Adaptation to university studies affects on functional state of freshmen

According to different researches, 30% of university graduates have a low level of health, and studying at university is one of the factors of its deterioration, besides the first year is considered critical. The purpose of research is to study the dynamics of physical development, physical fitness and functional state of young men during the first year of university studies. For the survey we used standard measurements and index calculations for 11 indicators of physical development, 9 indicators of physical fitness and 15 indicators of functional status. We calculated the arithmetic mean (M), the standard error of the mean (m), then evaluated differences by the Student criterion (t) for independent samples and considered them as reliable atр < 0.05. It is shown that during the first year of studies, young men have an increase in the Erismann index, the corpulence (Rohrer's) index, the body mass index and a decrease in the Pignet index. There is also an increase in the coefficient of endurance, adaptive capacity and diastolic pressure, while vital capacity of the lungs, the vital index, time of hanging on the bar and the speed of running 1000 m decrease. The dynamics of physical development is expressed in a change in mass-growth indices and indicates an increase in body weight. The dynamics of physical fitness is expressed in a decrease of the time of hanging on the bar and the speed of running 1000 m. The dynamics of the functional state is expressed in a decrease of vital capacity of the lungs, vital index, increase in the coefficient of endurance, adaptive capacity and diastolic blood pressure.

Complex Method For Assessing The Psychophysiological State Of The Arctic Zone Of Russia Residents

@#Objectives: For the timely detection of the people's health problems in the Arctic zone we used in parallel methods of heart rhythm variability (HRV) and gas-discharge visualization (GDV). Subjects: A group of 120 volunteers - male residents of Murmansk region in Russia's Arctic zone divided into two age groups: 58 people aged 31.54±5.69 and 62 people aged 54.31±7.26 participated in a study. Results: Age-related differences in the associated indicators of GDV grams and HRV were shown with many correlations between the two methods. Conclusions: The results obtained testify to a deep interrelation and coherence of the system energetic processes of metabolism in the human body, and the fact that the human body is an integral complex hierarchical system of information-energetic interactions, the scientific study, and understanding of which can lead to further advances in both fundamental pieces of knowledges and contribute to the optimization of diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of non-infectious diseases. The results obtained confirm the validity of using the selected set of methods as promising methods for evaluating the human body's psychophysiological state for further practical implementation in practical health care.

Relation between transcranial doppler findings, neuroimaging and functional state in the first days of acute cerebrovascular accidents- hemorrhagic and ischemic in patients admitted to the Ardabil city hospital during 2015-2016

Background: Cerebrovascular accident (CVA) is the third leading cause of death in the United States. Considering the diagnostic and clinical value of sonography of extra cranial vessels of the brain, identifying findings obtained from patients suspected of having CVA and Transient Ischemic Attack (TIA) and their prevalence is of great importance. The aim of this study was to investigate the relation between TCD finding, neuroimaging and functional state of ischemic and hemorrhagic CVA patients.Methods: This was a cross-sectional study that has been done on 100 stroke patients admitted to Ardabil city hospital from March 2015 to March 2016. Patients underwent to CT-scan, doppler sonography, and TCD. The obtained data were analyzed by statistical methods in SPSS version 21.Results: The mean age of the patients was 66.3±11 years and 53% were women. High blood pressure, history of heart disease, smoking, and diabetes were the major risk factors in the present study. Fifty eight percent of the patients had moderate to severe disability in their functional status. Atheroma plaques, intima-media thickening, and the change of speed in the external carotid artery were most frequent in doppler sonography investigations. There was no significant correlation between the obtained results from TCD and the functional status of the patients.Conclusions: Considering the non-significant correlation between TCD results and the functional state of the patients in this study, for exactly study of this topic, study the TCD of patients on several different days and after starting treatment is essential.

Perfis de idosos praticantes de atividades prazerosas: características sociodemográficas, vulnerabilidade social e funcionalidade / Profiles of older people who practice pleasant events: sociodemographic aspects, social vulnerability and functionality / Perfiles de ancianos practicantes de actividades placenteras: características sociodemográficas, vulnerabilidad social y funcionalidad

