ABSTRACT
Objective: To study the content difference of multi-index components between Yao medicine Young Leonurus heterophyllus (YLH) and Leonurus japonicus, and evaluate the quality with the content. Methods: A high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method was established for the simultaneous content determination of five chemical constituents of chlorogenic acid, leonurine hydrochloride, rutin, hyperin and isoquercitrin in Yao medicine YLH and Leonurus japonicus. SPSS 25.0 statistical software was used to conduct paired samples t-test and one-way ANOVA to infer the content differences among the samples. Principal component analysis (PCA) was used to evaluate the quality of medicinal materials. Results: T-test results of paired samples of Yao medicine YLH and Leonurus japonicus showed that there was significant difference in rutin content among the five chemical constituents, with no significant difference in other constituents. The results of one-way ANOVA analysis showed that there were significant differences in five chemical constituents of Yao medicine YLH and Leonurus japonicus from different habitats (P < 0.01). The results of principal component analysis showed that the higher scores of Leonurus japonicus from different habitats were from Nanning and Yulin, with the lowest in Shangsi County. Conclusion: There is a significant difference between the content of Yao medicine YLH and Leonurus japonicus. The quality of medicinal materials from Nanning and Yulin is better. The results provide data support for the comparison of the content between two kinds of Leonurus heterophyllus and Leonurus japonicus from different habitats.
ABSTRACT
Objective: Crude Leonuri Fructus (CLF), the fruits of the Leonurus japonicus Houtt, and processed Leonuri Fructus (PLF) by stir-baking as the important Chinese herbal medicines, have been used in China and other Asian countries for thousands of years. The objective of this research is to reveal the difference between CLF and PLF. Methods: The sensory technologies of the colorimetry, sensitive and validated HPLC-ELSD and GC combined with flame ionization detector (GC-FID) were employed to discriminate CLF and its processed product PLF. The color parameters of the samples were determined by colorimetric instrument CR-410. Moreover, the content of stachydrine and six fatty acids were determined by HPLC and GC. Subsequently, analysis of variance (ANOVA), principal components analysis (PCA), hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA), and Kendall's correlation test were performed for data analysis. Results: The CLF and PLF were divided into two categories by PCA and HCA in terms of their component content and color. The results distinctly demonstrated significant changes in color and the content of indicative components between CLF and PLF. Conclusion: The study revealed that HPLC, GC, and colorimetric method in combination with chemometric method could be used as comprehensive quality evaluation for CLF and PLF.
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Objective: To establish a simple and effective method for the isolation of leonurine from Leonurus japonicus by high speed countercurrent chromatography (HSCCC). Methods: The extraction conditions of leonurine were optimized by one-factor experimental design. After comparing several different solvent systems, the two phase system of ethyl acetate-n-butanol-water (3∶2∶5) was finally chosen as operating solvent of HSCCC for the separation of leonurine, in which the lower phase was determined as the mobile phase and the upper phase as stationary. The detection of eluates was performed with an ultraviolet detector at 277 nm. The rotation speed was adjusted at 850 r/min, and the flow rate was 2.2 mL/min. Results: Leonurine was successively isolated from n-butanol fraction by HSCCC, and the above established method was also successively applied to the crude extact of L. japonicus. Finally, 68 mg of leonurine with purity about 96.2% could be obtained from 2.48 g crude extract of L. japonicus in a single injection. Conclusion: The described approaches actively promote efficient preparation strategy to obtain high purity of leonurine.
ABSTRACT
Quality control of Chinese materia medica (CMM), a key factor in restricting the development of modernization of CMM, has always been a hot issue to traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) circles, our society, and the public. At present, determination of chemical components is the main means for quality control of vast majority of CMM, but many components lack not only specificity, but also biological activities. This is bound to greatly reduce the value of quality standard of CMM, which makes it difficult to reflect the true quality of CMM. Quality marker (Q-Marker) of CMM is a new concept that brings forward higher requirement to quality control of CMM. Based on the basic conditions of Q-Marker, Leonurus japonicus and Penthorum chinense have been investigated systematically. This paper introduces theIR research processes from five aspects: effective material basis, specificity of the isolated components, chemical structure and bioactivity, measurability, and fingerprint spectrum.
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Objective: To study the low polar chemical constituents from Leonurus japonicus. Methods: The chemical constituents were isolated and purified by various chromatographic methods including column chromatography over silica, Sephadex LH-20, and Rp C18 columns. Their structures were identified by physicochemical properties and spectroscopic analysis. Results: Six aliphatic compounds were isolated from the EtOAc extracts of L. japonicus, including two allenes: (-)-nonadeca-5,6-dienoic acid methyl ester (1) and methyl octadeca-5,6-dienoate (2); four saturated aliphatic compounds: heneicosanoic acid (3), arachidic acid (4), heptacosanoic acid (5), and methyl myristate (6). Conclusion: All the compounds are isolated from L. japonicus for the first time. Compound 1 is a new one named leonuallenote A, while compound 2 is first reported from the plants of Leonurus L.
ABSTRACT
Objective To establish the quality standard for Chanhou Zhuyu Capsules.Methods Leonurus Japonicus and Ligusticum chuanxiong in Chanhou Zhuyu Capsules were identified by TLC,and the content of stachydrine hydrochloride was determined by TLC Scanning.Results The quality identification by TLC was specific.Stachydrine hydrochloride had a good linearity in the range of 4.0～12.0 ?g,r=0.999 7,and the average recovery was 99.87 %,RSD=1.67 %.Conclusion The methods of identification and content determination are simple,reliable and reproducible.They can be used effectively for the quality control of Chanhou Zhuyu Capsules.