysis and maximum variance method of exploratory factor analysis were used to extract common factors, and the structural validity of the scale was evaluated. The discrimination validity of the scale was evaluated by New York Heart Association (NYHA) cardiac function classification and analysis of variance. Pearson correlation analysis was used to evaluate the content validity of the scale. Results:A total of 333 questionnaires were collected, of which 329 were valid. There were 180 males and 149 females, aged (59.52 ± 9.26) years. The Cronbach's α coefficient of the Chinese version of MLHFQ scale was 0.95 ( > 0.8). Among them, the Cronbach's α coefficients in the physical domain, emotional domain and other domains were 0.93, 0.91 and 0.86, respectively ( > 0.8). The KMO value of the Chinese version of MLHFQ scale was 0.95 ( > 0.6), and Barlett's sphericity test rejected the hypothesis (χ 2 = 5 222.01, P < 0.05). Principal component analysis and maximum variance method were used to extract 3 common factors, which were named kinetic energy of life, physical condition and emotional condition, respectively. The cumulative contribution rate of principal components was 66.22% ( > 50%). Compared with patients with NYHA cardiac function grade Ⅱ and patients with grade Ⅲ and Ⅳ, there were significant differences in the physical domain, other domain and total score ( P < 0.001). The Pearson correlation coefficients between the physical, emotional, and other domains and their respective items ranged from 0.74 to 0.88, 0.78 to 0.90, and 0.56 to 0.80, respectively, and the correlation coefficients between each item and its domain were all > 0.5 ( P < 0.001). Conclusion:The Chinese version of MLHFQ scale has good reliability and validity in patients with chronic Keshan disease in Gansu Province, and can be used to evaluate the quality of life of patients with chronic Keshan disease.
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El Perfil de egreso constituye un modelo teórico y la imagen del profesional que la institución de educación superior aspira formar. Es un conjunto de atributos que son certificados y le permiten a una persona ser reconocida y aceptada por la sociedad como profesional. La emergencia de estándares de calidad, utilizados por las agencias de acreditación de carreras universitarias, hoy exigen la necesidad de evaluar y rendir cuentas acerca del logro de las competencias establecidas y declaradas en el perfil de egreso, sin embargo, hay escasa evidencia concreta que demuestre modelos operativos de cómo abordar ese proceso de evaluación en distintos programas. Dada la relevancia del Perfil de Egreso de una carrera de pregrado y considerando que constituye el eje fundamental para el desarrollo curricular de los programas educativos, para realizar el proceso de autoevaluación y la posterior acreditación de las carreras, diseñamos e implementamos un modelo de seguimiento del cumplimiento del perfil de egreso en el plan de estudios de las carreras de la Facultad de Medicina de la Universidad Finis Terrae.
The Graduate Profile constitutes the theoretical model and the professional image that higher education aspires to form. It is a set of certified attributes and allows a person to be recognized and accepted by society as a professional. The emergence of quality standards, used by university careers' accreditation agencies, demands the need to evaluate and be accountable for achieving the competencies established and declared in the Graduate Profile. However, the is limited concrete evidence to demonstrate operational models of how to approach this evaluation process in different programs. Given the relevance of the Graduate Profile of an undergraduate career and considering that it constitutes the fundamental axis for the curricular development of educational programs, to carry out the self-evaluation process and the subsequent accreditation of the degrees, we design and implement a model for monitoring the compliance with the graduation profile in the study plan of the Faculty of Medicine of Universidad Finis Terrae.
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Humans , Professional Competence , Education, Medical, Graduate , Employment , Students, Health Occupations , Process Assessment, Health Care , Models, TheoreticalABSTRACT
Genome-scale metabolic network model (GSMM) is an extremely important guiding tool in the targeted modification of industrial microbial strains, which helps researchers to quickly obtain industrial microbes with specific traits and has attracted increasing attention. Here we reviewe the development history of GSMM and summarized the construction method of GSMM. Furthermore, the development and application of GSMM in industrial microorganisms are elaborated by using four typical industrial microorganisms (Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli, Corynebacterium glutamicum, and Saccharomyces cerevisiae) as examples. In addition, prospects in the development trend of GSMM are proposed.
