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Introduction: Dengue virus transmitted by mosquitoes iswidely distributed throughout the tropics and subtropics. It isone of the most rapidly spreading mosquitos borne viraldisease in the world. In India specially, dengue has emergedas a matter of major concern because of its epidemicproportions. Therefore, early diagnosis for dengue is called for,to reduce the mortality and morbidity attributed to it.Aims and Objective: There are numerous methods for thediagnosis of dengue of which the serological tests play asignificant role. Various rapid ICT tests are being used in thelaboratories for the early diagnosis of dengue these days. Thepresent study aims to evaluate the performance of rapid ICTwith reference to MAC-ELISA for its role in diagnosis ofdengue.Methods and Materials: In the present study 305 suspectedsamples of dengue were collected during the month of October2017 to December 2017. All the samples were collected byaseptic techniques.Results: 92 samples were positive by Mac Elisa IgM Ab test.The prevalence of the disease was 30.16 %. When ICT IgM Abtest was compared with Elisa IgM capture Ab test a sensitivityof 95.65 % and specificity of 98.59 % was observed.Conclusion: The high sensitivity and specificity makes itsuitable to be used in acute diagnosis of dengue but Mac ElisaIgM capture Ab test combination will make it more reliable andconfirmatory.
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Background: Objective of current study was to compare and evaluate different diagnostic tests to establish a reliable and less time consuming diagnostic test for prompt diagnosis of acute Japanese encephalitis cases mainly amongst children and young adults from North-Eastern part of Uttar Pradesh. Methods: A total of 100 subjects, including 50 suspected cases and 50 diseased controls were investigated to establish the diagnosis of JE in acute encephalitis patients. All CSF samples were subjected to MAC-ELISA, virus cultivation and RT-PCR. Results: Out of 50 cases, 6 showed negative results by all the three tests. 50% (22 out of 44), 47.5% (21 out of 44), and 66% (23 out of 44) were found positive by MAC-ELISA, Virus cultivation and RT-PCR respectively. The rate of detection by Virus cultivation and RT-PCR was higher in case of MAC-ELISA negative cases (57.1% and 78.5%) than that of MAC-ELISA positive cases (22.7% and 27.2%) respectively. Mean age of the patients was 12.5 years, which ranged from 1-24 years with male to female ratio of 3:1. Conclusions: The RT-PCR was found most reliable, sensitive and specific method amongst the three chosen methods for detection of JEV in suspected encephalitis patients.
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El dengue es una enfermedad aguda grave considerada actualmente como infección reemergente, cuyo vector principal es el Aedes aegypti. En Paraguay en el 2007 fueron reportados 28.181 casos, 55 se clasificaron como fiebre hemorrágica del dengue de los cuales 7 fallecieron. El 90% de los casos fueron de Asunción y del Departamento Central,10% del resto del país. En los últimos años se han desarrollado diferentes sistemas inmunoenzimáticos para el diagnóstico del dengue, entre ellos el ELISA de captura de IgM (MAC ELISA). El objetivo de este estudio observacional analítico de corte transverso fu ecomparar la prueba del MAC ELISA desarrollada en el Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Salud (IICS) utilizando antígenos suministrados por el Instituto Pedro Kouri(IPK) de Cuba y el Evandro Chagas de Brasil, con el kit comercial ELISA IgM por capturapara virus del dengue (Focus Diagnostics Inc. Cypress, CA, USA). Fueron seleccionados alazar 92 sueros de pacientes codificados que concurrieron al IICS con sospecha de dengue, respetándose la confidencialidad de los mismos. La concordancia obtenida fue del94.6% (Índice Kappa: 0.891) utilizando el antígeno del IPK y 96.7% (Índice Kappa:0.9350) con el antígeno del Evandro Chagas, mostrándose alta significancia estadística(p<0.00001) en ambos casos. La excelente concordancia obtenida con los dos antígenos indica que los mismos pueden ser utilizados indistintamente en la prueba del MAC ELISA desarrollada en el IICS, a fin de apoyar el diagnóstico del dengue a menor costo y quesería de producción local.
