ABSTRACT
Background: The Bethesda system for reporting thyroid cytology (TSBRTC) was devised by the National Cancer Institute (NCI) to obtain uniformity, reproducibility and a defined management protocol while dealing with thyroid lesions. This study was undertaken with the aim to see the benefits of adopting TBSRTC in the diagnosis of thyroid FNAC, and identify the malignancy risk of each category.Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in Indira Gandhi Medical College, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh from June 2016 to July 2017 on 181 thyroid FNACs which were reported according to the Bethesda system for reporting thyroid cytopathology (TBSRTC) under six categories: (I) non-diagnostic/unsatisfactory (II) benign (III) atypia of undetermined significance/follicular lesion of undetermined significance (IV) follicular neoplasm/suspicious for follicular neoplasm (specify if Hurthle cell (oncocytic) type (V) suspicious for malignancy (VI) malignant. Histopathological diagnosis was available for 65 cases where thyroidectomy was performed. Malignancy risk was calculated for each category. Sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values for TBSRCT were also calculated. All the data was analyzed in SPSS software version 22.0 (IBM, USA).Results: Benign lesions constituted the major bulk. After the use of TBSRTC, there was increased ability to look for follicular neoplasms, improvement in making definitive diagnosis of the cases, an improvement in diagnostic accuracy, and we were in line with the implied risk outlined by TBSRTC in most of the cases.Conclusions: Application of TBSRTC results in uniformity in reporting among pathologists and better interdisciplinary communication and patient management.
ABSTRACT
Introduction: Cancer of the cervix is a global health problem and clinical cytopathology brings about detection and diagnosis of disease at stages earlier than possible before which can be further confirmed by histopathology technique. The objective of the present study was to evaluate accuracy of cervical cytology in the diagnosis of cervical lesions including both neoplastic and non neoplastic. Material and Methods: The study comprised of 100 patients with abnormal Pap smear cytology. A detailed clinical history, general physical and systemic examination was conducted and cervical biopsies as well as pap smears received from department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology were processed and stained. Results: A total of seven cases of squamous cell carcinoma were reported majority of which were seen in the advanced age group of greater than 50. In present study 61% cases were reported as NILM, 01% as ASCUS, 06% AGUS. LSIL was diagnosed on cytology in 20% patients, whereas 04% patients had HSIL and 07% patients revealed SCC, and remaining 01 patient (01%) with adenocarcinoma were diagnosed on cytological evaluation. The histopathological findings in 100 cases confirmed 72% cases of chronic cervicitis, 15% as CIN-1, 03% of CIN-2, 01% CIN-3, 01% adenocarcinoma and 08%were diagnosed as invasive squamous cell carcinoma. Cytohistological correlation of 100 cases revealed an overall sensitivity of 95.60% and a specificity of 77.78%. Conclusion: Pap smear test was found to be equally sensitive to histopathological examination for the early detection of different cervical lesions
ABSTRACT
Background: In the country like India where oral cancer with its associated tobacco chewing habit exists in epidemic proportions, constitutes a major public health hazard. The high percentage of oral cancer if not preventable is curable only if detected in its early stage which require large scale screening of the population at risk carried out repeatedly from time to time. Exfoliative cytology plays important role in this. Aim: To study age and sex wise incidence of oral lesion, to study the clinical presentations, to study the role of tobacco chewing, gutkha, pan with areca nut and smoking in benign, premalignant and malignant lesions of oral cavity, to study the cytomorphological changes in oral cavity of different clinico- pathological lesions of chronic tobacco users, to corelate oral cytology with histopathology where ever possible. Materials and methods: A prospective study was carried out in total 135 chronic tobacco users. Patients above 15 years age who presented with oral lesion and with history of tobacco use in any form for more than 1 year were included in the study. Samples were obtained by scrape method using wooden spatula. All the smears were stained by Papanicolaou stain. Results: In the present study of 135 chronic tobacco users 73.33% were male and 26.67% were females. Male to female ratio was 2.75:1. Maximum 34.07% chronic tobacco users were in the age group of 31-40 year.30 cases of oral submucous fibrosis, 5 cases of leukoplakia and 59 cases of clinically suspected malignancy seen. Most common presenting symptom were ulceration in oral cavity in 51.11%. Commonest site of lesion was buccal mucosa in 56.30% cases. Cytological examination of smear showed dysplasia in 58.52% cases, smears positive / suspicious for malignancy in 37.04% cases and inflammatory smears in 3.70% cases. Clinically suspected malignant lesions were seen maximum (40 cases) in age group of 41-60 years which were using tobacco+lime, kharra, gutkha and tobacco smoking as habits. Incidence of malignancy was seen increasing with increased Shweta P. Bijwe, Arun P. Bakshi. Cytodiagnosis of oral lesions in chronic tobacco users. IAIM, 2018; 5(1): 17-27. Page 18 duration and frequency of tobacco use. Maximum 24 cases of malignancy (40.68%) were seen with use of tobacco for more than 25 years, affecting males commonly. Squamous cell carcinoma was the only histological type seen in all the cases. Percentage accuracy of cytologic diagnosis in oral cancer when compared with histopathological diagnosis was 84.75%. Conclusion: Cytology is a reliable method for diagnosis of oral cancer but histological examination remains the gold standard.
