Basic research and innovation management of frontier biotechnology / 中华医学科研管理杂志

Objective:To promote the development of basic research, clarify the development trend of frontier biotechnology, and strengthen scientific research management in project management, resource integration, risk supervision and other aspects.Methods:Through literature study and expert discussion, this paper analyzed the hot spots of frontier biotechnology research, and put forward suggestions for optimizing strategic tasks and innovation management from the perspective of innovation management.Results:The research of frontier biotechnology in our country showed a rapid development trend, but also faced with challenges such as insufficient technological innovation ability and relatively lagging management level. It is imperative to explore and establish a new scientific research management model and optimize the operation mechanism.Conclusions:The major research achievements of frontier biotechnology are emerging constantly, showing a trend of multi-disciplinary and multi-field integration. China should actively explore innovative management models, optimize and improve strategic tasks, improve the efficiency of scientific research management, and do a good job in supporting the realization of high-level scientific and technological self-reliance.

Determination of phenolic compounds and antioxidant potential of aqueous extracts of Curcuma longa L., Piper nigrum L. and Cuminum cyminum: an experimental and a quantum-mechanical study / Determinação de compostos fenólicos e potencial antioxidante dos extratos aquosos de Curcuma longa L., Piper nigrum L. e Cuminum cyminum: um estudo experimental e quanto-mecânico

Objectives: Evaluation of phenolic compounds and antioxidant activities of aqueous extracts of C. longa, P. nigrum and C. cyminum. In addition to proposing a quantum-mechanical model to evaluate the antioxidant activity. Methods: The aqueous extracts were prepared using roots of the Curcuma longa L., seeds of the Piper nigrum L. and seeds of Cuminum cyminum. The extracts were subjected to tests to detect and quantify phenolic compounds and to assess their antioxidant capacity by different methods. Furthermore, to investigate the electronic nature of the antioxidant activity of the main compounds present in these extracts, frontier molecular orbitals (FMOs) were obtained by the DFT/B3LYP/6-31G(d,p) level of theory. Results: After statistical analysis of the results, a greater number of phenolic compounds and better antioxidant activity was identified in the aqueous extracts of cumin (C. cyminum) in all three assays performed, when compared to the other extracts tested. The theoretical model based on the Pietro method is in agreement with the experimental results. Conclusion: This study has an innovative proposal with the trivial antioxidant activity combined with theoretical quantum-mechanical calculations that can serve to reduce costs and time and to predict the antioxidant activity of subsequent studies.

Objetivos: avaliar os compostos fenólicos e atividades antioxidantes dos extratos aquosos de C. longa, P. nigrum e C. cyminum bem como propor um modelo quanto-mecânico para avaliar a atividade antioxidante. Métodos: os extratos aquosos foram preparados por meio da utilização de raízes de Curcuma longa L., sementes de Piper nigrum L. e sementes de Cuminum cyminum. Os extratos foram submetidos a ensaios para detectar e quantificar compostos fenólicos e atividade antioxidante por diferentes métodos. Além disso, com objetivo de investigar a natureza eletrônica da atividade antioxidante dos principais compostos presentes nesses extratos, orbitais moleculares de fronteira (OMFs) foram obtidos pelo nível de teoria DFT/B3LYP/6-31G(d,p). Resultados: após as análises estatísticas dos resultados, a maior quantidade de compostos fenólicos com maior atividade antioxidante foi identificada no extrato aquoso do cominho (C. cyminum) em todos os ensaios realizados, quando comparados com os outros extratos testados. O modelo teórico baseado no método de Pietro está concordante com os resultados experimentais. Conclusão: este estudo possui uma proposta inovadora com a atividade antioxidante trivial combinada com cálculos quanto-mecânicos que podem servir para reduzir custos e tempo para predizer a atividade antioxidante de estudos futuros.

Reform and Practice of Ideological and Political Teaching in Frontier of Life Science / 中国生物化学与分子生物学报

The integration of " curriculum politics" into the graduate curriculum system is of great significance, and the curriculum reform under the pattern of " big ideology and politics" is constantly promoted. Frontier of life sciences is a compulsory course for biology graduate students in Hunan Normal University. It is committed to popularizing the frontier of biology development. It has rich ideological and political elements and is an excellent carrier to implement ideological and political education in the course. Based on the analysis of the current situation and existing problems of curriculum ideological and political teaching, teachers′ initiative in executing curriculum ideological and political teaching can be improved by establishing the concept of ideological and political teaching; performing curriculum ideological and political teaching design, and paying attention to the organic integration of curriculum cutting-edge and ideological and political elements; adopting the ideological and political teaching path of embedded curriculum, improving the ideological and political teaching effect of curriculum and other specific measures to effectuate reform practice, and realize the combination of popularization of cutting-edge knowledge and value guidance. Practice has proved that introducing ideological and political contents into professional courses can improve students′ learning initiative, guide students to establish correct values, and realize the effect of collaborative education of professional courses. Curriculum ideological and political education focuses on the construction, therefore curriculum content design is the prerequisite, teachers are the key, and curriculum management is the basic guarantee. Here we reflect on the practice of curriculum ideological and political education reform, in order to provide a reference for the ideological and political education of relevant biological professional courses.

