Airway humidification therapy for pertussis in infants / 中国基层医药

Objective:To investigate the effects of airway humidification therapy on pertussis in infants.Methods:Sixty children with pertussis who received treatment in Wenzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine from May 2020 to September 2021 were included in this study. They were randomly divided into study and control groups, with 30 infants per group. The control group was treated with conventional drugs. The study group was subjected to airway humidification therapy based on conventional drug treatment. Clinical efficacy was evaluated in each group. Time to an improvement in clinical symptoms and length of hospital stay were recorded. Lung function indicators and serum inflammatory factor levels were determined before and after treatment. Pertussis-related complications were recorded.Results:The overall response rate in the study group was significantly higher than that in the control group (100.00% vs. 76.7%, χ2 = 5.82, P = 0.016). Time to disappearance of spastic cough, time to resolution of cyanosis, time to disappearance of pulmonary rales, and length of hospital stay in the study group were (3.10 ± 0.67) days, (1.53 ± 0.68) days, (4.27 ± 0.58) days, and (11.57 ± 0.73) days, respectively, which were significantly shorter than (4.23 ± 1.99) days, (2.67 ± 1.77) days, (5.63 ± 2.38) days, (13.33 ± 2.40) days ( t = 2.93, 3.27, 3.04, 3.86; P = 0.005, 0.002, 0.003, P < 0.001). Respiratory rate in the study group was significantly lower than that in the control group [(21.83 ± 1.15) breaths/minute vs. (24.23 ± 3.12) breaths/minute, t = 3.94, P = 0.002]. Tidal volume/kg body weight, the ratio of time to peak expiratory flow to total expiratory time and the ratio of volume to peak expiratory flow to total expiratory volume in the study group were (10.70 ± 0.81) mL/kg, (41.60 ± 1.57)%, (42.89 ± 1.44)%, respectively, which were significantly higher than (9.78 ± 1.34) mL/kg, (39.18 ± 3.37)%, (40.20 ± 3.05)% in the control group ( t = 3.21, 3.56, 4.36; P < 0.001, P = 0.001, P < 0.001). Serum tumor necrosis alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-6 and interleukin-8 levels in the study group were (62.44 ± 2.96) ng/L, (46.59 ± 1.96) ng/L, (54.63 ± 3.27) ng/L, respectively, which were significantly lower than (79.86 ± 3.30) ng/L, (58.20 ± 2.10) ng/L, (63.31 ± 3.86) ng/L in the control group ( t =21.53, 22.13, 9.38, all P < 0.001). The overall incidence of pertussis in the study group was significantly lower than that in the control group (3.3% vs. 26.7%, χ2 = 4.71, P = 0.030). Conclusion:Airway humidification therapy can shorten the time to reduction of symptoms of spasmodic pertussis, improve clinical efficacy, strengthen pulmonary ventilation function, lower respiratory tract inflammatory responses and reduce the risk of pertussis-related complications.

The effect of high flow humidification oxygen inhalation on hypoxemia in patients undergoing cardiac surgery and the effect of postoperative weaning time / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective:To study the effect of high flow humidification oxygen inhalation on hypoxemia in patients undergoing cardiac surgery and the effect of postoperative weaning time.Methods:A total of 80 patients with hypoxemia after cardiac surgery from January 2018 to January 2020 were selected for the study, according to the random number table, they were divided into the observation group and the control group, 40 cases each.The control group was treated with noninvasive positive pressure ventilation, while the observation group was treated with high flow humidification and oxygen absorption. The weaning time, the changes of the arterial oxygen partial pressure (PaO 2), partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO 2), oxygenation index (PaO 2/FiO 2), pH value, spontaneous breathing frequency (RR), heart rate before and after treatment 2 h, 6 h, 24 h, and the incidence of complications were compared between the two groups. Results:The weaning time in the observation group was (35.51±4.61) h, and that in the control group was (44.04±3.85) h, the difference was statistically significant( t value was 8.982, P<0.01). The PaO 2 in the observation group at 2, 6, 24 h after treatment were (73.96±4.32), (79.82±3.61), (94.82±2.71) mmHg(1 mmHg=0.133 kPa), and those in the control group were (70.72±3.10), (75.63±3.88), (90.27±3.55) mmHg, the differences were statistically significant( t values were 3.854, 5.000, 6.443, P<0.01). The PaO 2/FiO 2 in the observation group at 2, 6, 24 h after treatment were (239.45±18.74), (269.85±20.09), (291.83±17.30) mmHg, and those in the control group were (226.74±20.72), (251.12±16.74), (279.65±19.40) mmHg, the differences were statistically significant( t values were 2.877, 4.530, 2.964, P<0.01). The RR in the observation group at 2, 6, 24 h after treatment were (24.74±2.03), (22.61±1.86), (18.63±2.05) times/min, and those in the control group were (26.07±1.89), (24.24±1.73), (20.11±1.87) times/min, the differences were statistically significant( t values were 3.033, 4.058, 3.373, P<0.01). The heart rate in the observation group at 2, 6, 24 h after treatment were (83.32±4.88), (76.06±4.71), (70.34±3.82) times/min, and those in the control group were (86.06±3.29), (80.91±4.31), (75.71±6.22) times/min, the differences were statistically significant( t values were 2.944, 4.805, 4.653, P<0.01). The total incidence of complications in the observation group was 7.50%(3/40), and that in the control group was 25.00%(10/40), the difference was statistically significant( χ 2 value was 4.501, P<0.05). Conclusions:High flow humidification and oxygen absorption is well for patients with hypoxemia after cardiac surgery, which effectively improve the blood gas index, shorten the weaning time, reduce the incidence of complications, and have good safety, which is worth popularizing.

