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Objective:To evaluate the efficacy and safety of intradermal injection of botulinum toxin A (BTX-A) in the treatment of erythematotelangiectatic rosacea.Methods:From January 2019 to December 2020, 30 patients with erythematotelangiectatic rosacea were treated in the Department of Dermatology at Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University. There were 26 females and 4 males, the age range from 23 to 42 years, with the average (30.9±5.7) years. Patients were randomly divided into two groups and given intradermal injection of botulinum toxin A. In detail, 0.25 U and 0.5 U was injected at each point in the low and high concentration group of BTX-A. The clinician erythema assessment (CEA) scores were recorded before treatment and at 2, 4, 8 and 12 weeks after treatment. The standard grading system scores for rosacea were recorded before treatment and at 12 weeks after treatment.Results:Both treatments could significantly reduce CEA scores, but the declined degree was more significant ( P<0.05), the onset time was shorter and the duration of efficacy was longer in the high concentration group. The scores of flushing, persistent erythema, burning sensation, stinging sensation and the total score of the standard grading system for rosacea after treatment in both two groups were significantly lower than those before treatment (high concentration group: t=5.00, 5.93, 4.10, 2.74, 12.37; low concentration group: t=6.17, 4.12, 2.87, 2.81, 7.88; P<0.05), and the improvement in high concentration group was significantly more than that in low concentration group ( t=2.02, 2.31, 2.15, 2.56, P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the overall effective rate between the two treatments ( P>0.05). Conclusions:Intradermal injection of BTX-A is safe and effective in the treatment of rosacea. Compared with the low concentration group, the efficacy is better, the onset time is shorter and the duration of efficacy is longer in the high concentration group.
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Objective To establish an experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) model in female C57BL / 6 mice aged 6-8 weeks and investigate its disease phenotype so as to build a better animal model of multiple sclerosis (MS) . Methods The EAE model was established in 50 female C57BL / 6 mice through intradermal injection of myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein 35-55 peptide. We assessed the disease progression daily according to a 15-point score for 90 days, and further observed the brain lesions in terms of pathology. Results There were three courses of disease in the EAE model: chronic course (3 mice), relapse and remission course (7 mice) and monophasic course (11 mice) . Interestingly, we identified some mice (28 mice) had changes in coat color, mental and motor activity, as well as inflammatory demyelinating lesions in the brain tissue although their neurological functions were scored as 0 point. Conclusion The EAE model in C57BL / 6 female mice shows disease phenotype similar to multiple sclerosis and can be used as a good animal model.
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Objective To explore the effect of intradermal injection of glutathione and tranexamic acid in the treatment of chloasma.Methods From July 2016 to May 2018,96 patients with chloasma admitted to the dermatology department of the Central Hospital of Shengli Oil Field were selected and randomly divided into control group and observation group,with 48 cases in each group.The macular color and area,curative effect(basic cure,obvious effect,improvement,ineffective),adverse reactions (acupuncture reaction,recurrence after treatment,gastrointestinal tract reaction,oral ulcer and menstrual quantity reduction) were observed.Results After treatment,both two groups showed significant improvement in chloasma color score and chloasma area (t =9.258,10.774,all P ＜ 0.05;t =11.673,12.66,all P ＜ 0.05).After treatment,the color score and area of chloasma in the observation group were (1.13 ± 0.91) points,(1.62 ± 1.26) cm2,respectively,which were significantly lower than those in the control group[(0.78 ± 0.62) points,(0.80 ± 0.83) cm2,t =2.132,3.641,all P ＜ 0.05].The total effective rate of the observation group was 91.67％,which was significantly higher than 62.50％ of the control group(x2 =11.558,P ＜ 0.05).Both two groups experienced needle sickness during treatment.After treatment,the gastrointestinal tract reaction,oral ulcer and the influence of menstruation occurred in the observation group.However,differences in adverse reaction between the two groups were not significant (all P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion The combination of tranexamic acid and glutathione has significant effect on reducing the color of patients' chloasma and reducing the area of patients' chloasma.In terms of treatment effect,the combined injection group is significantly superior to the conventional treatment group,and the combined injection group has a certain safety.