Bibliometric analysis for research hotspot and frontier of ursolic acid / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE To e xplore the research hots pots and development frontiers of ursolic acid in recent 20 years，and to provide reference for researchers in this field. METHODS Research literatures related to ursolic acid in Web of Science from Jan. ， 1，2002 to Dec. 31，2021 were collected ，and visualization analysis was performed on countries or regions ，research institutions ， authors，journals and keywords involved in the literatures using CiteSpace software ，to obtain the spatial and temporal distribution of ursolic acid and research frontiers. The research status and development frontier of ursolic acid were further analyzed by analyzing keywords co-occurrence ，keyword emergence ，keyword clustering ，etc. RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS Totally 3 528 valid papers were included in this study ，and the top three countries were China ，India and the United States. Analysis of publishing institutions showed that Chinese Academy of Sciences ，Univisity of Karachi and China Medical University were the top 3 research institutions in the list of publication amount. Analysis of published journals showed that Molecules （127 articles），Journal of Ethnopharmacology（90 articles），Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry （75 articles）had high number of literatures on ursolic acid. The analysis of keyword analysis showed that pharmacological effects ，such as antitumor activity of ursolic acid ， antioxidant activity ，antibacterial activity and anti-inflammatory activity ，are always the focus of the research ；the mechanism ursolic acid induced apoptosis ，oxidative stress and autophagy ，the research on ursolic acid signaling pathway ，drug delivery of ursolic acid nanoparticles were the research direction in the future.

Twenty years in the 21st century: research hotspots and frontier analysis on Chinese medicine processing mechanism / 中国中药杂志

The research on the processing mechanism of Chinese medicine is the key and core foundation to improve processing technologies of Chinese medicine, formulate the quality standards of Chinese medicinal pieces, enhance the clinical efficacy of Chinese medicine, enrich Chinese medicine processing theories, and promote the development of Chinese medicine processing. Many researc-hers have conducted in-depth exploration on the processing mechanism of Chinese medicine in the 20 years in the 21 st century. Significant progress has been made in the transformation of chemical components during the processing, the change of active components in the body, the law of toxicity attenuation in the processing of toxic Chinese medicine, the mechanism of efficacy enhancement and toxicity attenuation of processing with auxiliary materials, and the application of new biomedical technologies. At present, the processing mechanism of multiple Chinese medicines has been preliminarily clarified, which has greatly promoted the development of Chinese me-dicine processing. The development of the processing mechanism of Chinese medicine reveals that the in vitro transformation of chemical components is combined with the in vivo absorption, transport, and metabolism, and the macroscopic biological effects of the organism are combined with the cells, molecules, targets, and pathways in the study of the processing mechanism of Chinese medicine. More attention has been paid to exploring the processing mechanism from the overall level, and a modern systematic research system on the processing mechanism of Chinese medicine has been initially formed. To further promote the scientific development of Chinese me-dicine processing, the present study proposed that the research on the processing mechanism of Chinese medicine should take Chinese medicine properties into account, focus on the influence of disease condition on the mode of action and effect strength of the drugs, comply with the characteristics of clinical compound compatibility of Chinese medicine, use the holistic view research strategies of systems bio-logy, and deeply explore the processing mechanism of Chinese medicine from traditional Chinese medicine theories and the characteristics of clinical medication of Chinese medicine.

Research hotspots and frontier trends in standardized residency training based on CiteSpace visual analysis software / 中华医学教育探索杂志

Objective:By analyzing visually field of standardized residency training from 2008 to 2018, and exploring the field research hotspots and the frontier trend, to provide direction and reference for the field of standardized residency training in our country.Methods:Using CiteSpace visualized analysis software as a research tool, a statistical analysis was conducted on 1 120 pieces of literature in the field of standardized residency training retrieved from the core database of Web of Science.Results:The research strength of standardized residency training was mainly concentrated in the United States, with a total output of 697 papers, accounting for 62.23% of the total number of articles published in the past decade. High yield author Gillespie C published 8 papers, and highly cited author Aggarwal R's paper was cited 54 times. Acad Med, a highly cited journal, was cited the most frequently, with 470 citations in past 10 years. High frequency key words were "resident", "education", "performance", etc. Mutators included "system", "older adult", "operating room", and so on.Conclusion:The research hotspots in the field of standardized residency training in recent ten years include the teaching of residents, the assessment of clinical ability of residents, the standardized patients, etc. Frontier trends focus on resident self-assessment system, surgical training, resident professional core competences, etc.