Este estudo mapeou perfis de idosos praticantes de atividades prazerosas e relacionou tais perfis com variáveis sociodemográficas e estado funcional. Idosos (n=330) sem comprometimento cognitivo, residentes da comunidade e com diferentes níveis de vulnerabilidade social (acessado pelo Índice Paulista de Vulnerabilidade Social) responderam um questionário sociodemográfico, a escala de Pfeffer (funcionalidade) e o OPPES-BR (prática de atividades prazerosas). Por meio da análise de cluster combinando-se o método hierárquico e não-hierárquico foram identificados cinco perfis de idosos: muito ativos; muito ativos sociáveis; minimalistas; pouco ativos contemplativos; e pouco ativos intelectuais. Manter alta frequência em diversos tipos de atividades prazerosas associou-se à maior escolaridade, menor vulnerabilidade social e menor dependência funcional. O perfil dos pouco ativos contemplativos foi o mais vulnerável, com maior declínio funcional, vulnerabilidade social e taxa de analfabetismo. Diante da diversidade de perfis de idosos, são necessárias políticas públicas favorecedoras ao acesso a atividades prazerosas, principalmente aos mais vulneráveis. (AU)

This study mapped profiles of older adults who participated in pleasant events, and related these profiles with sociodemographic and functional state. Older adults (n=330) without cognitive impairments, community residents and with different social vulnerability levels (accessed by the Paulista Index of Social Vulnerability) answered a sociodemographic questionnaire, the Pfeffer Scale (functionality) and the OPPES-BR (involvement in pleasant activities). By applying a cluster analysis, which combined the hierarchical and non-hierarchical method, five profiles of older adults were identified: highly active; highly socially active; minimalists; little active contemplative; and little active intellectual. Maintaining high frequency in pleasant activities was associated with a higher education, lower social vulnerability, and less functional dependence. The little active contemplative was the most vulnerable profile, with higher scores on functional decline, social vulnerability, and illiteracy rates. Considering the diversity of the older adult's profiles, public policies favoring the access to pleasant events are needed, especially for the most vulnerable ones. (AU)

Este estudio diseñó perfiles de ancianos que practican actividades placenteras y relacionó estos perfiles con variables sociodemográficas y estado funcional. Los ancianos (n = 330) sin comprometimiento cognitivo, residentes de la comunidad y con diferentes niveles de vulnerabilidad social (accesado por el Índice Paulista de Vulnerabilidad Social) respondieron un cuestionario sociodemográfico, Escala de Pfeffer (funcionalidad) y el OPPES-BR (práctica de actividades placenteras). Por medio de análisis de Cluster, combinando el método jerárquico y no-jerárquico, fueron identificados cinco perfiles de ancianos: muy activos; muy activos sociables; minimalistas; poco activos contemplativos; y poco activos intelectuales. Mantener alta frecuencia en diversas actividades placenteras presentó una asociación con mayor escolaridad, menor vulnerabilidad social y menor dependencia funcional. El perfil de los poco activos contemplativos fue el más vulnerable, con mayor declive funcional, vulnerabilidad social y tasa de analfabetismo. Ante la diversidad de perfiles de ancianos, son necesarias políticas públicas que favorezcan el acceso a actividades placenteras, principalmente a los más vulnerables. (AU)

Analysis of Methods for Evaluating the Functional State and Physical Fitness of Men and Women in The Second Period of Adulthood

Methods for evaluating the functional state of the body and physical fitness of men and women in the second period of adulthood have been analyzed in the article. The timely diagnosis of these indicators allows to optimally distribute exercises and adjust them to each trainee. Indicators of the functional state of the body and physical fitness should be analyzed in combination, as it allows to obtain more accurate results. Materials. Analysis of methods for evaluating the physical and functional state of the body is presented in the article. Methods. The following research methods have been used in the article: analysis and systematization of scientific and methodological literature, pedagogical experiment, testing, and statistical data processing. Results. The research has been conducted with the purpose of analyzing the existing methods for evaluating the physical and functional state of the body. The results of a comprehensive research of the indicators of the functional state and physical fitness are more accurate because the human factor is taken into account (the participants could not accurately meet the targets in the calculation). The results have led to a conclusion about the need to use a wide range of methods for diagnosing the functional state and physical fitness. Conclusion. Conditions for correct performance should be honored in functional tests and physical fitness tests, as this influences the reliability of the data. The results have led to a conclusion about the need to use a wide range of m

Impact of the motor activity of men and women in the second period of adulthood on physical fitness and functional indicators

The motor activity belongs to controllable factors that influence human health because it ensures disease prevention. Analysis of scientific publications has revealed that motor activity of adult people is insufficient; this leads to the development of hypodynamia and worsens health. The level and nature of motor activity should correspond to the peculiarities of the body (age, gender, functional state, physical fitness, etc.). This problem requires the study of the relationship between the motor activity of the adult men and women and their indicators of physical fitness and functional state of the body. The relationship between the motor activity and indicators dependent on it has been reviewed in the article. The impact of the motor activity on the functional state of the body and physical fitness has been determined. The results have led to a conclusion that the motor activity of adults should be analyzed along with the study of indicators of functional state and physical fitness.