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Rabies vaccine has gradually evolved from the birth of nerve tissue vaccine to cell vaccine, and vaccination time has been simplified from the initial implementation of 14-21 needles to current 4-5 needles. Four types of vaccination procedures are recommended by WHO for rabies pre and post-exposure prophylaxis: two types of intradermal (ID) multipoint injection and two types of intramuscular (IM) injection. The most commonly used vaccination procedures are the 5-dose regimen (" 1-1-1-1-1" regimen i. e. Essen regimen) and 4-dose regimen (" 2-1-1" regimen i. e. Zagreb regimen). Vaccination according to the above vaccination procedures recommended by WHO could effectively prevent human rabies. The vaccination procedures of rabies vaccine approved in China are Essen regimen and Zagreb regimen.
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Objective To evaluate the effects of seven different skin interventions in the result of penicillin skin test by network Meta-analysis. Methods A systematic search of PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, EBSCO, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database, China National Knowledge Infrastructure and Wanfang Database from construction to July 2017 was carried out. Control trials examining the effects of skin interventions on the false positive rate of penicillin skin test were included. Methodological quality of included studies was assessed according to the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions 5.1.0.All data was screened,extracted and reviewed by 2 researchers independently and analyzed by WinBUGS, R and Stata. Results Totally 18 trials involving 25 077 patients were included.The results of network Meta-analysis showed the statistically significant difference in favor of saline, 0.5% glutaral and iodine-containing disinfector when compared to alcohol (P<0.05). However,there was no difference in effects between other different skin interventions on the false positive rate (P>0.05). Probability ranking showed that there was a great possibility for saline, direct injection, 0.5% glutaral and iodine-containing disinfector in the reduction of false positive rate. Conclusions Saline, 0.5% glutaral and iodine-containing disinfector were superior to other skin interventions in reducing false positive rate of penicillin skin test.
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Objective To explore the psychological intervention combined with intracapsular injection of kidney fat in the treatment of nephropathy clinical analysis, looking for effective treatment.Methods 140 patients with nephropathy were enrolled in our hospital from March 2014 to September 2016.Patients were randomly divided into study group(n=70) and control group(n=70) according to the international character table method.Group of patients with a single renal fat capsule drug injection therapy, the study group to be combined with psychological intervention + kidney fat intracapsular injection of drug treatment, the treatment cycle after the end of two groups of patients compared with 24 hours of urine protein quantification, urine microalbumin;The incidence of adverse events in the two groups of patients was compared between the two groups of patients with emotional status(SAS, SDS scale).Results The levels of urinary albumin in the study group were(139.75±20.04) μg/min, and the 24h urine protein level was(1.43±0.59) g/24h significantly lower than the control group(189.74±19.54) μg / min,(4.77±2.14) g / 24h(P<0.05).The incidence of adverse reactions in the study group was 4.29%, which was lower than that of the control group(7.14%).However, there was no significant difference between the two groups.The self-rating scale of the study group(32.35±2.19)(38.65±3.54) points were lower than the control group(55.97±2.14) points,(54.21±7.89) points(P<0.05).Conclusion Psychological intervention combined with intracapsular injection of renal capsule can significantly improve the renal function of patients, can interfere with the patient's bad mood, and high security, health care workers can be promoted.
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[Objective]Using intradermal injection in the clip ridge holes and pain points combined oral drug cured remaining neuralgia after herpes zoster to observe the clinical curative effect.[Methods] 76 patients diagnosed with remaining neuralgia after herpes zoster in traces of chest and back were randomly divided into 40 cases of observation group and 36 cases of control group,the observation group was to use intradermal injection in the clip ridge holes and pain points combined oral drug,which was gabapentin cobalt and methyl amine pills.The control group was to use oral gabapentin cobalt and methyl amine pills.Observing two groups before and after the treatment with blurred vision score(VAS) and quality of sleep score(QS) was to comprehensively evaluate the efficacy of treatment.[Result] The VAS score during the period of the two groups after treatment was significantly decreased and the sleep quality score was significantly increased;After treatment,the VAS score of observation group was significantly lower than the VAS score of control group in the same period,but the sleep quality score of observation group was significantly higher than the sleep quality score of control group in the same period.The observation group was significantly higher than the control group in clinical effectiveness.[Conclusion] It had good clinical effect to use intradermal injection in the clip ridge holes and pain points combined oral drug to cure remaining neuralgia after herpes zoster in traces of chest and back.It could quickly relieve pain symptoms and improve sleep quality,so it was a kind of effective method for the treatment of remaining neuralgia after herpes zoster.
