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1.
Psicol. (Univ. Brasília, Online) ; 36(spe): e36nspe19, 2020. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS-Express | LILACS, INDEXPSI | ID: biblio-1143494

ABSTRACT

Resumo O objetivo deste artigo teórico é analisar os conceitos de fatores de risco e riscos psicossociais no trabalho, bem como discuti-los a partir de duas perspectivas teóricas proeminentes no campo: o Modelo Demanda-Controle e a Psicodinâmica do Trabalho. Além das definições, são apresentadas as relações entre antecessores - fatores de risco, e consequentes - riscos psicossociais, e as implicações teóricas e práticas decorrentes da definição mais acurada dos termos. As conclusões apresentadas apontam para importância de delimitação conceitual entre fatores de risco e riscos psicossociais no trabalho como passo indispensável para o desenvolvimento de estratégias eficazes de avaliação e intervenção nos contextos de trabalho, principalmente pela adoção de uma postura preventiva com foco na identificação e controle dos fatores de risco prioritariamente.


Abstract The aim of this theoretical paper is to analyze the concepts of risk factors and psychosocial risks at work, as well as to discuss them from two prominent theoretical perspectives in the field: the Demand-Control Model and the Work Psychodynamics. In addition to the definitions, the relationships between predecessors - risk factors and consequent - psychosocial risks, and the theoretical and practical implications of the more precise definition of terms are presented. The conclusions presented point to the importance of conceptual delimitation between risk factors and psychosocial risks at work as an indispensable step for the development of effective strategies for evaluation and intervention in work contexts, mainly by adopting a preventive approach focused on the identification and control of risk factors.

2.
Aval. psicol ; 18(4): 372-381, out.-dez. 2019. il, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1055241

ABSTRACT

Esse estudo visa investigar a relação entre Burnout e satisfação de vida em trabalhadores brasileiros pelo modelo teórico Job Demands-Resources (JDR), da Psicologia Positiva. Foram testadas as associações entre Burnout e demandas e recursos de trabalho, satisfação de vida e sintomas depressivos, em 986 participantes das cinco regiões brasileiras, entre 18 e 89 anos (M = 39, DP = 11,1), sendo 87,2% de mulheres. Os resultados demonstram que Burnout prediz sintomas depressivos e é consequente de altas demandas e baixos recursos laborais. O papel de mediação parcial da satisfação de vida se destaca quando associado aos recursos de trabalho, o que diminui a probabilidade de ocorrência do Burnout e sintomas depressivos associados. Conclui-se que recursos de trabalho e satisfação de vida são importantes fatores psicossociais de proteção ao Burnout, que influenciam indireta e negativamente sintomas depressivos. Contribuições desses achados para o trabalho e as organizações são discutidas no texto. (AU)


This study aims to investigate the relationship between burnout and life satisfaction in Brazilian workers through the Job Demands-Resources (JDR) theoretical model of Positive Psychology. The associations between burnout and job demands, job resources, life satisfaction and depressive symptoms were tested in 986 participants, 87.2% women, from the five Brazilian regions, aged between 18 and 89 years (M = 39, SD = 11.1). The results show that high job demands and low job resources are indirectly linked with depressive symptoms via burnout and low life satisfaction. The partial mediation role of life satisfaction stands out when associated with job resources, which reduces the likelihood of burnout and its association with depressive symptoms. It was concluded that job resources and life satisfaction are important psychosocial protective factors for burnout, which impacts indirectly and negatively on depressive symptoms. Contributions of these findings for work and organizations are discussed in the text. (AU)


Este estudio tiene como objetivo investigar la relación entre el burnout y la satisfacción con la vida en los trabajadores brasileños a través del modelo teórico Job Demand Resources (JDR), de la psicología positiva. Las asociaciones entre burnout y demandas y recursos laborales, satisfacción con la vida y síntomas depresivos fueron probadas en 986 participantes de las cinco regiones brasileñas, los participantes poseían edades entre 18 y 89 años (M = 39, DS = 11.1), siendo el 87.2% mujeres. Los resultados demuestran que el burnout predice síntomas depresivos motivados por las altas demandas y bajos recursos laborales. El papel de la mediación parcial de la satisfacción con la vida se destaca cuando se asocia con recursos laborales, lo que reduce la probabilidad de burnout y los síntomas depresivos asociados. Se concluye que los recursos laborales y la satisfacción con la vida son factores psicosociales importantes de protección contra el burnout, que influyen indirectamente y negativamente en los síntomas depresivos. Las contribuciones de estos hallazgos para el trabajo y las organizaciones se discuten en el artículo. (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Psychology , Social Welfare/psychology , Mental Health , Depression/psychology , Burnout, Psychological/psychology , Job Satisfaction , Evaluation Studies as Topic
3.
Psicol. teor. prát ; 20(3): 262-282, Sept.-Dec. 2018. ilus, tab
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-984894

