Conhecimento dos profissionais intra-hospitalares acerca do suporte básico de vida em uma parada cardiorrespiratória / In-hospital professionals' knowledge about basic life support in cardiac arrest / Conocimiento de los profesionales intrahospitalarios sobre el soporte vital básico en la parada cardíaca

Objetivo: avaliar o efeito da intervenção educativa no conhecimento da equipe de enfermagem sobre o suporte básico de vida para o atendimento à parada cardiorrespiratória de adultos no ambiente intra-hospitalar. Método: estudo transversal com abordagem quantitativa, realizado com 25 profissionais de enfermagem em dois hospitais de região oeste de Santa Catarina - Brasil. Avaliou-se por meio da aplicação de um pré-teste, intervenção educativa e pós-teste. Resultados: houve aumento significativo no conhecimento dos profissionais. O hospital A obteve a média de acertos de 7,23 no pré-teste, elevando para 11,33 no pós-teste, com valor de p ≤ 0,0001. Já o hospital B pontuou 6,07 no pré-teste, progredindo para 11,15 no pós-teste, valor de p ≤ 0,0006. Conclusão: a intervenção realizada demonstrou ser uma estratégia eficaz, visto que os resultados pré-teste demostravam déficit significativo de conhecimento, e após a intervenção educativa, mostraram melhoria na maioria dos itens avaliados em relação ao atendimento específico.

Objective: to evaluate the effect of an educational intervention on the nursing team's knowledge about basic life support for adult cardiac arrest care in the in-hospital environment. Method: cross-sectional study with a quantitative approach, carried out with 25 nursing professionals in two hospitals in the western region of Santa Catarina - Brazil. A pre-test, educational intervention and post-test were applied. Results: there was a significant increase in the professionals' knowledge. Hospital A had a mean score of 7.23 in the pre-test, increasing to 11.33 in the post-test, with p-value ≤ 0.0001. Hospital B scored 6.07 in the pre-test, increasing to 11.15 in the post-test, p-value ≤ 0.0006. Conclusion: the intervention proved to be an effective strategy, since the pre-test results showed significant knowledge deficit, and after the educational intervention, showed improvement in most of the items evaluated in relation to specific care.

Objetivos:evaluar el efecto de una intervención educativa en el conocimiento del equipo de enfermería sobre el soporte vital básico para la atención del paro cardíaco del adulto en el ambiente intrahospitalario. Método: estudio transversal con abordaje cuantitativo, realizado con 25 profesionales de enfermería en dos hospitales de la región oeste de Santa Catarina - Brasil. Se aplicó un pre-test, una intervención educativa y un post-test. Resultados: hubo un aumento significativo de los conocimientos de los profesionales. El Hospital A obtuvo una puntuación media de 7,23 en el pre-test, aumentando a 11,33 en el post-test, con valor p ≤ 0,0001. El Hospital B obtuvo una puntuación de 6,07 en el pre-test, aumentando a 11,15 en el post-test, con valor p ≤ 0,0006. Conclusión: una intervención realizada demostró ser una estrategia eficaz, visto que os resultados previos demostraron un déficit significativo de conhecimento, y después de una intervención educativa, mostraron una mejoría na maioria dos itens avaliados em relação ao atendimento específico.

Intervención educativa basada en metodologías B-learning para mejorar las citologías cervicales: experiencias de enfermeras / Intervenção educacional através do B-learning para melhorar a citologia cervical: experiências de enfermeiras / Educational intervention through B-learning to improve cervical cytology: experiences of nurses

Resumen Objetivo analizar las experiencias de enfermeras en la toma de las citologías cervicales y otros factores organizacionales durante una intervención educativa asistida por metodologías B-learning. Método estudio cualitativo realizado en San Luis Potosí, México. Participaron 15 enfermeras. La recolección de datos se hizo a través de entrevistas semiestructuradas con base en una sistematización de experiencias. Para el análisis de la información se utilizó el programa Taguette y como referente teórico las metodologías B-learning. Resultados se identificaron debilidades en factores relacionados con la accesibilidad de las usuarias al servicio, insumos, infraestructura, bioseguridad, capacitación del personal de salud, entrega de resultados a las pacientes y conocimiento del programa por parte de las usuarias. Conclusiones e implicaciones para la práctica el cáncer cervical es un problema de salud pública. La citología cervical es la prueba de tamizaje más utilizada; sin embargo, existen limitantes en la calidad, por lo que se proponen acciones para mejorar los conocimientos y habilidades del personal de enfermería que tiene como función la toma. La intervención educativa fue efectiva para fomentar el aprendizaje integral sobre la toma de las citologías cervicales y permitió al personal de enfermería compartir sus experiencias.

Resumo Objetivo analisar as experiências das enfermeiras na realização de esfregaços cervicais e outros fatores organizacionais durante uma intervenção educacional assistida por metodologias de b-learning. Método estudo qualitativo realizado em San Luis Potosí, México. Participaram 15 enfermeiras. A coleta de dados foi feita por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas a partir de uma sistematização de experiências. Para a análise das informações, utilizou-se o programa Taguette e metodologias de b-learning como referencial teórico. Resultados foram identificadas fragilidades em fatores relacionados com a acessibilidade dos usuários ao serviço, insumos, infraestrutura, biossegurança, capacitação da equipe de saúde, entrega de resultados aos pacientes e conhecimento do programa pelos usuários. Conclusões e implicações para a prática o câncer do colo do útero é um problema de saúde pública. A citologia cervical é o teste de triagem mais utilizado; no entanto, existem limitações na qualidade, por isso são propostas ações para aprimorar os conhecimentos e habilidades das enfermeiras que estejam desempenhando essa função. A intervenção educacional foi eficaz para promover o aprendizado integral sobre a realização do esfregaço cervical e permitiu que as enfermeiras compartilhassem suas experiências.

Abstract Objective to analyze the nursing staff's experiences in taking cervical smears and other organizational factors during an educational intervention assisted by B-learning methodologies. Method a qualitative study was carried out in San Luis Potosí, Mexico, with 15 nurses. Data collection was done through semi-structured interviews based on a systematization of experiences. The Taguette program and B-learning methodologies as theoretical references were used to analyze the information. Results weaknesses were identified in factors related to the accessibility of users to the service, supplies, infrastructure, biosafety, training of health personnel, delivery of results to patients, and knowledge of the program by the users. Conclusions and implications for practice cervical cancer is a public health problem. Cervical cytology is the most widely used screening test; however, there are limitations in quality, so actions are proposed to improve the knowledge and skills of the nursing staff in their functions. The educational intervention effectively promoted comprehensive learning about taking cervical smears and allowed the nursing staff to share their experiences.