Análise do processo de dessalinização solar com ênfase no método de umidificação e desumidificação / Analysis of the process of solar desalination with emphasis in the humidification and dehumidification method

RESUMO A falta de água é um problema que afeta muitas regiões do nosso planeta, especialmente ilhas e locais de clima muito seco. Especialistas dizem que essa situação irá se agravar e que, em 2025, cerca de 1,8 bilhão de pessoas sofrerão com essa escassez. Embora métodos tradicionais de dessalinização sejam alternativas bem conhecidas e implantadas para obtenção de água potável, eles não são sustentáveis ambientalmente, porque são geralmente supridos por combustíveis não renováveis, cuja queima intensifica o efeito estufa, trazendo desequilíbrios ao meio ambiente. Outra opção que vem sendo desenvolvida ao longo dos anos é a dessalinização por energia solar. Como se trata de uma forma de energia limpa, abundante e renovável, esse método já é muito indicado em regiões isoladas, de baixa e média demanda. Algumas técnicas são apresentadas neste trabalho, que foca o método de dessalinização por umidificação e desumidificação (DSUD). Essa técnica tem se mostrado a mais eficiente, devido ao seu reaproveitamento de energia. Há ainda muito o que melhorar para viabilizar a sua implantação em grande escala, principalmente em termos de produção de água, energia específica requerida e custo específico de produção de água. Entretanto, a DSUD já se mostrou uma técnica sustentável, promissora, de custo razoável e funcionamento simples. Dessa forma, os autores incentivam maiores investimentos em pesquisas no Brasil na área de dessalinização solar e aproveitamento dos rejeitos do processo, visando à produção de água purificada nas regiões brasileiras que têm deficiência em água potável.

ABSTRACT The lack of water is a problem that affects many regions in our planet, specially in very dry places and isles. Experts say that this situation will worsen, and that by 2025 about 1.8 billion people will suffer with water scarcity. Although traditional desalination methods are well-known and implemented alternatives to obtain fresh drinking water, they are not environmentally sustainable, because they are generally supplied by non-renewable fuels, whose combustion intensifies the greenhouse effect, causing disequilibrium to the environment. Another option that has been developed along the years is the desalination by solar energy. Since it is a clean, abundant and renewable type of energy, it is already a good option to isolated regions, whose demand is low or medium. Some technics are shown in this work, which focuses on the humidification-dehumidification desalination method. This technique has shown to be the most efficient one, due to its energy reuse. There is still a long way to go in order to make it viable in large scale, especially in terms of water production, specific energy requirement and specific cost of water production. However, solar desalination by humidification-dehumidification has proven to be a sustainable, promising technic which is reasonably costly and simple to operate. Therefore, the authors encourage more investments in researches in Brazil in the area of solar desalination and use of its rejects, aiming at the production of fresh water in Brazilian regions lacking it.

