Study on TCM Quality and Safety Based on HACCP System / 中国中医药信息杂志

This article described the current status of problems in quality and safety in TCM industry. It also emphatically discussed the quality and safety control in TCM production process. In addition, this article used the HACCP (Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points) system to conduct a hazard analysis on TCM production process and determined the critical control points, and carried out the corresponding control measures, with a purpose to realize effective regulation and control of hazard factors and ensure TCM quality and safety.

A Study on the Sanitation Management Status and Barriers to HACCP System Implementation of School Foodservice Institutions in Seoul Metropolitan Area / 대한지역사회영양학회지

The purpose of the study was to investigate the sanitation management status and implementation barriers of the HACCP system. A survey was conducted based on 760 schools through e-mail after having gone through phone interviews to dieticians in Seoul, Gyeonggi and Incheon areas from December 2006 to March 2007. The following statistics were drawn out from the 459 surveys out of the 760, thus giving a response rate of 60.4% (N = 459). The statistical data analysis was completed using the SPSS program. 92.6% of the respondents operated sanitary education once a month and 67.1% used internet as their sanitary educational source. 50.5% of the pre-preparation rooms were not divided and 78.0% of kitchen floors were always kept wet. Only 15.7% of the respondents used heat and cold insulators and 73.2% of drinking water was natural or purified water. 60.3% of food trays were electronically sterilized and 70.2% of spoons and chopsticks were sterilized by boiling water. The main cause of food-borne diseases was the lack of facilities and equipment (33.1%). Also, the deficiency of facilities and equipment (4.07 points) acted as an implementation barrier of the HACCP system. Compared to Gyeonggi or Incheon area results, Seoul's facilities and equipment (p < 0.001) and implementing barriers of the HACCP system (p < 0.001) results came out relatively high. After the analysis of the implementation barriers of the HACCP system, 91.7% of school principals said it was difficult to apply the HACCP system due to lack of financial support. In consideration to the school foodservice support, solutions for the facilities of school foodservice and a systematic sanitary education of the HACCP system must be made for the employees and everyone else who are related.

Analysis for Internal Audit and External Audit of the Sanitation/Safety Management Performance for the School Foodservice in Gyeongbuk Area / 대한지역사회영양학회지

The purpose of the study was to investigate the effects of the characteristics of dietitians, the characteristics of school food services, equipment ratio of HACCP facility/equipment and perception of barriers to HACCP implementation on external and internal audit of food safety/sanitation management performance in school food service. An e-mail survey was conducted with 144 dietitians in Gyeongbuk Province. A response rate was 57.6% (N=83) and data was analyzed using SPSS windows (ver. 12.0). Dietitian perceived facilities/equipment-related and stakeholder-related as the big barriers in implementing a HACCP system. Total scores of sanitation/safety management performance for external and internal audit were similar at 92 and 91 out of 100, respectively. "Facilities/equipment" and "HACCP system" categories in both external and internal audit were rated the lowest. As dietitian perceived facilities/equipment-related (p<0.001) and stakeholder-related (p<0.05) barriers to HACCP implementation were greater, the scores of the external and internal audits were significantly lower. As dietitian perceived barriers for all categories were greater, the scores of internal audits were significantly lower (p<0.05). As a result of multiple regression analyses, the scores of the external audit was positively associated with career as a school food service dietitian, but was negatively associated with barriers related to facility/equipment, while the scores of the internal audit was negatively associated with barriers related to facility/equipment and employees. This study suggests that supporting programs on securing the facilities/equipment and employee training are needed for successful HACCP implementation in school food service.

The Survey of Perception on Obstacles in Implementing Generic HACCP Plan for School Foodservice Operations

The purpose of this study was to identify obstacles by surveying dieticians' perception in implementing Generic HACCP Plan for school foodservice operations from 2001. The survey was conducted in five areas; Seoul, Kyoung-gi Province, In-cheon, Kwang-ju and Dae-jeon. Five hundred and sixty questionnaire were sent by the e-mail address and the local school dietician's Community Board on the internet, 263 were returned. Two hundred and forty were returned by E-mail, return rate was 42.86%. Twenty three were received by the local school dietician's Community Board on the internet. The obstacles were grouped of six fields and indicated thirteen factors in implementation of the Generic HACCP Plan for school foodservice. The six fields were 'status of cooperation within HACCP team', 'cooperation with the external people' such as teachers, food suppliers, student's parents, 'understanding HACCP system of the dieticians', 'hygiene facilities', 'training & educating employees', and 'difficulty of monitoring'. To assess the factor as a obstacle we used Likert's scale; 5-agree strongly, 4-agree, 3-medial, 2-don't agree, 1-don't agree strongly. Results of this study are as follows; 1) The scores of thirteen factors indicated as obstacles were over 3(medial) except 'lack of dietician's understanding about HACCP System(2.86+/-0.97)'. Also only about 63% dieticians recognized that as an obstacle factor. 2) 'Deficiency of hygiene facilities(4.41+/-0.76), 'lack of teachers' cooperation(4.23+/-0.77)', 'inadequacy of the kitchen lay-out(4.19+/-0.95)' and 'lack of training and educating program for employees(3.97+/-0.85)' scored most highly. Results from this study show that financial resources and educating system are very important to settle down HACCP system for School Foodservices successfully.

Use of the HACCP system in the quality control of nutritional meals in hospitals / 中华医院管理杂志

An intemationlly recognized systematic and preventive approach to food safety, Hazard Analysis Critical Control Points(HACCP) is scientific, simple, convenient and practical. An effective way to improve managerial efficiency and the quality of nutritional meals and to enhance patient satisfaction is to use the principles of HACCP in the following aspects: conducting quality control of nutritional meals in hospitals and determining a scientific and rational process flow; analyzing marked hazards affecting the safety of nutritional meads; proposing preventive measures; estabhshing critical control points; and specifying how to establish a threshold of, monitor, set right, verify and record the critical control points.