Development, and reliability and validity testing of a knowledge needs questionnaire of respiratory rehabilitation training for in-service healthcare workers / 中国康复理论与实践

ObjectiveTo develop a questionnaire on the knowledge needs of respiratory rehabilitation training for in-service healthcare workers, and test its reliability and validity. MethodsA theoretical framework was constructed based on the contents of the respiratory rehabilitation course modules of American Association of Cardiopulmonary Rehabilitation and American Association for Respiratory Care. The first draft of the questionnaire was prepared through literature searches and analyses, semi-structured interviews, and expert group discussions. The reliability and validity of the questionnaire was tested by interviewing 17 respiratory rehabilitation professionals and 16 respiratory rehabilitation experts by correspondence, and investigating 380 cases of in-service healthcare workers engaged in respiratory rehabilitation. ResultsThe knowledge needs questionnaire of respiratory rehabilitation training for in-service healthcare workers included progress in respiratory rehabilitation, physiological basis and diagnosis of chronic lung diseases, individualized assessment and management principles of chronic lung diseases, treatment of chronic lung diseases and guideline-recommended medications, oxygen therapy, exercise assessment and exercise prescription, tobacco addiction and cessation, nutritional assessment and weight management, psychological screening and intervention, self-management and health behavior promotion, and effectiveness assessment of respiratory rehabilitation, totaling eleven dimensions and 52 items. The total Cronbach's α was 0.921, the total folded half reliability was 0.904, the total retest reliability was 0.922, and the Cronbach's α of each dimension ranged from 0.909 to 0.953; the folded half reliabilities ranged from 0.882 to 0.924, and the retest reliabilities ranged from 0.908 to 0.950. The validity of the questionnaire's content was 0.902. In exploratory factor analysis, eleven metric factors were extracted, and their cumulative variance contribution rate was 75.324%. ConclusionThe questionnaire on the knowledge needs of respiratory rehabilitation training for in-service healthcare workers is reliable and valid, and can be used to assess the knowledge needs of healthcare workers participating in in-service training in respiratory rehabilitation.

Assessing Endoscopic Suture Performance of Gynecology and Obstetrics Residents Following Methodic Training / Avaliando a performance em sutura endoscópica de residentes de ginecologia e obstetrícia após treinamento metódico

Abstract Objective To evaluate the performance of residents in gynecology and obstetrics before and after practicing laparoscopic sutures, to establish when the training shows the best results, in addition to comparing whether being in different years of residency influences this progression. Methods A prospective cohort study involving 32 medical residents evaluated with a pretest to establish their previous knowledge in laparoscopic suture. This test consisted of knotting two wires, one made of polypropylene and the other of polyglactin, with a blocking sequence of five semi-knots. We set a 30-minute limit to complete the task. Then, the residents held four training meetings, focusing on suture, Gladiator rule, knot, and symmetries, in addition to executing blocking sequences. A second test to establish progress was performed. Results Regarding the time spent to make the stiches using polyglactin wire, a statistically significant time improvement (p< 0.01) was observed, with a 10.67-minute pretraining median (mean 12.24 minutes) and a 2.53-minute posttraining median (mean 3.25 minutes). Regarding the stitches with polypropylene wire, a statistically significant time improvement (p< 0.05) was also observed, with a 9.38-minute pretraining median (mean 15.43 minutes) and a 3.65-minute posttraining median (mean 4.54 minutes). A total of 64.2% of the residents had been able to make the knot with polypropylene previously. One hundred percent were able to complete the task in the posttest. Conclusion Model training using the Gladiator rule for laparoscopic suture improves the knotting time with statistically similar performance, regardless of the year of residency, after systematic training.

Resumo Objetivo Avaliar a performance de residentes em ginecologia e obstetrícia antes e depois de praticarem suturas laparoscópicas, com o intuito de estabelecer quando o treinamento mostra os melhores resultados, comparando se estar em diferentes da residência influencia essa progressão. Métodos Um estudo coorte prospectivo envolvendo 32 médicos residentes avaliados com um teste pré-treinamento para avaliar seus conhecimentos prévios em sutura laparoscópica. Esse teste consistia em atar nós em dois fios, um de polipropileno e o outro de poliglactina, com uma sequencia de bloqueio de cinco seminós. Definiu-se um limite de 30 minutos para se completar a tarefa. Depois, os residentes tiveram quatro reuniões de treinamento, focadas em sutura, técnica da Regra do Gladiador, nós e simetria, executando, ainda, uma sequência de pontos. Um segundo teste foi feito para avaliar o progresso. Resultados Com relação ao tempo para realizarem os pontos com fio de poliglactina, uma melhora de tempo estatisticamente significativa (p< 0.01) foi observada, com uma mediana de 10.67 minutos no pré-treinamento (média de 12.24 minutos) e uma mediana de 2.53 minutos no pós-treinamento (média de 3.25 minutos). Com relação ao fio de polipropileno, uma melhora de tempo estatisticamente significativa (p< 0.05) também foi observada, com uma mediana de pré-treinamento de 9.38 minutos (média de 15.43 minutos) e uma mediana de pós-treinamento de 3.65 minutos (média de 4.54 minutos). Um total de 64.2% dos residentes foram capazes de realizar os nós com polipropileno inicialmente. Cem por cento do residentes foram capazes de completar a tarefa no pós-teste. Conclusão O modelo de treino usando a técnica da Regra do Gladiador para sutura laparoscópica melhora o tempo de atar nós com uma performance estatisticamente similar, não havendo diferenças quanto ao ano da residência, após treinamento sistematizado.

Intervenção com policiais militares sobre violência contra o parceiro íntimo / Intervención con la policía sobre la violencia de parejas / Intervention with police officers about intimate partner violence

A importância do atendimento dos policiais em casos de violência contra o parceiro íntimo é inegável. O objetivo da presente pesquisa foi avaliar uma intervenção breve com policiais da cidade de Curitiba sobre a violência contra o parceiro íntimo. Participaram da pesquisa 134 policiais, divididos em grupos controle (n = 76) e intervenção (n = 58), e os últimos receberam quatro sessões sobre as definições de violência contra o parceiro íntimo, ciclo da violência e intervenção a crise. Todos os participantes responderam a questões sociodemográficas, à Escala de Percepção sobre o Apoio à Vítima de Violência Doméstica e ao Questionário de Crenças sobre a Violência Intrafamiliar. Os resultados apontam a ausência de mudanças significativas nos escores gerais dos instrumentos entre o pré e o pós-teste para ambos os grupos. Questões pontuais apresentaram melhoras significativas no instrumento de crenças. Pesquisas futuras devem verificar formas de intervenção efetivas com policiais no início da carreira policial.

The importance of the police in cases of intimate partner violence is undeniable. The objective of the present study was to evaluate a brief training for police officers of the city of Curitiba on intimate partner violence. A total of 134 police officers, divided into control (n = 76) and intervention (n = 58) groups, participated in the study. The latter underwent four sessions about definitions of intimate partner violence, the cycle of violence, and crisis intervention. All participants answered a sociodemographic questionnaire, the Perception Scale on Domestic Violence Victim Support, and the Questionnaire of Beliefs on Domestic Violence. The results indicate the absence of significant changes in the general scores of the instruments between pre- and post-test for both groups. Three questions presented significant improvements in the Questionnaire of Beliefs on Domestic Violence. Future research should continue to test effective forms of police trainings at the beginning of their careers.

