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1.
Subj. procesos cogn ; 26(2): 1-29, nov. 28, 2022.
Article in Spanish | LILACS, UNISALUD, BINACIS | ID: biblio-1401856

ABSTRACT

Los problemas comportamentales en la infancia suponen todos aquellos comportamientos persistentes en los que se repiten conductas que no respetan las normas o las reglas sociales propias de la edad. La detección temprana de estas dificultades permite controlar en cierto modo la gravedad del asunto ya que, de no trabajarse sobre la sintomatología del niño, las posibilidades de desarrollar un trastorno mental severo son mayores. Así, la identificación y el diagnóstico de los problemas conductuales se ha vuelto una meta de gran significación para la disciplina psicológica. El objetivo de este estudio fue realizar una revisión de la literatura reciente para sistematizar la información referida a las diferentes conceptualizaciones teóricas que existen sobre los problemas comportamentales desde diversas escuelas psicológicas y las respuestas terapéuticas que ofrecen, identificar los instrumentos de medición validados para su evaluación en Argentina, y describir la importancia de su detección temprana y posibles áreas de incidencia(AU)


Behavioral problems in childhood involve all those persistent actions in which activities that do not respect the norms or social rules of the age are repeated. Early detection of these problems makes it possible to control the severity of the problem to a certain extent. If the child's symptoms are not elaborated, the chances of developing a severe mental disorder are greater. Thus, the identification and diagnosis of behavioral problems has become a goal of great significance for the psychological discipline. The objective of this article was to carry out a review of the recent literature to systematize the information referring to the different theoretical conceptualizations that exist on behavioral problems from various psychological schools and the therapeutic responses they offer. Also,to identify the measurement instruments validated for their evaluation in Argentina and describe the importance of its early detection and possible areas of incidence(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Cognitive Behavioral Therapy/statistics & numerical data , Child Behavior Disorders/psychology , Psychology, Child , Emotions , Family Relations/psychology , Problem Behavior/psychology
2.
Chinese Journal of Rehabilitation Theory and Practice ; (12): 687-691, 2020.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-905502

ABSTRACT

Home environment assessment tools for people with disabilities can be classfied into those based on classical test theory and item response theory. This paper reviewed the content, methods, target population, reliability and validity of the two types of home environment assessment tools and summarized their advantages and disadvantages.

3.
Psicol. teor. prát ; 21(2): 58-74, May-Aug. 2019. ilus, tab
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1020256

ABSTRACT

The Cognitive Reserve (CR) construct seeks to explain the brain's ability of compensate for degeneration caused by age or neuropathology. However, standardized measures of CR are incipient. Through a systematic review, this study aimed to investigate the instruments in the form of scales and questionnaires used as objective measures of CR, through the measurement of multiple variables related to activities conducted throughout the lifetime. The search for articles was conducted in the PubMed, Scopus, Science Direct, PsycINFO, VHL and Cochrane databases. Seven studies were selected after applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The existence of five scales/questionnaires that measure CR was verified. The instruments present a short duration, however, they vary in the items/variables measured, there being a lack of in-depth studies with large and diversified samples. Further studies are needed to improve the validity evidence and to conduct cross-cultural adaptations of the CR scale/questionnaires.


O construto reserva cognitiva (RC) busca explicar a capacidade de o cérebro compensar a degeneração causada pela idade ou neuropatologia. Contudo, medidas padronizadas de RC são incipientes. Por meio de uma revisão sistemática, este estudo objetivou investigar os instrumentos em formato de escalas e questionários utilizados como medida objetiva de RC, a partir da mensuração de múltiplas variáveis relacionadas a atividades realizadas ao longo da vida. A busca por artigos foi realizada nas bases de dados PubMed, Scopus, ScienceDirect, PsychINFO, BVS e Cochrane. Sete estudos foram selecionados após a aplicação dos critérios de inclusão e exclusão. Constatouse a existência de cinco escalas/questionários que mensuram RC. Os instrumentos são de curta duração, porém variam quanto aos itens/às variáveis mensuradas e carecem de estudos aprofundados, com amostras amplas e diversificadas. São necessários mais estudos que busquem aprimorar as evidências de validade e realizar adaptações transculturais das escalas/dos questionários de RC.