ABSTRACT
Background: Imprint smear is simple and rapid technique for tissue diagnosis. Imprint is a touch preparation in which tissue is touched on the slide and it leaves behind its imprint in the form of cells on glass slide; studies are made after proper staining. Aims & Objective: (1) To evaluate utility of imprint smears as diagnostic modality; (2) To study the merits and pitfalls of imprint smears techniques in the diagnosis; (3) To correlate the findings of imprint smears with histopathological findings. Materials and Methods: This was a prospective study of 100 surgical specimens submitted in Department of Pathology, MGM Medical College, Indore. Smears obtained were stained with Papanicolaou Stain & studied. Results: Out of total 35 benign lesions, 32(91.4%) were diagnosed correctly and 03(8.6) was false negative. Out of total 65 malignant lesions 58 (89.2%) were diagnosed correctly, 07 (10.8%) were false negative. Conclusion: Imprint smear is rapid technique for diagnosis & can be utilized for adjuvant to histological diagnosis.
ABSTRACT
En la última revisión de la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) en relación a los tumores del sistema nervioso central (SNC), se describieron nuevas entidades, como el Tumor Papilar de la Glándula Pineal. Esta lesión de rara aparición, se ha identificado en adultos jóvenes. El diagnóstico de estos tumores es complejo ya que depende de su ubicación, edad de aparición y el aspecto histológico; éste último tiene similitudes con otras lesiones como el ependimoma papilar o el papiloma/carcinoma de plexos coroides. Citológicamente presentan características claras que pueden ayudar al diagnóstico a través de la impronta en el estudio intraoperatorio; reconocer ciertos criterios con éste importante y sencillo método diagnóstico ha sido la motivación principal para el estudio de entidades poco frecuentes del SNC, además de corroborar el necesario trabajo de un equipo multidisciplinar.
In the latest revision of the central nervous system tumors (CNS) of the World Health Organization (WHO), new entities has been described, as papillary tumor of the pineal region. This rare lesion has been identified in young adults. The diagnosis of these tumors is complex, depends on the location, age of onset and histological appearance. Histological characteristics have similarities with other lesions such as papillary ependymoma, papiloma / choroid plexus carcinoma. Cytologically have clear characteristics that can aid in the diagnosis through the smears on the intraoperative study. Certain criteria for recognize this important and simple diagnostic method has been the main motivation for the study of CNS rare entities, as our case, in addition to corroborating the necessary work of a multidisciplinary team.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Papilloma , Pineal Gland , Carcinoma , Central Nervous System , Choroid , Histocytological Preparation Techniques , Central Nervous System Neoplasms , Cytodiagnosis , Ependymoma , Insemination, Artificial, Heterologous , NeoplasmsABSTRACT
Introducción: la duodenitis es una condición frecuente, con el desarrollo de la endoscopia digestiva se han propuesto diferentes nomenclaturas para su descripción, sin una efectiva unanimidad de conceptos y la asociación clínica-histopatológica no está clara. Objetivo: evaluar la correlación endoscópica e histopatológica de la duodenitis en pacientes ambulatorios con síntomas de dispepsia. Pacientes y métodos: estudio descriptivo, prospectivo, de corte transversal y analítico. Se realizó endoscopia digestiva superior diagnóstica a 39 pacientes con síntomas de dispepsia de la consulta de Gastroenterología, con toma de muestra de mucosa duodenal para análisis histopatológico. Se estableció el grado de duodenitis según clasificación endoscópica ajustada (Sistema Sydney) y se determinó la correlación entre el grado de duodenitis endoscópica y el diagnóstico histopatológico. Resultados: se incluyeron 32 pacientes, 18 femeninos (56,25%) y 14 masculinos (43,75%). La media de edad fue 47,5 ±15,4 años; el síntoma predominante fue Epigastralgia (59,36%). Hubo concordancia de 100% entre las anormalidades endoscópicas y las alteraciones histopatológicas (p <0,01). Se obtuvo una sensibilidad de las alteraciones endoscópicas frente a las histopatológicas de 97% con especificidad de 100%. La relación entre los hallazgos endoscópicos y el reporte histopatológico fue estadísticamente significativa, p < 0,01, con una correlación positiva sustancial alta, c= 0,74. Conclusión: la endoscopia digestiva superior permitió evaluar y clasificar correctamente la presencia de duodenitis, con una alta correlación con el diagnóstico histopatológico.
Introduction: Duodenitis is a common condition, with the development of digestive endoscopy different nomenclatures have been proposed for their description, without an effective unanimity of concepts and the clinic-histopathological association is unclear. Objective: Evaluate the endoscopic and histopathological correlation of duodenitis in ambulatory patients with symptoms of dyspepsia. Patients and methods: Descriptive, prospective, cross-sectional and analytical study. Upper digestive diagnostic endoscopy was performed in 39 patients with symptoms of dyspepsia of the Gastroenterology consultation, with sampling of the duodenal mucosa for histopathological analysis. The degree of duodenitis was established according the adjusted endoscopic classification (Sydney System) and the correlation between the degree of endoscopic duodenitis and the histopathological diagnosis was determined. Results: 32 patients were included, 18 female (56.25%) and 14 male (43.75%). The mean age was 47.5 ± 15.4 years; the predominant symptom was Epigastric pain (59.36%). There was 100% concordance between the endoscopic abnormalities and the histopathological alterations (p < 0.01). The sensitivity of the endoscopic alterations compared to the histopathological was 97% and the specificity 100%. The relation between the endoscopic findings and the histopathological report was statistically significant, p < 0.01, with a high positive substantial correlation, c = 0.74. Conclusion: Upper digestive endoscopy allowed evaluate and correctly classify the presence of duodenitis, with a high correlation with the histopathological diagnosis.