Subject(s)
Corynebacterium glutamicum/genetics , Escherichia coli/genetics , Metabolic Engineering , Metabolic Networks and Pathways/geneticsABSTRACT
Objective:Data envelopment analysis (DEA) was applied to evaluate the evaluation index system of scientific research performance of hospital departments.Methods:Based on the three-level index assignment of the constructed evaluation index system of scientific research performance of hospital departments, the relevant data of departments are calculated. Scientific research projects, talent team and scientific research platform are taken as input indexes, papers, awards, patents, published monographs/papers, professional standards and guidelines, as well as achievements transformation are taken as output indexes, and departments are taken as evaluation units. Data envelopment analysis software is used to evaluate departments Results of scientific research performance evaluation, redundant input and insufficient output.Results:The average comprehensive technical efficiency of 25 departments is 0.404 8, the average pure technical efficiency is 0.837 1, and the average scale efficiency is 0.428 3. Among them, 7 departments are generally efficiency, 17 departments obtained pure technical efficiency, 7 departments obtained scale efficiency.Conclusions:The analysis results can provide a reference for the scientific research development of the department. On the basis of building a reasonable talent echelon and assure the sufficient scientific research time, the hospital further optimizes and improves the scientific research performance evaluation index system and hierarchical management method of the Department.
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Objective:To evaluate of the general practice residency training bases in Hebei Province.Methods:Based on the 2020 Standardized Residency Training Base Evaluation Index-General Practitioners of Chinese Medical Doctor Association,24 training bases in Hebei Province were assessed;and the satisfaction questionnaire survey and in-depth interview were conducted among 124 general practice trainees who were randomly selected in November 2020. Results:All 24 bases set the general practice department in the hospitals as required. However, the annual outpatient visits in department of general practice were less than 20000 in 45.83% (11/24) bases, only 41.67% (10/24) bases met the teaching requirements of general practice, and 33.33% (8/24) bases fulfilled the provincial target for general practice residency training enrollment; only 3 bases (13.64%) had the pass rate≥85% in medical licensing examination in the previous year. For the training satisfaction, 66.94% (83/124) trainees were satisfied with residency training, and 33.06% (41/124) were moderately satisfied. There was significantly difference in the satisfaction degrees among trainees with different expectations of career prospects (χ 2=24.436, P<0.05). Conclusions:Basically, the management system of general practice residency training bases has been completed and the construction of teaching teams has been standardized in Hebei Province. But the job attraction of general practitioner is inadequate, the training bases need to be strengthened, and the training quality needs to be improved.
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@#AIM: To evaluate visual field of the unilateral visually impaired applicants by a custom program test of Humphrey perimeter, which was indispensable for car driving.<p>METHODS: A retrospective study was performed. The process of a custom defined Humphrey ‘1 EYE Screening' program was set covers field region from temporal 90° to nasal 60°, and over 30° vertically away from the horizontal line. The candidates were qualified eligibility by range of visual field and reliability of the results. This study conducted statistics on the applicants who fulfilled the test from July 1st, 2016 to June 30th, 2017, and compared the impact factors of the pass rate.<p>RESULTS: After excluding repeated measurement reports, this study included 618 subjects, the most common causes of these eyes impaired were ocular trauma(49.7%)and unhealed amblyopia(29.3%). A total of 497 candidates(80.4%)passed the test. 85 of the 121 failure cases(70.2%)were due to a limitation of the nasal visual field(less than 60°), and 12 cases were failed by fixation loss because of nystagmus or poor cooperation. Compared with the test failure group, the subjects in the passing group are older, the average correct response points is more, and the average test time is shorter, all with statistically significant differences(<i>P</i><0.05). In the passing group, the proportion of subjects with equivalent spherical mirror <0.5D was 77.5%, which was significantly higher than 62.8% in the failure group(χ2=7.264, <i>P</i>=0.007).<p>CONCLUSION: The custom program ‘1 EYE Screening' of Humphrey perimetry can be used to qualify eligibility of driving for unilateral visual impaired applicants. In order to prevent peripheral interfering from eye frames, corneal contact lenses were recommended for applicants with refractive errors.