ABSTRACT

Work is one of the main orienters of mental life, making it relevant to investigate the relationship between mental disorders, especially alcohol use, and job satisfaction. OBJECTIVE: To carry out a systematic review of scientific articles on job satisfaction and alcohol use. METHOD: Articles were searched in the databases MEDLINE (PubMed), Web of Science, and Scopus, in the English, Spanish and Portuguese languages. The review was based on the PRISMA criteria, from 2008 to 2017. RESULTS: Evidence of a moderate positive correlation was found in cross-cutting, but that changes over time, and that the relationship between job satisfaction and use of alcohol is moderated by burnout, working conditions, job demand and control, relationship with the leader, social support and work climate. CONCLUSION: The results reaffirm the need to explore the theme to design intervention strategies in the context of work.


O trabalho é um dos principais orientadores da vida mental, tornando-se relevante investigar a relação entre transtornos mentais, sobretudo o uso de álcool, e satisfação no trabalho. OBJETIVO: Realizar revisão sistemática de artigos científicos sobre a satisfação no trabalho e o uso de álcool. MÉTODO: Foram pesquisados artigos nos bancos de dados MEDLINE (PubMed), Web of Science e Scopus, nas línguas inglesa, espanhola e portuguesa. A revisão embasou-se nos critérios do PRISMA, no período de 2008 a 2017. RESULTADOS: Encontraram-se evidências de correlação positiva moderada em recortes transversais, mas que se modificam ao longo do tempo, e constatou-se que a relação entre satisfação no trabalho e uso de álcool é moderada por burnout, condições de trabalho, demanda e controle do trabalho, relacionamento com o líder, suporte social e clima de trabalho. CONCLUSÃO: Os resultados reafirmam a necessidade de explorar o tema para traçar estratégias de intervenção no contexto do trabalho.


Los factores que pueden influir en la satisfacción en el trabajo están presentes de diferentes formas y con repercusiones diversas. OBJETIVO: Realizar una revisión sistemática de artículos científicos sobre la satisfacción en el trabajo y el uso de alcohol en el período de 2008 a 2017. MÉTODO: Los artículos fueron investigados bases MEDLINE (PubMed), Web of Science y Scopus, en las lenguas inglesa, espanola y portuguesa. La La revisión se basó en los criterios del PRISMA. RESULTADOS: se encontraron evidencias de correlación positiva moderada en recortes transversales, pero que modifican a lo largo del tiempo, y que la relación entre satisfacción en el trabajo y uso de alcohol es moderada por burnout, condiciones de trabajo, demanda y control, relación con el líder, el apoyo social y el clima de trabajo. CONCLUSIÓN: Los resultados reafirmamos la necesidad de explorar el tema para trazar estrategias de intervención en el contexto del trabajo.


Subject(s)
Humans , Alcohol Drinking , Mental Health , Substance-Related Disorders , Job Satisfaction , Data Collection , Systematic Review , Working Conditions , Mental Disorders
4.
Biosci. j. (Online) ; 34(4): 1083-1092, july/aug. 2018. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-967283

ABSTRACT

The quality of work life (QWL) has a close relationship with the labor activities performed by the worker; it impacts their physical and mental health, their social life, their behavior and performance. Correlate the QWL scores with socio-demographic variables of professionals in nursing that work at Material and Sterilization Center area (MSC)of a Medical school in the State of Minas Gerais. Cross-sectional, quantitative, descriptive and analytical study. Through interviews were applied: The Socio-demographic Questionnaire (LINO, 1999) and the scale Quality of Life at Work (TIMOSSI, 2009). For exploratory analysis all the data had been analyzed throughthe program "Statistical Package for the Social Science" (SPSS) version 21.0. It was used the Cronbach's alpha as coefficient in order to test the reliability of the QWL instrument. For correlation between the QWL scores and the quantitative socio-demographic variables it was applied the Spearman correlation test. 40 employees had participated in the study. The QWL instrument indicated that more than 50% of the employees were satisfied. The domain of "Social integration" obtained a result of 70.15%. The domain "Use of skills" was the one that obtained the highest median in satisfaction, 72.76%. The domain "Opportunities" obtained the lowest median presented 61.10%. The values of >0.70 indicate good reliability of the instrument for the sample. The income was correlated in a significant way (p < 0.05), moderate and positive way (r = 0.356) with the domain "Fair and Adequate Compensation"; and the income was correlated in moderate and negative way (r =-0.402) with the "Work and Life". The results show that variables as remuneration and fair and adequate compensation have relationships with psychometric variables of workers, such as quality of life, satisfactions and professional motivation. Aside, these results can help health institutions realize management strategies for workers.


