Evaluation of Elemental and Volatile Compounds of Three Selected Plants of Genus Hibiscus

Aims: The present study aims to evaluate the minerals, bioactive compounds of 3 selected Hibiscus Genus i,e. Hibiscus sabdariffa L., Hibiscus cannabinus L., and Hibiscus acetosella Welw. Place and Duration of Study: The selected plants were collected during May to October 2018 from Imphal (24°37’N and 93°39’E) Manipur North Eastern State of India, which lies 2590 feet above sea level, and study were carried out in Genetics Laboratory, Department of Life Sciences, Manipur University. Methodology: The minerals composition and bioactive compounds were evaluated by using Graphite Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometer (GF-AAS) method and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GCMS), respectively. Results: The elemental analysis shows the presence of Calcium, Magnesium, Iron, Zinc, Copper, Sodium, Potassium, Selenium, Chromium, Cobalt. By using the GC-MS method, the compounds are identified with Retention time (RT) and area percentage. The two compounds are identified for methanol extract and four compounds for chloroform extract of Hibiscus sabdariffa L. For Hibiscus cannabinus L., three compounds are identified for methanol extract and four compounds for chloroform extract and for Hibiscus acetosella Welw. eleven compounds for methanol extract and three compounds for chloroform extract. Conclusion: The selected plants are good source of Sodium, Potassium, Selenium, Chromium, Cobalt, Calcium, Magnesium, Iron, Zinc, Copper and bioactive compounds which had antibacterial, anticancer, antioxidant properties and renal related disorders protection effects. However, it is needed to study the pharmacological activity for further evaluation.

Hylan G-F20 and galactomannan joint flares are associated to acute synovitis and release of inflammatory cytokines

Abstract Background: Injection of Hylan G-F20 (HY) into joints may provoke local flares, which mechanisms may involve reaction to protein contaminants. We have previously developed a protein-free saline-soluble galactomannan derived from guar gum (GM) that displays both analgesia and chondroprotection in experimental osteoarthritis (OA). We now demonstrate that both GM and Hylan G-F20 (HY) promote mild synovitis with cytokine release after intra-articular injection. Methods: Mice received 100 μg/25 μL GM or HY or saline into the knees. Joint pain was evaluated using von Frey test; cell influx, interleukin (IL)-1, IL-6, and CXCL-1 (pg/mL) levels were assessed in joint lavage at 6 h. Synovia were excised for histopathology. Results: Neither GM nor HY after being given into mice knee joints induced pain albeit promoting mild cell influx into joint washings as well as mild synovitis at histology, with no damage to the underlying cartilage. HY but not GM promoted IL-1 release into mice joints. Both compounds induced IL-6 and CXCL-1 release. Conclusion: Intra-articular injection of HY or GM promote acute transient synovitis whilst not provoking detectable significant joint damage. Local administration of these polysaccharides induces acute intra-articular release of inflammatory cytokines, which may account for joint flares following viscosupplementation.(AU)

Extraction of distribution information of Angelicae sinensis plants in Weiyuan county based on remote sensing technology / 中国中药杂志

Due to the large amount of nutrients required during the cultivation of Angelica sinensis and in order to prevent the occurrence of pests and diseases,and the annual reduction of the planting area of Angelica and the balance of supply and demand of A. sinensis,the A. sinensis plantation adopts the rotation mode. This paper takes Wuyuan county of Gansu province as the research scope and use GF-1 Satellite data as the data source,using remote sensing technology combined with field survey results,to explore the effective method of visual interpretation for the extraction of A. sinensis planting area. A sample was selected to generate a spectrum according to different feature types. The different characteristics of A. sinensis and other features were analyzed and distinguished in remote sensing images,so that the A. sinensis planting plots were extracted and verified in remote sensing images. The results showed that the accuracy verification value of the visual interpretation method was 95. 85%. It is determined that the visual interpretation method can effectively extract the A. sinensis planting plots within the research scope and realize the comprehensive grasp of the spatial distribution information of A. sinensis.