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@#AIM: To evaluate visual field of the unilateral visually impaired applicants by a custom program test of Humphrey perimeter, which was indispensable for car driving.<p>METHODS: A retrospective study was performed. The process of a custom defined Humphrey ‘1 EYE Screening' program was set covers field region from temporal 90° to nasal 60°, and over 30° vertically away from the horizontal line. The candidates were qualified eligibility by range of visual field and reliability of the results. This study conducted statistics on the applicants who fulfilled the test from July 1st, 2016 to June 30th, 2017, and compared the impact factors of the pass rate.<p>RESULTS: After excluding repeated measurement reports, this study included 618 subjects, the most common causes of these eyes impaired were ocular trauma(49.7%)and unhealed amblyopia(29.3%). A total of 497 candidates(80.4%)passed the test. 85 of the 121 failure cases(70.2%)were due to a limitation of the nasal visual field(less than 60°), and 12 cases were failed by fixation loss because of nystagmus or poor cooperation. Compared with the test failure group, the subjects in the passing group are older, the average correct response points is more, and the average test time is shorter, all with statistically significant differences(<i>P</i><0.05). In the passing group, the proportion of subjects with equivalent spherical mirror <0.5D was 77.5%, which was significantly higher than 62.8% in the failure group(χ2=7.264, <i>P</i>=0.007).<p>CONCLUSION: The custom program ‘1 EYE Screening' of Humphrey perimetry can be used to qualify eligibility of driving for unilateral visual impaired applicants. In order to prevent peripheral interfering from eye frames, corneal contact lenses were recommended for applicants with refractive errors.
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Introducción: En nuestros días, la identificación y sistematización de la evaluación del aprendizaje en las universidades está encaminada a garantizar la pertinencia, eficacia y eficiencia de las mismas, co25nformando un marco de referencia para la reflexión y toma de decisiones encaminadas a la mejora de los procesos enseñanza-aprendizaje. En este sentido, es fundamental la información acerca de las percepciones, las actitudes, las experiencias y las expectativas en relación con la implementación de la evaluación formativa como una herramienta que permite generar diversas estrategias para los planes de mejora curricular. Objetivo: Obtener información acerca de las percepciones, las actitudes, las experiencias y las expectativas en relación con la evaluación formativa y el impacto de la retroalimentación a estudiantes de Medicina de primer semestre de la Universidad de La Sabana que cursan Biociencias. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio cualitativo mediante el empleo de la técnica de los grupos focales. Se preparó un guion en torno las inquietudes obtenidas a partir de la retroalimentación y se formularon varias preguntas que fueron grabadas en audio. Se evidenciaron cuatro categorías emergentes de exploración. Resultados: Las argumentaciones de los participantes se realizaron a partir de las memorias obtenidas en el audio del grupo focal; desde el guion inicial, surgen subcategorías en las que se ordenaron los hallazgos. Se evidenciaron 4 categorías que abarcan la comprensión del estudiante respecto de la función formativa de la evaluación, el empoderamiento de los estudiantes frente al proceso de evaluación formativa, el manejo de conflictos derivados de la evaluación y algunas sugerencias para mejorar los procesos de evaluación desde la perspectiva del estudiante. Conclusiones: Para que estas evaluaciones tengan la resonancia que se espera de ellas, deben estar inmersas en el pensamiento pedagógico contemporáneo, los objetivos de los cursos y los resultados esperados del aprendizaje, donde se halle una total congruencia entre los mismos(AU)
Introduction: Nowadays, identification and systematization of the evaluation of learning in universities is aimed at guaranteeing its pertinence, effectiveness and efficiency, creating a reference framework for reflection and decision-making aimed at the improvement of the teaching-learning processes. In this respect, information about perceptions, attitudes, experiences and expectations about the implementation of formative evaluation as a tool that allows generating different strategies for curricular improvement plans is fundamental. Objective: To obtain information about the perceptions, attitudes, experiences and expectations about formative evaluation and the feedback impact on first-semester medical students of University of La Sabana in the Biosciences course. Methods: A qualitative study was carried out using the technique of focus groups. A script was prepared about the concerns obtained from feedback and several questions were formulated that were recorded in audio. Four emerging categories of exploration were evidenced. Results: The arguments of the participants were produced from the memories obtained in the audio of the focus group. From the initial script, subcategories appear in which the findings were ordered. There were four categories that include the student's understanding of the formative function of the evaluation, the students' empowerment in the formative evaluation process, managing of conflicts derived from evaluation, and some suggestions to improve the evaluation processes from the student's perspective. Conclusions: In order for these evaluations to have the impact expected from them, they must be immersed in the contemporary pedagogical thought, the objectives of the courses and the expected results of the learning process, where there is a total congruence among them(AU)