Network meta-analysis of airway humidification in patients with non-mechanical ventilation after domestic gastrectomy / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective@#To evaluate the therapeutic effects of various airway humidification methods to prevent pulmonary infection in non-mechanical ventilation patients by network meta-analysis.@*Methods@#The Pubmed, Embase, Web of Science, Wanfang data, and CNKI databases were searched and a randomized controlled trial (RCT) was developed for the method of humidification in non-mechanical ventilation patients after domestic air-surgery. The staff independently screened the literature, extracted the data, and used the stata14.0 software for network meta-analysis.@*Results@#In the 3 342 articles, 25 of them were included in the Meta-analysis, involving 6 methods of airway humidification. The order of effectiveness: first place in artificial nose, second in venturi humidification device, third in continuous atomization, Intermittent atomization ranked fourth, continued to drop into the fifth place, intermittently dropped into the sixth position of humidification.@*Conclusion@#The effectiveness of artificial nose device and venturi humidification device has been gradually recognized by domestic counterparts. Meta analysis shows that it is effective in preventing lung infection and worth promoting.

Study on the effects of different humidifying liquids applied to non-invasive mechanical ventilation airway humidification / 药学实践杂志

Objective To study the effects of different airway humidification fluid applied to non-invasive mechanical ventilation.Methods 121cases of non-invasive mechanical ventilation admitted to the hospital from May 2016to May 2017were randomly divided into three groups.40cases in group A received sterile water for injection as humidifying liquid.40cases in group B received normal saline and 41cases in group C received 1.25％sodium bicarbonate water solution.The viscosity of sputum and the comfort of humidification for the three groups were compared.Results On day 1, there was no significant difference in the sputum viscosity among the three groups. (F=0.230, P=0.795).On day 2, group A had the highest sputum viscosity, followed by group B and group C.The difference was statistically significant (F=4.416, P＜0.05).The same results were obtained on day 3with statistically significant difference (F=11.388, P＜0.001).Group C had the highest comfort score among the three groups with statistically significant difference (F=37.901, P＜0.001).Conclusion 1.25％sodium bicarbonate water solution makes sputum more diluted and gives patients with better comfort.It can be considered as the fluid of choice for patients with high sputum amount.

Acondicionamiento del gas inhalado en pacientes con vía aérea artificial. Revisión narrativa / Humidification and heating of inhaled gas in patients with artificial airway. A narrative review

RESUMEN La instrumentación de la vía aérea del paciente crítico (tubo endotraqueal o cánula de traqueostomía) impide que ésta pueda cumplir con su función de calentar y humidificar el gas inhalado. Sumado a ello la administración de gases medicinales fríos y secos, y los altos flujos a los que se someten los pacientes en ventilación mecánica invasiva o no invasiva, generan una condición aún más desfavorable. Debido a esto es imperativo utilizar algún dispositivo para acondicionar los gases entregados incluso en tratamientos de corta duración con el fin de evitar los daños potenciales sobre la estructura y función del epitelio respiratorio. En el ámbito de terapia intensiva es habitual para esto el uso de intercambiadores de calor y humedad, como así también el uso de sistemas de humidificación activa. Para su correcta utilización es necesario poseer el conocimiento necesario sobre las especificaciones técnicas, ventajas y desventajas de cada uno de estos dispositivos ya que el acondicionamiento de los gases inspirados representa una intervención clave en pacientes con vía aérea artificial y se ha transformado en un cuidado estándar. La selección incorrecta del dispositivo o la configuración inapropiada pueden impactar negativamente en los resultados clínicos. Los integrantes del Capítulo de Kinesiología Intensivista de la Sociedad Argentina de Terapia Intensiva realizaron una revisión narrativa con el objetivo de exponer la evidencia disponible en relación al acondicionamiento del gas inhalado en pacientes con vía aérea artificial, profundizando sobre los conceptos relacionados a los principios de funcionamiento de cada uno.

ABSTRACT Instrumentation of the airways in critical patients (endotracheal tube or tracheostomy cannula) prevents them from performing their function of humidify and heating the inhaled gas. In addition, the administration of cold and dry medical gases and the high flows that patients experience during invasive and non-invasive mechanical ventilation generate an even worse condition. For this reason, a device for gas conditioning is needed, even in short-term treatments, to avoid potential damage to the structure and function of the respiratory epithelium. In the field of intensive therapy, the use of heat and moisture exchangers is common for this purpose, as is the use of active humidification systems. Acquiring knowledge about technical specifications and the advantages and disadvantages of each device is needed for proper use since the conditioning of inspired gases is a key intervention in patients with artificial airway and has become routine care. Incorrect selection or inappropriate configuration of a device can have a negative impact on clinical outcomes. The members of the Capítulo de Kinesiología Intensivista of the Sociedad Argentina de Terapia Intensiva conducted a narrative review aiming to show the available evidence regarding conditioning of inhaled gas in patients with artificial airways, going into detail on concepts related to the working principles of each one.