Preeclampsia grave de aparición precoz confirmada con biomarcador / Severe early-onset biomarker-confirmed preeclampsia

RESUMEN La aparición de preeclampsia antes de las 20 semanas de gestación es rara y generalmente se asocia con enfermedades trofoblásticas o con el síndrome antifosfolípido. Presentamos el caso de una paciente con preeclampsia severa asociada al síndrome de distress respiratorio del adulto (SDRA) de forma precoz en la semana 15 de gestación en ausencia de los trastornos antes mencionados. Su confirmación diagnóstica se realizó mediante el empleo del biomarcador sFlt-1/P1GF.

ABSTRACT The occurrence of preeclampsia before 20 weeks of gestation is rare and usually associated with trophoblastic diseases or antiphospholipid syndrome. We present the case of a patient with severe preeclampsia associated with adult respiratory distress syndrome early in week 15 of gestation in the absence of the aforementioned disorders. Its confirmation was carried out through the use of biomarker sFlt-1/P1GF.

Reunión multidisciplinaria sobre técnicas de aplicación para la restitución de fluido sinovial en pacientes con artritis de rodilla: puesta al día / Multidisciplinary meeting on application techniques for restitution of synovial fluid in patients with knee arthritis: update

Resumen: En la degradación del cartílago articular, la limitación funcional y el dolor se asocian a la alteración cuantitativa y cualitativa del ácido hialurónico en un proceso fisiopatológico sobre el que influye una amplia variedad de factores cuyo impacto agrava la enfermedad y disminuye la calidad de vida del paciente. El manejo farmacológico convencional para la osteoartritis es a menudo insuficiente. Por fortuna, en el mundo actual se cuenta con viscosuplementos capaces de mejorar, restituir y promover la producción endógena del ácido hialurónico degradado en los cuadros de osteoartritis. El uso de estos compuestos exige el apego a un conjunto de técnicas específicas, diseñadas para la correcta infiltración intraarticular del viscosuplemento sin necesidad de infligir una carga traumática adicional al paciente; estas técnicas -con referencia especial al paciente afectado por la osteoartritis de rodilla (gonartritis)- se describen en el presente artículo, en el que además se destacan los criterios para la elección del viscosuplemento idóneo, el más semejante al ácido hialurónico nativo de personas jóvenes y sanas y aquel cuyo uso terapéutico reporta mayores beneficios clínicos a corto y a largo plazo.

Abstract: In the degradation of articular cartilage, functional limitation and pain -cardinal signs of osteoarthritis- underlies, as a central factor, the quantitative and qualitative alteration of hyaluronic acid, the main component of synovial fluid and cartilage, in a pathophysiological process influenced by a wide variety of risk factors whose impact complicates the disease and radically reduces the quality of life of the patient. Conventional pharmacological management for osteoarthritis is often insufficient. Fortunately, in our days, there are viscosupplements capable of improving, replacing and promoting the endogenous production of degraded hyaluronic acid in osteoarthritis. The use of these compounds requires the adherence to a set of specific techniques, designed for the correct intra-articular infiltration of the viscosupplement without the need to inflict an additional traumatic load on the patient; these techniques -with special reference to the patient affected by knee osteoarthritis (gonarthritis)- are described in this article, which also highlights the criteria for choosing the ideal viscosupplement, the one most similar to hyaluronic acid native in healthy young people, and one whose therapeutic use reports greater clinical benefits in the short and long term.

Study on extraction method of Panax notoginseng plots in Wenshan of Yunnan province based on decision tree model / 中国中药杂志

The herbs used as the material for traditional Chinese medicine are always planted in the mountainous area where the natural environment is suitable. As the mountain terrain is complex and the distribution of planting plots is scattered, the traditional survey method is difficult to obtain accurate planting area. It is of great significance to provide decision support for the conservation and utilization of traditional Chinese medicine resources by studying the method of extraction of Chinese herbal medicine planting area based on remote sensing and realizing the dynamic monitoring and reserve estimation of Chinese herbal medicines. In this paper, taking the Panax notoginseng plots in Wenshan prefecture of Yunnan province as an example, the China-made GF-1multispectral remote sensing images with a 16 m×16 m resolution were obtained. Then, the time series that can reflect the difference of spectrum of P. notoginseng shed and the background objects were selected to the maximum extent, and the decision tree model of extraction the of P. notoginseng plots was constructed according to the spectral characteristics of the surface features. The results showed that the remote sensing classification method based on the decision tree model could extract P. notoginseng plots in the study area effectively. The method can provide technical support for extraction of P. notoginseng plots at county level.