Teaching design and practice of Stem Cell Biology course for graduate students / 中华医学教育探索杂志

The stem cell biology plays an important role in the application and research of the clinical medicine and biology. The breakthrough of the therapies for a variety of human diseases depends on the rapid growth of stem cell biology. It is of great significance to set up graduate curriculum of stem cell biology in the medical college. This article elaborates the design and implementation of the course of Stem Cell Biology including the selection of the teaching materials, design of course outline, teaching content, evaluation methods, teaching introspection and other aspects, thus providing references and communications in this field.

Do feminino como estranho ao feminino infamiliar: deslizamentos entre fronteira e litoral / Le féminin entre l'étrange et l'inquietante étrangeté: déplacements entre frontière et littoral / The feminine between the strange and the uncanny: displacements between border and shore

Este trabalho visa extrair algumas consequências da diferença entre o feminino abordado como estranho (sendo por isso excluído e segregado na cultura e na neurose) e um feminino infamiliar, que atravessa cada ser falante à sua revelia como um modo de gozo que desmonta sua totalidade corporal. Buscamos sustentar a hipótese de que a abordagem do feminino como estranho é consequência da operação de recusa do feminino, tomado enquanto um feminino de ninguém. Nessa perspectiva, a recusa do feminino infamiliar retorna pela atribuição neurótica do feminino como algo estranho e invasivo. Nessa direção, apostamos aqui que essa articulação talvez nos permita situar o próprio modo de operação do gozo feminino enquanto infamiliar para o sujeito que dele se defende, tal como o encontramos na clínica da histeria. Como buscamos argumentar, a estrutura da neurose ­ e,comumente, da neurose histérica ­ busca fazer uma fronteira contra o feminino tomando-o como algo estranho, ao passo que o gozo feminino se encontra antes do lado do litoral, com seus avanços e recuos que não respeitamas fronteiras estabelecidas pelas defesas neuróticas.

Ce travail vise à extraire quelques conséquences de la différence entre le féminin abordé comme étrange (et donc exclu et ségrégué dans la culture et la névrose) et un féminin unheimlich, qui traverse chaque être parlant comme un mode de jouissance qui défait son totalité corporelle malgré soi-même. Nous cherchons à étayer l'hypothèse que l'approche du féminin comme étranger est une conséquence de l'opération de refus du féminin unheimlich, pris comme « féminin de personne ¼. Dans cette perspective, le refus du féminin unheimlich revient à travers l'attribution névrotique du féminin comme quelque chose d'étrange et d'envahissant. En ce sens, parions ici que cette articulation permettra peut-être de situer le mode même de fonctionnement de la jouissance féminine comme unheimlich pour le sujet qui s'en défend, tel qu'on le retrouve dans la clinique de l'hystérie. Comme nous argumentons, la structure de la névrose ­ et, communément, de la névrose hystérique ­ cherche à faire frontière contre le féminin en le prenant comme quelque chose d'étrange, tandis que la jouissance féminine se trouve plutôt du côté du littoral, avec des avancées et des retraites qui ne respectent pas les limites établies par les défenses névrotiques.

This work aims to develop some consequences from the difference between the feminine viewed as strange (being thus excluded and segregated in culture and in neurosis) and an uncanny feminine, which traverses each speaking being as a mode of enjoyment that de-consists their bodily totality despite their will. We raise the hypothesis that the approach of the feminine as strange is a consequence of an operation of refusal of the uncanny feminine, taken as a "feminine of no one". In this perspective, the refusal of the uncanny feminine returns by the neurotic attribution of the feminine as something strange and invasive. We thereby argue that such articulation might allow us to situate the mode of operation of the feminine enjoyment as uncanny for the subject that defends itself from it, such as we find it in the clinic of hysteria. As we try to state, the structure of neurosis ­ and, commonly, of hysteric neurosis ­ seeks to build a frontier against the feminine by interpreting it as something strange, meanwhile feminine enjoyment is rather found through the logic of the shore, with its advances and retreats that do not respect any boundaries set by neurotic defenses