Research on Technology Roadmap and Basic Data of Traditional Chinese Medicine Health Project Development / 世界科学技术-中医药现代化

This article was aimed to propose and develop traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) health engineering, using modern science and technology, in order to carry out the detection research which reflected TCM features of human functional state. It was an important way to achieve TCM diagnosis and the objective evaluation on therapeutic effects of TCM. The combination of TCM health engineering with information technology, and the formation of TCM functional state intelligent identification system, as well as the extension into the Health Internet of Things (HIT) could provide more accurate and convenient services for human healthcare in the age of big health. And identification on TCM syndromes was the core to achieve this goal. Using characterization data on TCM syndromes could realize the data processing between TCM syndrome and prescription through intelligent computing, in order to form the TCM syndrome differentiation and treatment intelligent system. It had great significance in the promotion of TCM health project.

Comorbilidad, estado funcional y terapéutica farmacológica en pacientes geriátricos / Comorbidity, functional state and drug therapy in geriatric patients

Introducción: el envejecimiento poblacional es un desafío para las sociedades y es necesario que los recursos humanos dedicados a la atención del anciano se nutran de conocimientos que dinamicen un adecuado manejo farmacoterapéutico a este grupo poblacional muy vulnerable por su comorbilidad y por una respuesta peculiar a los medicamentos. Objetivo: determinar la interrelación entre comorbilidad, estado funcional y consumo de medicamentos. Métodos: investigación descriptiva, de tipo transversal, cuyo universo estuvo conformado por todos los ancianos de 60 años y más que ingresaron en el Hospital Calixto García durante el año 2007. Se acopió información de una muestra aleatoria de 267 pacientes. Se consideraron variables de respuesta la comorbilidad, el deterioro funcional y la polifarmacia. Se creó una base de datos validada automáticamente para la confirmación de su congruencia. Resultados: el mayor consumo de medicamentos correspondió a las edades comprendidas entre 80 y 89 años; 263 (98,5 porciento) ancianos presentaban comorbilidad y de ellos 211 (79 porciento) tenían polifarmacia asociada a un promedio de 5 fármacos por paciente. Los adultos mayores que clasificaron en la categoría más afectada de la evaluación funcional fueron los de mayor edad, los que también se relacionaron con mayor comorbilidad y consumo de medicamentos. Conclusiones: la comorbilidad y el deterioro funcional en ancianos se relacionan estrechamente con el consumo elevado de medicamentos, lo que repercute negativamente en su estado de salud, de ahí que es imprescindible que los profesionales de la atención primaria pongan especial atención en el manejo fármacoterapéutico en sus adultos mayores

Introduction: population aging represents a challenge for all the societies, hence it is necessary that the human resources devoted to take care of aged persons be well documented for the adequate drug and therapeutic management of this particular population, which is highly vulnerable due to its comorbidity and its particular drug response. Objective: to determine the interrelation between comorbidity, functional state and drug consumption. Method: a cross-sectional and descriptive study was carried out, which included all 60 and over years-old patients, admitted to Calixto García hospital in 2007. The response variables were comorbidity, functional deterioration and multiple drug consumption. Data was collected on a random sample of 267 patients. An automatically-validated database was created to confirm congruency. Results: the greatest use of drugs was found in the 80 to 89 years old age group. It was found that 263 older people (98.5 percent) suffered comorbidity and 211 of them (79 percent) took 5 drugs as an average. The oldest persons accounted for the worst functional state evaluation, the highest index of comorbidity and the greatest use of drugs. Conclusions: both comorbidity and functional deterioration are closely related to drug consumption in the older people, all of which has a negative impact on their health state. It is indispensable that the primary health professionals pay special attention to the drug and therapeutic management of the older adults under their care

Evaluación de la capacidad y percepción de autocuidado del adulto mayor en la comunidad / Assessment of the capability and perception of self-care of elderly in community