Study of extracting Peucedanum praeruptorum planted area in Ningguo of Anhui province based on multi-source and multi-phase image / 中国中药杂志

The herbs used as the material for traditional Chinese medicine are always planted in the mountainous area where the natural environment is suitable. As the mountain terrain is complex and the distribution of planting plots is scattered, the traditional survey method is difficult to obtain accurate planting area. It is of great significance to provide decision support for the conservation and utilization of traditional Chinese medicine resources by studying the method of extraction of Chinese herbal medicine planting area based on remote sensing and realizing the dynamic monitoring and reserve estimation of Chinese herbal medicines. In this paper, taking the Peucedanum praeruptorum planted area in Ningguo prefecture of Anhui province as an example, the multispectral remote sensing images that include Landsat-8 with a 30 m resolution and China-made GF-1 with a 16 m resolution were used as data source. Since the spectral characteristics of P. praeruptorum in the two periods are different from those of other crops, the changes of the images at two stages in the same year could be used to extract the P. praeruptorum planted area intercropped in cultivated land. Then the texture and spectral characteristics of young pecan trees were used to extract the P. praeruptorum planted area intercropped in woodland. The results showed that the extracted area of planted P. praeruptorum with the original imagery of 30 m spatial resolution and 16 m spatial resolution was 25 635.43,24 585.43 mu, respectively.

Fingerprint of serum containing drug of Yinchenhao decoction / 中国药学杂志

OBJECTIVE: To establish the fingerprint of the serum containing drug of Yinchenhao Decoction (YCHD), and analyze the drug-originated constituents in serum. METHODS: An HPLC method was set up on a Symmetry C18(4.6 mm × 250 mm, 5 μm) column with a Security Guard Cartridges C18 (4.0 mm × 3.0 mm) guard column by gradient elution of acetonitrile-0.1% phosphoric acid in water at the flow rate of 1.0 mL · min-1. The column temperature was maintained at 30℃. The detection was carried out at 238 and 440 nm. SD rats were taken as serum donors. Ten batches of serum containing drugs were prepared after ig administration of YCHD. The fingerprints of these serum samples were determined, the common modes were established, and the similarities between fingerprints were evaluated. Drug-originated constituents in blood were distinguished by comparing the fingerprint of serum containing YCHD with the one of control serum. The sources of drug-originated constituents were analyzed by comparing the fingerprint of serum containing YCHD with the ones of serum containing individual herbs of YCHD. Drug-originated constituents in blood were identified by comparing the retention time and UV spectra of peaks in fingerprint of serum containing YCHD with the ones of YCHD and reference substances, respectively. RESULTS: The similarities between the fingerprints of ten batches of serum containing YCHD and common models at 238 and 440 nm were greater than 0.904 and 0.903, respectively. Twenty common peaks of drug-originated constituents were identified in the fingerprints of serum containing drug of YCHD at 238 and 440 nm. Out of them, six were the original compounds, the other 14 were metabolites. Three constituents out of six original form ones were identified as geniposidic acid and genipo-side (iridoids originated from GF), and rhein (anthraquinone from RRR), and the other three were identified as an anthraquinone from RRR and two crocetin derivatives from FG. Out of 14 metabolites, one was identified as the metabolite of iridoid, four were from anthraquinone, and nine were from crocetin derivatives. CONCLUSION: The established method is accurate, reliable and can be used for the analysis of drug-originated constituents in serum containing drug of YCHD.