A qualidade de vida no trabalho (QVT) possui íntima relação com as atividades laborais realizadas pelo trabalhador, impactando a saúde física e mental, vida social, o comportamento e o desempenho do mesmo. Correlacionar escores de QVT com variáveis sociodemográficas de profissionais de Enfermagem do setor de central de material e Esterilização (CME) de um Hospital Universitário de Minas Gerais. Estudo transversal, de caráter quantitativo, descritivo e analítico. Por meio de entrevistas foram aplicados: Questionário sociodemográfico (LINO, 1999); e Escala de Qualidade de Vida no Trabalho (TIMOSSI, 2009). Os dados foram analisados através do Programa Statistical Package for the Social Science (SPSS), versão 21.0, para análises exploratórias. Utilizou-se o coeficiente de Cronbach para testar a confiabilidade do instrumento QVT e o teste de Correlação de Spearman para correlação entre os escores de QVT e variáveis quantitativas sociodemográficas. Participaram do estudo 37 funcionários. O instrumento de QVT demonstrou que mais de 50% dos funcionários estavam satisfeitos. O domínio de "Integração social" obteve um resultado de 70,15%. O domínio "Uso das capacidades" que obteve a maior média em relação ao nível de satisfação, 72,76%. O domínio "Oportunidades" obteve a menor média apresentada 61,10%. Os valores de >0,70 indicaram boa confiabilidade do instrumento para a amostra. A renda correlacionou-se de forma significante (p<0,05), moderada e positiva (r=0,356) com o domínio "Compensação justa e adequada" e moderada e negativa (r=-0,402) com o "Trabalho e Vida". Os resultados demonstram que variáveis como remuneração e compensação justa e adequada estabelece relação direta com constructos psicométricos subjetivos dos trabalhadores, tais como qualidade de vida, convício social, satisfação e motivação do profissional. Estes resultados podem alicerçar ferramentas de gestão do trabalho em instituições de saúde.


Subject(s)
Quality of Life , Demography , Job Satisfaction , Nurses, Male , Psychometrics
5.
Safety and Health at Work ; : 388-397, 2018.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-718441

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: The study analyzes penalties imposed on organizations for breaching safety and health regulations. The research questions are as follows: what are the commonly breached safety and health regulations? How proportional are penalties imposed on organizations for breaching health and safety regulations in the United Kingdom? METHODS: The study employed sequential explanatory mixed research strategies for better understanding of health and safety penalties imposed on organizations. Actual health and safety convictions and penalties data for 10 years (2006 to 2016) were obtained through the United Kingdom Health and Safety Executive (HSE) public register for convictions. Overall, 2,217 health and safety cases were analyzed amounting to total fines of £37,179,916, in addition to other wide-ranging penalties. For thorough understanding, eight interviews were conducted with industry practitioners, lawyers, and HSE officials as part of the study qualitative data. RESULTS: Findings show that the Health and Safety at Work (HSW) Act accounted for 46% of all HSE prosecution cases in the last decade. This is nearly half of the total safety and health at work prosecutions. Moreover, there is widespread desire for organizations to comply with the HSW Act, but route fines are seen as burdensome and inimical to business growth. CONCLUSION: A key deduction from the study reveal significant disproportionality concerning penalties imposed on organizations for breaching safety and health regulations. On aggregate, small companies tend to pay more for health and safety offenses in a ratio of 1:2 compared to large companies. The study also reveals that the HSW Act accounted for nearly half of the total safety and health at work prosecutions in the last decade.