La importancia de ayudar a los agentes de policía en casos de violencia de parejas es innegable. El objetivo de esta investigación fue evaluar una breve intervención con agentes de policía de Curitiba sobre la violencia de parejas. Participaron 134 policías, divididos en grupos control (n = 76) e intervención (n = 58), el último de los cuales recibió cuatro sesiones sobre las definiciones de violencia e intervención em crisis. Todos los participantes respondieron preguntas sociodemográficas, la Escala de Percepción sobre el Apoyo de la Víctima de Violencia Doméstica y el Cuestionario sobre Creencias en la Violencia Doméstica. Los resultados apuntan la ausencia de cambios significativos en las puntuaciones generales de los instrumentos entre las pruebas previas y posteriores para ambos grupos. Las preguntas puntuales mostraron mejoras significativas en el instrumento de creencias. La investigación futura debería buscar formas efectivas de intervención con los agentes de policía al principio de sus carreras policiales.

Avaliação do conhecimento dos profissionais de Enfermagem na prevenção da lesão por pressão na terapia intensiva / Evaluación del conocimiento de los profesionales de Enfermería en la prevención de lesiones por presión en cuidados intensivos / Evaluation of the knowledge of nursing professionals in the prevention of pressure ulcer in intensive care

RESUMO Objetivo analisar o conhecimento dos profissionais de Enfermagem sobre a avaliação, prevenção e classificação das lesões por pressão na terapia intensiva antes e após a realização de um treinamento. Método trata-se de um estudo comparativo, tipo antes e depois, transversal, com delineamento prospectivo, que utilizou o instrumento Teste de Conhecimento sobre Lesão por Pressão de Caliri-Pieper (TCLP CALIRI-PIEPER) aplicado antes e após a realização de um treinamento com 55 e 50 profissionais da Enfermagem, respectivamente. A média de acerto aceitável foi de acima de 90%. Resultados do total de 41 itens do instrumento, 14 (34%) não obtiveram pontuação média acima de 90% de acerto, sendo os técnicos de Enfermagem inseridos neste contingente. Evidenciou-se que o efeito do treinamento na amostra total obteve, em média, um acréscimo de 3,5 pontos no nível de conhecimento. A diferença média entre a pontuação obtida no pré e pós-teste foi estatisticamente significativa (p<0,001). Conclusões e implicações para a prática os participantes avaliados demonstraram níveis de conhecimento eficaz e baixa divergência entre as categorias, evidenciando que os profissionais estão capacitados e preparados, possuindo domínio nos fatores relacionados à avaliação, prevenção e classificação das lesões por pressão na terapia intensiva após a realização de um treinamento.

RESUMEN Objetivo analizar los conocimientos de los profesionales de Enfermería sobre la evaluación, prevención y clasificación de las lesiones por presión en cuidados intensivos antes y después de la realización de una formación. Método se trata de un estudio comparativo, antes y después, transversal con un diseño prospectivo que utilizó el instrumento Caliri-Pieper Pressure Injury Knowledge Test (CALIRI-PIEPER TCLP) aplicado antes y después del entrenamiento con 55 y 50 profesionales de Enfermería, respectivamente. La media aceptable de derecho a golpe fue superior al 90%. Resultados del total de 41 ítems del instrumento, 14 (34%) no obtuvieron un puntaje promedio superior al 90% de acierto, con los técnicos de Enfermería incluidos en este contingente. Se evidenció que el efecto formación en la muestra total obtuvo, en promedio, un incremento de 3,5 puntos en el nivel de conocimientos. La diferencia promedio entre las puntuaciones previas y posteriores a la prueba fue estadísticamente significativa (p <0,001). Conclusiones e implicaciones para la práctica los participantes evaluados demostraron niveles de conocimiento efectivo y baja divergencia entre las categorías, evidenciando que los profesionales están capacitados y preparados, teniendo dominio de los factores relacionados con la evaluación, prevención y clasificación de lesiones por presión en cuidados intensivos después del entrenamiento.

ABSTRACT Objective to analyze the knowledge of Nursing professionals on the assessment, prevention and classification of pressure ulcers in intensive care before and after a training course. Method this is a comparative, before-and-after, cross-sectional, prospective study that used the Caliri-Pieper Pressure Ulcer Knowledge Test (CALIRI-PIEPER PUKT) applied before and after training with 55 and 50 nursing professionals, respectively. The acceptable mean score was above 90%. Results of the total of 41 items of the instrument, 14 (34%) did not obtain an average score above 90% of correct answers, and the nursing technicians were included in this contingent. It was evident that the effect of the training on the total sample obtained, on average, a 3.5 point increase in the level of knowledge. The mean difference between the scores obtained in the pre- and post-test was statistically significant (p<0.001). Conclusions and implications for the practice the participants evaluated demonstrated effective levels of knowledge and low divergence between the categories, showing that the professionals are trained and prepared, having domain in the factors related to the evaluation, prevention and classification of pressure ulcers in intensive care after training.

Cine­picc: satisfaction and knowledge following a video and hands-on training on peripherally inserted central catheter

Introduction: This study assessed the knowledge and satisfaction of a nursing staff regarding peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) care before and after a combined training strategy consisting of a video and hands-on practice.Methods: A cross-sectional and prospective study with data collection held at a public university hospital from March 2018 to May 2018 and in March 2019. Participants answered a pre-test about PICC lines, watched a video on PICC care and maintenance, attended hands-on sessions, and answered a post-test.Results: A total of 520 professionals participated in the study, of which 87.4% were from the nursing staff. The pre-test was answered by 211 individuals and the post-test questions were answered by 203 people. The satisfaction research showed 97% of satisfied respondents.Conclusions: Our results indicate that a change from the traditional training model to an active educational approach reached more participants, representing an innovative pedagogical tool in the training of critical and reflexive professionals.

Application of nursing research group model in a training program for clinical nurses′scientific research ability / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective:To explore the practical effect of nursing research group model in a training program for clinical nurses′ scientific research ability.Methods:From August 2020 to July 2021, 30 clinical nurses from the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University were trained by case teaching mode through the construction of a complete nursing scientific research training course system with the nursing research group as the carrier. The scores of nursing scientific research ability of clinical nurses before and after the training were compared, and the evaluation of teaching effect and the output of scientific research results were analyzed.Results:After the training, the total scores of clinical nurses′ scientific research ability, problem discovery ability, literature reading ability, scientific research design ability, data processing ability, scientific research practice ability and thesis writing ability were 78.33 ± 7.48, 8.83 ± 1.42, 14.47 ± 1.22, 13.27 ± 1.36, 11.07 ± 1.60, 14.73 ± 1.28, 15.97 ± 1.35 respectively. The scores were significantly higher than those before the training (59.00 ± 7.44, 6.53 ± 1.22, 11.80 ± 1.37, 9.53 ± 1.31, 8.10 ± 1.37, 11.30 ± 1.34, 11.73 ± 1.46), and the differences were statistically significant ( t values were -52.80 - -21.14, all P<0.05). The proportion of clinical nurses who believed that the training with nursing research group as the carrier could improve learning attitude, enhance clinical comprehensive ability and promote professional development was ≥90%. After the training, 8 papers were published, 3 projects were approved and 2 patents were approved, which were significantly higher than those before the training (2, 1 and 0), and the total scientific research and innovation achievements increased by 333.33% (10/3) compared with those before the training. Conclusions:Scientific research training with nursing research group as the carrier can improve the scientific research ability of clinical nurses and improve their innovative thinking.