Dengue is an acute disease currently considered a re-emerging infection, whose main vector is Aedes aegypti. In 2007, 28,181 cases were reported in Paraguay, 55 were classified as dengue hemorrhagic fever and seven of them died. Ninety percent of the cases were from Asunción and the Central Department and the remaining 10% from the rest of the country. In recent years various immunoenzymatic systems have been developed immunoassay for the diagnosis of dengue, including the M antibody captureELISA (MAC ELISA). The aim of this cross-sectional observational study was to compare the MAC ELISA test developed at the Instituto de Investigaciones en Cienciad de la Salud(IICS) using antigens supplied by the Instituto Pedro Kouri (IPK) of Cuba and Evandro Chagas of Brazil with a commercial kit of M antibody capture ELISA for dengue virus (Focus Diagnostics Inc. Cypress, CA, USA). Ninety two coded serum samples wererandomly selected from patients who attended the IICS with suspected dengue, respecting their confidentiality. The concordance obtained was 94.6% (Kappa Index: 0.891) using the IPK antigen and 96.7% (Kappa index: 0.9350) with the antigen from Evandro Chagas showing high statistical significance (p<0.00001) in both cases. The excellent concordance obtained with the two antigens indicates that they can be used indistinctly in the MAC ELISA test developed in the IICS to support the diagnosis of dengue at a lower cost and would be locally produced.
Subject(s)
Antigens , DengueABSTRACT
Purpose: This study was undertaken to evaluate the efficacy of NS1 antigen (Ag) assay as an early marker for dengue virus (DV) infection. Materials and Methods: Group I evaluated the performance of NS1 antigen (Ag) assay in comparison to MAC-ELISA and their detection rate when performed together in a single sample. Six hundred acute/early convalescent sera were screened by both the assays. Group II evaluated the efficacy of a single assay in 30 acute phase sera of paediatric OPD patients screened only by NS1 Ag assay. Group III evaluated the specificity of NS1 assay in comparison to MAC-ELISA on 40 samples included as controls. Results: In Group I, 140 (23.3%) and 235 (39.1%) samples were positive by NS1 assay and MAC-ELISA respectively. The detection rate increased to 320 (53.3%) when both the assays were used together on a single sample. NS1 Ag positivity varied from 71.42% to 28.4% in acute and early convalescent sera, conversely IgM detection rate was 93.61% and 6.38% in early convalescent and acute phase sera respectively (P < 0.0001). In Group II, 66.66% (20) samples were positive by NS1 assay. All the samples in Group III were negative showing 100% specificity of both the assays. Conclusion: NS1 Ag assay holds promise in early diagnosis of dengue infection. When used in combination with MAC-ELISA on a single sample it significantly improves the diagnostic algorithm without the requirement of paired sera.
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Background: Japanese Encephalitis (JE) is common in the plains and mountainous areas in Asia \u2013 Pacific. Japanese encephalitis vaccine shows effectiveness in protecting children from JE in some countries such as Japan and Korea. Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of Japanese Encephalitis (JE) vaccination in Thai Binh province during 2003-2007. Subject and Method: Prospective, retrospective and sero-epidemiological methods were carried out on 329 samples collected from viral encephalitis patients and tested by JE MAC-ELISA, the positive average was 41.6% (137/329). Result: It had dramatically dropped from 85.2% in 2003 to 8.5 % in 2007 related to the rate of JE vaccination for children from 1 to 5 years old increasing from 49 % in 2003 to 77 % in 2007. Most of JE confirmed cases were un-vaccinated. Conclusion: JE etiology cause viral encephalitis in children in Thai Binh province was reduced thanks to JE vaccination in EPI program for 1 to 5 year old children. But more than 96% (131/136) of viral encephalitis in 15 years old upward was unknown etiology, the need for further study of the etiology cause viral encephalitis in adults.