Subject(s)
Humans , Commerce , United Kingdom , Lawyers , Social Control, Formal
6.
Biociencias ; 11(2): 97-100, 2016.
Article in Spanish | LILACS, COLNAL | ID: biblio-969424

ABSTRACT

Antecedentes: Los factores de riesgo de carga física son los de mayor impacto en el país de acuerdo a la II Encuesta de Condiciones de Seguridad y Salud en el sistema de riesgos laborales, demostrando que hacen falta programas y planes encaminados a la prevención de las lesiones musculoesqueléticas que de ellos se generan, hecho que sustenta la Organización Iberoamericana de Seguridad Social, que enfatiza en la creación de programas preventi-vos en riesgos laborales. Objetivos: Analizar la producción bibliográfica relacionada con los factores de riesgo de carga física y lumbalgia ocupacional. Metodología: Mediante revisión bibliográfica, con bases científicas y estu-dios relacionados en el área, se analizará la relación entre los riesgos de carga física y la lumbalgia ocupacional. Resultados: La búsqueda bibliográfica evidenció que los factores de riesgos de carga física conllevan a desórdenes musculoesqueléticos, entre ellos, la lumbalgia ocupacional, y pueden generar enfermedades laborales, incapaci-dad laboral y aumentar el ausentismo, impactando negativamente el sistema de gestión de seguridad y salud en el trabajo de las empresas en Colombia


Background: The risk factors of physical load are the most impact on the country according to the II Conditions Survey Safety and Health in the system of occupational hazards, proving that needed programs and plans aimed at preventing injuries skeletal muscle that they are generated, a fact that supports the Latin American Organization of Social Security, which emphasizes the creation of prevention programs in occupational hazards. Objectives: To analyze the bibliographic production related risk factors and physical burden of occupational low back pain. Methods: Through literature review, science-based and related studies in the area, the relationship between the risks of physical load and analyze occupational low back pain. Results: The literature search showed that the risk factors of physical load lead to musculoskeletal disorders, including occupational low back pain, and can lead to occupational diseases, incapacity and increase absenteeism, negatively impacting the management system of safety and health in the work of enterprises in Colombia.


Subject(s)
Humans , Occupational Health , Pain , Wounds and Injuries , Ergonomics
7.
Annals of Occupational and Environmental Medicine ; : 50-2016.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-173900

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: It is common that physicians go to work while sick and therefore it is important to understand the reasons behind. Previous research has shown that women and men differ in health and health related behavior. In this study, we examine gender differences among general practitioners who work while sick. METHODS: General practitioners (GP’s) working in outpatient care in a Swedish city participated in the study (n = 283; women = 63 %; response rate = 41 %). Data were obtained from a large web-based questionnaire about health and organization within primary care. Two questions about sickness presenteeism (going to work while sick) were included; life-long and during the past 12 months, and five questions about reasons. We controlled for general health, work-family conflict and demographic variables. RESULTS: Female physicians reported sickness presenteeism more often than male physicians. Work-family conflict mediated the association between gender and sickness presenteeism. Women reported reasons related with “concern for others” and “workload” more strongly than men. Men reported reasons related with “capacity” and “money” more strongly than women. These differences are likely effects of gender stereotyping and different family-responsibilities. CONCLUSIONS: Gender socialization and gender stereotypes may influence work and health-related behavior. Because sickness presenteeism is related with negative effects both on individuals and at organizational levels, it is important that managers of health organizations understand the reasons for this, and how gender roles may influence the prevalence of sickness presenteeism and the reasons that female and male GPs give for their behavior.


Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Male , Ambulatory Care , Delivery of Health Care , Gender Identity , General Practitioners , Presenteeism , Prevalence , Primary Health Care , Socialization , Stereotyping
8.
Saúde Soc ; 18(4): 639-651, out.-dez. 2009.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-534242

ABSTRACT

O trabalho analisa as representações de trabalhadores portuários avulsos do Porto de Santos-SP acerca das condições de trabalho, da relação trabalho-saúde e das estratégias adotadas para o cuidado em saúde a partir da perspectiva de gênero e das masculinidades. A pesquisa de natureza qualitativa desenvolveu-se na área de abrangência do Porto de Santos-SP. Foram entrevistados representantes de diferentes categorias de trabalhadores portuários, totalizando 13 entrevistas. O Porto é descrito pelos trabalhadores portuários como local perigoso, com grande ocorrência de acidentes. Eles atribuem esse risco à organização do trabalho e às condições muito heterogêneas sob as quais ele é realizado cotidianamente. As transformações no contexto imediato do trabalho portuário, produzidas nas últimas décadas, trazem implicações acerca dos padrões de adoecimento e sofrimento dessa população específica, ao mesmo tempo em que exigem paulatina (re)produção de valores e significados sobre ser homem e ser trabalhador portuário.


This study analyses the representations of individual dock workers at the Port of Santos (state of São Paulo) concerning working conditions, the relation between work and health, and also the adopted health care strategies from the perspective of gender and masculinities. Qualitative research was developed and a total of 13 interviews were conducted with representatives from different categories of dock workers. The Port is described by the workers as a dangerous place, where accidents occur very frequently. They attribute this risk to the organization of labor and to the very heterogeneous conditions in which it is conducted on a daily basis. The transformations that happened in the past decades in the immediate context of work on the docks have implications regarding the patterns of illness and suffering of this specific population; at the same time, they demand the gradual (re)production of values and meanings concerning being a man and a dock worker.