Construction of the evaluation system for the in-service training of "double-qualified" clinical nursing teachers / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective:To construct a scientific and objective evaluation system for the in-service training of "double-qualified" clinical nursing teachers.Methods:From August 2020 to March 2021, the framework was preliminarily constructed through literature analysis, and the evaluation system was constructed by Delphi method and analytic hierarchy process.Results:The authority coefficients of the two rounds of expert consultation are 0.82 and 0.81 respectively, and the overall coordination coefficients are 0.24 and 0.21 respectively. As a result, we construct the evaluation system for the in-service training of "double-qualified" clinical nursing teachers, included 8 first-level indicators, 39 second-level indicators and 39 groups of grading rules.Conclusions:The evaluation index system for the on-the-job training of "dual-teacher" clinical nursing teachers constructed in this study can provide a reference for the reform of the current "dual-teacher" clinical nursing teachers′ on-the-job training, and improve the quality of teacher training, and guarantee the quality of nursing teaching.

Impacto social del síndrome antifosfolípido: su incidencia en la calidad de vida de los pacientes / Social impact of antiphospholipid syndrome: its impact on the quality of life of patients

RESUMEN Introducción: el síndrome antifosfolípido es una enfermedad trombofílica, autoinmune, rara, todavía poco conocida por todos los profesionales de la salud, lo cual implica demora en el diagnóstico y en el tratamiento oportuno. Objetivo: exponer los factores de impacto social del síndrome antifosfolípido por su incidencia en la calidad de vida de los pacientes. Métodos: se realizó la revisión de la bibliografía a través del motor de búsqueda Google Académico con los descriptores: síndrome antifosfolípido, morbimortalidad, daño, impacto social, calidad de vida, en las bases de datos SciELO, Medline-Pubmed, Hinari. Resultados: la revisión se centra en cuatro subtemas: Ocurrencia del síndrome antifosfolípido en la morbimortalidad trombótica y obstétrica, La recurrencia de los eventos trombóticos y el daño crónico acumulado, El deterioro de la calidad de vida de los pacientes con síndrome antifosfolípido, e Importancia de la labor educativa en el impacto social del síndrome antifosfolípido. Los cambios en los estilos de vida para la corrección de los factores de riesgo que deben enfrentar estos pacientes, añaden restricciones a su vida diaria y el temor a las recurrencias y a la muerte, provocan alteraciones psicológicas adicionales que motivan atención especializada. Conclusiones: se hace necesario diseñar estrategias de salud a gran escala para la atención integral y multidisciplinaria de los pacientes con síndrome antifosfolípido, que incluyan capacitar a los profesionales de la salud y aplicar acciones educativas que involucren a las familias.

ABSTRACT Introduction: antiphospholipid syndrome is a rare, autoimmune, thrombophilic disease, still little known to all health professionals, which implies delay in diagnosis and timely treatment. Objective: to expose the factors of social impact of the antiphospholipid syndrome due to its incidence in the quality of life of the patients. Methods: the review of the bibliography was carried out through the Google Scholar search engine with the descriptors: antiphospholipid syndrome, morbidity and mortality, damage, social impact, quality of life, in the SciELO, Medline-Pubmed, and Hinari databases. Results: the review focuses on four subtopics: Occurrence of antiphospholipid syndrome in thrombotic and obstetric morbidity and mortality, Recurrence of thrombotic events and accumulated chronic damage, Impairment of quality of life in patients with antiphospholipid syndrome, and Importance of Educational work on the social impact of antiphospholipid syndrome. Changes in lifestyles to correct the risk factors that these patients must face, add restrictions to their daily life and the fear of recurrences and death, cause additional psychological alterations that motivate specialized care. Conclusions: it is necessary to design large-scale health strategies for the comprehensive and multidisciplinary care of patients with antiphospholipid syndrome, which include training health professionals and applying educational actions that involve families.

Intervenção pedagógica com simulação in situ ação com equipe de enfermagem no atendimento pré hospitalar fixo / Pedagogical Intervention with in situ simulation action with the nursing team in pre hospital care

Introdução: Lacunas na formação e diversidade de perfis profissionais de enfermagem que atuam no Sistema Único de Saúde podem causar iatrogenias de cuidado. Dada a importância de que se reveste o papel desempenhado por tais profissionais no cuidado em saúde, faz-se necessário explorar a contribuição de intervenção pedagógica, com simulação in situ, para a equipe de enfermagem que atua em unidades de atendimento pré-hospitalar fixa, uma vez que a simulação in situ possibilita aprendizagem participativa, inserida na realidade do trabalho, em um ambiente seguro. Objetivo: Avaliar o desenvolvimento de uma intervenção pedagógica com simulação in situ para a equipe de enfermagem que atua em unidade pré-hospitalar fixa. Teve como objetivos específicos: 1) Levantar as necessidades de aprendizagem dos profissionais de enfermagem; 2) Planejar as oficinas teórico-práticas e a oficina de simulação in situ, de acordo com as necessidades de aprendizagem dos profissionais de enfermagem; 3) Realizar o trabalho de campo por meio de aplicação da intervenção pedagógica (oficinas teórico-práticas e oficina de simulação in situ; 4) Analisar a aprendizagem dos profissionais de enfermagem nas oficinas que compõem a intervenção pedagógica. Método: Pesquisa aplicada, do tipo intervenção pedagógica, delineamento quase experimental para avaliação da aprendizagem dos profissionais de enfermagem, no contexto da atividade educativa. O estudo foi desenvolvido em unidade pré-hospitalar fixa do interior do estado de São Paulo, com a participação de 37 profissionais de enfermagem. O desenvolvimento da intervenção educativa ocorreu em três fases distintas: a primeira foi de natureza exploratória, caracterizada pela: a) aproximação do contexto do estudo, b) aprofundamento do conhecimento sobre o tema e c) planejamento da intervenção pedagógica; na segunda fase realizou-se o trabalho de campo e, na terceira fase, desenvolveu-se a análise dos dados relativos à aprendizagem dos participantes com pré e pós-testes nas oficinas 1, 2 e 3, para aferir o desempenho e Objective Structured Clinical Examination para avaliar o desempenho cognitivo, procedimental e atitudinal, durante a simulação in situ. Resultados: com a participação ativa da equipe de enfermagem, durante a fase de exploração foram identificadas as principais necessidades de aprendizagem: atuação da equipe no atendimento em Parada Cardiorrespiratória causada por Infarto Agudo do Miocárdio, com interpretação de Eletrocardiograma e trabalho em equipe. Tal informação permitiu aos pesquisadores avançar para a etapa de planejamento, na qual a intervenção pedagógica foi desenvolvida com quatro oficinas teórico práticas sobre: 1) dor torácica, 2) interpretação de Eletrocardiograma, 3) atendimento ao paciente em Parada Cardiorrespiratória e 4) trabalho em equipe; ainda nessa fase a simulação in situ foi desenvolvida e avaliada em teste piloto. Na fase de trabalho de campo, as oficinas foram realizadas com intervalo de 15 dias entre cada uma. As atividades eram iniciadas com apresentação da proposta, aplicação do pré-teste (oficinas 1, 2 e 3), desenvolvimento da atividade e pós-teste (oficinas 1, 2 e 3). Na oficina 4 (trabalho em equipe) não foi aplicado pós-teste, contou com avaliação aberta sobre a satisfação dos participantes com as oficinas. Três meses depois do término da série de oficinas, realizou-se a simulação in situ, seguindo-se as etapas de pré-briefing, desenvolvimento do cenário e debriefing. Para a segunda análise da aprendizagem com a simulação in situ, utilizou-se o Objective Structured Clinical Examination. A comparação do desempenho dos participantes, nos momentos pré e pós, para as oficinas 1, 2, e 3 indicou diferença significante (p<0,001). Em relação ao desempenho dos participantes na simulação in situ, medida com o Objective Structured Clinical Examination, dentre os 25 itens, 18 deles tiveram execuções adequadas superiores a 80%. Discussão: ações educativas para e com profissionais da enfermagem devem ser desenvolvidas em um processo dinâmico e participativo. Treinamentos regulares favorecem o reconhecimento rápido de sinais e sintomas de Parada Cardiorrespiratória para iniciar a Reanimação Cardiopulmonar corretamente e aumentar as chances de sucesso no atendimento ao paciente. A realização da simulação in situ, no mesmo local de trabalho e com as mesmas equipes que atuam na unidade, permite avaliar, melhorar o desempenho e a comunicação da equipe, aumentando as chances de benefícios se comparado com treinamento em centros de simulação. Conclusão: o desenvolvimento de intervenção pedagógica, com metodologias ativas e simulação in situ, contribuiu para a aprendizagem da equipe de enfermagem. Ao final do estudo, reafirma-se que ações educativas no ambiente de trabalho podem favorecer a qualificação da equipe de saúde, pois permitiu associar a aprendizagem das oficinas e da simulação in situ com as vivências do cotidiano do atendimento na unidade de saúde