Subject(s)
Encephalitis, Japanese , VaccinesABSTRACT
Background: \r\n', u'Japanese encephalitis virus (JE) is the most prevalent in Asia, Pacific and in mainland northern Australia; and considered to be the leading cause to the acute encephalitis. The case- fatality and sequela rates in children stay rather high. There were some medical technologies for the JE diagnosis, of which is the application of the expensive MAC- ELISA and PEN TAX kits.\r\n', u'Objectives: \r\n', u'To evaluate and compare the light sensitivity of MAC- ELISA and PENTAX Kits in JE diagnosis.\r\n', u'Subjects and method: \r\n', u'48 pairs of sera samples obtained from the patients with clinically manifested Japanese encephalitis (JE) in 2003- 2005, in some northern provinces, they were applied and tested into MAC- ELISA Kits.\r\n', u'Results:\r\n', u'The sensitivity of MAC- ELISA and PENTAX kits detecting IgM against JE virus were 95.71%, and 98.57%, respectively. In addition to that, the sensitivity of these two kits used to detect JE IgM within the first 7 days of the disease was very high (around 92.31%-96.15%).\r\n', u'Conclusion: \r\n', u'The sensitivity of MAC- ELISA and PENTAX kits used to detect IgM against JE virus was very high. \r\n', u'
Subject(s)
Encephalitis , Asian PeopleABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Recently, dengue fever has increased throughout tropical regions and emerged as the most important vector borne viral disease in human. 4 serotypes of viruses are circulating concurrently in these regions and thus it may be anticipated to increase risk of dengue hemorrhagic fever. Even though dengue fever is still not endemic in Korea, it is necessary to test antibodies against dengue viruses because the number of Koreans who have visited these regions is continuously increasing. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Serum specimens from persons with suspected dengue fever had been collected. Commercial kit, immunochromatographic test (ICA), and the IgM capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (MAC-ELISA) were employed for dengue fever detection in these studies. For confirmation randomized 25 specimens among total of 99 specimens were selected and compared with those results from commercial kit and IFA. RESULTS: 33 (33.3%) among 99 specimens showed positive antibody against dengue virus by commercial kit. Positive rate of traveller who have visited Indonesia, Philippines, Malaysia, Thiland was 54.5%. To compare the efficiency of test methods, 25 randomly selected specimens were tested by the MAC-ELISA and IFA simultaneously. 9 specimens showed postive results with the MAC-ELISA method whereas 13 speciments were positive with the IFA methods. CONCLUSION: Confirming the diagnosis of dengue fever with antibody against dengue virus was attempted for the first time in Korea. The results from our study indicate that establishing a national surveillance and/or laboratory diagnostic system in Korea are necessary. In addtion, antibody test strategies for national surveillance system should be carefully considered.
Subject(s)
Humans , Antibodies , Dengue Virus , Dengue , Diagnosis , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay , Immunoglobulin M , Indonesia , Korea , Malaysia , Philippines , Severe Dengue , Virus DiseasesABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Recently, dengue fever has increased throughout tropical regions and emerged as the most important vector borne viral disease in human. 4 serotypes of viruses are circulating concurrently in these regions and thus it may be anticipated to increase risk of dengue hemorrhagic fever. Even though dengue fever is still not endemic in Korea, it is necessary to test antibodies against dengue viruses because the number of Koreans who have visited these regions is continuously increasing. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Serum specimens from persons with suspected dengue fever had been collected. Commercial kit, immunochromatographic test (ICA), and the IgM capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (MAC-ELISA) were employed for dengue fever detection in these studies. For confirmation randomized 25 specimens among total of 99 specimens were selected and compared with those results from commercial kit and IFA. RESULTS: 33 (33.3%) among 99 specimens showed positive antibody against dengue virus by commercial kit. Positive rate of traveller who have visited Indonesia, Philippines, Malaysia, Thiland was 54.5%. To compare the efficiency of test methods, 25 randomly selected specimens were tested by the MAC-ELISA and IFA simultaneously. 9 specimens showed postive results with the MAC-ELISA method whereas 13 speciments were positive with the IFA methods. CONCLUSION: Confirming the diagnosis of dengue fever with antibody against dengue virus was attempted for the first time in Korea. The results from our study indicate that establishing a national surveillance and/or laboratory diagnostic system in Korea are necessary. In addtion, antibody test strategies for national surveillance system should be carefully considered.
