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Objective To analyze the developmental relationship between mesenchymal stem/pro-genitor cells (MSPCs) and hematopoietic cells during human embryogenesis. Methods Aborted embryos at different developmental stages were used in this study after medical abortion. Embryonic blood tissues were isolated and digested into single cells. These single cells were plated in semisolid medium in favor of the dif-ferentiation of colony-forming cell with high proliferative potential ( HPP-CFC) and incubated for 10 to 14 d. Individual colonies with diameter more than 0. 5 mm were picked and replated in liquid medium. Fibroblastic adherent cells appeared in the replated colonies were cultured for cell proliferation and cytokins expressed on cell surface were identified to analyze whether they had the characteristics of MSPCs. Results This study summarized the dynamic development of HPP-CFCs and other hematopoietic progenitor cells in different tis-sues including aorta-gonad-mesonephros ( AGM) region, yolk sac and embryonic liver. From the 28-somite stage, a proportion of HPP-CFCs in AGM region could give rise to adherent fibroblastic cells in addition to hematopoietic cells. The adherent cells harbored the differentiation potential of MSPCs and could inhibit the proliferation of T cells in lymphocyte transformation test. Conclusions This study suggests some prehemato-poietic precursors in AGM region can give rise to both hematopoietic progenitors and MSPCs during human embryogenesis.
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Objective@#To analyze the developmental relationship between mesenchymal stem/progenitor cells (MSPCs) and hematopoietic cells during human embryogenesis.@*Methods@#Aborted embryos at different developmental stages were used in this study after medical abortion. Embryonic blood tissues were isolated and digested into single cells. These single cells were plated in semisolid medium in favor of the differentiation of colony-forming cell with high proliferative potential (HPP-CFC) and incubated for 10 to 14 d. Individual colonies with diameter more than 0.5 mm were picked and replated in liquid medium. Fibroblastic adherent cells appeared in the replated colonies were cultured for cell proliferation and cytokins expressed on cell surface were identified to analyze whether they had the characteristics of MSPCs.@*Results@#This study summarized the dynamic development of HPP-CFCs and other hematopoietic progenitor cells in different tissues including aorta-gonad-mesonephros (AGM) region, yolk sac and embryonic liver. From the 28-somite stage, a proportion of HPP-CFCs in AGM region could give rise to adherent fibroblastic cells in addition to hematopoietic cells. The adherent cells harbored the differentiation potential of MSPCs and could inhibit the proliferation of T cells in lymphocyte transformation test.@*Conclusions@#This study suggests some prehematopoietic precursors in AGM region can give rise to both hematopoietic progenitors and MSPCs during human embryogenesis.
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Titanium use for making implants to replace the teeth and associated structures is now in common Dental practice. Owing to its high resistance to corrosion in a physiological environment and the excellent biocompatibility that gives it a passive, stable oxide film, titanium is considered the material of choice for intraosseous use. There are certain studies which show titanium as an allergen but the resources to diagnose titanium sensitivity are very limited. The allergic response to titanium is reported in very few cases. The purpose of this article is to create awareness among the people handling and using titanium in dentistry so that better strategies can be developed to manage the allergic response to it
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Objective@#To investigate whether the cells with the characteristic of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) could be found in rat cerebral cortex.@*Methods@#Rat cerebral cortex samples were digested with typeⅡ collagenase into single cells. Culture medium for MSCs was used for cell culture. The morphology of the cells was observed under a microscope. MSC-specific surface markers were detected by flow cytometry. Differentiation potential favoring adipogenesis or osteogenesis of the subcultured cells was analyzed. Lymphocyte transformation test (LTT) was performed to analyze their immunosuppressive function. Bone marrow MSCs (BM-MSCs) were used as positive control cells in all experiments.@*Results@#The fibroblast-like cells isolated from the cerebral cortex of rats were morphologically heomeogeneous after cell culture and grew in a spiral pattern. On the surface of these cells, CD29, CD90 and CD146 were highly expressed at mRNA level, while the expression of CD45 and CD31 at mRNA level were not detected. Moreover, they could be induced to differentiate into adipocytes and osteoblasts. Results of LTT showed that they were functionally equivalent to BM-MSCs in inhibiting the proliferation of spleen lymphocytes induced by concanavalin A.@*Conclusions@#This study suggested that the cells with the characteristic of MSCs could be detected in rat cerebral cortex.