La Reserva cognitiva (RC) busca explicar la capacidad del cerebro para compensar el declive causado por la edad y neuropatologías. Además, las escalas estandarizadas de RC son aún incipientes. La presente revisión sistemática, tuvo como objetivo investigar los instrumentos utilizados para medir objetivamente la RC, a partir de la evaluación de diversas variables asociadas con actividades realizadas durante el ciclo vital. La búsqueda se realizó en las bases de datos PubMed, Scopus, Science Direct, PsycInfo, Bvs y Cochrane. Después de aplicar los criterios de inclusión y exclusión siete artículos fueron seleccionados. Se identificó cinco instrumentos que miden RC. Dichos instrumentos son de corta duración, pero varían en cuanto a los ítems evaluados y carecen de estudios con muestras más amplias y diversas. Es necesaria la elaboración de estudios que busquen mejorar la validez, así como realizar adaptaciones transculturales de las escalas de RC.


Subject(s)
Humans , Research , Cross-Cultural Comparison , Surveys and Questionnaires , Cognition , Cognitive Reserve , Nerve Degeneration , Pathology , Signs and Symptoms , Brain Injuries
4.
Rev. cienc. salud (Bogotá) ; 17(1): 85-107, ene.-abr. 2019. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS, COLNAL | ID: biblio-1013861

ABSTRACT

Abstract Introduction: Sexual aggression (SA) is a public health problem present throughout the life of people, for this reason it is necessary to know its magnitude and scope. The objective of this study was to conduct a systematic review of empirical studies that include information on the prevalence of sexual aggression in undergraduate students. Materials and Methods: Two authors independently searched for publications between 2008-2018 in the Scopus®, Web of Science®, Scielo®, Redalyc® and Eric® databases. As inclusion criteria, empirical studies that report the prevalence of victimization and/or perpetration of sexual aggression in students since their admission to the university were considered. The evaluation was carried out independently by two evaluators who determined the risk of bias. In total, 35 articles were selected that met the inclusion criteria. Used methodology, sample sizes, measurement instruments, prevalence of victimization-perpetration of sexual aggression and perpetrator-victim relationship are indicated. Results: Although there are differences between the studies analyzed, the results indicate that unwanted sexual contact is the most frequent type of sexual aggression in both victimization and perpetration; however, several studies did not perform this subdivision and showed only general data of some type of sexual aggression. Discussion: The findings of the estimation of prevalence of sexual aggression and its subtypes in undergraduates since they enter university life are discussed, as well as future considerations related to terminology unification that allows to estimate more precise figures of the types of sexual aggression.


Resumen Introducción: la agresión sexual (AS) es un problema de salud pública que está presente en la vida de las personas, motivo por el cual es necesario conocer su magnitud y alcance. El objetivo de este estudio fue realizar una revisión sistemática de estudios que incluyeran información de prevalencia de agresión sexual en estudiantes universitarios. Materiales y métodos: dos autores de manera independiente realizaron la búsqueda de publicaciones entre los años 2008-2018 en las bases de datos Scopus®, Web of Science®, Scielo®, Redalyc® y Eric®. Como criterios de inclusión se consideraron estudios empíricos que reportaran prevalencia de victimización y/o perpetración de agresión sexual en estudiantes desde su ingreso a la universidad. La evaluación fue realizada de manera independiente por dos evaluadores, quienes determinaron el riesgo de sesgo. En total 35 artículos cumplían con los criterios de inclusión. Se indica la metodología empleada, tamaños de muestra, instrumentos de medida, prevalencia de victimización-perpetración de agresión sexual y relación perpetrador-víctima. Resultados: aunque existen diferencias entre los estudios analizados, los resultados indican que el contacto sexual no deseado es el tipo de agresión sexual más frecuente; sin embargo, diversos estudios no realizaron esta subdivisión y mostraron únicamente datos generales de algún tipo de agresión sexual. Discusión: se discuten los hallazgos de la estimación de prevalencia de la agresión sexual y sus subtipos en estudiantes desde que ingresan a la universidad y se plantean consideraciones futuras relacionadas con la unificación de la terminología que permita estimar cifras más precisas de los tipos de agresión sexual.