The best practice strategy of humidification oxygen therapy for patients with artificial airway during weaning from ventilation / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective To explore the better humidification oxygen therapy for patients with artificial airway from weaning to extubation, ensure the best humidification effect, keep airway unobstructed,shorten tubulization time and reduce the incidence of infection. Methods A total of 133 patients with artificial airway during weaning from ventilation admitted from March to December in 2016 in intensive care unit of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University were included in the study.They were divided into the experimental group(69 patients)and the control group(64 patients) by random lottery form.The experimental group was given improved combination device(venturi,heated humidifier and ventilator tube)during oxygen therapy for humidification and heating, while the control group was treated with oxygen therapy in endotracheal tube and continuous wet micro-injection pump 0.45% sodium chloride method.The heart rate,respiratory rate,blood oxygen saturation,offline time with tube,offline failure rate,sputum viscosity,sputum scab formation,irritant cough and pulmonary infection were compared between the two groups. Results The heart rate,respiratory rate,blood oxygen saturation and offline time with tube in the experimental group were(80.50±7.07)times/min,(17.38±1.92)times/min, 0.98±0.01,and(1.58±1.06)days,and which were(88.50±3.07)times/min,(21.38±1.51)times/min,0.96± 0.01 and(3.00±1.09)days in the control group.The differences were statistically significant(t=2.268-4.782,P<0.05 or 0.01).The offline failure(2 cases),sputum scab formation(3 cases),irritant cough(4 cases) and pulmonary infection(4 cases) were less than 8 cases, 12 cases, 20 cases,12 cases in control group. The differences were statistically significant (χ2=4.652-14.545, P < 0.05 or 0.01). The sputum viscosity ofⅠ,ⅡandⅢwere 5 cases,52 cases and 12 cases in the experimental group,which were better than 13 cases,11 cases and 40 cases in the control group.The difference was statistically significant(Z=3.385, P < 0.01). Conclusions The improved oxygen therapy heated humidify strategy can not only achieve satisfactory humidification effect, but also improve the success rate of offline machines, shorten tubulization time,promote the comfort and tolerance of patients,and reduce the occurrence of infection.

Airway humidification therapy / 中华实用儿科临床杂志

Airway humidification is one of the important measures for airway management.To master the hu-midification indication,humidification method and effect evaluation is helpful to achieve the best humidification effect, reduce complications,reduce incidence of pulmonary infection and promote early recovery of children.

Design and application of new type of humidification fluid dropping joint for breathing machine / 医疗卫生装备

Objective To develop a humidification fluid dropping joint for the breathing machine to solve the problems in humidification fluid retension,pipeline leakage,pipeline fixation and etc.Methods A Infusion extension tube was involved in with 10 cm length left at the injector end.A hole was made at the side wall of the L-shaped joint of the breathing machine,whose internal diameter equaled to the external diameter of the extension tube.The extension tube was put into the joint through the hole,and the depth of imbedded tube was within 4 and 6 cm.Sealing and fixation at the connection between the tube and hole were executed with 502 glue and short tourniquet.Results The humidification fluid dropping joint could be connected with infusion apparatus of the pump or the infusion extension tube of the micro pump,which behaved well in eliminating accumulated humidification fluid,sputum suction,humidification and facilitating mechanical ventilation.Conclusion The joint developed gains advantages in easy manufacture,reducing complications and increasing the dependence on artificial airway,and thus is worthy promoting clinically.

Research advancement of humidification in patients with artificial airway during mechanical ventilation / 中国实用护理杂志

In order to improve the quality of humidification in patients with artificial airway during the mechanical ventilation, ensure the quality of artificial airway nursing. From the way of humidification , the choice of humidification liquid, the volume of humidification liquid control, the temperature of humidification liquid and the evaluation of humidification effect to research the present situation of humidification of artificial airway during mechanical ventilation. Put forward best way of patients with artificial airway nursing during the mechanical ventilation is wetting by temperature humidity of the Breathing machine′s and at the same time to strengthen the monitoring of the airway of humidification effect.