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Objective To evaluate the diffuse characteristics of two types of botulinum toxin type A (BOTOX and CBTX A) in the forehead and the effect of intradermal (ID) and subcutanous (SC) infections on their diffusion.Methods Healthy volunteers (n =20) were recruited to receive a 0.05 ml (2 U) injection of botulinum toxin type A at four forehead sites [both sides of medial forehead (SC) and temporal forehead (ID)],one side for BOTOX and another for CBTX-A.On day 14,the Minors' iodine starch test was performed and photographs were taken for calculating the area and dimensions of anhydrotic area.Results The areas of anhidrosis ID were significantly greater with CBTX-A (180±15) mm2 than that of BOTOX (144±14) mm2.The same conditions occurred in vertical dimensions (14.4±1.1) mm vs.(15.8±1.0) mm and horizontal dimensions (10.8±0.6) mm vs.(12.5±0.7) mm.There was significant variation between the both for diffuseness in the two anhidrotic halos observed after ID injection (P＜0.05).The areas of anhidrosis by SC were significantly greater with CBTX-A (207±17) mm2 than that in BOTOX (183±18) mm2.The mean horizontal dimension was greater with CBTX-A by SC (13.2±0.6) mm than that of BOTOX by SC (12.2±0.7) mm,but not statistically significant (P =0.06).The mean horizontal dimension in BOTOX was significantly greater with SC than that with ID (P＜0.05).There was no statistically significant difference between SC and ID administration of CBTX-A.Conclusions BOTOX diffuses less than CBTX-A.ID injection technique may result in less diffusion than SC.
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No abstract available.
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Hemangioma , Injections, Intralesional , Propranolol , TriamcinoloneABSTRACT
INTRODUCCIÓN: en la medida en que la meta de la erradicación de la poliomielitis llega a su concreción, la necesidad de contar con una vacuna de polio inactivada asequible y apropiada para el uso en países en vías de desarrollo se ha convertido en una meta para la Organización Mundial de la Salud. OBJETIVO: la evaluación de la reactogenicidad de la vacuna de polio inactivada. MÉTODOS: se realizó un estudio multicéntrico con diseño experimental, correspondiente a Fase I-II de un ensayo clínico controlado, aleatorio y a simple ciegas, en 471 lactantes sanos de ambos sexos nacidos entre los meses de julio y agosto de 2006 en Camagüey, cuyos padres brindaron su consentimiento por escrito y que cumplieron con los criterios de inclusión establecidos. Los niños recibieron a las 6, 10 y 14 semanas del nacimiento, tres dosis de vacuna de polio inactivada del Instituto de Sueros de Dinamarca, autorizada para su uso en esta investigación por las autoridades regulatorias nacionales. Al grupo de estudio A, se le administró por la vía intradérmica la dosis reducida de 0,1 mL de vacuna de polio inactivada en la cara anterolateral del muslo izquierdo utilizando el inyector sin aguja Biojector® 2000. El grupo control B recibió la dosis usual de 0,5 mL por la vía intramuscular profunda, administrada en el mismo sitio descrito antes con una jeringuilla prellenada. Se observaron los eventos adversos durante la primera hora, 24, 48, y 72 h subsiguientes, así como a los 7 y 30 d de administrada la vacuna. La reactogenicidad se evaluó inicialmente por el pediatra del área y luego por el médico de familia mediante la observación de los eventos adversos. RESULTADOS: 79,6 por ciento del total de niños asignados al grupo A y 75 por ciento del grupo B finalizaron el protocolo de investigación. No se detectaron eventos adversos moderados o serios. Predominaron las reacciones adversas locales menores, sobre todo induración, dolor y enrojecimiento en el sitio de la inyección. CONCLUSIÓN: el ensayo demostró la seguridad de la vacuna de polio inactivada para su uso por vía intramuscular y reconoció la seguridad del uso de la vía intradérmica y del inyector sin agujas.