Resumo Introdução: a agressão sexual (A.S.) é um problema de saúde pública que está presente ao longo da vida das pessoas, motivo pelo qual é necessário conhecer sua magnitude e alcance. O objetivo deste estudo foi realizar uma revisão sistemática dos estudos empíricos que incluíram informação de prevalência de agressão sexual em estudantes universitários. Materiais e métodos: dois autores de maneira independente realizaram a busca de publicações entre os anos 2008-2018 nas bases de dados Scopus®, Web of Science®, Scielo®, Redalyc® e Eric®. Como critérios de inclusão consideraram-se estudos empíricos que reportaram prevalência de vitimização e/ou perpetração de agressão sexual em estudantes desde seu ingresso à universidade. A avaliação foi realizada de maneira independente por dois avaliadores quem determinaram o risco de sesgo. Em total foram selecionados 35 artigos que cumpriam com os critérios de inclusão. Indica-se a metodologia empregada, tamanhos de amostra, instrumentos de medida, prevalência de vitimização-perpetração de agressão sexual e relação perpetrador-vítima. Resultados: ainda que existem diferenças entro os estudos analisados, os resultados indicam que o contato sexual não desejado é o tipo de agressão sexual mais frequente tanto em vitimização como perpetração; no entanto, diversos estudos não realizaram esta subdivisão e mostraram unicamente dados gerais de algum tipo de agressão sexual. Discussão: discutem-se os resultados da estimação de prevalência da agressão sexual e seus subtipos em estudantes, desde que ingressam à vida universitária e se apresentam considerações futuras relacionadas com a unificação da terminologia que permita estimar cifras mais precisas dos tipos de agressão sexual.


Subject(s)
Humans , Sex Offenses , Students , Prevalence , Systematic Review
5.
Chinese Journal of Rehabilitation Theory and Practice ; (12): 1417-1421, 2018.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-923913

ABSTRACT

@#There are many return-to-work measurement instruments, including return-to-work ability, return-to-work self-efficacy, readiness for return-to-work and obstacles to return-to-work. This paper reviewed the return-to-work measurement instruments, content, evaluation method, targeting group, reliability and validity of measurements, and summarized its advantages and disadvantages. It could provide reference for construction of vocational rehabilitation programs and improvement of evaluation of the effect.

6.
Psicol. (Univ. Brasília, Online) ; 34: e34414, 2018. graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1020132

ABSTRACT

Resumo A qualidade de vida familiar (QdVF) em famílias de pessoas com deficiência intelectual (DI) tem interessado investigadores, sugerindo potencialidades em termos de avaliação e intervenção. O presente artigo realizou uma revisão sistemática dos estudos empíricos que analisam a QdVF em famílias de pessoas com DI. Efetuou-se uma pesquisa bibliográfica num portal de bases de dados e recorreu-se a critérios de inclusão previamente definidos. Do total de 32 estudos selecionados, 15 recorreram ao instrumento FQOLS-2006, focando-se na análise das dimensões e domínios da mesma; 11 ao Beach Center FQOL Survey, relacionando o constructo com diversas variáveis; e seis a outras formas de avaliação, essencialmente qualitativas. Assim, a QdVF mostra-se pertinente para compreender e intervir com famílias de pessoas com DI.


Abstract Family quality of life (FQoL) for families with members who have an intellectual disability (ID) has recently captured the interest of researchers and demonstrated potential for evaluation and intervention. This paper intends to revise systematically empirical studies that analyze FQoL in families with members having ID. A bibliographic search was carried out in a database and previously defined inclusion criteria were used. From a total of 32 studies, 15 used the FQOLS-2006 that focused on the analysis of their dimensions and domains, 11 the Beach Center FQOL Survey that related the construct to other individual and family variables and six other methods to evaluate FQoL. Thus, FQoL is relevant to understand and intervene with families of persons with ID.