Estratégias reprodutivas e evolução da fronteira agrícola na Amazônia brasileira: um estudo qualitativo em Machadinho d'Oeste / Reproductive strategies and development of the Brazilian Amazon agricultural frontier: a qualitative study in Machadinho d'Oeste / Estrategias reproductivas y evolución de la frontera agrícola en la Amazonía brasileña: un estudio cualitativo en Machadinho d'Oeste

Analisam-se as estratégias reprodutivas de duas coortes de mulheres que viveram seu período reprodutivo em diferentes estágios de evolução de uma região de fronteira agrícola na Amazônia brasileira. Entende-se por estratégia reprodutiva a adoção de determinado comportamento reprodutivo e contraceptivo segundo as possibilidades e adversidades oferecidas no contexto da fronteira. O objetivo é avaliar as mudanças nessa estratégia ao longo do processo de desenvolvimento desse tipo de fronteira. As distintas condições socioeconômicas que os estágios de desenvolvimento da fronteira oferecem tornariam as estratégias reprodutivas diferenciadas, influenciando as decisões das mulheres que viveram seu período reprodutivo nas fases iniciais ou nas mais avançadas da fronteira. Foram realizadas entrevistas semiestruturadas em Machadinho d'Oeste, Rondônia, com 60 mulheres. Os resultados apontam que, contrariamente ao referido na literatura, não haveria uma relação direta entre uso da terra e o número de filhos. O comportamento reprodutivo de cada coorte se relaciona mais à infraestrutura de serviços de saúde sexual e reprodutiva e às condições socioeconômicas individuais e da fronteira. Para ambos os grupos, porém, a união e a maternidade são precoces e existem elevada falha contraceptiva e alta proporção de laqueadura.

We analyze the reproductive strategies of two cohorts of women whose reproductive period was experienced in different stages of the agricultural frontier evolution in the Brazilian Amazon. Reproductive strategy consists of certain reproductive and contraceptive behaviors adjusted to the possibilities and adversities offered in the context of the frontier. We evaluate changes in reproductive and contraceptive strategies throughout the development process of the agricultural frontier. The different conditions throughout the development stages offered by the frontier would trigger different reproductive strategies, thus decisions would be different for women that lived their reproductive period during initial or more advanced stages of the frontier. We carried out semi-structured interviews with 60 women in Machadinho d'Oeste, Rondônia. Despite what the literature claims, the results indicate that there is no direct relationship between land use and number of children. Rather, the reproductive behavior of each cohort is related to the infrastructure of sexual and reproductive health services and to individual and frontier socioeconomic conditions. Despite the differences, union and childbearing occur at young ages in either stage, with a reasonable proportion of pregnancy due to contraceptive failure as well as a high rate of female surgical sterilization.

Se analizan las estrategias reproductivas de dos cohortes de mujeres que vivieron en diferentes etapas de evolución de una región de frontera agrícola en la Amazonia brasileña. Se entiende por estrategia reproductiva la adopción de ciertos comportamientos reproductivos y anticonceptivos de acuerdo a las posibilidades y adversidades del contexto de la frontera. Se busca evaluar los cambios en las mencionadas estrategias en la medida en que evoluciona una región de este tipo. Las diferentes condiciones socioeconómicas por las que pasa la frontera agrícola durante este proceso diferenciarían a las estrategias reproductivas al influir en las decisiones tomadas por las mujeres que vivieron su período reproductivo en las primeras o en las fases más avanzadas de la frontera. Se realizaron entrevistas semiestructuradas en Machadinho d'Oeste, Rondônia, a sesenta mujeres, cuyos resultados muestran —a diferencia de lo que señala la literatura— que no habría relación directa entre el uso de la tierra y el número de hijos. El comportamiento reproductivo de cada cohorte está más relacionado con la infraestructura de los servicios de salud sexual y reproductiva y con las condiciones socioeconómicas individuales y fronterizas. No obstante, para ambos grupos, la unión y la maternidad son precoces, se observan alta falla anticonceptiva y alta proporción de esterilización.