INTRODUCTION: as the goal of poliomyelitis eradication is about to be accomplished, the need for an affordable and appropriate inactivated poliovirus vaccine (IPV) for use in developing countries has become a target for WHO. OBJECTIVE: to evaluate the reactogenicity of the inactivated poliovirus vaccine. METHOD: an experimental-type multicenter study was conducted, as part of a Phase I-II controlled clinical randomized and blinded assay, in 471 healthy infants of both sexes born in July and August 2006 in Camagüey province. The parents of the children who met the inclusion criteria gave their consent in writing. The children received three doses of the inactivated poliovirus vaccine at 6, 10 and 14 weeks after birth. This vaccine came form the Institute of Sera in Denmark and had been approved for use in this assay by the Cuban regularoty authorities, Low 0.1 ml inactivated poliovirus vaccine dose was intradermally administered to the study group A in the anterolateral side of the left thigh using the needle-free injector called Biojector ® 2000. The usual 0.5 mL dose was intramuscularly administered on the same site using a pre-filled syringe. The adverse events were observed during the first hour, 24, 48, and 72 hours after the immunization, as well as 7 and 30 days afterwards. The pediatrician in charge of the health area evaluated the reactogenicity at first and then the family physician was in charge of observing the adverse events in the remaining period. RESULTS: the 79.6 percent of children in group A and 75 percent in group B completed the research protocol. Mild local adverse reactions prevailed, mainly induration, pain and redness at the injection site. CONCLUSION: the clinical trial proved the safety of the inactivated poliovirus vaccine for intramuscular administration, and also showed the safety of the intradermal route of administration and of the needle-free injector.
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Humans , Infant , Poliomyelitis/prevention & control , Poliovirus Vaccine, Inactivated/administration & dosage , Poliovirus Vaccine, Inactivated/immunology , Injections, Intradermal/methods , Single-Blind MethodABSTRACT
Eccrine hidrocystomas are benign tumors of the sweat glands that arise from cystic dilatation of the excretory sweat ducts. They may be solitary or multiple. Multiple lesions are observed as small papulonodules having prominent surfaces with a translucent intense bluish dome, localized predominantly to periorbital and malar areas. The diagnosis of multiple eccrine hidrocystomas is clinical, and surgery is the treatment of choice in the case of a single lesion. However, the treatment of multiple eccrine hidrocystomas is challenging and the outcome of conventional therapies varies. Botulinum toxin type-A (BTA) causes chemodenervation at the cholinergic nerve terminal of eccrine glands; accordingly our patient was given intradermal injections of BTA and the result was successful. Herein, we report a case of multiple eccrine hidrocystomas treated successfully with BTA; we believe that BTA can be a novel treatment option for this condition.
Subject(s)
Humans , Botulinum Toxins , Dilatation , Hidrocystoma , Injections, Intradermal , Nerve Block , Sweat , Sweat GlandsABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Influenza is the representative respiratory infectious disease causing significant high morbidity. Vaccination is the most effective method to prevent influenza. To cope with both unstable supply and increasing demand of influenza vaccine with more flexibility, we studied the safety and immunogenicity of half dose intradermal injection of influenza vaccine in healthy adults compared with full dose intramuscular injection method. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We conducted a randomized, open-label trial in healthy adults of age 15 to 64 years. Subjects were randomly assigned to receive either a recommended dose of influenza vaccine (Fluarix(R), Injection Prefilled Syringe, GlaxoSmithKline, hemagglutinin antigen (HA) 15 microgram) via intramuscular route (designated as control group) or a half recommended dose (HA 7.5 microgram) via intradermal route (designated as experimental group). Blood samplings were done before and more than 28 days after vaccination. We measured the changes in hemagglutination-inhibition (HAI) antibody titers and compared geometric mean titers, seroconversion rates, seroconversion factors and seroprotection rates of each group. Local and systemic adverse events were assessed after vaccination. RESULTS: In antibody titer against all three antigens (A/H1N1, A/H3N2, B) was more evident in intramuscular injection group but intradermal group with half dose showed acceptable immunogenicity fulfilling criteria for Committee for Proprietary Medicinal Products (CPMP). Likewise, seroprotection rates for all three viral strains showed no significant difference between the two groups. Although local reactions were significantly more frequent and lengthy in intradermal group than in intramuscular group, the reactions were mild and transient. CONCLUSION: Compared with intramuscular injection of full dose influenza vaccine, intradermal injection of half dose resulted in comparable immunogenicity in healthy adults. Intradermal administration of half dose influenza vaccine could be a practical alternative plan to expand the supplies of influenza vaccine, but further studies will be needed in high risk groups.