Validation of a liquid chromatographic method for the pharmaceutical quality control of products containing elacridar$ / 药物分析学报

Many anticancer drugs have an impaired bioavailability and poor brain penetration because they are sub-strates to drug efflux pumps such as P-glycoprotein and Breast Cancer Resistance Protein. Elacridar is a strong inhibitor of these two drug efflux pumps and therefore has great potential to improve oral absorption and brain penetration of many anticancer drugs. Currently, a clinical formulation of elacridar is unavailable and therefore the pharmaceutical development of a drug product is highly warranted. This also necessitates the availability of an analytical method for its quality control. A reverse-phase high-performance liquid chro-matographic method with ultraviolet detection was developed for the pharmaceutical quality control of products containing elacridar as the active pharmaceutical ingredient. The analytical method was validated for linearity, accuracy, precision, selectivity, carry-over, stability of stock and reference solutions, stability of the final extract, stability-indicating capability and impurity testing. We found that elacridar is unstable in aqueous solutions that are exposed to light because a hydroxylation product of elacridar is formed. Therefore, sample solutions with elacridar must be protected from light.

Calidad de cuidado médico en una clínica de enfermedad renal avanzada con estrategia multi-causal / Medical care quality in an advanced kidney disease clinic

En enfermedad renal crónica etapa IV (ERC-IV) es alta la mortalidad y progresión a insuficiencia renal extrema (IRE). Objetivo: Valorar la calidad asistencial en una Clínica de Enfermedad Renal Crónica Avanzada (CERCA). Métodos: Estudio prospectivo de pacientes ERC- IV asistidos con un equipo multidisciplinario formal mediante estrategia de educación, asesoramiento nutricional, seguimiento clínico mensual, y tratamiento según metas de presión arterial (<130/80) reducción de proteinuria, uso de inhibidores de enzima de conversión (IECA) y/o Bloqueantes de receptores de angiotensina (BRA), tratamiento de dislipemia, y preparación para diálisis. Resultados: Se analizaron 150 pacientes, 50% masculino, 62,0 ± 14,4 años, Nefropatías vascular 20,4%, diabética 34,2% y 62,5% proteinúricos, con Índice de Charlson 3,67±1,57. En seguimiento de 1,4 años (IQ: 0,6-2,4) disminuyó la PA (147±35 a 132 ± 28mm), colesterol (210±55 a 179±50 mg/dL) y LDL (129±52 a 108±37 mg/dL) con aumento del uso de IECA/BRA (55,9 a 60,6 %) y estatinas (32,2 a 63,3%). La tasa de Mortalidad fue 5,3 e IRE 14,5/100 Pt- año. El Riesgo pérdida de FG mayor a la mediana o IRE aumentó con HTA, Pru >1 g/d y glomerulopatias y se redujo 90% con IEC/BRA (p<0.001). Al ingreso a diálisis la Hemoglobina ≥10g%, vacunación hepatitis B y acceso permanente fueron más frecuentes que en la población general. Conclusiones: En una Clínica multidisciplinaria con estrategia de control de riesgos se alcanzó mejor las metas de tratamiento, disminuyendo los factores de riesgo de progresión y mejorando el cuidado médico al ingreso a diálisis.

In stage IV chronic kidney disease (stage-IV CKD), mortality and progression to extreme renal failure (ERF) are high. Objective: Assessing the quality of health care in an Advanced Kidney Disease Clinic (AKDC). Methods: Prospective study of patients with stage-IV CKD treated by a multidisciplinary formal team through an educational strategy, nutritional advice, clinical nephrology follow-up, aimed at achieving blood pressure goals (<130/80), proteinuria reduction, use of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEI) and angiotensin receptor blockers (ARB), dyslipidemia treatment and preparation for dialysis. Results: 150 patients were analyzed, 50% were males, of 62.0 ± 14.4 years of age, 20.4% had vascular kidney diseases, 34.2% had diabetes and 62.5% had proteinuria with a Charlson index of 3.67 ± 1.57. In the 1.4-year follow-up (IQ: 0.6- 2.4), there were decreases in the BP (147±35 to 132±28 mm), cholesterol (210±55 to 179±50 mg/ dl) and LDL (129±52 to 108±37 mg/dl), and there was an increase in the use of ACEI/ARB (55.9to 60.6%) and statins (32.2 to 63.3%). The mortality rate was 5.3 and the ERF rate was 14.5/100 patient-years. The glomerular function loss risk, which was higher than the median or ERF, increased with HTN, Pru >1 g/d and glomerular diseases, and had a 90% decrease with ACEI/ARB(p<0.001). At dialysis entry, hemoglobin levels of≥10g%, hepatitis B vaccination and permanent access were more frequent than in the general population. Conclusions: Treatment goals were best achieved in a multidisciplinary clinic with a riskcontrol strategy, reducing progression risk factors and improving medical care upon dialysis entry.