Route of chronic kidney patients foreigners in the search for health care in a border area / Trayectoria de extranjeros con enfermedad renal crónica en busca de asistencia sanitaria en la zona fronteriza / Percurso de estrangeiros doentes renais crônicos na busca por assistência à saúde em área fronteiriça

ABSTRACT Objectives: to describe the journey of foreigners with chronic kidney diseases searching for treatment in the Brazilian Unified Health System in a border area. Methods: this is a qualitative research conducted with thirteen foreign participants. Data were collected by interviews and analyzed based on the theoretical-methodological framework of the therapeutic itinerary. Results: empirical evidence showed seven thematic categories, indicating poor illness perception; poor family support throughout treatment; social aspects such as work, income, and housing as sources of distress; search for alternative treatments; interrupted search for healthcare abroad due to financial problems; journey to healthcare-seeking in Brazil eased by family members and social networks. Final considerations: the asymmetries within the Paraguayan and Brazilian health systems spur the search for cross-border integration actions. Identifying another country's assistance aspects may help in planning more welcoming policies in border regions.

RESUMEN Objetivo: describir la trayectoria de los extranjeros con enfermedad renal crónica que buscan tratamiento en el Sistema Único de Salud en un municipio fronterizo. Métodos: investigación cualitativa que realizó entrevistas a trece participantes extranjeros y que utilizó el marco teórico-metodológico del itinerario terapéutico en el análisis de datos. Resultados: los datos empíricos resultaron en siete categorías temáticas que indicaron: poca percepción acerca de la enfermedad; apoyo familiar dificultoso durante el tratamiento; aspectos sociales relacionados con el trabajo, los ingresos y la vivienda como fuente de angustia; búsqueda de tratamientos alternativos; búsqueda de asistencia sanitaria en el extranjero interrumpida por problemas financieros; camino recorrido en busca de asistencia sanitaria en Brasil facilitado por familiares y redes sociales. Consideraciones finales: las asimetrías en los sistemas de salud paraguayo y brasileño impulsan la búsqueda de integración de acciones de salud en la frontera. La identificación de aspectos subjetivos de la asistencia en otro país puede favorecer la planificación de políticas más acogedoras en las regiones fronterizas.

RESUMO Objetivo: descrever o percurso de estrangeiros doentes renais crônicos em busca de tratamento no Sistema Único de Saúde em um município fronteiriço. Métodos: pesquisa qualitativa com entrevista a treze participantes estrangeiros e análise de dados pautada no referencial teórico-metodológico do itinerário terapêutico. Resultados: os dados empíricos resultaram em sete categorias temáticas que indicaram: pouca percepção da doença; suporte familiar dificultado ao longo do tratamento; aspectos sociais que envolvem trabalho, renda e moradia como fonte de angústia; procura por tratamentos alternativos; busca por assistência à saúde no exterior interrompida por questões financeiras; caminho percorrido à procura de assistência à saúde no Brasil facilitado por familiares e redes sociais. Considerações finais: assimetrias dos sistemas de saúde paraguaio e brasileiro instigam a busca por integração das ações de saúde na fronteira. Identificar aspectos subjetivos da assistência em outro país pode favorecer o planejamento de políticas mais acolhedoras em regiões de fronteira.

Hot points and trendency of research on atopic dermatitis treated with Traditional Chinese Medicine / 国际中医中药杂志

Objective:To analyze of hot spots and cutting-edge dynamic researches on Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) treatment for atopic dermatitis (AD).Methods:The data were abstracted from the literature of AD from CNKI, VIP and WanFang database, during January 1st, 2000 to May 31st, 2021. CiteSpace was used to map Knowledge and visualize information on the law, research hot spots and trendency of TCM in the treatment of atopic dermatitis in recent 20 years.Results:A total of 478 articles were included, mainly from TCM colleges and universities in various provinces. Most of the cooperative institutions have subsidiary relationships, and there is less cross-agency and cross-regional cooperation. Hot research topics included AD, clinical research, TCM therapy, TCM syndrome differentiation, compound Glycyrrhizin, TCM external treatment, and TCM formular, forming 8 main clusters. Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine was the developing trend in the treatment of AD, and the establishment of animal models to evaluate the therapeutic effect is the research frontier.Conclusion:Knowledge mapping can show the evolution path, research hotspot and frontier of TCM in the treatment of AD, and lay a foundation for high quality researches.