Clinical application of novel oxygen humidification bottle drying rack / 医疗卫生装备

Objective To explore the practicability and feasibility of the oxygen humidification bottle drying rack for drying wet bottle and inner core.Methods Totally 600 sets of recovered humidification bottles and inner cores were cleaned and sterilized,and then divided equally into an experimental group and a control group.The experimental group used the oxygen humidification bottle and the control group applied the basket.The bottles and inner cores in the experimental group were placed upside down on the drying rack,and then underwent 3-h drying in the electric thermostatic drying cabinet (45 ℃).The bottles in the control group were placed in the plastic basket closely,and the inner cores were inserted in the gap between the bottles,then the bottles and inner cores went through 3-h drying in the electric thermostatic drying cabinet (45 ℃) as well.The two groups had 30 sets of bottles and inner cores dried at each time.Results The experimental had the drying rate (96％) significantly higher than that (68％) in the control group (x2=79.675,P＜0.005),while the rollover rate (0％) statistically lower than that (17.67％) in the control group (x2=58.14,P＜0.005).It's indicated that the experimental group behaved obviously better than the control group in drying rate and rollover rate.Conclusion The oxygen humiliation bottle drying rack has a good effect on fixing and drying wet bottles.The device can ensure the quality of disinfection,shorten the drying time and improve the working efficiency.

Clinical application of novel oxygen humidification bottle drying rack / 医疗卫生装备

Objective To explore the practicability and feasibility of the oxygen humidification bottle drying rack for drying wet bottle and inner core.Methods Totally 600 sets of recovered humidification bottles and inner cores were cleaned and sterilized,and then divided equally into an experimental group and a control group.The experimental group used the oxygen humidification bottle and the control group applied the basket.The bottles and inner cores in the experimental group were placed upside down on the drying rack,and then underwent 3-h drying in the electric thermostatic drying cabinet (45 ℃).The bottles in the control group were placed in the plastic basket closely,and the inner cores were inserted in the gap between the bottles,then the bottles and inner cores went through 3-h drying in the electric thermostatic drying cabinet (45 ℃) as well.The two groups had 30 sets of bottles and inner cores dried at each time.Results The experimental had the drying rate (96％) significantly higher than that (68％) in the control group (x2=79.675,P＜0.005),while the rollover rate (0％) statistically lower than that (17.67％) in the control group (x2=58.14,P＜0.005).It's indicated that the experimental group behaved obviously better than the control group in drying rate and rollover rate.Conclusion The oxygen humiliation bottle drying rack has a good effect on fixing and drying wet bottles.The device can ensure the quality of disinfection,shorten the drying time and improve the working efficiency.

Meta-analysis of oxygen inhalation therapy with humidifying and non-humidifying oxygen / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective To evaluate patient outcomes of sustained low flow oxygen inhalation therapy with humidifying and non-humidifying oxygen.Methods Randomized controlled trial (RCT) about sustained low flow oxygen therapy with humidifying and non-humidifying oxygen were searched from China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI),Wanfang database,VIP database,PubMed on line.Literatures were searched from the database had been established till now.The primary outcome of the rate of unpleasant respiratory symptoms,oxygen humidification cylinder pollution as well as secondary lower respiratory tract infections were attached importance to.Two reviewers evaluated the literatures independently according to the RCT authentic assessment manual of Cochrane Collaboration.Negotiation took as the measure to attach an agreement.RevMan 5.2 was used to analyses the result of the study.Results A total of 15 met the inclusion criteria,Meta-analysis showed that humidifying and non-humidifying oxygen was not statistically significant with the rate of unpleasant respiratory symptoms (P ＞ 0.05).Non-humidifying group was better than humidity group at the rate of oxygen humidification cylinder pollution and the secondary lower respiratory symptoms (Z=2.50,2.44,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions Low flow nasal oxygen inhalation therapy may not have to use humidifying oxygen.