7.
Bogotá; s.n; 2018. 151 p. tab, ilus.
Thesis in Spanish | LILACS, BDENF, COLNAL | ID: biblio-1399286

ABSTRACT

La comunicación es un elemento fundamental en la relación que tiene lugar entre el personal de salud y el paciente en un ambiente clínico; por esta razón es importante definir su impacto en la toma de decisiones. Actualmente las instituciones prestadoras de salud buscan incorporar modelos de atención centrados en el paciente, cuyo objetivo es brindar atención basada en el respeto a la dignidad humana, en donde el paciente sea partícipe de su cuidado. Las entidades de salud requieren herramientas que generen estrategias para el desarrollo de habilidades de comunicación en los profesionales de salud. En Colombia no hay una escala validada que permita medir la relación personal de salud y paciente, lo cual motivó la búsqueda de un instrumento que se pudiera adaptar y validar. El contenido de esta investigación explica las fases de validación inicial de la escala CICAA. El diseño de este estudio es de tipo metodológico, constituido por tres fases; validez aparente y de contenido, consistencia interna medida con el alpha de Cronbach y concordancia entre observadores por medio del Kappa de Fleiss. Para la fase de validez aparente y de contenido intervinieron 10 expertos, quienes midieron dos variables: pertinencia y relevancia a partir del diligenciamiento de una escala tipo Likert. A partir de los datos obtenidos se generaron observaciones semánticas, que permitieron mayor entendimiento del instrumento. Se determinó su consistencia global con un IVC de 0,91 para relevancia y un IVC de 0,92 para pertinencia. En la fase de confiabilidad y concordancia entre observadores se utilizaron los datos obtenidos de 10 profesionales de la salud que aplicaron la escala a 5 consultas videograbadas, con una confiabilidad elevada obtenida mediante el alpha de Cronbach. Para la fase de concordancia entre observadores los valores de Kappa de los ítems fueron 0,8 en 6; valor de 1 en 1. Estos resultados permiten concluir que la escala CICAA es un instrumento que cuenta con una validez aparente, de contenido y confiabilidad inicial elevada, que contribuye como el primer paso en el proceso de validación general del instrumento.


Communication is a fundamental element in the relationship between health personnel and the patient in a clinical environment; for this reason it is important to define its impact on decision making. Currently, health care institutions seek to implement models of patientcentered care, whose objective is to provide care based on respect for human dignity, where the patient is a participant in his/her care. Health entities require tools that generate strategies for the development of communication skills in health professionals. In Colombia there is no validated scale to measure the relationship between health personal and patient, which motivated the search for an instrument that could be adapted and validated for the Colombian context. The content of this research explains the initial validation phases of the "CICAA" scale. This study is methodological in nature, constituted by three phases; apparent validity and content validity, internal consistency measured with the Cronbach's alpha and agreement between observers by Fleiss Kappa. For the apparent validity and content validity phase, 10 experts intervened, who measured two variables: pertinence and relevance from the accomplishment of a Likert scale. From the obtained data, semantic observations were generated, which allowed understanding of the instrument in a more excellent manner. The global consistency was determined with an IVC of 0.91 for relevance and an IVC of 0.92 for pertinence. In the phase of reliability and concordance between observers, the data obtained from 10 health professionals who applied the scale to 5 videotaped consultations, with high reliability obtained using Cronbach's alpha, were used. For the inter-observer concordance phase, the Kappa values of the items were 0.8 in 6; value of 1 in 1. These results allow concluding that the CICAA scale is an instrument that has an apparent validity, content and high initial reliability, that contributes to the process of general validation of the instrument.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Reproducibility of Results , Nurse-Patient Relations , Patient-Centered Care , Validation Study
8.
Braz. j. phys. ther. (Impr.) ; 20(5): 451-460, Sept.-Oct. 2016. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-828285