Enlightenment of Efficiency Frontier Approach on the Methods of Pharmacoeconomic Evaluation in China / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE：To p rovide reference for pharmacoecono mic study in China. METHODS ：The key steps in the operation process of efficiency frontier approach （EFA）were analyzed ；the similarities and differences of EFA with cost-utility analysis（CUA）and cost-effectiveness analysis （CEA）were compared on the basis of case demonstration ；the enlightenment of EFA to pharmacoeconomic evaluation and related decision-making in China were puts forward combined with the practice of China. RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS ：The research framework of EFA could be roughly divided into 5 parts：cost calculation ，benefit definition，model establishment ，incremental analysis and sensitivity analysis. Benefit indicators were the measurement indicators of health output in EFA ，including clinical indicators and comprehensive indicators ，among which comprehensive indicators were more widely used. When constructing the efficiency frontier ，the benefit of the intervention measures was generally taken as the ordinate and the cost of the intervention measures as the abscissa. The cost-benefit coordinate points of each alternative intervention measure in a specific disease field constituted the cost-benefit plane frontier. Researchers conducted economic evaluation by judging the relative position between each alternative intervention measure and the efficiency frontier. Thewillingness to pay threshold was numerically equal to the reciprocal of the ray slope outside the efficiency frontier. Generally speaking ，EFA was similar to CUA and CEA. All of them needed to clarify the cost and health output ，model analysis ， data source and uncertainty analysis ；however，EFA was different from CUA and CEA in intervention measures and control selection，expression form of evaluation results ，willingness to pay threshold ，etc. It is suggested that the payers in China can consider using EFA to calculate the willingness to pay threshold of specific disease areas to ensure the accessibility of some drugs in short supply ；establish a health insurance database of specific diseases to standardize the data quality and form a clear evaluation standard at the same time ，or combine a variety of pharmacoeconomic evaluation methods to enrich the application materials so as to ensure both clinical value and economy of the intervention measure.

Aculturación de estudiantes paraguayos en la región de frontera brasileña / Aculturação de estudantes paraguaios na região de fronteira brasileira / Acculturation of paraguayan students in the brazilian frontier region

O presente estudo teve o objetivo de identificar os padrões de aculturação (assimilação, integração, separação e marginalização) de estudantes paraguaios no contexto escolar brasileiro, considerando a sua adaptação psicológica e sociocultural. Realizou-se um estudo quantitativo com 231 estudantes paraguaios e de descendência paraguaia, com idades entre 13 e 16 anos. A maioria dos estudantes adotou assimilação e integração como estratégias de aculturação e considerou fácil lidar com dois ou três idiomas, usando-os na escrita e na oralidade, o que sugere adaptação psicológica e cultural adequadas.

En el presente estudio se tuvo el objetivo de identificar los patrones de aculturación (asimilación, integración, separación y marginalización) de estudiantes paraguayos en el contexto escolar brasileño, considerando su adaptación psicológica y sociocultural. Se realizó un estudio cuantitativo con 231 estudiantes paraguayos y de descendencia paraguaya, con edades entre 13 y 16 años. La mayor parte de los estudiantes adoptó asimilación e integración como estrategias de aculturación y consideró fácil lidiar con dos o tres idiomas, usándolos en la escritura y en la oralidad, lo que sugiere adaptación psicológica y cultural adecuadas.

This study aimed to identify the acculturation strategies (assimilation, integration, separation, and marginalization) of Paraguayan students in the Brazilian school context, considering their psychological and sociocultural adaptation. A quantitative study was carried out with 231 students from Paraguay, or from Paraguayan descent, aged 13 to 16 years. Most students adopted assimilation and integration as acculturation strategies and found it easy to deal with two or three languages at the same time, in writing and speaking, which suggests appropriate psychological and cultural adaptation.

Solving major scientific and engineering problems of TCM based on supramolecular "qi chromatography" theory of TCM / 中草药

Based on the current situation and development trend of the modernization of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) theory, combined with three major frontier scientific problems and three major engineering and technical problems needed to be solved, the crux of the modernization problem of TCM was identified, the way to solve the modernization problem of TCM was put forward, and the decisive role of supramolecular "qi chromatography" theory of TCM in cracking these problems was elaborated. The human body and Chinese materia medica are observed clearly in the long history of biological evolution in nature, while supramolecular chemistry has played an important role in analyzing the evolutionary trajectory of life and tracing the origin of TCM theory. In the long process of biological evolution in nature, all kinds of molecules in nature follow supramolecular chemistry, forming supramolecular bodies according to "imprinted template" step by step, from simple to complex, from inanimate inorganic complexes to living enzyme systems, from single simple molecules to complex supramolecular machines, through which the interaction of the biological molecules runs in the chain of organisms composed of supramolecular bodies. Meridians, which are the result of the orderly arrangement of the "imprinted template" channel structure step by step, are the basic form to control molecules. Under the impetus of human heart beating, the small molecules substances dissolved in blood migrate into and act on according to the "imprinting template" embed in main macromolecule of meridians and viscera. It shows the anisotropy of the action of meridians and viscera on small molecules, that is visceral phenomena, on which the essential of life science and the original theory of "principle", "method", "prescription" and "medicine" for TCM will be clarified. Major scientific and engineering problems of TCM will be solved on the basis of supramolecular chemistry, and the basic theory of TCM will be reconstructed and modernized into a union with contemporary medicine.