Introduction: Gaps in training and the diversity of professional backgrounds that work to the Brazilian Health System can cause iatrogenic care. Given the importance of the role played by such professionals in health care, it is necessary to explore the contribution of a pedagogical intervention with in situ simulation for the nursing team that works in pre-hospital care units, since that in situ simulation enables a participatory learning, accordingly with the reality of daily work, in a safe environment. Aims: This study sought to evaluate the development of a pedagogical intervention with in situ simulation for the nursing team working in a pre-hospital unit. The specific objectives were: 1) To survey the learning needs of nursing professionals; 2) Plan the theoretical-practical workshops and the in situ simulation workshop according to the learning needs of nursing professionals; 3) Carry out field work through the application of pedagogical intervention (theoretical-practical workshops and in situ simulation workshop; 4) Analyze the learning of nursing professionals who participated in the pedagogical intervention. Method: Applied research, of the pedagogical intervention type, a quasi-experimental design to assess the learning of nursing professionals in the context of educational activity. The study was carried out in a pre-hospital unit in a city in the interior of the state of São Paulo, Brazil, with the participation of 37 nursing professionals. The development of the educational intervention took place in three distinct phases: the first it was exploratory in nature, characterized by: a) approximation of the study context, b) deepening of knowledge on the subject and c) planning of pedagogical intervention; in the second phase, field work was carried out; and, in the third phase, data analysis was developed, that is, the learning of participants with pre and posttests in workshops 1, 2 and 3 to assess performance and Objective Structured Clinical Examination on assessing cognitive, procedural performance and attitudinal during the in situ simulation. Results: with the active participation of the nursing team, during the exploration phase, the main learning needs were identified: the team's performance in the care of cardio respiratory arrest caused by Acute Myocardial Infarction, including the interpretation of Electrocardiogram and teamwork. This information allowed the researchers to advance to the planning stage in which the pedagogical intervention was developed with four theoretical-practical workshops on: 1) chest pain, 2) electrocardiogram interpretation, 3) patient care in cardiac arrest and 4) teamwork; still at this stage, the in situ simulation was developed and evaluated in a pilot test. In the fieldwork phase, the workshops were held with an interval of 15 days between each one. The activities started with the presentation of the proposal, application of the pre-test (workshops 1, 2 and 3), development of the activity and post-test (workshops 1, 2 and 3). In workshop 4 (teamwork) an open assessment of the participants' satisfaction with the workshops was applied. Three months after the end of the series of workshops, the in situ simulation was carried out, followed by the pre-briefing, scenario development and debriefing steps. For the second analysis of the learning of the participants with the in situ simulation, the Objective Structured Clinical Examination was used. The comparison of the performance of the participants, in the moments before and after for the workshops 1, 2, and 3 indicated a significant difference (p<0.001). Regarding the performance of the participants in the in situ simulation measured with the Objective Structured Clinical Examination, among the 25 items, 18 of them had adequate performances greater than 80%. Discussion: Educational actions for and with nursing professionals must be developed in a dynamic and participatory process. Regular training favors the rapid recognition of signs and symptoms of cardio respiratory arrest to start cardiopulmonary resuscitation correctly and increase the chances of successful patient care. Carrying out the in situ simulation in the same workplace and with the same teams that work in the unit allows evaluating and improving the team's performance and communication, increasing the chances of benefits when compared to training in simulation centers. Conclusion: the development of a pedagogical intervention with active methodologies and in situ simulation contributed to the learning of the nursing team. At the end of the study, we reaffirm that educational actions in the work environment can favor the qualification of the health team, as it allowed to associate the learning of the workshops and the in situ simulation with the daily experiences of care at the health unit

Atuação do psicólogo no Núcleo de Apoio a Saúde da Família: uma experiência em um programa de residência multiprofissional / The practice of the psychologist in the Health Family Support Nucleus: an experience in a multiprofessional residency program

INTRODUÇÃO: A residência é uma modalidade de pós-graduação que se caracteriza pelo treinamento em serviço, tendo como base a aprendizagem pela prática cotidiana. Programas de residência multiprofissional objetivam capacitar profissionais para o exercício qualificado na Atenção Básica de Saúde, a porta de entrada principal do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS), por meio de metodologias ativas, trabalho em equipe e cuidado humanizado. OBJETIVO: Relatar a experiência e a inserção do psicólogo, enquanto residente, em um programa de residência multiprofissional em Saúde da Família. MÉTODO: Foi realizado o relato de experiência de uma profissional da psicologia enquanto residente do Programa de Residência em Saúde da Família. A presente experiência ocorreu entre março de 2018 e março de 2020 e as seguintes atividades foram descritas: (a) matriciamento, (b) acolhimentos e atendimento individuais, (c) realização de grupos, (d) educação em saúde, (e) consultas compartilhadas e (f) visitas domiciliares. RESULTADOS: Pode-se afirmar que o processo de formação de profissionais em saúde pública constitui um desafio a gestores, educadores e trabalhadores envolvidos neste processo. Dificuldades em relação ao estímulo simultâneo de habilidades profissionais, interpessoais e humanísticas, bem como senso crítico sobre responsabilidade social são comuns. Ainda assim, a proposta de programas residência é uma oportunidade significativa de aprendizado e contato com outras áreas de saúde. CONCLUSÃO: Diversas limitações puderam ser identificadas ao longo das atividades cotidianas da residência, tal como falta de conhecimento dos profissionais sobre a estratégia de saúde da família e o papel da residência multiprofissional no serviço de saúde.