ABSTRACT

Abstract Background Health-related control and self-efficacy beliefs can be assessed in the general population using Multidimensional Health Locus of Control-A subscales (MHLC-A) and the General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSES), respectively. Objective To test construct validity, internal consistency, reliability (test-retest) and ceiling and floor effects of Portuguese-Brazil versions of MHLC-A and GSES. Method Civil servants (N=2901) enrolled in a large Brazilian cohort were included. A new version of the GSES was produced (GSES-Brazil). Procedures for cross-cultural adaptation and testing of psychometric properties followed well-accepted international guidelines. Results Confirmatory factor analyses yielded the following indices: MHLC-A (tridimensional model): χ2[df]=223.45[132], p-value <0.01; CFI=0.87; TLI=0.85; RMSEA=0.07 (0.07-0.08); WRMR=3.00. GSES-Brazil (unidimensional model): χ2[df]=788.60[35], p-value <0.01; CFI=0.95; TLI=0.94; RMSEA=0.09 (0.08-0.09); WRMR=2.50. Cronbach’s alpha coefficients and Intraclass Correlation Coefficients (ICC2,1) ranged from 0.57 (0.54-0.59) and 0.57 (0.47-0.65) for MHLC-A internality to 0.80 (0.79-0.81) and 0.71 (0.66-0.77) for GSES-Brazil, respectively. There was no evidence of ceiling and floor effects. Convergent validity analyses provided further support for construct validity of both scales. Conclusion These findings support the use of the newly developed version of GSES-Brazil for the assessment of general self-efficacy of adult Brazilians. Internal consistency was lower than ideal for MHLC-A, indicating these subscales may need further refinements to provide a more psychometrically sound measure of control beliefs.


Subject(s)
Humans , Psychometrics , Socioeconomic Factors , Brazil , Surveys and Questionnaires/standards , Reproducibility of Results
9.
Rev. chil. ter. ocup ; 16(1): 69-87, jun. 2016. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-869827

ABSTRACT

Este estudio presenta el desarrollo de un Cuestionario para Padres para la Medición de la Responsividad Sensorial en Niños con Diagnóstico de Autismo (CMRS). Se llevaron a cabo una revisión sistemática de la literatura internacional en el período 2000-2015 y tres estudios Delphi. Los estudios Delphi examinaron prospectivamente a ochenta y siete (N=87), setenta y tres (N= 73) y sesenta (N= 60) Terapeutas Ocupacionales certificados en Integración Sensorial en Argentina. Los profesionales clasificaron 62 ítems en los rótulos de “mantener”, “modificar” o “eliminar” los ítems del CMRS y proporcionaron cambios en su estructura y redacción. Adicionalmente, determinaron su inclusión en cuatro categorías: “hipo-responsividad”, “hiperresponsividad”, “planificación motriz” y “social” y dentro de seis escalas de responsividad sensorial: “visual”, “auditiva”, “vestibular”, “gusto/olfato”, “propioceptiva” y “táctil”. Se presenta la versión final del CMRS y la retroalimentación profesional en todos sus ítems, categorías y escalas así como también sugerencias para estudios futuros que podrían proporcionar información adicional para su aplicación clínica y en investigación.


This study presents the development of a Parental Questionnaire for the Measurement of Sensory Responsivity in Children with a Diagnosis of Autism (QMSR). A systematic review of the international literature in the 2000-2015 period and three Delphi studies were conducted. The three Dephi studies prospectively examined eighty-seven (N=87), seventy-three (N=73) and sixty (N=60) Argentine Occupational Therapists certified in Sensory Integration. These professionals classified all 62 items of the QMSR with three labels that included “maintain” “modify” and “eliminate” and provided written suggestions for changes in their structure and composition. Additionally, they determined their inclusion in four categories: “Hypo-responsivity”, “Hyper-responsivity”, “Motor Planning” and “Social” and six sensory responsivity scales: “Visual”, “Auditory”, “Vestibular”, “Taste/Smell”, “Proprioceptive” and “Tactile”. The final version of the QMRS and professional feedback on all its items, categories and scales is presented, together with suggestions for future studies that could potentially clarify its clinical utility and research applications.


Subject(s)
Humans , Surveys and Questionnaires , Autistic Disorder/diagnosis , Sensation Disorders/diagnosis , Water Level Measurement , Sensation , Autistic Disorder/psychology
10.
Rev. bras. educ. espec ; 21(1): 23-38, Jan-Mar/2015. graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-748955