Subject(s)
Health-Disease Process , Occupational Health , Masculinity
9.
Psicol. soc. (Impr.) ; 20(3): 453-464, set.-dez. 2008.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-511978

ABSTRACT

Ao longo do desenvolvimento do capitalismo, a concepção do que seja a saúde do trabalhador modificou-se, passando do patamar da 'preocupação com a sobrevivência do corpo' para a 'preocupação com a saúde mental do trabalhador'. A gestão da saúde foi sendo incorporada às novas formas de gestão dos empreendimentos capitalistas, mas a despeito disso, o sofrimento no trabalho continua, expresso em manifestações como estresse, fadiga crônica, burnout, DORT etc. Este artigo busca identificar e analisar, através de um estudo de caso, as contradições existentes acerca das estratégias organizacionais adotadas sobre Saúde Mental no Trabalho, tendo como referência a percepção dos trabalhadores. Os resultados mostraram que os programas de saúde são baseados em intervenções pontuais, paliativas e estão relacionados ao sistema de controle da organização atuando em cima dos efeitos da organização do trabalho, não se baseando numa real preocupação com a saúde do trabalhador.


Along the capitalism development, the conceptions of worker's health has changed, passing from the "preoccupation with the surviving of the body" to the "preoccupation with the worker's mental health". Management of health has been incorporated to the new capitalist enterprising management forms, but in spite of that, the suffering of the worker goes on, expressed in physical manifestations like stress, and chronicle fatigue, burnout and DORT. This essay tries to identify and analyze, through a case study, the existing contradictions about the organizational strategies adopted on mental health at work/labor, having as a reference the workers' perception. The results show that health programs are based in ad hoc and palliative interventions related to the control system of the organization, acting on the effects of work organization, and not based on a real preoccupation with the worker's health.

10.
Ciênc. Saúde Colet. (Impr.) ; 13(3): 869-877, maio-jun. 2008. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-488783

ABSTRACT

O artigo analisa a Associação Brasileira de Medicina do Trabalho (ABMT), criada em fins de 1944 como lócus de consolidação do campo da medicina do trabalho no Brasil. O grupo dos primeiros especialistas no campo da higiene e medicina do trabalho que trabalhavam no Ministério do Trabalho, Indústria e Comércio (MTIC) foi o responsável pela fundação da ABMT, nas próprias dependências do Ministério. Contando com um núcleo inicial de 35 médicos e cinco engenheiros, todos oriundos do MTIC, a ABMT destacava como seu objetivo primordial, o estudo, a discussão e a divulgação dos assuntos referentes à medicina do trabalho. Entre as principais atividades promovidas pela ABMT, destacavam-se as reuniões científicas mensais (palestras de médicos convidados e de médicos e engenheiros do próprio MTIC), a organização de eventos científicos e a publicação de um periódico especializado. Logo após a sua criação, já em 1945, a ABMT passou a integrar o Bureau Internacional de Segurança do Trabalho, com sede em Montreal, Canadá e o Bureau Internacional do Trabalho, da Organização Internacional do Trabalho. Em dezembro de 1945, no momento da eleição da nova diretoria, criou-se a Revista Médica do Trabalho, cuja primeira publicação foi em 1946.


This article analyzes the Brazilian Association of Workers' Medicine, created in the end of 1944 as a space for consolidating occupational health as a medical specialty in Brazil. The Association was founded by the first group of specialists in the field of occupational hygiene and medicine with seat at the facilities of the proper Ministry of Work, Industry and Commerce, where the founders were working. Counting on an initial core group of 35 physicians and five engineers, all of them coming from the Ministry, the main objective of the Association was to study, discuss and promote the issues related to workers' medicine. Among the most relevant activities promoted by the Association were the monthly scientific meetings (with lectures held by invited physicians and physicians and engineers of the Ministry itself), the organization of scientific events and the publication of a specialized periodical. In 1945, only one year after its foundation, the Association passed to make part of the International Bureau of Safety at Work, with seat in Montreal, Canada, and the International Bureau of Work of the International Labor Organization. In December 1945, on occasion of the election of the new board of directors, the Association created the Journal of Workers' Medicine, whose first issue was published in 1946.


Subject(s)
History, 20th Century , Occupational Health/history , Societies, Medical/history , Brazil , Periodicals as Topic/history
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