Aplicación del plasma rico en plaquetas (PRP) y sus derivados en implantología dental y cirugía plástica / Application of platelet rich plasma (PRP) and its derivatives in dental implantologie and plastic surgery

El Plasma Rico en Plaquetas (PRP), como su nombre lo indica, posee una alta concentración de trombocitos; es un preparado autólogo, no tóxico y no alergénico, obtenido por centrifugación de la sangre a baja velocidad. Su función está directamente ligada a la liberación por parte de las plaquetas de Factores de Crecimiento (FC). Estos factores tienen propiedades de inducción de la regeneración de los tejidos. Para la elaboración del presente trabajo se realizó una búsqueda bibliográfica en diferentes fuentes documentales utilizando los descriptores: Plasma rico en plaquetas, PRP, Factores de crecimiento, FC, Odontología y Cirugía estética. En este artículo se realiza una descripción de algunos aspectos relevantes del PRP y su aplicación en las áreas de Odontología y Cirugía estética.

The platelet rich plasma (PRP), as its name implies, has a high concentration of thrombocytes; is a non-toxic and non-allergenic autologous preparation, obtained by blood centrifugation at low speed. Its function is directly linked to the release of growth factors (FC) by platelets. These factors have properties of induction of tissue regeneration. For the preparation of the present work, a literature search was performed in different documentary sources using the following descriptors: platelet rich plasma, PRP, growth factors, GF, dentistry and cosmetic surgery. This article is a description of some relevant aspects of the PRP and its application in the areas of dentistry and cosmetic surgery.

Avaliação da distribuição de cobre associado a compostos de diferentes massas moleculares na polpa de açaí / Evaluation of the distribution of copper associated to compounds of different molecular weights in the acai pulp

Neste estudo, cromatografia de exclusão por tamanho (SEC) com detecção por UV e detecção off-line por espectrometria de absorção atômica em forno de grafite (GF AAS) foi usada para investigar a associação de cobre a espécies de alta massa molecular (HMW) e baixa massa molecular (LMW) presentes na polpa de açaí (Euterpe oleracea Mart.). A concentração total de cobre obtida nos digeridos da polpa de açaí foi 10,5 µg g-1. Cobre foi encontrado associado às frações de HMW e LMW, correspondentes às massas moleculares de 28,7, 2,6 e 0,43 kDa.

In this study, size exclusion chromatography (SEC) with ultraviolet (UV) and graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry (GF AAS) off-line detection was used to investigate the association of copper to high molecular weight (HMW) and low molecular weight (LMW) species present in Euterpe oleracea Mart. pulp. Total concentration of copper was 10.5 µg g-1. Copper was found to be associated to fractions corresponding to 28.7, 2.6 and 0.43 kDa.

Bateria de provas de raciocínio (BPR-5): estudo exploratório em alunos universitários / Reasoning tests battery (BPR-5): exploratory study with college students

Este artigo descreve uma aplicação exploratória da Bateria de Provas de Raciocínio em alunos universitários. Os dados normativos desta bateria contemplam apenas os alunos do final do ensino fundamental e do ensino médio, importando ampliar as evidências de validade em alunos do ensino superior em virtude do número insuficiente de provas de aplicação coletiva para a avaliação cognitiva nas idades adultas. Uma amostra de 330 universitários foi considerada neste estudo, sendo maioritariamente feminina (63,3 por cento). Juntamente com a bateria de raciocínio utilizaram-se dois testes de fator g (matrizes). Os resultados das correlações e da análise fatorial exploratória sugerem que basicamente estamos face a provas que avaliam a inteligência fluida (Gf), muito embora surja um segundo fator reunindo as provas de raciocínio verbal e de raciocínio numérico. Dado que estas duas provas envolvem conhecimentos acadêmicos dos alunos, este segundo fator parece relacionado com a inteligência cristalizada (Gc).

