Linfoma no Hodgkin B folicular extranodal que afecta al colon: a propósito de un caso / Extra nodal follicular non-Hodgkin B lymphoma affecting the colon, on the basis of a case

Resumen Introducción: el linfoma no Hodgkin (LNH) es una enfermedad maligna que presenta una forma extraganglionar que afecta al tracto gastrointestinal hasta en un 50 % de los casos; el colon es el órgano que con menor frecuencia se ve comprometido por este linfoma. En los pocos casos que presentan afección, el compromiso es principalmente del ciego, por su gran contenido linfoide. Este caso es el de una paciente con compromiso del colon por masa en el ciego. Las biopsias reportan LNH folicular grado II, patrones folicular y difuso, siendo este tipo histológico el de mayor prevalencia y el que ha mostrado los mejores resultados con el manejo con quimioterapia (esquema R-CHOP) sola o en conjunto con radioterapia; también, en ocasiones, con cirugía. La paciente recibió tratamiento con evolución adecuada. La terapia conjunta es la que ha demostrado mayor sobrevida, aunque hay estudios en los que se han reportados buenos resultados con monoterapia, como el caso en cuestión. Caso clínico: mujer de 38 años, en quien se realiza una colonoscopia que muestra una lesión tumoral en el ciego, con patología compatible con LNH tipo B folicular extranodal, confirmado por inmunohistoquímica. Los estudios de extensión imagenológicos confirman la presencia de adenopatías abdominales y torácicas en conglomerados. Oncología inicia el manejo con quimioterapia con protocolo R-CHOP, con buena respuesta. Discusión y conclusiones: el LNH extranodal afecta muy rara vez al colon, razón por la que este caso es reportado. El manejo puede ser multidisciplinario y su pronóstico depende de las características individuales en cada caso.

Abstract Introduction: Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) is a malignant disease that presents in an extranodal form. It affects the gastrointestinal tract in up to 50% of cases with the colon being the least frequently compromised portion. In the few cases in which it is affected, the cecum is most often compromised due to its large lymphoid content. The colon of the patient presented here was compromised by a mass in the cecum. Biopsies showed grade II follicular NHL with follicular and diffuse patterns. This histological type has the highest prevalence and has shown the best results with chemotherapy (R-CHOP scheme) alone and in conjunction with radiation therapy and occasionally with surgery. The patient received treatment followed by adequate evolution. Combination therapy has been shown to result in longer survival times, although there are studies which have reported good results with monotherapy as in this case. Clinical Case: The patient was a 38-year-old woman. A colonoscopy showed a tumor in the cecum. Its pathology was compatible with extra-follicular follicular NHL type B which was confirmed by immunohistochemistry. Imaging extension studies confirmed abdominal and thoracic adenopathies in conglomerates. The oncology department treated the patient with a chemotherapy with R-CHOP protocol with a good response. Discussion and conclusions: Since extranodal NHL rarely affects the colons, this case deserved to be reported. Management can be multidisciplinary, but the prognosis depends on individual characteristics in each case.

Rosai-Dorfman Disease in Thoracic Spine: A Rare Case of Compression Fracture

Sinus histiocytosis with massive lymphadenopathy known as Rosai-Dorfman disease is characterized by painless bilateral cervical lymphadenopathy. Extranodal manifestations are uncommon and spinal involvement is rare. A 15-year-old man presented with intermittent midthoracic back pain only. He had no specific findings on neurologic examinations, hematologic and biochemical laboratory tests. Radiological examination of thoracic spine revealed collapse of T6 vertebrae with thoracic kyphosis and osteolytic lesion of T12 vertebra body. He underwent a removal of bone tumor, anterior reconstruction with mesh and pedicle screw fixation via posterior approach for pathologic confirmation and stabilization. Histopathologic study of the lesion revealed focal infiltration of large histiocytes showing emperipolesis. Immunochemistry stain of histiocytes was positive for CD68 and S-100 but negative for CD1a. This report presents a rare case and literature review of extranodal Rosai-dorfman disease in thoracic spine.

Autologous stem cell transplantation for diffuse large B-cell lymphoma with residual extranodal involvement

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) in Koreans is frequently accompanied by extranodal (EN) disease at the time of autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT). We sought to determine whether high EN involvement affected survival following ASCT in Koreans. METHODS: We reviewed 27 patients who had DLBCL with residual disease at ASCT: 13 with residual disease at nodal site(s) only and 14 with nodal and EN disease. RESULTS: Univariate analysis showed that disease status, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and performance status at ASCT were predictors of survival following ASCT. The number of EN sites, as categorized by the International Prognostic Index system, had no prognostic significance. When EN involvement at ASCT was classified as negative or positive, the 2-year overall survival for the negative group was 64%, significantly better than the 14% for the positive group (p=0.021), and the event-free survival for the negative group was 62%, significantly better than the 14% for the positive group (p=0.02). CONCLUSIONS: Patients who had DLBCL with residual EN involvement at ASCT showed worse outcomes following ASCT compared to those without EN disease.