ABSTRACT

o artigo descreve os procedimentos para a construção, aplicação e análise de dados de um instrumento de avaliação denominado Protocolo de Observação do Desempenho de Crianças com Deficiência Física na Realização de Atividades de Pintura e Colagem. Este protocolo visa a identificar a percepção dos pais e a dos professores acerca de dois aspectos do desempenho de crianças com deficiência física, a saber, capacidade ou incapacidade e independência ou dependência com que é executada uma atividade habitualmente realizada no contexto escolar. Participaram do estudo 11 professoras, sendo três da Educação Infantil e oito do Ensino Fundamental, e três juízes com experiência em Educação Especial. Foram utilizados dois questionários, um visava a avaliar, segundo a percepção das professoras, a adequação das atividades de pintura e colagem elaboradas para as crianças de quatro a nove anos de idade, e o outro, verificar a opinião dos juízes quanto à adequação do instrumento proposto, para o fim a que se destina. Uma série de procedimentos foi realizada até alcançar a versão final do instrumento. Finalizada a sua construção, foram sistematizados os procedimentos para a sua aplicação e análise de dados. As aplicações iniciais do instrumento têm revelado que este está cumprindo com o seu objetivo principal, que é o de mensurar a percepção que pais e professores têm do desempenho de crianças com deficiência física em uma atividade habitualmente realizada no contexto escolar. Os resultados sugerem também a sua adequação quanto à linguagem e formato para a população que faz o seu uso.


The article describes the procedures of construction, application and data analysis of an instrument of evaluation labeled Observation Protocol of Physically Disabled Children's Performance in the Accomplishment of Painting and Pasting Activities. This protocol seeks to identify parent and teacherperception concerning two aspects of physically disabled children's performance, i.e., the capacity or inability and independence or dependence with which they accomplish an activity they are familiar with in the school setting. Elevenpreschool and elementary school teachers and three researchers with experience in the area of Special Education participated in the study. A questionnaire was used to evaluate, according to the teachers' perception, the suitability of the painting and pasting activities proposed to four to nine year old children. Another questionnaire was used to examine the opinion of the researchers about the adequacy of the proposed instrument for the intended aim. A series of procedures was accomplished to reach the final version of the instrument. Once finalized, the procedures for its application and data analysiswere systematized. The initial applications of the instrument have suggested that the instrument is fulfilling its main purpose, that is, the measurement of parents' and teachers' perception of physically disabled children's performance in agiven activity that is often performed in the classroom. The results also suggest it be adapted regarding language and format for the population that will be using it.

11.
Temas psicol. (Online) ; 22(1): 13-24, abr. 2014.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-716713

ABSTRACT

Eventos de vida (EV) referem-se a experiências vitais, de ordem física e ou psicológica, que podem representar mudanças significativas ou discretas na vida das pessoas. O presente estudo visou discutir a avaliação de EV, bem como à construção e validação de construto de uma escala para a mensuração da percepção (avaliação subjetiva) de EV. Investigou-se se EV se agrupavam em dimensões, conforme categorias relatadas na literatura. Participaram 619 universitários, de ambos os sexos. Utilizou-se um questionário com perguntas sociodemográficas e uma lista com 53 eventos de vida para que os participantes indicassem quais eventos já ocorreram com eles e quão positivos e negativos foram esses eventos. As análises fatoriais mostraram não ser adequado extrair fatores, demonstrando que EV não se agrupam em dimensões e, portanto, não constituem um construto. Verificou-se a existência de tendências quanto à positividade ou negatividade na avaliação de EV. Os resultados reforçam a necessidade de considerar-se na pesquisa em EV, a avaliação subjetiva dos eventos, além de sua ocorrência.


Life events (LE) refer to vital experiences, physical or psychological, that may represent discrete or significant changes in people's lives. The present study aimed to discuss the evaluation of LE; create a scale for measuring perceived (subjective evaluation) LE as well as obtain construct validation. Further it was investigated whether LE are gathered in dimensions according to categories described in the literature. The participants were 619 university students of both sexes. Factor analyzes were conducted, but factors were not extracted, demonstrating that LE do not constitute a construct. It was verified the presence of trends regarding the positive and negative evaluation of LE. The results point to the importance of considering the subjective evaluation as well as the occurrence of events in LE evaluation.