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Teaching , Education, Medical , Educational Measurement , Formative Feedback , LearningABSTRACT
O Apoio Institucional (AI), estratégia metodológica para a cogestão, surge como inovação para ampliação da democracia institucional no Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS), sendo experimentada nos níveis municipal, estadual e federal. A revisão de literatura identificou lacunas na publicação científica relacionada a: formação, acompanhamento, supervisão e avaliação do processo de trabalho de apoiadores institucionais. Este artigo apresenta a Mandala de Avaliação como instrumento para realização de processos avaliativos no AI com vistas à produção de diálogo entre os trabalhadores e a gestão. Este instrumento alicerçado na Educação Permanente em Saúde, na Avaliação Apreciativa e na gestão participativa, propõe pistas para o processo avaliativo, orientação e Educação Permanente de apoiadores institucionais. A construção deste instrumento permitiu definir os atributos para avaliar a função Apoio: observação e escuta; porosidade; capacidade de negociação; proposição de ofertas; ativação de espaços coletivos e trabalho em equipe.(AU)
Institutional support (IS), a methodological strategy for co-management, emerges as an innovation to promote institutional democracy in the Brazilian National Health System (SUS), being tested in the municipal, state and federal levels. A literature review was conducted and identified gaps in the scientific literature related to the education, follow-up, supervision and assessment of the work process of institutional supporters. This paper presents the assessment mandala as an instrument to conduct evaluative processes in IS with the aim of fostering dialogue among workers and managers. This instrument is grounded on permanent education in health, appreciative inquiry and participative management, and proposes directions to the evaluative process, guidance, and the permanent education of institutional supporters. The construction of this instrument allowed to define the attributes to assess the Support function: observation and listening; porosity; negotiation capacity; offers; activation of collective spaces, and team work.(AU)
El Apoyo Institucional (AI), estrategia metodológica para la cogestión, surge como innovación para la ampliación de la democracia institucional en el Sistema Brasileño de Salud (SUS) experimentada en el ámbito municipal, de los estados y federal. La revisión de la literatura identificó lagunas en la publicación científica relacionada a la formación, acompañamiento, supervisión y evaluación del proceso de trabajo de apoyadores institucionales. Este artículo presenta la Mandala de evaluación como instrumento para la realización de procesos evaluadores en el AI con el objetivo de la producción de diálogo entre los trabajadores y la gestión. Este instrumento fundamentado en la Educación Permanente en Salud, en la Evaluación Apreciativa y en la gestión participativa, propone pistas para el proceso evaluador, orientación y Educación Permanente de apoyadores institucionales. La construcción de este instrumento permitió definir los atributos para evaluar la función Apoyo: observación y escucha; porosidad; capacidad de negociación; proposición de ofertas; activación de espacios colectivos y trabajo en equipo.(AU)
Subject(s)
Unified Health System/organization & administration , Health ManagementABSTRACT
In recent years, more and more attention has been paid to the occurrence and harm of delirium, and intensive care unit (ICU) delirium has become a hot issue. The incidence of delirium in ICU patients is much higher than that of general wards, all kinds of complications caused by delirium and increased mortality should win enough attention of the clinicians. There is no uniform standard for the diagnosis and evaluation of ICU delirium, which is a major problem that affects clinicians in the early diagnosis and assessment of prognosis. By reviewing the domestic and international researches of ICU delirium, the latest progress of diagnostic and assessment instruments for delirium in ICU is stated, which provides an important basis for the early identification and diagnosis of delirium in ICU.
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Objective To explore the scientific research output of the comprehensive three-A hospitals in Fujian Province,provide reference for the development of deepening medical reform work plan in Fujian Province.Methods The bibliometric method was used to analyze the publication of scientific and technical papers of 24 comprehensive Three-A hospitals in Fujian Province from 2006 to 2015 and the number of projects of each hospital in this decade.Results Compared with the "Eleventh Five-Year Plan",the five-year growth rate of the total number of papers published by 24 hospitals has increased 13.1％ in the "twelfth Five-Year Plan",and increasing rate of SCI papers was 308.7％.The number of publication during the "Twelfth Five-Year Plan" was higher than previous one.The total number of publications in recent ten years was keeping increasing.The number of papers published by coastal city hospitals is significantly higher than that of mountain city hospitals.Conclusions The publication of research papers in 24 comprehensive Three-A hospitals in Fujian Province from 2006 to 2015 showed an overall upward trend.Compared with the "Eleventh Five-Year Plan",the research papers have significantly improved both in quantity and quality.The research output of the third-grade class-A hospitals in Fujian Province is regionally strong.It is recommended that the medical and health departments of Fujian Province should pay attention to the scientific research investment of mountainous city hospitals,avoid regional imbalances,strengthen the construction of high-level talents,establish scientific research incentives and promote inter-regional cooperation.