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Objective To investigate whether the cells with the characteristic of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) could be found in rat cerebral cortex. Methods Rat cerebral cortex samples were diges-ted with typeⅡ collagenase into single cells. Culture medium for MSCs was used for cell culture. The mor-phology of the cells was observed under a microscope. MSC-specific surface markers were detected by flow cytometry. Differentiation potential favoring adipogenesis or osteogenesis of the subcultured cells was ana-lyzed. Lymphocyte transformation test (LTT) was performed to analyze their immunosuppressive function. Bone marrow MSCs (BM-MSCs) were used as positive control cells in all experiments. Results The fibro-blast-like cells isolated from the cerebral cortex of rats were morphologically heomeogeneous after cell culture and grew in a spiral pattern. On the surface of these cells, CD29, CD90 and CD146 were highly expressed at mRNA level, while the expression of CD45 and CD31 at mRNA level were not detected. Moreover, they could be induced to differentiate into adipocytes and osteoblasts. Results of LTT showed that they were func-tionally equivalent to BM-MSCs in inhibiting the proliferation of spleen lymphocytes induced by concanavalin A. Conclusions This study suggested that the cells with the characteristic of MSCs could be detected in rat cerebral cortex.
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PURPOSE: Reports evaluating diagnosis and cross reactivity of quinolone hypersensitivity have revealed contradictory results. Furthermore, there are no reports investigating the cross-reactivity between gemifloxacin (GFX) and the others. We aimed to detect the usefulness of diagnostic tests of hypersensitivity reactions to quinolones and to evaluate the cross reactivity between different quinolones including the latest quinolone GFX. METHODS: We studied 54 patients (mean age 42.31±10.39 years; 47 female) with 57 hypersensitivity reactions due to different quinolones and 10 nonatopic quinolone tolerable control subjects. A detailed clinical history, skin test (ST), and single-blind placebo-controlled drug provocation test (SBPCDPT), as well as basophil activation test (BAT) and lymphocyte transformation test (LTT) were performed with the culprit and alternative quinolones including ciprofloxacin (CFX), moxifloxacin (MFX), levofloxacin (LFX), ofloxacin (OFX), and GFX. RESULTS: The majority (75.9%) of the patients reported immediate type reactions to various quinolones. The most common culprit drug was CFX (52.6%) and the most common reaction type was urticaria (26.3%). A quarter of the patients (24.1%) reacted to SBPCDPTs, although their STs were negative; while false ST positivity was 3.5% and ST/SBPCDPTs concordance was only 1.8%. Both BAT and LTT were not found useful in quinolone hypersensitivity. Cross-reactivity was primarily observed between LFX and OFX (50.0%), whereas it was the least between MFX and the others, and in GFX hypersensitive patients the degree of cross-reactivity to the other quinolones was 16.7%. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that STs, BAT, and LTT are not supportive in the diagnosis of a hypersensitivity reaction to quinolone as well as in the prediction of cross-reactivity. Drug provocation tests (DPTs) are necessary to identify both culprit and alternative quinolones.
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Humans , Basophils , Ciprofloxacin , Diagnosis , Diagnostic Tests, Routine , Hypersensitivity , In Vitro Techniques , Levofloxacin , Lymphocyte Activation , Ofloxacin , Quinolones , Skin Tests , UrticariaABSTRACT
Objective:To discuss the effects of recombinant IFN-α-IL-18 fusion protein on chicken lymphocyte transformation and the chicken nuclear factor kappa B ( NF-κB ) activity.Methods: The recombinant plasmids pPICZ-IFN-α, pPICZ-IL-18 and pPICZ-IFN-α-IL-18 were constructed,and transformed into P.Pastoris X-33 strain by electroporation.The recombinant proteins were ex-pressed under the induction of 1% methanol,and detected by SDS-PAGE and Western blot.The biological activities of the expressed products were detected by the lymphocyte transformation test,the NF-κB concentration in chicken lymphocyte and lymphocytic nucleus were detected at different times with ELISA.Results:SDS-PAGE and Western blot showed that the expressed products existed in super-natant,and the molecular weights were about 22 kD,23 kD and 43 kD,respectively.The expressed products IL-18 and IFN-α-IL-18 could stimulate chicken lymphocyte transformation (P0.05).Compared with the control group,the total NF-κB concentration in chicken lymphocyte induced by IL-18 and IFN-α-IL-18 were increased (P0.05),but the NF-κB in lymphocytic nucleus showed the remarkable increase ( P<0.05 ) .Conclusion: IFN-α-IL-18 and IL-18 can promote lymphocyte transformation significantly, the activity of IFN-αinduced lymphocyte transformation is imperfect.The biological activity of stimulating lymphocyte transformation is associated with the NF-κB expression,activation and nucleo-cytoplasmic transport.The study built foundation for the function of IFN-α-IL-18 fusion protein and the exploration of the role of controlling epidemic diseases.