Eventos de la vida (EV) se refieren a experiencias vitales, de cuño físico y/o psicológico, que pueden representar cambios significativos o discretos en la vida de las personas. El presente estudio tuve como objetivo discutir la evaluación de EV, así como la construcción y validación de constructo de una escala para medir la percepción (evaluación subjetiva) de EV. Además, se investigó si EV si agrupan en dimensiones como categorías reportados en la literatura. Participaron 619 estudiantes universitarios de ambos sexos. Se utilizó un cuestionario con preguntas demográficas y de una lista con 53 eventos de la vida, en que los participantes tenían que indicar se ya habían vivido cada evento y como evaluaban la positividad y negatividad de los eventos. Los análisis factoriales mostraran no ser adecuado extraer factores, lo que demuestra que los EV no son un constructo. Se encontró que hay tendencias cuanto a la positividad o negatividad de la evaluación de EV. Los resultados refuerzan la necesidad de la evaluación subjetiva de los eventos ser considerada en la investigación de EV, aparte de su ocurrencia.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Life Change Events
12.
Rev. cuba. hig. epidemiol ; 42(3)sep.-dic. 2004.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-628618

ABSTRACT

En Cuba se han desarrollado instrumentos de medición con el objetivo de evaluar el estado de salud y su relación con la calidad de vida. El 30 de octubre del año 2000 se aprobó el acuerdo 3790 del Comité Ejecutivo del Consejo de Ministros, que crea el programa nacional de salud y calidad de vida y la comisión nacional de salud y calidad de vida. El presente trabajo, con un diseño descriptivo, expone los indicadores de evaluación que se construyeron a partir de un enfoque intersectorial y por organismos como coordinadores por áreas de intervención: sedentarismo-INDER (Instituto Nacional de Educación Física y Recreación), alimentación saludable-MINAL (Ministerio de la Industria Alimenticia), tabaquismo-MINCIN (Ministerio del Comercio Interior), accidentes-MITRANS (Ministerio del Transporte), calidad atmosférica-CITMA (Centro de Investigaciones y Tecnologías del Medio Ambiente), ambiente laboral-MTSS (Ministerio del Trabajo y Seguridad Social), calidad del agua, residuales líquidos-INRH (Instituto de Recursos Hidráulicos), residuales sólidos-MEP (Ministerio de Economía y Planificación) y se evaluó además la mortalidad y la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud, así como el comportamiento en el 2001-2002, lo que permitió ofrecer información a los organismos de la administración central del Estado, miembros de la comisión nacional de salud y calidad de vida, y lograr información de calidad para facilitar la toma de decisiones por esta comisión. Se trabajó con propuestas de indicadores mediante el análisis de la especificidad, la sensibilidad y la mensurabilidad del indicador, y se obtuvo un total de 83 indicadores (proceso 41 y resultados 42), los que se sometieron a la consideración de la comisión nacional para su aprobación final. Se muestran algunos resultados obtenidos con estos indicadores. Es una respuesta avanzada en el contexto mundial que incorpora Cuba para nuevos enfoques en la prevención y el control de estos problemas.


Measurement instruments have been developed in Cuba aimed at evaluating the health status and its relation with the quality of life. On October 30, 2000, it was aproved the agreement 3790 of the Executive Committee of the Council of Ministers that creates the National Program of Health and Quality of Life and the National Commission of Health and Quality of Life. The present paper, with a descriptive design, exposes the evaluation indicators that were established starting from an intersectorial approach and with bodies as coordinators by intervention areas: sedentarism-INDER (National Institute of Sports, Physical Education and Recreation), healthy nutrition-MINAL (Ministry of Food Industry), smoking-MINCIN (Ministry of Domestic Trade), accidents-MITRANS (Ministry of Transportation), atmospheric quality-CITMA (Center of Environmental Research and Technologies), working environment-MTSS (Ministry of Work and Social Security), quality of water, liquid wastes-INRH (Institute of Hydraulic Resources), solid wastes-MEP (Ministry of Economy and Planning). Mortality and quality of life related to health, as well as the behavior in 2001-2002, were evaluated, which allowed to give information to the State central management organizations, members of the Health and Quality of Life National Commission, and to attain information of quality to make easy the decision-making for this commission. Proposals of indicators were used by the analysis of specificity, sensitivity and mensurability of the indicator. A total of 83 indicators (41 process and 42 results) was obtained. They were put ot the consideration of the national commission for their final approval. Some results obtained with these indicators are shown. It is an advanced response in the world context that Cuba introduces itself for new approaches in the prevention and control of these problems.

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