Airway humidfi icationd urin g mechanical ventilation / 中国小儿急救医学

Humidificait on by artificial means must be provided when the upper airway is bypassed during mechanical ventilation.Enough humidification is very important during mechanical ventilation.Heated humidification( HH) and heta and moisture exchanger( HME) are the most commonly used types of artificial humidification in this situation.In this article, their advantages and disadvantages are itn roduced.HH na d HME are compared in humidification performance,effect no ventilator mechanics and association with venti-lation associated pneumonia.Depending on the clinical scenario, humidifier is reasonably selected, and the selection may changeo ver time according the treatment effect.

Effects of two different methods for airway humidification for patients with tracheostomy：a Meta-analysis / 中华危重病急救医学

Objective To evaluate the effects of two different kinds of airway humidification for tracheostomy patients, and to provide their relevant clinical effect and suggestions for their use. Methods Online databases, including PubMed, EMBASE, JBI evidence-based nursing center library, the Cochrane Library, and Chinese databases (CNKI, Wanfang database, VIP, CBM) were searched systematically up to March 2015. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were considered eligible for inclusion if the following criteria were met: no history of respiratory tract infection; satisfactory nutritional status; tracheotomy performed; 18 years older. Two different humidification methods were used. Continuous airway humidification was used in the experiment group, while intermittent airway humidification was used in the control group. Two qualified reviewers reviewed the original articles, evaluating the quality of articles, and data were extracted independently. The enrolled RCTs were analyzed by Meta-analysis. Results A total of nine RCTs were included, containing 631 cases, among them 316 cases in expertment group, and 315 cases in control group. Continuous airway humidification was shown to be able to reduce the incidence of irritable cough [odds ratio (OR) = 0.20, 95% confidence interval (95%CI) = 0.12-0.34, P < 0.000 01], bleeding form mucosa of respiratory tract (OR = 0.25, 95%CI = 0.14-0.45, P < 0.000 01), sputum conglomeration (OR = 0.19, 95%CI = 0.10-0.39, P < 0.000 01), and pneumonia (OR = 0.29, 95%CI = 0.19-0.45, P < 0.000 01). The funnel plots were largely symmetrical, suggesting there was no publication bias in the Meta-analysis of two methods for airway humidification for tracheostomy patients. Conclusion Because the number of including articles was relative small, and the quality of some articles was poor, it is impossible to draw a reliable conclusion that continuous airway humidification could lower the incidence of complications for patients undergone tracheostomy.

The application of actively heated humidified high flow nasal cannula oxygen therapy in adults / 中华危重病急救医学

Actively heated, humidified high flow nasal cannula oxygen therapy (HFNC) is a new type of oxygen therapy. Because of its unique physiological effects, the clinical application is becoming more and more popular. This article is to summarize the physiological effects, clinical application and short comings of HFNC. Compared with conventional oxygen therapy, HFNC helps to improve oxygenation better, and it is more comfortable than non-invasive ventilation (NIV) in use. Proper use of HFNC may be able to reduce the use of NIV and decrease the rate of endotracheal intubation. It can be used for adults with mild to moderate hypoxia, or for patients undergoing palliative care. However, the experience of the use of HFNC in adults is limited, and there is yet no corresponding clinical guideline. Therefore, further research with a large sample is required to determine the long-term effect of this technique, and to identify the adult patient population to whom is most beneficial.

Different methods of airway moist on wetting effect and pulmonary infection after tracheotomy for elderly patients with cerebral hemorrhage / 现代临床护理

Objective To compare the effects of airway humidification by intermittent atomization inhalation and micro pump control on pulmonary infection after tracheotomy in elderly patients with serebral hemorrhage. Methods From February 2012 to February 2013, 46 elderly patients with heavy craniocerebral injury and tracheotomy were set as the control group, treated with intermittent atomization inhalation. From March 2013 to March 2014, 50 elderly patients with severe craniocerebral injury and tracheotomy were set as the observation group, treated with micro pump controlled continuous airway humidification. The two groups were compared in terms of the satisfaction rate and incidence of pulmonary infection. Result The satisfaction rate of the observation group was higher than that of the control group and the incidence of pulmonary infection was significantly lower than that of the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion Micro pump controlled airway humidification for elderly patients with severe craniocerebral injury can improve the airway humidification effect and reduce the incidence of pulmonary infection.

