Effect of two hemostatic agents on the bonding strength of total-etch and self-etch adhesive systems in primary tooth dentin / 口腔疾病防治

Objective @#To explore the effects of two hemostatic agents on the bonding strength of different bonding systems in primary tooth dentin.@*Methods @# Seventy-two retained deciduous teeth were randomly selected. Forty-eight teeth were used to construct the microleakage model, the other 24 teeth were cut along the mesial and distal directions and 48 samples were obtained to construct the shear bond strength model. The two experiments were divided into 2 groups. Group A was the total-etch group: A1 (ViscoStat + Spectrum Bond NT); A2 (ViscoStat Clear + Spectrum Bond NT); and A3 (Non + Spectrum Bond NT); Group B was the self-etch group: B1 (ViscoStat + Single bond Universal Adhesive); B2 (ViscoStat Clear + Single bond Universal Adhesive); and B3 (Non + Single bond Universal Adhesive). Microleakage experiments and shear bond strength experiments were carried out respectively and the morphology of the fracture surface was observed by scanning electron microscopy.@* Results @#There was no significant difference in microleakage among groups A1, A2, and A3 (P > 0.05). There was no significant difference in microleakage among groups B1, B2, and B3 (P > 0.05). There was no significant difference in the shear bond strength among groups A1, A2 and A3 (P > 0.05). The shear bond strength of groups B1 and B2 was significantly lower than that of group B3 (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference between groups B1 and B2 (P > 0.05). @*Conclusion@#ViscoStat and ViscoStat Clear had no effect on the marginal integrity of deciduous tooth dentin under the different bonding systems. The two hemostatic agents reduced the shear bonding strength of deciduous tooth dentin under the self-etch adhesive system, but had no effect on the shear bonding strength of deciduous tooth dentin under the total-etch adhesive system.

Comparison of ostene and bone wax on bone healing: a comparative experimental study in rabbits

Introduction: Ostene is a new synthetic bone hemostatic wax-like inert and biocompatible material that dissolves within two days after application. bone wax is a well- known topical hemostatic agent, easy to use, and its application is very simple. wound healing is a complex biological process; bone is a dynamic tissue that is continuously resorbed, renewed, and remodeled. materials and methods: twenty domestic rabbits were divided into four groups (day 1, day 3, day 7, and day 14). each rabbit was anaesthetized and three holes were drilled in the mandible: one was filled with Ostene, another with bone wax, and the other was left unfilled as control. sites of intervention were assessed by histopathology. results and Discussion: Ostene and bone wax showed osteoinductive property in bone healing with no inflammatory reaction. our study revealed new bone formation within 14 days in Ostene group. after histopathological analysis and scoring was finished, analysis by SPSS 14 software showed a significant difference between the use of Ostene and bone wax. conclusion: Ostene showed superiority over bone wax in bone healing, and it can be used in the same way as bone wax with no interference with bone healing and osteogenesis. Ostene has no side effects following application.

Effects of Contamination by Hemostatic Agents and Use of Cleaning Agent on Etch-and-Rinse Dentin Bond Strength

Abstract The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of contamination by hemostatic agents and rinsing with chlorhexidine on bond strength between dentin and resin composite. Ninety-six bovine teeth were sectioned to expose a flat dentin surface area. A standardized cavity with 2.0 mm in thickness, superficial diameter of 4.0 mm and bottom diameter of 3.0 mm was prepared with a diamond bur in each dentin specimen. The teeth were divided into four groups according to the hemostatic employed: G1: control; G2: use of ViscoStat, Ultradent; G3: Hemosthasegel, FGM; and G4: Hemostop, Dentsply. The groups were divided into two subgroups according to the cleaning protocol method (n=12): A: without any further cleaning; and B: cleaning with chlorhexidine at 0.2%. All cavities were filled using a dentin adhesive and a resin composite, following the manufacturer's instructions. After 24 h, the specimens were aged by thermal and mechanical cycling. The bond strength was determined by the push out bond test (MPa), Statistical analysis was performed using two-way ANOVA and Tukey test (p<0.05). Statistically significant differences were detected among all groups treated with hemostatic agents and the control group. The post-hoc test showed that cleaning the cavity with chlorhexidine significantly improves the bond strength between dentin and resin composite. Our results suggested that the use of chlorhexidine can reestablish the bond strength between dentin and resin composite when a hemostatic agent was applied.

Resumo O objetivo desse estudo foi avaliar a influência da contaminação por agentes hemostáticos e da lavagem com clorexidina na resistência de união entre dentina e resina composta. 96 dentes bovinos foram seccionados para a exposição de uma área plana de dentina. Em cada bloco, uma cavidade cônica de 2 mm de espessura, diâmetro externo de 4 mm e diâmetro interno de 3 mm, foi confeccionado com uma ponta diamantada. Os dentes foram divididos em 4 grupos de acordo com o hemostático empregado, como descrito: G1- controle, G2- uso de ViscoStat - Ultradent, G3- uso de Hemosthasegel - FGM, G4- uso de Hemostop - Dentsply. Os grupos foram divididos em 2 subgrupos de acordo com o protocolo de limpeza utilizado (n=12): A - nenhum agente de limpeza; B - limpeza com clorexidina 0.2%. Todas as cavidades foram preenchidas utilizando adesivo dentinário e resina composta, seguindo as instruções dos fabricantes. Após 24 h, os espécimes foram submetidos a protocolo de envelhecimento em cicladora termomecânica. A resistência de união foi determinada pelo teste mecânico de push-out (MPa), as análises estatísticas foram realizadas utilizando ANOVA 2-fatores e teste de Tukey (p<0.05). Diferenças estatisticamente significativas foram detectadas entre todos os grupos tratados com agentes hemostáticos e o grupo controle. O teste post-hoc mostrou que a limpeza da cavidade com clorexidina aumenta significativamente a resistência de união entre dentina e resina composta. Os resultados sugerem que o uso da clorexidina pode restabelecer a resistência de união entre dentina e resina composta quando um agente hemostático é aplicado.

