Papanicolaou y citología líquida en diagnóstico de cáncer de cérvix: Hospital Civil de Maracay. 2012 / Papanicolaou and liquid in cytology cervical cancer diagnosis of Civil Hospital Maracay. 2012.

Con el objetivo de comparar la citología ginecológica de Base Líquida, con la citología convencional de Papanicolaou, en la detección de lesiones precancerosas y cancerosas de cuello uterino, se realizó un estudio de Tamizaje, en 144 pacientes aparentemente sanas que se presentaron a las consultas de ITS e Higiene del Adulto del Ambulatorio Efraín Abad, Maracay, durante el primer semestre de 2012, practicándoseles una encuesta y una muestra vaginal para cada prueba. Por Papanicolaou resultaron negativas 111 muestras y 33 insatisfactorias. De la citología líquida, 135 fueron negativas y detectados 9 casos (6,25%), de lesiones Intraepiteliales de Bajo Grado, cinco de ellas negativas con Papanicolaou y cuatro insatisfactorias. Los resultados refieren, la asociación de la promiscuidad sexual de la paciente y/o su pareja, sin protección como principal causa de cáncer de cérvix. El empleo de esta nueva técnica citológica, es un avance científico, que permitirá detectar todos los casos existentes, por su alta sensibilidad y especificidad en comparación con la de Papanicolaou, por lo tanto implementarla será una estrategia de promoción, prevención y atención en el programa nacional de cáncer de cuello uterino.

In order to compare the liquid-based gynecologic cytology with conventional cytology Pap in detecting precancerous lesions and cervical cancer, a study of screening in 144 apparently healthy patients who presented to queries STIs and Health outpatient adult Ephraim Abbot, Leeds, during the first half of 2012, a survey and practiced vaginal sample for each test. For Pap 111 samples were negative and 33 unsatisfactory. Of liquid-based cytology, 135 were negative and detected 9 cases (6.25%) of lowgrade intraepithelial lesions, including five negative and four unsatisfactory Pap. The results relate the association of sexual promiscuity of the patient and / or their partners, unprotected as the main cause of cervical cancer. Using this new technique cytological, is a scientific breakthrough that will identify all existing cases, by its high sensitivity and specificity compared with Pap therefore will implement a strategy of promotion, prevention and care program national cervical Cancer.

Diagnosis of Amniotic Fluid Embolism with Blood Samples by Liquid-based Cy-tology Technique / 法医学杂志

Objective To establish the diagnosis of am niotic fluid em bolismwith blood sam ples by liq-uid-based cytology technique and to study the validity of m ethod. Methods The blood sam ples were collected from patients who suffered from am niotic fluid em bolism. The com ponents of am niotic fluid in blood samples were examined with blood smear by two direct smear methods(supernatant smear, sedi-ment smear) and two liquid-based cytology methods(autom atic smear, manual smear). The positive de-tection rate of each m ethod was calculated. Results The positive detection rates of two liquid-based cy-tology methods(84.6% and 92.3%, respectively) were m uch higher than those of two direct methods(53.8% and 61.5%, respectively). Conclusion The liquid-based cytology technique could im prove the positive detection rate of am niotic fluid em bolism.

Detección de virus papiloma humano (HPV) a partir de muestras celulares de cuello uterino en base líquida: Correlación con la inmunorreactividad de la proteína p16INK4a / Detection of human papilloma virus (HPV) in liquid-based cervical samples: Correlation with protein p16INK4a expression

La citología del cuello uterino en base líquida mejora la calidad de la muestra y el material residual podría ser utilizado para realizar pruebas complementarias, como la detección del virus papiloma humano (HPV) y estudio inmunocitoquímico de biomarcadores. El propósito de este estudio fue correlacionar la presencia de HPV y la inmunoexpresión de p16INK4a en las muestras citológicas en base líquida para examinar la utilidad de estas nuevas herramientas en la detección de cáncer de cuello uterino. Las pacientes incluidas (n=67) presentaban una citología anormal o patología cervical previa. La detección y genotipificación de HPV se realizó con PCR-SPF10/LiPA (INNOLiPA Extra Amp) y para la inmunodetección de p16INK4a se utilizó el anticuerpo clon E6H4. La citología convencional proporcionó los mismos hallazgos citológicos que la citología en base líquida. La prevalencia general del HPV fue de 43,3% (29/67). El HPV16 fue el tipo viral mas frecuente (31,03%) y el 48,3% de los casos presentó infección múltiple. En el 35,8% de las muestras cervicales se detectó inmunoexpresión de la p16INK4a y ésta fue significativamente (p<0,020) asociada a la presencia de HPV. Estos resultados apoyan la evidencia que la implementación de nuevas tecnologías en la rutina diaria del laboratorio contribuye significativamente en la detección precoz del cáncer de cuello uterino y en el aporte de datos importantes para facilitar en el manejo clínico adecuado de la paciente. La detección de HPV combinada con la p16INK4a podría ser utilizado en la evaluación de pacientes con mayor riesgo a desarrollar lesiones cervicales significativas.