INTRODUCTION: The residency is a post-graduate modality characterized by in-service training based on learning by daily practice. Multiprofessional residency programs aim to train professionals for qualified exercise in Primary Health Care, the main gateway to the Unified Health System (SUS), through active methodologies, teamwork, and humanized care. OBJECTIVE: To report the experience and the insertion of the psychologist, as a resident, in a multi-professional residency program in Family Health. METHOD: The experience report of a psychology professional was carried out as a resident of the Family Health Residency Program. The present experience took place between March 2018 and March 2020, and the following activities were described: (a) matrix support, (b) Psychological care attendance, (c) groups, (d) health education, (e) consultations, and (f) home visits. RESULTS: It can be said that the process of training public health professionals is a challenge for managers, educators, and workers involved in this process. Difficulties regarding the simultaneous stimulation of professional, interpersonal, and humanistic skills, as well as a critical sense of social responsibility, are common. Even so, the proposal for residency programs is a significant opportunity for learning and contact with other health areas. CONCLUSION: Several limitations could be identified during the daily activities of the residence, such as the lack of knowledge of professionals about the family health strategy and the role of the multi-professional residence in the health service.

Formação profissional em Práticas Integrativas e Complementares: o sentido atribuído por trabalhadores da Atenção Primária à Saúde / Professional Training in Integrative and Complementary Practices: the meanings attributed by Primary Health Care workers

Resumo O objetivo deste artigo é compreender os sentidos atribuídos por trabalhadores da Atenção Primária à Saúde ao processo de formação profissional nas Práticas Integrativas e Complementares. Estudo descritivo, exploratório, com abordagem qualitativa, com 20 profissionais, de 14 unidades de saúde de três municípios na Região Metropolitana de Goiânia. Os dados foram coletados com entrevistas semiestruturadas, transcritas e analisadas por meio da Análise de Conteúdo Temática. Da análise, emergiu a categoria temática sobre as trajetórias de formação nas Práticas Integrativas e Complementares. Nela discute-se que a formação se dá por capacitações proporcionadas pela gestão federal, municipal ou conselhos de categoria profissional, via educação à distância, semipresencial ou presencial. Além disso, são realizadas formações em instituições privadas de ensino custeadas pelos próprios profissionais. Também, fontes informais de informações são usadas para obtenção de conhecimento (internet, livros e revistas). Os resultados revelam, por um lado, a formação insuficiente e difusa, com limitação na oferta e na qualidade, por outro, a necessidade de ampliação de estratégias educacionais que melhorem a formação dos profissionais de saúde para a oferta das diferentes Práticas Integrativas e Complementares na Atenção Primária à Saúde.

Abstract Objective: To understand the meanings attributed by Primary Health Care workers to the professional training process in Integrative and Complementary Practices. Method: Descriptive, exploratory study with a qualitative approach, carried out with 20 professionals from 14 health units in three municipalities in the Metropolitan Region of Goiânia, state of Goiás, Brazil. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews, transcribed and analyzed using the thematic content analysis. Results: Based on the analysis, the thematic category about training trajectories in Integrative and Complementary Practices emerged. It discusses that the training takes place through training provided by federal and municipal management or professional councils, via distance, semi-presential learning or in-person training. Furthermore, training courses are held at private educational institutions funded by the professionals themselves. Additionally, informal sources of information are used to obtain knowledge (internet, books and magazines). Conclusion: The results show, on the one hand, insufficient and diffuse training, with limited supply and quality and, on the other hand, the need to increase educational strategies to improve the training of health professionals aiming at providing different Integrative and Complementary Practices in the Primary Health Care.

A Residência Multiprofissional em Saúde: expectativas de ingressantes e percepções de egressos / The Multiprofessional Residency in Health: newcomers' expectations and students' perceptions

Resumo A Residência Multiprofissional em Saúde é uma modalidade de treinamento em serviço que tem como base a aprendizagem de atributos técnicos e relacionais pela prática cotidiana, com vistas ao aperfeiçoamento do SUS. O presente estudo objetiva conhecer expectativas de residentes multiprofissionais e compará-las com as percepções de egressos. Utilizou-se o método qualitativo e, para a produção dos dados, foi feita entrevista não diretiva com 12 ingressantes e um grupo focal com sete egressos. Os relatos dos ingressantes geraram uma categoria geral "expectativas", de onde foram desveladas quatro subcategorias: pessoais, profissionais, relacionais, estruturais / organizativas. As percepções produzidas nos egressos evidenciaram que expectativas quanto ao conhecimento teórico, trabalho multiprofissional, relação com residentes da RMS, com profissionais e preceptores foram aquém do esperado. Já as expectativas quanto ao preparo e autoconfiança profissional, conhecimento prático, inserção no mercado de trabalho, carga horária e infraestrutura do hospital foram atingidas no transcorrer dos dois anos desse tipo de pós-graduação. O conhecimento das expectativas e percepções de residentes permite uma avaliação da Residência e pode oportunizar melhorias no planejamento e execução do ensino, e, por conseguinte, na qualidade do programa.

Abstract The Multiprofessional Residency in Health is a type of in-service training that is based on learning technical and relational attributes through daily practice, with a view to improving the SUS. This study aims to understand the expectations of multiprofessional residents and compare them with the perceptions of graduates. The qualitative method was used and, for data production, a non-directive interview was conducted with 12 freshmen and a focus group with seven graduates. The newcomers' reports generated a general category "expectations", from which four subcategories were unveiled: personal, professional, relational, structural / organizational. The perceptions produced by the graduates showed that expectations regarding theoretical knowledge, multidisciplinary work, relationship with residents of the MRH, with professionals and tutors were below expectations. Expectations regarding professional preparation and self-confidence, practical knowledge, insertion in the labor market, workload and hospital infrastructure were met over the course of two years of this type of postgraduate degree. Knowledge of residents' expectations and perceptions allows for an assessment of the Residency and can provide opportunities for improvements in the planning and execution of teaching, and, consequently, in the quality of the program.