This paper describes an exploratory application of the Reasoning Tests Battery to college students. Norms of this battery are related to basic and secondary education students, and it is important to analyze validity coefficients with college students in face of the insufficient number of collective application tests to the cognitive assessment in adults. A sample formed by 330 college students was considered in this study, most of them female (63.3 percent). With this reasoning battery, the study included the administration of two g factor tests (matrices). Correlation and exploratory factor analysis data basically suggest all these tests are assessing fluid intelligence (Gf), even though a second factor appears on basis of verbal and numerical reasoning tests. As these both tests are related to the studentsï academic experiences, this second factor can be related to the crystallized intelligence (Gc).

Relationship between apolipoprotein E gene polymorphism and mild cognitive impairment among the patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus / 中国医师杂志

Objective To investigate the relationship between apolipoprotein E(Apo E) gene poly-morphism and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and e-valuate the correlative risk factors. Method 40 cases of type 2 diabetes with MCI and 80 cases of type 2 diabetes without MCI were enrolled in this study. The polymorphism of the Apo E gene was detected by PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism(PCR-RFLP). According to the clinical data such as course of disease, plasma glucose, plasma fat and body mass index (BMI), the independent risk factors of T2DM and MCI were analyzed by non-conditional logistic regression. Results The frequency of Apo E ε_4 allele in the group of type 2 diabetes with MCI was higher than that without MCI ( 25.0% vs 10. 0% ), and the difference had statistical significance( P < 0. 01 ). The indexes of the statistical significant difference be-twcen the two groups were age, course of disease, postprandial blood glucose ( P2BG), HBA1C, BMI,family history of T2DM, hypertension, diabetic retinopathy, diabetic peripheral neuropathy, Apo E gene. The independent risk factors included diabetic retinopathy ( OR = 3. 452, P < 0. 05 ), diabetic peripheral neuropathy( OR = 3. 252, P <0. 05), Ape E gene( OR = 2. 441, P < 0.01 ), HBA1C ( OR = 1. 372, P <0.05), P2BG(OR = 1. 194, P <0.05), age(OR = 1. 194, P <0.01) and course of disease(OR =1. 142, P <0. 05). Conclusion Apo E ε_4 allele has significant relationship with T2DM and MCI. The age, course of disease, control of plasma glucose, and microvascular complication of diabetes have relation-ship with the cognitive function.

The effect of neuropeptides on secretion of Interleukin-8 (IL-8) / 대한치과보존학회지

We investigated the secretion of Interleukin-8 (IL-8) from ginviva and periodontal ligament stimulated with Substance P (SP) and Calcitonin Gene-related Peptide (CGRP). Gingiva (GF), periodontal ligament (PDLF) and pulp (PF) tissues were collected from extracted intact 3rd molars. Cultured cells were stimulated with different concentrations of SP for 4 hrs, and stimulated with SP, CGRP and Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) for 8 hrs. Then RNase Protection Assay was carried out. ELISA was performed using supernatants of stimulated cells for quantitative analysis of IL-8. Results were assessed using student t-test with significance of P < 0.05. According to this study, the results were as follows: 1. IL-8 mRNA was detected in all type of cells studied (PF, GF and PDLF). 2. IL-8 mRNA expression was not increased after stimulating 4 hrs with SP (10(-5)M) and SP (10(-8)M) compared with Mock stimulation in all type of cells studied. 3. IL-8 mRNA expression was not increased after stimulating 8 hrs with SP (10(-4)M) and CGRP (10(-6)M) compared with Mock stimulation in all type of cells studied. 4. TNF-alpha(2 ng/ml) increased the expression of IL-8 mRNA in all kind of cells studied. 5. The secretion of IL-8 from GF was increased 8 hrs after the stimulation with CGRP (10(-6)M) (p < 0.05). 6. The secretion of IL-8 from PDLF was increased 8 hrs after the stimulation with SP (10(-4)M) (p < 0.05). Calcitonin Gene-related Peptide (CGRP) increased Interleukin-8 (IL-8) which plays an important role in chemotaxis of neutrophil in Calcitonin Gene-related Peptide (CGRP) gingival tissue, whereas Substance P increased the secretion of IL-8 from periodontal ligament.