The liquid-based cervical cytology improves the quality of the sample and the residual sample could be used efficiently to carry out complementary tests, such as the detection of HPV DNA and the immunocytochemical biomarkers study. The purpose of this study was to correlate the presence of HPV and immunoexpression of p16INK4a in liquid-based cervical samples to examine the utility of these new tools in the detection of cervical cancer. The included patients (n=67) presented an abnormal cytology or previous cervical pathology. The HPV detection and genotyping were carried out with PCR-SPF10/LiPA (INNOLiPA Extra Amp) and for p16INK4a immunodetection was used antibody clone E6H4. The conventional cytology provided the same cytologic interpretations that those of liquid-based cytology. The overall HPV prevalence was 43.3% (29/67). HPV16 was the most frequent viral type (31.03%) and 48.3% of the cases were infected with multiple HPV types. p16INK4a immunoexpression was observed in 35.8% of liquid-based cytological samples and this was significantly (p < 0.020) associated to the HPV presence. These results support the evidence that the implementation of new technologies in the daily routine of the laboratory, contribute significantly in the early detection of cervical cancer and provide important data to help in the patient’s efficient management. The combined use of HPV detection and p16INK4a expression could be used for evaluation of patients with more risk to develop significant cervical lesions.

Liquid-base cytology: a new method for oestral cycle study in wistar's rats

OBJECTIVES: The objective of this study was the standardization of a collection technique and staining in liquid-base that allies the pratical and cytological wealth, making possible a larger reproductibility and microscopic easiness. METHODS: Female wistar rats (n=20) were submitted to the daily vaginal collection in saline and fastened washed (ether/alcohol) and stained in suspension with a solution of Evans Blue 0.025%. The sample was pondered by centrifugation and observed under lens of 40 x. RESULTS: The stained smears allowed clear differentiation of the phases of hormonal cycle (diestrus, proestrus, estrus and metestrus); besides the differentiation of the cellular types in relation to its maturation degree having as parameters the cellular size, nucleus / cytoplasm relationship (NCR) and ink reaction. The study demonstrated the existence of three basic cellular patterns: cells with low NCR, accentuated cyanophily and small size; cells with increment in NCR, cyanophilic loss and larger volume cytoplasmatic and without nuclei keratinization cells in squamous aspect. CONCLUSION: The staining of the material allowed, besides the cytological classification, the quantification possibility that would result in a perfected accompaniment of the cycle estrous.

OBJETIVOS: O objetivo deste estudo foi à padronização de uma técnica de coleta e coloração em meio líquido que alie a praticidade e a riqueza citológica, possibilitando uma maior reprodutividade e facilidade microscópica. MÉTODOS: Ratas wistar (n=20) foram submetidas à coleta vaginal diária em salina e o lavado fixado (éter/álcool) e corado em suspensão com solução de azul de Evans 0,025%. A amostra foi concentrada por centrifugação e observado sob objetiva de 40 x. RESULTADOS: Os esfregaços corados permitiram nítida diferenciação das fases do ciclo hormonal (diestro, proestro, estro e metaestro); além da diferenciação dos tipos celulares em relação ao seu grau de maturação tendo como parâmetros o tamanho celular, relação núcleo / citoplasma (RNC) e reação tintorial. O estudo demonstrou a existência de três padrões celulares básicos: células com baixa RNC, acentuada cianofília e pequeno tamanho; células com acréscimo na RNC, perda de cianofilia e maior volume citoplasmático e células queratinizadas anucleadas em aspecto de escama. CONCLUSÃO: A coloração do material permitiu, além da classificação citológica, a possibilidade de quantificação o que resultaria em um acompanhamento mais acurado do ciclo estral.