Subject(s)
Adult , Humans , Communicable Diseases , Equipment and Supplies , Hemagglutinins , Influenza Vaccines , Influenza, Human , Injections, Intradermal , Injections, Intramuscular , Pliability , Syringes , VaccinationABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Influenza is the representative respiratory infectious disease causing significant high morbidity. Vaccination is the most effective method to prevent influenza. To cope with both unstable supply and increasing demand of influenza vaccine with more flexibility, we studied the safety and immunogenicity of half dose intradermal injection of influenza vaccine in healthy adults compared with full dose intramuscular injection method. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We conducted a randomized, open-label trial in healthy adults of age 15 to 64 years. Subjects were randomly assigned to receive either a recommended dose of influenza vaccine (Fluarix(R), Injection Prefilled Syringe, GlaxoSmithKline, hemagglutinin antigen (HA) 15 microgram) via intramuscular route (designated as control group) or a half recommended dose (HA 7.5 microgram) via intradermal route (designated as experimental group). Blood samplings were done before and more than 28 days after vaccination. We measured the changes in hemagglutination-inhibition (HAI) antibody titers and compared geometric mean titers, seroconversion rates, seroconversion factors and seroprotection rates of each group. Local and systemic adverse events were assessed after vaccination. RESULTS: In antibody titer against all three antigens (A/H1N1, A/H3N2, B) was more evident in intramuscular injection group but intradermal group with half dose showed acceptable immunogenicity fulfilling criteria for Committee for Proprietary Medicinal Products (CPMP). Likewise, seroprotection rates for all three viral strains showed no significant difference between the two groups. Although local reactions were significantly more frequent and lengthy in intradermal group than in intramuscular group, the reactions were mild and transient. CONCLUSION: Compared with intramuscular injection of full dose influenza vaccine, intradermal injection of half dose resulted in comparable immunogenicity in healthy adults. Intradermal administration of half dose influenza vaccine could be a practical alternative plan to expand the supplies of influenza vaccine, but further studies will be needed in high risk groups.
Subject(s)
Adult , Humans , Communicable Diseases , Equipment and Supplies , Hemagglutinins , Influenza Vaccines , Influenza, Human , Injections, Intradermal , Injections, Intramuscular , Pliability , Syringes , VaccinationABSTRACT
PURPOSE: Idiopathic pruritus ani is a common and embarrassing proctological condition which can be very difficult to treat. In this study, we documented our results with methylene blue intra-dermal injection in patients with intractable idiopathic pruritus ani. METHODS: 5-ml 1% methylene blue, 100-mg hydrocortisone, and 15-ml 1% lidocaine were injected into the perianal skin of 21 patients with idiopathic pruritus ani which had proved refractory to standard care. Clinical follow-up was undertaken. RESULTS: After one injection of the above solution, 15 (71.4%) of the patients were rendered symptom free. Repeat injection in the initial non- responders ultimately rendered another four. 19 (total: 90.5 %) of the patrents symptom free. Morbidity was 0%. CONCLUSION: This study has shown that intra-dermal methylene blue injection is a safe, simple, and efficient method of treating intractable, idiopathic pruritus ani.
Subject(s)
Humans , Follow-Up Studies , Hydrocortisone , Lidocaine , Methylene Blue , Pruritus Ani , Pruritus , SkinABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: An epidural blockade has been considered a standard therapy for the management of pain in acute herpes zoster. However, it has many complications. Recently, we experienced good analgesia with a combination therapy including intravenous lidocaine infusion and intradermal injection of a local anesthetic and steroid in acute herpes zoster. Therefore, this study was performed to evaluate the necessity of an epidural steroid injection, added in a combination therapy, on the pain control of acute herpes zoster. METHODS: This retrospective study was based on the analysis of data of medical records. Forty-three patients suffering severe acute herpes zoster pain, were randomly divided into two groups. Intravenous lidocaine infusion (5 mg/kg) and an intradermal injection of lidocaine and a steroid into the wound were used twice a week in the Lidocaine group (n = 23), and in the Epidural group (n = 20), an epidural block with 0.5% lidocaine 6-8 ml with triamcinolone 30 mg was added once a week in addition to the above. We compared the efficacy of pain control using a pain relief scale (PRS) at 4 weeks after the initial visit to the pain clinic. RESULTS: Both groups were similarly managed in pain control. There were no statistical differences comparing the PRS between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that an epidural steroid injection, added in a combination therapy such as an intravenous lidocaine infusion and an intradermal injection of a local anesthetic and steroid, has no more advantages for the management of pain in acute herpes zoster. A further prospective study is recommended to compare the efficacy of pain control and the incidence of postherpetic neuralgia in a large number of acute herpes zoster patients.
Subject(s)
Humans , Analgesia , Herpes Zoster , Incidence , Injections, Intradermal , Lidocaine , Medical Records , Neuralgia, Postherpetic , Pain Clinics , Pain Management , Retrospective Studies , Triamcinolone , Wounds and InjuriesABSTRACT
0.05).Inside experimental area,pain scores were decreased in both intradermal 0.25% lidocaine and saline injection group(P