Avaliação do impacto de uma intervenção educacional em Pneumonia Associada à Ventilação Mecânica / Evaluación del impacto de una intervención educativa en Neumonía Asociada a Ventilación Mecánica / Assessing the impact of an educational intervention on ventilator-associated pneumonia

RESUMO A Pneumonia Associada à Ventilação Mecânica consiste na afecção do parênquima pulmonar em pacientes ventilados artificialmente. Considerada um problema de saúde pública, ela é prevenível através de boas práticas baseadas em evidências. Objetivamos evidenciar a eficácia de uma capacitação em Pneumonia Associada à Ventilação Mecânica com utilização de pré e pós-testes como ferramenta avaliativa da fixação do conteúdo abordado. Estudo transversal, exploratório e quantitativo, conduzido em um hospital público da Região do Vale dos Sinos (RS) em dezembro de 2019. A amostra foi constituída por profissionais de saúde e acadêmicos em estágio supervisionado que frequentaram capacitações desenvolvidas com recursos audiovisuais e rodas de conversa, excluindo-se aqueles que não preencheram os questionários nas fases pré e/ou pós-teste e compostos por cinco questões sobre o tubo endotraqueal, altura cabeceira, aspiração de secreções e fatores de risco e prevenção da Pneumonia Associada à Ventilação Mecânica. Foram utilizados procedimentos de estatística descritiva, o teste t de Student pareado e construção de Boxplot das notas dos participantes para análise dos dados. O estudo foi composto por 45 participantes com média de idade 34,5±8,9 anos, em sua maioria mulheres (75,6%) e técnicos de enfermagem (60%). Evidenciou-se que, a média global de acertos nas questões do pré-teste foi de 28 (62,2%) e no pós-teste 38 (84,4%), expressando aumento de 35,7% no aproveitamento dos participantes após a capacitação. No entanto, esse acréscimo não foi estatisticamente significativo (p=0,103). Apesar dos potenciais benefícios da intervenção educacional aplicada, os resultados obtidos não foram significantes, contrariando a hipótese do estudo.

RESUMEN La Neumonía Asociada a Ventilación Mecánica es la afección del parénquima pulmonar que se desarrolla en pacientes con ventilación artificial. Aunque es un problema de salud pública, se puede prevenirlo con buenas prácticas basadas en la evidencia. Nuestro objetivo es demostrar la efectividad de una capacitación en Neumonía Asociada a Ventilación Mecánica con el uso de pruebas antes y después como una herramienta evaluativa para retener los contenidos abordados. Este es un estudio transversal, exploratorio y cuantitativo, realizado en un hospital público de la región de Vale dos Sinos (Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil) en diciembre de 2019. La muestra estuvo conformada por profesionales de la salud y académicos en prácticas supervisadas que asistieron a capacitaciones desarrolladas con recursos audiovisuales y círculos de conversación, y fueron excluidos aquellos que no completaron los cuestionarios en las fases pre- y/o posprueba que contenían cinco preguntas sobre el tubo endotraqueal, la altura de la cabecera, la aspiración de secreciones y los factores de riesgo y prevención de Neumonía Asociada a Ventilación Mecánica. Se utilizó como procedimientos estadísticos descriptivos la Prueba t de Student emparejada y la construcción de Boxplot de las notas de los participantes para el análisis de los datos. El estudio contó con 45 participantes de edad media de 34,5±8,9 años, en su mayoría mujeres (75,6%) y técnicos de enfermería (60%). El promedio global de aciertos en las preguntas de la preprueba fue de 28 (62,2%); y en la posprueba, de 38 (84,4%), mostrando un incremento del 35,7% en el rendimiento de los participantes después de la capacitación. Pero este aumento no fue estadísticamente significativo (p=0,103). A pesar de los potenciales beneficios de la intervención educativa aplicada, los resultados obtenidos no fueron significativos contrariamente a la hipótesis del estudio.

ABSTRACT Ventilator-associated pneumonia is a condition of the lung parenchyma in artificially ventilated patients. Considered a public health problem, it is preventable through good evidence-based practices. This study aimed to highlight the efficacy of training in ventilator-associated pneumonia with the use of pre- and post-tests as tools to evaluate retention of the content addressed. This is a cross-sectional, exploratory and quantitative study conducted in a public hospital in the Sinos River Valley/RS in December 2019. The sample consisted of healthcare providers and supervised interns who attended training developed with audiovisual resources and rounds of talks, excluding those who failed to complete the questionnaires in the pre- and/or post-test stages composed of five questions about the endotracheal tube, headboard angle, aspiration of secretions and risk factors for and prevention of ventilator-associated pneumonia. Descriptive statistical procedures, paired Student's t-test and boxplot construction of the participants' scores were used for data analysis. The study was composed of 45 participants with a mean age of 34.5±8.9 years, mostly women (75.6%) and nursing technicians (60%). We observed that the global average of correct answers in the pre-test questions was 28 (62.2%) and 38 (84.4%) in the post-test, expressing a 35.7% increase in correct answers after training, but this increase was statistically insignificant (p=0.103). Despite the potential benefits of the applied educational intervention, the results obtained were insignificant, contrary to our hypothesis.

The current status of faculty development in general practice residency training bases in Hebei province / 中华全科医师杂志

Objective:To analyze the current status of faculty development in general practice residency training bases in Hebei Province.Methods:A questionnaire survey with deep interview was conducted among 79 faculty from 24 general practice residency training bases in Hebei Province during November to December 2020.Results:Among 79 participants, 21 were males (26.58%) and 58 were females (73.42%), 41 (51.90%) of whom were aged 31-40 years; 44 (55.70%) were general practitioners, and 35 (44.30%) were specialists. There were no significant differences in sex, age, education background, professional title, between faculty with general practice background and specialist background (all P>0.05); while there were significant differences in job-transfer training, teaching training for general practice, the training form, teaching method grasped, understanding the work contents of general practice, the view and prospect for general practice between general practitioner faculty and specialist faculty (all P<0.05). The score of ward round teaching of general practice faculty was significantly higher than that of specialist faculty ( P<0.05) The interview showed that all faculty members were willing to teach, most of them had increased work pressure after engagement in teaching, and there was lack of incentive policies for teaching in some bases. Conclusions:The current status of faculty development in the general practice residency training base in Hebei Province is basically satisfactory, but there is lack of general practice training for faculty with specialist background; the professional identity of general practitioner need to be enhanced, and their status and treatment need to be improved.