Effect research of two kinds of airway humidification solution for patients with tracheotomy of airway humidification / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective To compare the influence of tracheotomy after two wet fluid on airway and provide the basis for clinical treatment and care. Methods A total of 30 patients with severe brain injury stay neurosurgery tracheotomy were divided into 0.45% sodium chloride group and ambroxol hydrochloride group with 15 cases each by random digits table method, two airway humidification liquid (0.45%sodium chloride,0.9% sodium chloride + ambroxol hydrochloride) were each instilled in the trachea inner sleeve. Blood gas analysis was performed and the levels of serum lung surface active substances related protein-A (SP-A protein), interleukin-6, interleukin-8, tumor necrosis factor-alpha(TNF-α) were measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) before 1 d and after 3,7,14 d of tracheotomy. Results There were significant differences in arterial blood oxygen partial pressure, arterial carbon dioxide partial pressure, oxygenation index after 14 d of tracheotomy between ambroxol hydrochloride group and 0.45% sodium chloride group:(110.72±26.75) mmHg(1 mmHg=0.133 kPa) vs.(89.39±21.98) mmHg, (30.44±6.75) mmHg vs. (35.12±7.28) mmHg, 333.23±80.56 vs. 270.93±77.21, t=29.49,-8.63,7.44, P<0.01.There were significant differences in the levels of serum SP-A protein, interleukin -6, interleukin -8, TNF-α after 14 d of tracheotomy between ambroxol hydrochloride group and 0.45% sodium chloride group:(191.34 ±1.21) ng/L vs. (61.92 ±12.0) ng/L, (2.62 ±0.23) ng/L vs. (5.42 ±0.16) ng/L, (124.56 ±2.10) ng/L vs. (185.91 ±1.48) ng/L, (31.32±1.38) ng/L vs.(69.13±1.16) ng/L, t=75.72,-13.51,-23.89,-20.97, P<0.01. Conclusions The airway humidification effect of ambroxol hydrochloride group is better than 0.45%sodium chloride group, it can improve the wetting effect, and better protect the lung tissue, reduce the incidence of lung infection, make it an ideal airway humidification liquid.

Effect of accurate airway humidiifcation in patients with low-temperature plasma coblation-assisted tonsillectomy / 中国耳鼻咽喉头颈外科

[ABSTRACT]OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of accurate airway humidification on hemorrhage, pharyngalgia, mucosal edema and sputum viscosity in patients with low-temperature plasma coblation-assisted tonsillectomy.METHODS58 cases were divided into three groups by using random numbers.In accurate airway humidification group, atomizing inhalation was carried out by AIRVOTM series apparatus; in oxygen atomizing group, budesonide suspension was used; in control group, saline was used. We evaluated the hemorrhage, pharyngalgia, mucosal edema and sputum viscosity in 3 consecutive postoperative days.RESULTSPharyngalgia in accurate airway humidification group and in oxygen atomizing group were both significantly reduced than that of the control group (P<0.001). Besides, in accurate airway humidification group, mucosal edema and sputum viscosity were significantly improved than that of the oxygen atomizing group (P<0.05) and control group (P<0.05).CONCLUSIONAccurate airway humidification could reduce the complications such as pharyngalgia, mucosal edema and purulent sputum after low-temperature plasma coblation-assisted tonsillectomy, and could accelerate recovery from surgery.

Application and bacteriological monitoring of humidification of infant in-cubator bx water-filled cup / 中国感染控制杂志

Objective To compare the humidification efficacy of sterile water-filled cup and sterile water-filled wa-ter reservoir on infant incubators,as well as bacterial culture of incubators . Methods Ten infant incubators in a neonatal intensive care unit were randomly divided into observation group and control group,incubators in observa-tion group were humidified through sterile water in single used cups,in control group were through water in water reservoirs ,humidified water,air in incubators,and object surface were performed bacterial culture 24 hours after the change of humidified water. Results The humidity in both groups achieved the requirement of >50% ;the qualified rate of bacterial culture of humidified water in observation group was significantly higher than control group (91.00% vs 74.00% ,χ2= 10.009,P= 0.002);bacterial count in observation group was significantly lower than control group([26.85±16.67]CFU/mL vs [37.20±15.28]CFU/mL,t= 4.577,P<0.001).The qualified rate of bacterial culture of air and surface of incubators in observation group were both significantly higher than control group (94.00% vs 85.00% ;98.00% vs 68.00% ,both P<0.05).Conclusion Water-filled cups can achieve the air humidification efficacy on infant incubators,reduce the growth of bacteria,and is helpful for preventing the occur-rence of healthcare-associated infection.