Construction,Identification and Expression of Recombinant Eukaryotic Vector pCAG-IRES-SHIP-GFP on Porliferation of Leukemia Cell Line K562 / 中国生物工程杂志

The aim was to construct and identify the mammalian expression vector of pCAG-IRES-SHIP-GFP and to detect whether it could express in human acute leukemia cell line K562.The cDNA fragment of SHIP obtained by RT-PCR was inserted into pCAG-IRES-GFP.The recombinant plasmid was confirmed by restriction enzyme digesiton,PCR and DNA sequecing.pCAG-IRES-SHIP-GFP was transfected into K562 cells with lipofectamine 2000.The expression of SHIP was determined by GFP fluorescence and Western blot analysis.FQ-PCR was used to quantitate SHIP mRNA.The expression of p-Akt,Akt were determined by Western blot.PI were tested by flow cytometry and MTT to verify whether exogenous SHIP could inhibit proliferation of K562 cells.The results showed that the correct constrution of the recombinant plasmid pCAG-IRES-SHIP-GFP has been shown by restriction enzyme digestion,PCR and DNA sequencing.pCAG-IRES-SHIP-GFP could express SHIP protein in K562 cells.The K562 cells viability after transfected with SHIP gene droped down.Western blot analysis showed that phospha-Akt308 and Akt473 were reduced to 38.7% and 68% respectively.It was concluded that the vector of pCAG-IRES-SHIP-GFP has been successfully constructed and it can be expressed in K562 cells.The expression of exogenous SHIP gene can lead to apoptosis of K562 cells by down-regulating the p-Akt expression.What found here might be one of the mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of leukemia.

Effects of simvastatin on myocardial fibrosis and connective tissue growth factor in renovascular hypertensive rats / 中国临床药理学与治疗学

AIM: To investigate the effects of simvastatin on myocardial fibrosis and connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) in renovascular hypertensive rats. METHODS: The experimental rats were randomly divided into three groups, such as sham operation group rats, hyperpiesia rats and hyperpiesia rats treated with simvastatin (5 mg㎏kg -1 ?d -1 ). Systolic blood pressure (SBP) was measured and collagen concentration (Coll) was also detected in terms of hydroxyproline concentration. VanGieson and immunohistochemistry staining combined with computed morphometry were used to evaluate the total collagen volume fraction (CVF) and CTGF expression in left ventricular tissue. RESULTS: Compared with sham operation group rats, the SBP,CVF, Coll and CTGF expression increased markedly in hyperpiesia rats (P

Morphology and Function of Testis in Growth Deprived Mature and Immature Male Rats / 대한비뇨기과학회지

Growth hormone(GH) plays a major role in growth and its effects are mainly mediated by insulin like growth factor-I ( IGF-I). However the role of GH in the regulation of testicular function especially in spermatogenesis is still under debate. Though there were several studies using GH-deficient mutant mice, results are conflicting. Furthermore they are not proper to find out any exact role of GH in normal adults. We have therefore used somatostatin analogue (Sandostatin) for 1 week to block the effect of GH and it's mediator IGF-I, in mature and immature Sprague-Dawley male rats. In immature rats the delayed maturation was recovered after ceasing somatostatin in several weeks and the testicular parameters became normal after maturation. Post-pubertal rats showed diminished spermatogenesis especially in the number of pachytene spermatocytes and round spermatids of stage VII. These results seems to be associated with decreased systemic IGF-I. But the Leydig cell function in other words, testosterone production, remained normal. Somatostatin administered Leydig cells showed strong positive reactions like normal control on IGF-I immunohistochemical stain. We concluded that GH mediated IGF-I plays a major role in spermatogenesis especially on pachytene spermatocytes of post-pubertal male rats and there are GH independent IGF-I actions in Leydig cells.