Faculty perceptions and applications of the in-service training programs of the Association of Philippine Medical Colleges

@#<p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Objectives.</strong> The Association of Philippine Medical Colleges (APMC) responded to the global call for transformative learning by conducting a series of Faculty In-service Training. This study was commissioned to determine faculty trainees' perceptions of the program in terms of relevance, comprehensiveness, and quality. It also described their applications of the program in their delivery of instruction, assessment, organization, and management skills.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Methods.</strong> This is a sequential explanatory mixed-method research. The quantitative phase refers to the analysis of the rating scale accomplished by participants as feedback. The qualitative phase includes analysis of focus group discussion results and actual course syllabi used by selected participants, including medical schools' documents. Both data were integrated using a combination of descriptive statistics, measures of central tendency and dispersion, as well as joint displays.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Results.</strong> APMC conducted six in-service trainings from 2015 to 2018. Themes focused on medical teachers' roles as instructional designers, facilitators, assessors of learning, and as leaders and managers. Respondents perceived the programs as most relevant, comprehensive, and interesting. The syllabi, instructional resources, and assessment instruments and practices were consistent with the standards of the Commission on Higher Education. Medical teachers showed that they use innovative teaching and assessment strategies, and are dealing with medical education's continuous challenges.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Conclusion.</strong> Faculty participants perceived the APMC in-service training programs most favorably for capacitating them to enhance their teaching skills and inculcate the culture of quality in medical schools. APMC's training also reflects the organization's commitment to social accountability.</p>

Assessment of core and functional competencies of technical personnel of the Center for Health Development Calabarzon, Philippines

Objective@#To assess the competency levels of the technical staff of the Center for Health Development Calabarzon (CHD 4A) to inform the development of a human resource management plan. @*Methods@#A cross-sectional assessment design to determine the CHD 4A technical staff's competency level was utilized. The team from the College of Public Health, University of the Philippines Manila invited all the CHD 4A technical staff to complete a self-assessment using the Learning and Development Needs Assessment Tool (LDNA) (version 3-45), rating their perceived competency and the level of importance to their functions on core and functional competencies stipulated in the Department of Health Compendium of Competency Standards. Gaps were identified by comparing perceived competency levels with a predetermined standard for each agency's salary grade or position. @*Results@#All 67 technical staff took part in the assessment. Entry- and senior-level professionals had minimal deviations from predetermined standards, with gaps in quality service focus and teamwork for the former and planning and political savvy for the latter. In contrast, mid-career professionals had larger gaps in magnitude and number than entry and senior-level staff – the largest being on results orientation – reflective of newly-promoted staff's adjustment period. Of note, these gaps were based on the prevailing competency standards in force at the time of assessment in 2015. Findings may need to be revisited when the agency updates the core and functional competency standards. @*Conclusion@#The participants perceived core and functional competencies as important, with the level of perceived importance increasing as the salary bracket increases. Core competency gaps were widest in integrity and quality service focus. Simultaneously, results orientation, and planning and organizing were the functional competencies that registered the widest gap and prioritized. Training needs assessments should be conducted in times of change to ensure an organization's training programs' relevance and to develop peak-level employee performance.

Effect of supervision and education on community health workers performance in the field of primary health care

Background: Effective supervision strategies help to address the challenges unique to community health workers (CHWs) or Behvarz and improve poor practices. Current research is comparing situation of two supervisors group on performance of CHWs in Lahijan city.Methods: This study was done through a quasi-experimental method in which with census it was considered through pre and post-test after education, then the statistical society was divided through systematic random sampling method and was supervised by two supervisor groups (health care providers and headquarters experts) and their situation were compared using the standard performance checklist in 10 primary healthcare fields for a four month period.Results: Education section showed that 120 CHWs of statistical society, 56 CHWs of capability (in pre-test) answered 70% of questions correctly and in post-test 83 CHWs have answered to 70% of questions correctly and totally it shows 34% of enhancement. Result of in performance section showed that 63% CHWs under supervision of health care providers could have performance higher than 70% in 10 fields. Also result showed that 73% CHWs supervised by headquarter experts could have performance higher than 70% in 10 fields.Conclusions: The effect of the education and supervision on the performance increased although with little difference in the two groups of observers. It can be concluded that the only field that is fully specialized after the implementation of Health Reform Plan is the field of pregnant mothers who provide services to this highly specialized group through midwives.

Caça palavras como estratégia educacional para a capacitação da equipe de enfermagem no cuidado com anticoagulantes orais em pacientes internados: estudo de validação / Word Hunt as an educational strategy for training the nursing team in the care of oral anticoagulants in hospitalized patients: a validation study

Introdução: Os anticoagulantes orais são medicamentos utilizados para manter os níveis adequados da coagulação do sangue, prevenindo assim a ocorrência de eventos tromboembólicos. São amplamente utilizados nas doenças cardiovasculares, como a fibrilação atrial e doenças valvulares. O manejo desses medicamentos, em sua grande maioria, como no caso da Varfarina Sódica, exigem um cuidado rigoroso, isto devido a uma janela terapêutica estreita entre a anticoagulação (que pode levar à ocorrência de hemorragias) e a trombose (que tem como uma de suas consequências o tromboembolismo pulmonar). Objetivo: Elaborar e validar um caça palavras como tecnologia educacional para uso em capacitação profissional sobre anticoagulantes orais em serviço da equipe de Enfermagem. Método: Trata-se de estudo do tipo metodológico e com abordagem qualitativa visando atender à elaboração e validação de um caça palavras como tecnologia educacional para uso em treinamento sobre anticoagulantes orais em serviço da equipe de Enfermagem. Resultados: A descrição e as características do ACO foram baseadas no medicamento mais recomendado pelas diretrizes brasileiras e mundiais de Anticoagulantes: Varfarina Sódica e estruturado a partir da vivência da autora na administração deste medicamento. O nome do personagem ACO foi baseado na abreviatura do anticoagulante oral e o nome Naco foi acrescido da letra "N" a fim de representar novo anticoagulante oral. Simboliza as principais caraterísticas desta medicação com foco na administração do anticoagulante oral pela equipe de enfermagem. Conclusão: A proposta de criação de instrumentos pretende contribuir e auxiliar na construção e desenvolvimento da equipe de enfermagem na administração de anticoagulantes orais em pacientes internados, possibilitando a aquisição de novas competências profissionais, habilidades práticas, trabalho em equipe e análise de pontos de melhoria, no que diz respeito ao treinamento de serviço e processo educativo

Introduction: Oral anticoagulants are drugs used to maintain adequate blood clotting levels, thus preventing the occurrence of thromboembolic events. They are widely used in cardiovascular diseases, such as atrial fibrillation and valvular diseases. The management of these drugs, in the great majority, as in the case of Sodium Warfarin, requires strict care, this due to a narrow therapeutic window between anticoagulation (which can lead to the occurrence of hemorrhages) and thrombosis (which has as one of pulmonary thromboembolism). Objective: To develop and validate a word search puzzle as an educational technology for use in professional training on oral anticoagulants in service of the Nursing team. Method: This is a methodological study with a qualitative approach aiming to meet the development and validation of a word search puzzle as an educational technology for use in training on oral anticoagulants in service of the Nursing team. Results: The description and characteristics of the ACO were based on the medication most recommended by the Brazilian and worldwide guidelines for Anticoagulants: Sodium Warfarin and structured based on the author's experience in administering this medication. The name of the character ACO was based on the abbreviation of the oral anticoagulant and the name Naco was added to the letter "N" in order to represent a new oral anticoagulant. It symbolizes the main characteristics of this medication with a focus on the administration of oral anticoagulants by the nursing team. Conclusion: The proposal to create instruments aims to contribute and assist in the construction and development of the nursing team in the administration of oral anticoagulants in hospitalized patients, enabling the acquisition of new professional skills, practical skills, teamwork and analysis of points for improvement, with regard to service training and the educational process