Fronteiras, mobilidades e desigualdades: uma reflexão sobre a escola de/na fronteira / Borders, mobilities and inequalities: a reflection on the school of/at international border / Fronteras, movilidades y desigualdades: una reflexión sobre la escuela de/ en la frontera

As fronteiras são consideradas como zona de tensão e conflitos vivenciados nas relações dialéticas de exclusão/inclusão, espaços de incessante reconstrução identitária e cultural. Nessa perspectiva, compreendendo a educação como um processo social, este estudo tem como objetivo fazer uma reflexão sobre a educação formal no contexto de/na fronteira de Corumbá (Brasil), Puerto Suarez e Puerto Quijarro (Bolívia), com foco nos alunos de origem boliviana que estudam em escolas do lado brasileiro. Trata-se de um estudo teórico com referência empírica, respaldado em projetos de pesquisa e fundamentado na perspectiva da Psicologia histórico-cultural. A metodologia utilizada foi a pesquisa bibliográfica, e os resultados destacam a necessidade de políticas de educação voltadas para o trânsito entre diferenças e territórios identitários, assim como de discussões que passem pelo campo das políticas linguísticas e educacionais para a diversidade.

International borders are considered a zone of tension and conflicts experienced in the dialectical relations of exclusion/inclusion, spaces of incessant identity and cultural reconstruction. From this perspective, considering education as a social process, this study aims to reflect on formal education in the context of/on the border of Corumbá (Brazil), Puerto Suarez and Puerto Quijarro (Bolivia), focusing on students of Bolivian origin who study at schools on the Brazilian side of the border. This is a theoretical study with empirical reference, supported by research projects and based on the perspective of historical-cultural Psychology. The methodology used was literature research, and the results highlight the need for education policies aimed at the transit between identity and territories differences, as well as discussions that go through the field of linguistic and educational policies for diversity.

Las fronteras son consideradas zonas de tensión y conflictos experimentados en las relaciones dialécticas de exclusión/inclusión, espacios de identidad incesante y reconstrucción cultural. En esa perspectiva, se considera la educación como un proceso social. Este estudio tiene como objetivo hacer una reflexión sobre la educación formal en el contexto de/en la frontera de Corumbá (Brasil), Puerto Suárez y Puerto Quijarro (Bolivia), centrándose en los estudiantes de origen boliviana que estudian en escuelas del lado brasileño de la frontera. Se trata de un estudio teórico con referencia empírica, apoyado en proyectos de investigación que fundamenta sus datos en la perspectiva de la Psicología histórico-cultural. Se utilizó una metodología de investigación bibliográfica y los resultados destacan la necesidad de políticas educativas destinadas al tránsito entre las diferencias y los territorios de identidad, así como las discusiones que atraviesan el campo de las políticas lingüísticas y educativas para la diversidad.

Hydrological calibration and validation of the MGB-IPH model for water resource management in the upper Teles Pires River basin in the Amazon-Cerrado ecotone in Brazil / Calibração e validação do modelo MGB-IPH para gestão de recursos hídricos na bacia do alto Rio Teles Pires, ecótono Amazônia-Cerrado, Brasil

The upper Teles Pires River basin is located in the Brazilian agriculture frontier in the north of Mato Grosso state and has experienced significant changes in land use and cover, which can cause major changes in its hydrological dynamics. Climatic and hydrologic data are scarce in the region, which poses uncertainties in the decision-making process aiming at the sustainable management of water resources in this strategic area. The aim of this study was to evaluate the performance of the Large-Scale Distributed Hydrological Model (MGB-IPH) to assess water availability of the upper Teles Pires basin and support water resource management in the Amazon-Cerrado ecotone. The MGB-IPH model was calibrated and validated using data from three streamflow stations available in the basin. In order to verify the model performance, the Nash-Sutcliffe (NS) and the PBIAS statistical parameters were applied. Our results show that, by using the MGB-IPH model with generally available data, the maximum and minimum flow regimes can be successfully assessed in the upper Teles Pires basin. The continuity curves of daily flow simulated by the model showed a good fit with the observed flow. Overall, the results demonstrated the applicability of the MGB-IPH model for water resource assessment and management in the basin. (AU)