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Introducción: la hipertensión arterial constituye actualmente un grave problema de salud a nivel mundial, que afecta por igual a las personas de países con mayor o menor desarrollo en materia de salud. La calidad de la atención en salud que se brinde es de vital importancia en la calidad de vida que tengan los individuos, de ahí, lo necesario de evaluar la calidad de la atención en salud dada a las personas hipertensas. Objetivo: elaborar una propuesta de criterios, indicadores y sus correspondientes estándares para la evaluación de las historias clínicas de los pacientes hipertensos en la Atención Primaria de Salud. Método: se realizó una investigación cualitativa tomando en consideración los aspectos que inciden en la evaluación de las historias clínicas de los pacientes hipertensos en la Atención Primaria de Salud. Se emplearon métodos teóricos y empíricos. Resultados: se diseña la propuesta de criterios, indicadores y estándares para la evaluación de las historias clínicas de los pacientes hipertensos en la Atención Primaria. Conclusiones: a partir de la revisión teórica realizada, se pudo llegar a una definición operativa para la construcción de cada uno de los criterios, indicadores y estándares a utilizar en la revisión de las historias clínicas de los pacientes hipertensos en la Atención Primaria de Salud.
Introduction: the hypertension constitutes a severe problem of worldwide health, which affects equally the people of countries with major or lesser development on the subject of health nowadays. The quality of health care is of vital importance in the quality of life of individuals, hence the need to evaluate the quality of health care for hypertensive individuals. Objective: to elaborate a proposal of criteria, indicators and their corresponding standards for the evaluation of the clinical histories of hypertensive patients in Primary Health Care. Method: a qualitative investigation was carried out taking into consideration the aspects that affect the evaluation of the clinical histories of hypertensive patients in the Primary Health Care. Theoretical and empirical methods were used. Results: the proposal of criteria, indicators and standards for the evaluation of clinical histories of hypertensive patients in Primary Health Care was designed. Conclusions: based on the theoretical review, an operational definition for the construction of each of the criteria, indicators and standards to be used in the review of the clinical histories of hypertensive patients in Primary Health Care was achieved.
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Objective The rapid latex scattering immune turbidimetric method detecting urine retinol binding protein, and evaluate methodology.MethodsIn accordance with the commission of American clinical laboratory standards (NCCLS) requirements, evaluation of the research methods of reagent sensitivity, precision, accuracy, stability, linear range, interference analysis, specific degrees.ResultsWith rapid latex scattering immune turbidity method to detect the urine retinol binding protein, for instance, the minimum detection limit of 0.0381 mg/L;Repeatability precision is 1.198%, intermediate precision is 5.541%, reproducibility precision is 6.662%;The linear range is within 0~10 mg/L;Recovery rate were 99.00% and 104.00% respectively;When TBIL<100mg/L and Hb<10mg/L, the detection of Tbil, Hb, RBP interference;With the urine RBP than kit in automatic analyzer compared the test results of analysis showed that r2=0.9720, correlation can be;50 cases of clinical specimens using two methods showed no statistically significant difference positive rate (χ2=0.948, P=0.948).ConclusionRapid latex scattering immune turbidimetric method were used to detect the urine retinol binding protein, has high precision, high accuracy, the advantages of high sensitivity, stability and anti-jamming is strong, good.