Medir salud en el paciente anciano resulta complejo, pues es medir la resultante de diversas variables de carácter biológico, psicológico y social, por lo que la salud del anciano debe medirse en correspondencia con su funcionabilidad. Motivado por esto se realizó un estudio descriptivo transversal en el municipio Holguín con el objetivo de evaluar la capacidad y percepción de autocuidado del Adulto Mayor en la comunidad. De un universo de 354 ancianos de 3 consultorios, se seleccionaron 195, a los cuales se les aplicó un Instrumento diseñado al efecto para medir su nivel de autocuidado. Los resultados arrojaron que el 50,5 por ciento de los hombres y el 43,3 por ciento de las mujeres no se cuida adecuadamente, existe un déficit de autocuidado cognoscitivo-perceptivo en el 46,7 por ciento, un 9,8 por ciento tienen déficit parcial y 5,6 por ciento déficit total. De los 121 pacientes cuyo nivel de autocuidado es inadecuado el 75,2 por ciento son independientes y el 63,6 por ciento perciben su estado de salud aparentemente sano, concluyéndose que no obstante la gran mayoría de los adultos mayores estudiados ser independientes para realizar las actividades de la vida diaria, estos no desarrollan adecuadamente sus capacidades de autocuidado, por lo que el grado funcional independiente es una condición necesaria pero no suficiente para un buen autocuidado, los adultos mayores que perciben algún riesgo para su salud se cuidan más que los que se perciben sanos. El instrumento aplicado define la actividad de autocuidado en las personas mayores, recomendándose su introducción en la evaluación gerontológica en la Atención Primaria de Salud(AU)

To measure health in the old patient is complex, because it is to measure the resultant of diverse variables of biological, psychological and social character, for what the health in old man should be measured in correspondence with their functional state. Motivated for this reason was carried out a traverse descriptive study in the municipality Holguin, with the objective of evaluating the capacity and perception of self-care of the old men in the community. Of an universe of 354 elderly people of 3 clinics, 195 were selected, to which were applied an Instrument designed to the effect to measure their level of self-care. The results indicated that 50,5 percent of the men and 43,3 percent of the women don't their care appropriately, a deficit of cognitive-perceptive self-care exists in 46,7 percent, 9,8 percent has partial deficit and 5,6 percent total deficit. Of the 121 patients whose level of self-care is inadequate, 75,2 percent is independent and 63,6 percent perceives its seemingly healthy state of health, being concluded that nevertheless the great majority of the studied old men to be independent to carry out the activities of the daily life, they don't develop its capacities of self-care appropriately, for what the independent functional degree is a necessary but not enough condition for a good self-care, the elderly people that perceive some risk for its health take care more than those that are perceived healthy. The applied instrument defines the activity of self-care in the study patients, being recommended its introduction in the geriatric evaluation in the Primary Attention of Health(AU)

Impact of delirium on mortality and cognitive and functional performance among elderly people with femoral fractures

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the evolution of cognitive and functional performance and mortality among elderly patients who were delirious during hospitalization due to femoral fracture. STUDY TYPE: Prospective cohort. LOCATION: Orthopedics and Traumatology Institute of HC-FMUSP; geriatric orthopedic ward. PATIENTS: 103 patients, aged 60 years or over, who were hospitalized in the geriatric orthopedics ward with femoral fracture in 2001-2002. Thirty of them (29.1 percent) presented with delirium during their hospital stay and were compared with another 73 (70.9 percent) who did not present with delirium. There were six deaths, and 97 patients were discharged from the hospital. We obtained information on 85 of these patients four years after discharge; 42 patients were still alive and 43 had died at the time of the evaluation. METHODS: Data on vital status was obtained for 85 patients. For the 42 survivors, we acquired information on their basic activities of daily living (ADL), instrumental activities of daily living (IADL), and cognitive performance (BDRS) by means of telephone interview with the same caregivers who had provided information at the time of the hospitalization. We compared this data with that obtained during their hospitalizations four years prior. For the 43 patients who died, we obtained information regarding their deaths and used this data in the analysis of mortality. RESULTS: No relationships were observed between delirium and mortality, delirium and cognitive loss, or delirium and functional loss, after four years from discharge of elderly patients with hip fractures. An initial cognitive deficit was a predictor for mortality (RR = 2.54; p = 0.016), functional loss (OR = 1.80; p = 0.027) and cognitive loss (OR = 1.53; p = 0.024). Cognitive loss was also related to age. CONCLUSIONS: Delirium had no impact on mortality or functional or cognitive losses in long term evolution (2 years) among elderly patients with femoral...