A bacia do alto Rio Teles Pires está localizada na região de fronteira agrícola no norte de Mato Grosso, onde significativas mudanças no uso e cobertura do solo vem ocorrendo, o que, por sua vez, pode resultar em alterações importantes na dinâmica hidrológica da bacia. Dados climáticos e hidrológicos são escassos na bacia, o que gera dificuldades para a gestão sustentável dos recursos hídricos nesta região estratégica. No presente trabalho, avaliamos o desempenho do Modelo de Grandes Bacias (MGB-IPH) para a estimativa da disponibilidade hídrica da bacia do alto Teles Pires, visando o suporte à tomada de decisões para a gestão hídrica no ecótono Amazônia-Cerrado. O modelo MGB-IPH foi calibrado e validado utilizando séries históricas de três estações hidrométricas presentes na bacia. Para avaliação da qualidade do modelo, foram empregados os índices estatísticos de desempenho de Nash-Sutcliffe (NS) e a porcentagem BIAS (PBIAS). Com base nos resultados é possível afirmar que a utilização do modelo MGB-IPH possibilita a estimativa das vazões mínimas e máximas da bacia do alto Teles Pires de forma satisfatória. As curvas de continuidade das vazões diárias simuladas pelo modelo apresentaram um bom ajuste com os dados observados. Os resultados demonstram a aplicabilidade do modelo MGB-IPH como ferramenta de apoio à avaliação e gestão dos recursos hídricos na bacia.(AU)

Research frontier and evolution analysis of critical care fields based on CNKI / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective@#To comb the thread and trend of critical care fields in China for nearly 15 years, analyze research frontiers, demonstrate research evolution paths, provide reference for researchers and clinicians to carry out related work.@*Methods@#Using CiteSpace software and CNKI database to retrieve research literature about critical care from 2004 to 2018 in China for visual analysis.@*Results@#A total of 3 049 valid articles were retrieved. The research frontiers were mainly about emergency and critical nursing, nursing quality management, intensive care, clinical teaching quality and ICU nurses. Research trends from critical care, critically ill patients, disease condition change, to quality control, family members, nursing skills, basic nursing, now gradually turned to humanized care, nursing strategies, sustainable human care concepts, evolution map showed that emerging trend was more active.@*Conclusions@#In last 15 years, research fields of critical care in China have evolved actively, exploring research frontiers, focus on important topics such as evidence-based nursing,humanistic care nursing concept, intensive care information system, and cluster management strategy, extending and deepening professional development of critical care.

Economical operating and technical efficiency of provincial hospitals in Zhejiang: based on Stochastic frontier analysis / 中华医院管理杂志

Objective To analyze the economical operation and technical efficiency of Zhejiang provincial hospitals, and give references for deepening public hospitals reform.Methods We compiled data from 17 provincial public hospitals from 2013 to 2017 in Zhejiang, then used descriptive analysis to study hospitals′operating performance, and used stochastic frontier analysis( SFA) to analyze hospitals′ technical efficiency.Results From 2013 to 2017, the 17 provincial hospitals′ annual growth rate of outpatients and discharges were 5.2% and 9.5% , the number of outpatients and discharges at the general hospitals were 1.8 times and 2.5 times of those in specialized hospitals respectively.In these hospitals, service efficiency had been improved, and the income structure had become more reasonable.However, internal and external factors of the hospitals lowered technical inefficiency in their economic operation. Conclusions The economic operation mechanism of provincial hospitals should be further strengthened, and their external environment be improved as well.Only in this way can the hospitals achieve their operational goal of " doing the right thing and in the right way".

Analysis of the scientific research efficiency of hospital department based on stochastic frontier method / 中华医学科研管理杂志

Objective Based on the data of scientific research output in a top three hospital in Beijing from 2015 and 2016,stochastic frontier analysis is conducted to estimate the efficiency of scientific research performance in different departments of this hospital,so as to draw the impetus for the growth of departments.Methods According to the results of the stochastic frontier model,comprehensive analysis and evaluation are conducted for the research performance of various departments.Results The overall average technical efficiency of the hospital is 0.44,and improvement space for the technical efficiency of scientific research performance is still 0.56.There are significant differences in the technical efficiency of each department.Among the four major categories,the D section is higher than the technical efficiency of class A,B and C departments.Conclusions The overall technical efficiency of the hospital is not high,the level of scientific research output of the four types of departments is not balanced,which should be emphasized in the improvement of scientific research performance level.

Think tank development-oriented subject service in academic medical libraries / 中华医学图书情报杂志

After the advantages and processes of medical library in development of think tank were described with the practice of Capital Medical University Library as an example,the role of academic medical libraries in providing reference for decision-making for subject construction in colleges and universities was studied on the basis of subject bibliometric evaluation and keeping abreast of subject frontiers in their think tank development-oriented subject service.