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Objective To evaluate the utilization of human serum albumin (HSA ) in intensive care unit (ICU ) to pro-mote rational use of HSA clinically .Methods Data were collected from the patients received HSA therapy during the period of January 1 ,2015 to December 31 ,2015 .The indications and usage of HSA were analyzed statistically .Results 416 bottles of HSA were administered to 64 patients .The average dose was 62 .5g per patient .The most popular indication was for hypopro-teinemia (39 .1% ) followed by encephaledema ,craniocerebral trauma ,shock and tumors .Before the HSA therapy ,36 patients (56 .3% ) had albumin level of 15-25 g/L and 23 patients (35 .9% ) of 25-35 g/L .Conclusion HSA is widely used in ICU for different indications .Some misuses still exist .Guidelines for proper use of HSA are needed to guarantee its rational use .HSA should be used strictly following these guidelines .
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In this study, the three dimensional(3D)organoid culture system was established by liquid overlay method, and applied as an effective model to evaluate the hepatic injury of susceptible compounds in Polygonum multiflorum Thunb. Compared with the ordinary two dimensional(2D)culture of liver cells, the albumin expression of L02 cells and HepG2 cells were increased by 2.5 and 6.7 times in the 3D organoid culture system, respectively. After the cultivation of 21 days, urea generation levels of 3D culture were increased by 8.3 and 15.5 times. More importantly, HepG2 cells were more suitable to development of organoids than L02 cells. The gene expressions of phase I and II drug metabolism enzymes of HepG2 cells cultured as 3D organoids were significantly increased than that in 2D culture, such as the fold changes of CYP2C9 was up to 381.9, CYP3A4 to 87.0, CYP2D6 to 312.6. In addition, drug transporter relative genes were also up-regulated. The results demonstrated that the liver synthesis and metabolic function of the 3D model were better than that of the 2D cultured hepatocytes. The results of hepatotoxicity evaluation showed this developed model can be used to assess the hepatotoxicity of acetaminophen and other positive control drugs, which were considered with defined hepatotoxicity. On the 3D culture model, the IC50 value of repeated drug dose administration was significantly lower than that of single dose administration. However, the IC50 of 2,3,5,4'-tetrahydroxy-cis-stilbene-2-O-β-glucoside(cis-SG), which is the susceptible compound in Polygonum multiflorum Thunb., could not be detected in 2D cultured model. With the treatment of a single dose administration in organ 3D culture model, the IC50 of cis-SG was 1.9 times than that of cyclosporine A, and the IC50 of 2,3,5,4'-tetrahydroxy-trans-stilbene-2-O-β-glucoside(trans-SG)was 4.1 times than cis-SG. The hepatotoxicity results of cis-SG and trans-SG on the 3D cultures were similar to in vivo toxicity results obtained in previous work. On organ 3D culture model, the IC50 of cis-SG with repeat of administration decreased compared with that with single dose administration, suggesting that long-term medication may increase the risk of liver injury. In summary, the 3D organoid culture system can be used for a long period to preserve the capacity of liver synthesis and metabolism. The organoids were a model suitable for evaluation of mechanism of the drugs with low toxicity.
ABSTRACT
Objective To study the effects of family integrated care ( FIcare ) in the neonatal intensive care unit ( NICU) on preterm infants and their mothers′physical and mental health.Method From Jan 2016 to Dec 2016, preterm infants(birth weight 1000~2000 g;gestational age 26~34 weeks stabilized in NICU were randomly assigned into two groups:FIcare group and control group .The incidences of major diseases in infants , their mothers′depression score and anxiety score were studied .Result A total of 40 infants were assigned into two groups respectively .No significant differences existed between the two groups in gender , gestational age , brith weight , age, breastfeeding rate and their mothers′depression score and anxiety score (P>0.05).At discharge, the breastfeeding rate (90.0%vs.52.5%) and weight gain [(2258 ±112) g vs.(2105 ±103) g] of the FIcare group were significantly higher than the control group, and the hospital stay duration [(42.0 ±15.7) d vs.(43.5 ±14.3) d], hospitalization expenses [(40,000 ±18,000) RMB vs.(44,000 ±19,000) RMB], oxygen therapy duration [(10.4 ±5.7) d vs. (11.7 ±7.9) d], CPAP duration [(7.2 ±4.3) d vs.(8.1 ±5.0) d], mothers′depression score [(48.7 ±3.0) vs.(57.6 ±2.7)] and anxiety score [(49.4 ±1.1) vs.(61.1 ±1.9)]of the FIcare group were significantly lower than the control group ( P <0.05 ) . Conclusion Family-integrated care is beneficial for the recovery of preterm infants and their mother′s physical and mental health .