OBJETIVO: Avaliar efeito do delirium na mortalidade e na evolução dos desempenhos cognitivo e funcional em idosos com fratura de fêmur, 4 anos após a alta hospitalar. ESTUDO: coorte, prospectivo. LOCAL: Instituto de Ortopedia e Traumatologia do HC-FMUSP; Enfermaria de Ortopedia Geriátrica. PACIENTES: 103 pacientes com 65 anos ou mais, consecutivos, internados em 2001-2002, na enfermaria de ortopedia geriátrica, por fratura de fêmur. 30 idosos (29,1 por cento) apresentaram delirium durante a internação e foram comparados com os 73 que evoluíram sem delirium (30 casos x 73 controles). Houve 6 óbitos, 97 receberam alta hospitalar. O estudo atual mostra reavaliação de 85 desses pacientes. MÉTODOS: Dentre os 85 pacientes, temos 43 óbitos e 42 sobreviventes. Foram obtidos dados de atividades básicas de vida diária (ADL), atividades instrumentais de vida diária ( IADL), desempenho cognitivo (Blessed), referentes aos sobreviventes, através de entrevista telefônica com os mesmos cuidadores que forneceram as informações durante a internação . Comparamos esses dados com aqueles de 4 anos atrás (42 pacientes). Dos pacientes que foram a óbito, obtivemos data e causa de óbito. Dados referentes aos 85 pacientes entraram na análise de mortalidade. RESULTADOS: Não foram observadas relações entre delirium e mortalidade, delirium e perda cognitiva, delirium e perda funcional. Déficit cognitivo inicial foi preditor de mortalidade (RR= 2,54 ; p=0,016), perda funcional (OR=1,80; p=0,027) e perda cognitiva(OR=1,53; p=0,024). CONCLUSÕES: Delirium não teve impacto sobre mortalidade e perdas funcional e cognitiva na evolução tardia de idosos com fratura de fêmur. O déficit cognitivo inicial pode identificar pacientes em risco para mortalidade, perda funcional e perda cognitiva futuras em idosos com fratura de fêmur. A fragilidade e heterogeneidade da nossa amostra pode ter atenuado o poder preditor de mau prognóstico do delirium.

Effect of weight loss on functional state of female judokas / 吉林大学学报(医学版)

Objective To examine the effects of weight loss on functional state of female judokas. Methods Twelve female judokas belonging to Shanghai female judo team were tested at different periods(first,second,third phases and last phase) during weight loss a month before competition. The changes of physiological and biochemical indexes in different periods were observed and all the data was statistically analyzed. Results Previous three phases,the Fat% in weight loss group was decreased compared with basic data (P

Caracterização das glândulas mandibulares nas diferentes classes de adultos de Scaptotrigona postica Latreille (Hymenoptera: Apidae) / Characterization of the mandibular glands in different adult types of Scaptotrigona postica Latreille (Hymenoptera: Apidae)

As glândulas mandibulares de operárias recém-emergidas, nutridoras e campeiras, rainhas virgens e fisogástricas, e machos maduros de Scaptotrigona postica Latreille foram estudadas histológica e morfometricamente. Estas glândulas apresentam diferenças histológicas características para cada idade e/ou função do indivíduo. De acordo com a morfometria conclui-se que as glândulas mandibulares possuem um ciclo secretor determinado, no qual a secreção começa a ser produzida nas operárias recém-emergidas, e acumula-se no citoplasma e reservatório da glândula das operárias nutridoras. Nas operárias campeiras o citoplasma encontra-se bastante vacuolizado, o que foi interpretado como resultado da eliminação da secreção. Rainhas fisogástricas apresentaram as maiores áreas celulares e nucleares, ao oposto dos machos, os quais apresentaram as menores áreas.

The mandibular glands of newly-emerged, nurse and forager workers, virgin and physogastric queens, and mature males of Scaptotrigona postica Latreille were studied under histological and morphometrical analyses. These glands present differences in their histology, according to the age and/or function of the individuals. The morphometric results showed that the mandibular glands have a very markedly secretory cicle, in which the secretion starts to be produced in newly emerged workers, being accumulated into the cytoplasm and reservoir in the nurses. In forager workers the cytoplasm presents many vacuoles, which are remaining of the secretion releasing. Physogastric queens showed the largest cellular and nuclear areas. On the contrary, the males presented the smallest ones.

Application of heart rate mathematical analysis for body functional state evaluation

Statistical analysis of 100 successive RR interval time in ECG, mean heart rate was carried out in 3 groups. The 1st group consisted of 23 healthy men, aged 19.3. The 2nd group consisted of 8 men, aged 21,6 and suffered from inconciousness during working time. The 3rd group consisted of 6 men, aged 19.2 with bad occupational adaptation. Results: heart rate index of 2nd and 3rd groups at rest clearly represented functional strain in comparison with that of 1st group were decreased, mean HR and SI were increased. After 30 and 60 minutes of stricly standing, all index of 3 groups were significantly greater than that at rest, but the index variation of the 1st group were higher than in 2nd and 3rd groups.