ABSTRACT
Enzymes immobilized onto substrates with excellent selectivity and activity show a high stability and can withstand extreme experimental conditions, and their performance has been shown to be retained after repeated uses. Applications of immobilized enzymes in various fields benefit from their unique characteristics. Common methods, including adsorption, encapsulation, covalent attachment and crosslinking, and other emerging approaches (e.g., MOFs) of enzyme immobilization have been developed mostly in recent years. In accordance with these immobilization methods, the present review elaborates the application of magnetic separable nanoparticles and functionalized SBA-15 and MCM-41 mesoporous materials used in the immobilization of enzymes.
Enzimas imobilizadas em substratos com excelente seletividade e atividade apresentam alta estabilidade e podem suportar condições experimentais extremas, e seu desempenho foi mantido após repetidos usos. As aplicações de enzimas imobilizadas em vários campos se beneficiam de suas características únicas. Métodos comuns, incluindo adsorção, encapsulamento, ligação covalente e reticulação, e outras abordagens emergentes (por exemplo, MOFs) de imobilização de enzima, foram desenvolvidos principalmente nos últimos anos. De acordo com esses métodos de imobilização, a presente revisão elabora a aplicação de nanopartículas magnéticas separáveis e materiais mesoporosos funcionalizados SBA-15 e MCM-41 usados na imobilização de enzimas.
Subject(s)
Enzyme Immobilizing Agents , NanoparticlesABSTRACT
Abstract Enzymes immobilized onto substrates with excellent selectivity and activity show a high stability and can withstand extreme experimental conditions, and their performance has been shown to be retained after repeated uses. Applications of immobilized enzymes in various fields benefit from their unique characteristics. Common methods, including adsorption, encapsulation, covalent attachment and crosslinking, and other emerging approaches (e.g., MOFs) of enzyme immobilization have been developed mostly in recent years. In accordance with these immobilization methods, the present review elaborates the application of magnetic separable nanoparticles and functionalized SBA-15 and MCM-41 mesoporous materials used in the immobilization of enzymes.
Resumo Enzimas imobilizadas em substratos com excelente seletividade e atividade apresentam alta estabilidade e podem suportar condições experimentais extremas, e seu desempenho foi mantido após repetidos usos. As aplicações de enzimas imobilizadas em vários campos se beneficiam de suas características únicas. Métodos comuns, incluindo adsorção, encapsulamento, ligação covalente e reticulação, e outras abordagens emergentes (por exemplo, MOFs) de imobilização de enzima, foram desenvolvidos principalmente nos últimos anos. De acordo com esses métodos de imobilização, a presente revisão elabora a aplicação de nanopartículas magnéticas separáveis e materiais mesoporosos funcionalizados SBA-15 e MCM-41 usados na imobilização de enzimas.
ABSTRACT
Enzymes immobilized onto substrates with excellent selectivity and activity show a high stability and can withstand extreme experimental conditions, and their performance has been shown to be retained after repeated uses. Applications of immobilized enzymes in various fields benefit from their unique characteristics. Common methods, including adsorption, encapsulation, covalent attachment and crosslinking, and other emerging approaches (e.g., MOFs) of enzyme immobilization have been developed mostly in recent years. In accordance with these immobilization methods, the present review elaborates the application of magnetic separable nanoparticles and functionalized SBA-15 and MCM-41 mesoporous materials used in the immobilization of enzymes.
Enzimas imobilizadas em substratos com excelente seletividade e atividade apresentam alta estabilidade e podem suportar condições experimentais extremas, e seu desempenho foi mantido após repetidos usos. As aplicações de enzimas imobilizadas em vários campos se beneficiam de suas características únicas. Métodos comuns, incluindo adsorção, encapsulamento, ligação covalente e reticulação, e outras abordagens emergentes (por exemplo, MOFs) de imobilização de enzima, foram desenvolvidos principalmente nos últimos anos. De acordo com esses métodos de imobilização, a presente revisão elabora a aplicação de nanopartículas magnéticas separáveis e materiais mesoporosos funcionalizados SBA-15 e MCM-41 usados na imobilização de enzimas.
Subject(s)
Enzymes, Immobilized/metabolism , Magnetite Nanoparticles , Enzyme Stability , Adsorption , Hydrogen-Ion ConcentrationABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To improve the water solubility of ginsenoside Rg3, using mesoporous silica nanoparticles MCM-41 loading ginsenoside Rg3 and study the mechanism of promoting drug absorption with human lung cancer cells A549 as a model. METHODS: The mesoporous silica nanoparticles MCM-41, as a carrier, loading ginsenoside Rg3 by adsorption method. The morphology and particle size of MCM-41 were investigated by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and laser particle size analyzer. The solid state characterization of ginsenoside Rg3 were investigated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy method (FTIR), respectively. In vitro dissolution experiments investigated the dissolution rate of ginsenoside Rg3. Cytotoxicity assay and cell uptake experiments explored the effect of the administration system of A549 cells and the mechanism of inhibiting cell proliferation. RESULTS: We have been successfully prepared the mesoporous silica nanoparticles MCM-41. In vitro dissolution experiments showed that MCM-41 can significantly improve the dissolution rates of ginsenoside Rg3. Administration system can be uptaked into A549 cells and inhibit cell proliferation. CONCLUSION: The mesoporous silica nanoparticles MCM-41 has a good solubilization effect for ginsenoside Rg3, and MCM-41 has potential as a carrier for the treatment of lung cancer.
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To synthesize MCM41 mesoporous molecular sieves, prepare pueratin/MCM 41 assemblies, and study their pharmacokinetics in rats. METHODS: MCM-41 mesoporous molecular sieves were synthesized using TEOS as silicon source and CTAB as templates under basic condition. Pueratin was loaded into MCM-41 by immersion method. Pueratin-loaded MCM-41 (PU-MCM) was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), N2 adsorption-desorption and FT-IR spectroscopy. Pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated from the plasma concentrations determined by HPLC after administration of pueratin suspension (PU-SUS) and PU-MCM orally to rats. RESULTS: Pueratin was loaded into the pores of MCM-41 successfully with a drug loading rate of 12.6%. The pharmacokinetic parameters in rats after administration of PU-SUN and PU-MCM were as follows: ρmax were (2.43 ± 0.75) and (3.98 ± 1.15) μg · mL-1, tmax were (0.79 ± 0.19) and (0.67 ± 0.20) h, and AUC0~t were (5.35 ± 1.42) and (10.41 ± 2.64) μg · h · mL-1, respectively. CONCLUSION: PU-MCM was prepared successfully, which showed significantly increased release rate, longer residence time and higher bioavailability than PU-SUS after administration in rats.
ABSTRACT
Considerable research efforts have been made in recent years towards the development of silica mesoporous nanocomposite as drug delivery system. Numerous reports are available in literature for the synthesis of mesoporous nano materials. In present work two distinct mesoporous MCM-41 nanocomposite (MCM-41-A and MCM-41-B) were synthesized and characterized by different instrumental techniques such as X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, FTIR and nitrogen adsorption desorption analyses. Both the mesoporous nanocomposite was synthesized with different hydrothermal treatment and effect on mesoporosity was determined. Evaluation data revealed MCM-41-A MSNs with regular spherical shape with high degree of mesoporosity whereas MCM-41-B MSNs were lack of mesoporous characteristics. For instance, hydrothermal treatment significantly affects the physical properties like surface area, pore volume and pore diameter of the MSNs.