The Efficacy of QuikClot Combat Gauze, Fluid Resuscitation and Movement on Hemorrhage Control in a Porcine Model of Hypothermia.

Aims: The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness QuikClot Combat Gauze (QCG) to a control group on hemorrhage control and investigate the effects of intravenous volume resuscitation on rebleeding and movement on hemostasis in a porcine model of hypothermia. Design: This was a prospective, between subjects, experimental design. Twenty-two Yorkshire swine were randomly assigned to two groups: QCG (n = 11) or control (n=11). Methods: The femoral artery and vein were transected. After 1 minute of uncontrolled hemorrhage, the hemostatic agent QCG was placed into the wound followed by standard wound packing. The control group underwent the same procedures without QCG. After 5 minutes of manual pressure, a pressure dressing was applied to the injury site. Initial resuscitation was performed with 500 mL of rapidly administered IV 6% Hetastarch. Following 30 minutes of observation, the dressings were removed and any additional blood loss was collected and total blood loss calculated. Hemostasis was defined as <2% total blood volume or ~ 100 mL in a 70 kg swine. If hemostasis occurred, 5 Liters of IV crystalloid were rapidly administered and the wound was again observed for rebleeding. If no bleeding occurred, the extremity on the side of the injury was systematically moved through flexion, extension, abduction and adduction sequentially 10 times or until rebleeding occurred. Results: There were significant differences in hemorrhage (P=.01), the amount of volume resuscitation (P =.01) and movement (P =.03) between the QCG and control groups. Conclusion: QCG is effective and statistically superior at controlling hemorrhage, allows for greater fluid resuscitation, and tolerates significant movement without rebleeding compared to the standard pressure dressing control in this hypothermic porcine model of uncontrolled hemorrhage.

Effects of sulfur-based hemostatic agents and gingival retraction cords handled with latex gloves on the polymerization of polyvinyl siloxane impression materials

OBJECTIVES: This study investigated the possible interactions between three addition silicone materials (Express®, Aquasil Ultra® and Adsil®), three hemostatic agents (ferric sulfate, StatGel FS®; aluminum sulfate, GelCord®; and aluminum chloride, Hemostop®) and gingival retraction cords previously handled with latex gloves to determine whether direct contact with medicaments or indirect contamination by latex in conditions similar to those found in clinical practice inhibit or affect the setting of the impression materials. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A portable device for the simultaneous test of several specimens was specifically developed for this study. Polymerization inhibition was analyzed by examination of the impressions and the molded surface. Ten trials were performed for each addition silicone material used in the study, at a total of 240 study samples. RESULTS: All the samples tested (N=240) were nonreactive regardless of the type of combination used. CONCLUSIONS: Aluminum sulfate, ferric sulfate and aluminum chloride hemostatic solutions did not show any inhibitory potential on the addition silicone samples under study, and there were no changes in polymerization as a result of contact between addition silicone and retraction cords handled with latex gloves.

Absorbable hemostatic materials: Safety and clinical application / 第二军医大学学报

This paper reviews the composition, mechanisms, safety and clinical application of major absorbable hemostatic materials, including oxidized cellulose, oxidized regenerated cellulose, thrombin sealants, fibrin glue,collagen, gelatin, α-cyanoacrylate sealants, bovine albumin and gluteraldehyde, chitosan-based hemostatic agents and microporous polysaccharide. Special attention was paid to the relationship between different absorbable hemostatic agents and the blood coagulation mechanism. We also discussed the future development of absorbable hemostatic agents.

Experimental Assessment of Hemostatic Agents: Comparison with New Developed Chitosan-Based Material

PURPOSE: Many hemostatic agents and dressings have been tested with variable degree of success. Chitosan has a positive charge, it attracts red blood cells, which have a negative charge. Our goal is to test the efficacy of new developed chitosan-based hemostatic materials in providing durable hemostasis in a high-flow arterial wound model. METHODS: We compared each group with SD rats motality tests and in vitro blood compatibility test by blood clotting index (BCI). We devided the SD rats into 6 groups (N =15) by type of hemostatic agents. A: 100% nonwoven chitosan (degree of the deacetylation: 90%). B: 50% N-acetylation on nonwoven of chitosan gel (degree of the deacetylation: 50%). C: 60% N-acetylation on nonwoven of chitosan ge (degree of the deacetylation: 40%)l. D: Cutanplast(R). E: HemCon(R) F: Gauze. In vivo test, a proximal arterial injury was created in unilateral femoral arteries of 90 anesthetized SD rats. Each materials was made same size and thickness then applied to the injury site for 3 minutes. In vitro test, we compared each group with BCI in human blood. RESULTS: In vivo test, group A showed lower motality rate of 46% than any other groups, Group B and C showed lower motality rate of 60% than group D and E's motality rate of 66%. In vitro test, BCI of group A (30.6 +/- 1.2) and B (29.3 +/- 1.0) were showed nearly about group D (29.1 +/- 1.8) and E (27.4 +/- 1.6). Group C (37.1 +/- 2.0) showed higher BCI than group A and B, it means group C decreased blood clotting. CONCLUSION: In conclusion, this study suggests a newly developed chitosan-based hemostatic materials induced durable hemostasis and increased blood clotting, and are considered as effective biologic hemostatic agents.