ABSTRACT
Los biomateriales son todos aquellos materiales aceptados por el organismo y pueden ser obtenidos de manera autóloga o sintética lo que dependería del tipo de utilidad que proporcionará el profesional odontólogo. La utilización de estos materiales se ha ido incrementando en la medida en que se ven favorecidos los pacientes en el proceso de reparación de los tejidos. El plasma rico en plaquetas (PRP) es el contenido de plaquetas en forma de sobrenadante tras la centrifugación de sangre anti coagulada; constituye la principal fuente de actividad mitógena en el plasma sanguíneo y actúa como vehículo portador de factores de crecimiento y proteínas importantes en la biología ósea. Los factores de crecimiento son un conjunto de sustancias de naturaleza peptídica cuya función es la comunicación intercelular a nivel molecular. Regulan la migración, la proliferación, la diferenciación, el metabolismo y la apoptosis celular, y estimulan el aumento del tamaño celular al incrementar la síntesis proteica de las células sobre las que actúan. Este trabajo tiene por objetivo revisar los biomateriales utilizados en cirugía bucal en la literatura actualizada en los sitios web como Mendeley, Cicco, Science Direct, Wiley, Springer Open, Scielo, BVS, Google Académico, PubMed.
Biomaterials are all those materials accepted by the organism and can be obtained autologously or synthetically, which would depend on the type of use provided by the professional dentist. The use of these materials has increased as patients are favored in the process of repairing tissues. Platelet rich plasma (PRP) is the content of platelets in the form of a supernatant after centrifugation of anti-coagulated blood; it constitutes the main source of mitogenic activity in blood plasma and acts as a carrier of growth factors and important proteins in bone biology. Growth factors are a set of substances of a peptide nature whose function is intercellular communication at the molecular level. They regulate cell migration, proliferation, differentiation, metabolism and apoptosis, stimulate an increase of cell size by increasing the protein synthesis of the cells on which they act. This work aims to review the biomaterials used in oral surgery in updated literature on websites such as Mendeley, Cicco, Science Direct, wiley, springer open, Scielo, BVS, Google Academico, PubMed.
ABSTRACT
RESUMEN: Entre los concentrados plaquetarios de segunda generación, ha suscitado creciente interés, el uso de fibrina rica en plaquetas y leucocitos inyectable (i-PRF); que se obtiene a partir de la centrifugación inmediata de sangre venosa del propio individuo, y que aporta concentraciones elevadas de factor de crecimiento vascular endotelial, factor de crecimiento transformante beta, y factor de crecimiento derivado de plaquetas, entre otras proteínas que inician y coordinan el proceso reparativo. Su nula citotoxicidad y consistencia líquida abren un nuevo campo de estudio y experimentación en el ámbito de la Cirugía Oral y de la Periodoncia, como sustancia para irrigar. El objetivo de este manuscrito fue reportar el uso del i-PRF como irrigador subgingival en el tratamiento periodontal convencional de defectos infra óseos con 6 meses de seguimiento. En ambos casos, se verificó un efecto positivo de irrigación, lo que abre el debate al uso de productos farmacéuticos tradicionales como la clorhexidina versus preparados autólogos sin efectos adversos reportados a la fecha.
ABSTRACT: Second generation platelet concentrates include the use of injectable platelet-rich fibrin (i-PRF), which has generated increasing interest because it is derived from immediate centrifugation of venous blood from the patients themselves. It provides high concentrations of vascular endothelial growth factor, transforming growth factor beta, and platelet-derived growth factor, among other proteins that initiate and coordinate the healing process. Its null cytotoxicity and liquid consistency has opened new research lines in the field of oral surgery and periodontics, as an irrigation substance. The aim of this manuscript was to report the use of i-PRF, as a subgingival irrigator in conventional periodontal treatment of infra osseous defects, with six months follow-up. In both cases, a positive effect of irrigation was confirmed. These findings, open the debate as regards the use of traditional pharmaceutical products (such as chlorhexidine), versus autonomous preparations without adverse effects reported to date.
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Aged, 80 and over , Periodontics/methods , Regeneration/drug effects , Bone Substitutes/therapeutic use , Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins/pharmacology , Platelet-Rich Fibrin , Biocompatible Materials/pharmacology , Bone Matrix , Radiography, Dental , Dental Occlusion , Therapeutic Irrigation/methodsABSTRACT
Objective To evaluate the early effect of leukocyte-and platelet-rich fibrin (L-PRF)on tendon-bone healing in rabbits' extra-articular bone tunnel.Methods Thirty healthy New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into an experimental group and a control group,each of 15.The semitendinosus tendon harvested from the hind leg of each rabbit was prepared as free autografts.Each autograft was implanted into the bone tunnel created at ipsilateral proximal tibial metaphysis.The experimental group was added with autologous peripheral blood-derived L-PRF,while the control group did not add anything.Speciments from each group were harvested at 4,8 and 12 weeks after operation.The morphological changes were observed and evaluated at each time point.The fibroblasts on the tendon-bone interface were counted and analyzed under the high magnification microscope.Results The number of fibroblasts between the tendon and bone in the experimental group was significantly higher than that of the control group at each time point (P＜0.05).And the connection between tendon and bone was closer and the collagen fibers were more regular in the experimental group than the control group at each time point.Sharpey's-like fibers which marked the early healing of the tendon to bone,were observed at 4th week in the experimental group,while they were observed at 8th week in the control group.As the healing time extended,Sharpey's like fibers continue to increase in both groups and significant differences were observed in the histological morphology (Buark grades)between the two groups (P＜0.05).Conclusion Autologous peripheral blood-derived L-PRF can promote early healing of autologous tendon to bone in the extra-articular bone tunnel of model rabbit.