Subject(s)
Humans , Antibodies , Dengue Virus , Dengue , Diagnosis , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay , Immunoglobulin M , Indonesia , Korea , Malaysia , Philippines , Severe Dengue , Virus DiseasesABSTRACT
From 2001 September to 2002 August, 566 serum samples of 5-6 months pig at Hoai Duc district, Ha Tay province were supervised. Results showed very high frequency of JE infection among pig population during epidemic season with the percentage of positivity was 82% in June. By contrast during another months of non-epidemic season, the frequency of JE infection among pig population was very low, with the percentage of positivity was between 1.96% and 14%
Subject(s)
Encephalitis, Japanese , Serum , EncephalitisABSTRACT
Studying on 1405 sera were collected from 1159 patients ( male 58.55%; female 41.44%) with encephalitis syndromes which were treated in Bach Mai hospital. Using MAC-ELISA to estimate antibody for Japanese Encephalitis in these patients. The results were as following: The general positive rate was 16.64% The positive rates by MAC-ELISA were 16.54% (46/278), 10.31% (22/223),...and 13.36% (25/187) in 1997, 1998,...and 2001, respectively. The positive rates for males were 58.55%; female 41.44%. The positive rates divided by the age: 1-15 years, 36.84%; 16-60 years 63.16%.
Subject(s)
Encephalitis, Japanese , Serologic Tests , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent AssayABSTRACT
O vírus dengue säo patógenos que vêm afetando milhöes de pessoas durante os dois últimos séculos. No presente trabalho, comparou-se a técnica tradicional de MAC-ELISA e o teste de Immunoblotting, utilizando-se proteínas recombinantes, para pesquisa de anticorpos da classe M, contra os vírus Dengue sorotipos 1 e 2. Foram testadas 100 amostras de soro de pacientes, com suspeita clínica de dengue, por MAC-ELISA e Immunoblotting. Estes soros quando submetidos ao MAC-ELISA resultaram 56 positivos para dengue e 44 negativos. Estas mesmas amostras avaliadas por Immunoblotting erevelaram 56 soros negativos, 36 soros positivos para DEN-1, 6 para DEN-2 e 2 para DEN-1 e 2. Proteínas recombinantes (DEN-1 e DEN-2) utilizadas como antígeno em Immunoblotting possibilitam um diagnóstico diferencial dos sorotipos de dengue circulantes em área, enquanto o teste MAC-ELISA apesar de sensível e rápido näo tipifica o sorotipo de dengue, dado importante durante os períodos de epidemias. (AU)
Dengue viroses (DEN-1 to 4) are human pathogens affeeting millions of people In the last two eenturies. Results of a eomparative study between the traditional MAC-ELISA method and the Immunoblotting teehniques using reeombinant proteins of DEN-l and DEN-2 to deteet vírus speei- fie class M Immunoglobulins, are reported in this paper. One hundred sera samples were studied. Fifty six samples were positive to dengue by MAC-ELISA and 44 were positive by Immunoblotting teehni- que: 36 to DEN-1, 6 to DEN-2 and 2 to DEN-1 and 2 sorotypes. So, the serotype identifieation of the dengue vírus eireulantig in a determined área is possible by using these reeombinant proteins in Immunoblotting teehniques. These data are importante for epidemiologieal surveillanee mainly during the oeeurrenee of an epidemie. (AU)