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Background: Culture filtrate proteins (CFPs) of Mycobacterium tuberculosis are potential vaccine candidates. Objective: The aim was to study the influence of iron levels on CFPs and assess the immuno-protective potential of defined antigenic fractions from high (8 μg Fe/mL) and low iron (0.02 μg Fe / mL) cultures of M. tuberculosis. Materials and Methods: The CFPs of M. tuberculosis from high (CFP-high) and low (CFP-low) iron conditions were first compared to identify iron-regulated proteins and then fractionated to obtain ten antigen pools (CF-Ags H1- H5 and L1-L5) that were used to assess the immune response of TB patients and normal healthy controls. Results: Iron limitation resulted in the up-regulation of two novel iron-regulated low-molecular-weight proteins Irp-1 (in CF-Ag L4) and Irp-2 (in CF-Ag L5) and repression of two ESAT proteins (identified with monoclonal antibody HYB 76.8). The median stimulation indices (SIs) against most of the CF-Ags were high in pulmonary TB patients. The CF-Ags L1 and L2 showed statistically significant SI (P values of 0.0027 and 0.0029 respectively); the % case recognition was high with these antigens as well as with L4 ( P = 0.0275). IFN-γ in response to these CF-Ags was significantly high in the endemic normals; maximal expression was seen with CF-Ag L5 (median value of 233 pg mL -1 ) that was higher than the corresponding H5 (140 pg mL -1 ) and H3 and L3 (205 and 206 pg mL -1 respectively). Conclusions: CF-Ags L5, H3 and L3 showed immuno-protective potential in this geographical location.
Subject(s)
Adult , Antigens, Bacterial/biosynthesis , Antigens, Bacterial/immunology , Bacterial Proteins/biosynthesis , Bacterial Proteins/immunology , Female , Humans , Iron/metabolism , Male , Mycobacterium tuberculosis/immunology , Mycobacterium tuberculosis/metabolism , T-Lymphocytes/immunology , Tuberculosis/immunology , Tuberculosis/microbiologyABSTRACT
Allopurinol is one of the causative drugs that induce fixed drug eruption (FDE). The lymphocyte transformation test (LTT) is a safe and reliable diagnostic procedure for drug allergy, but is reported to be rarely positive in patients with FDE. In the current case, we performed an LTT and successfully confirmed allopurinol as the offending drug. This case report suggests that an LTT should be an optional diagnostic tool for FDE or delayed reaction due to allopurinol.
Subject(s)
Humans , Allopurinol , Drug Eruptions , Drug Hypersensitivity , Lymphocyte Activation , LymphocytesABSTRACT
30mg partially purified pBMP was implanted into right quardriceps muscle in each rabbit. Whole blood was collected from ear veins before and after the operatin. Lymphocyte proliferation response to nonspecific mitogen PHA and to specific pBMP were measured by lymphocyte transformation test in vitro, using H—labelled thymidine incorporatcon method (~3H—TdR). The skin test and histological investigation of pBMP were also performed. It has been shown that no significant changes of cellular immunity in rabbit were observed after pBMP implantation; the immunogenicity of pBMP was weak. The likelihood of chinical use of pBMP is provided.
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100 cases of patients with brain tumor were tested with lymphocyte transformation testand erythrocyte-rosette forming cell,the results showed the lymphocyte transfor-mation test and Erythrocyte-Rosette Forming Cell of the patients with brain tumorwas lower than that of the normal value,of the 100 postoperative brain tumor cases75 were treated with blood-enriching decoction of Angelica Sinensis and 25 were usedas control.The lymphocyte transformation test and erythrocyte-Rosette formingcell of the treated group showed a remarkable rise(P