Clinical application of ArcScan Insight 100 very high-frequency digital ultrasound scanner in ophthalmology / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

ArcScan Insight 100 very high-frequency(VHF)digital ultrasound scanner is a new ocular ultrasonic measuring instrument, which can detect and measure the anterior segment. It can be used for screening before corneal refractive surgery and follow-up after corneal refractive surgery, measuring anterior segment parameters before implantable collamer lens(ICL)implantation, predicting preoperative vault, measuring postoperative vault, early screening keratoconus, and diagnosing glaucoma, cataract and eye injuries, etc. Taking the advantages of a wide range examination of ultrasound biomicroscope(UBM)and simple operation of optical coherence tomography(OCT), it has a broad prospect for clinical application. In this paper, the measurement principle, application method, parameters and clinical application progress of ArcScan Insight 100 VHF digital ultrasound scanner are reviewed in detail.

Research progress on the measurement of anterior segment parameter and calculation formula of IOL power of abnormal eye axis / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

@#The good effect of refractive cataract surgery depends on a variety of factors, mainly including accuratebiometrics before surgery and accurate calculation of intraocular lens(IOL)power. The accuracy of intraocular biometrics with abnormal eyes axis before surgery is lower. Moreover, compared with the normal eyes axis, the error of postoperative refractive state prediction is larger, which brings great challenges to obtaining the best postoperative visual quality. Recently, new optical biometrics have been used clinically, and individualized IOL power calculation formulas have been developed and applied, which makes the choice of intraocular lens power more accurate. This article reviews the latest research progress on the measurement of eye parameters and the selection of IOL power calculation formula in patients with abnormal axial cataract in the past 3a, in order to provide reference for clinical application.

Escala de bem-estar docente (ebed): desenvolvimento e validação / échelle du bien-être des enseignants (ebed): développement et validation / Escala del bienestar docente (ebid): desarrollo y validación / Teacher well-being scale (ebed): development and validation

Resumo O objetivo do artigo é apresentar o processo de construção e validação da Escala de Bem-Estar Docente (Ebed). Trata-se de um instrumento desenvolvido para identificar os fatores que contribuem para o bem-estar dos professores com o seu trabalho. Composta de 37 variáveis da dimensão objetiva do trabalho (socioeconômicas, relacionais, da atividade laboral e infraestruturais), foi aplicada em 353 professores da Educação Básica, que avaliaram esses itens quanto ao grau de satisfação/insatisfação que proporcionam. As análises, realizadas com a Correlação de Pearson e Análise de Componentes Principais (PCA), apontam que todas as variáveis têm correlação positiva e significativa com a variável "Feliz" (autopercepção de felicidade do professor com o trabalho), contribuindo e podendo ser validadas para medir o bem-estar docente.

Résumé L'Escala de Bem-Estar Docente [Échelle du bien-être des enseignants] (Ebed) est un instrument développé pour identifier les facteurs contribuant au bien-être des professeurs dans leur travail. Composée de 37 variables de la dimension objective du travail (socio-économiques, relationnelles, d'activité professionnelle et d'infrastructure), cette échelle a été appliquée à 353 enseignants de l'éducation de base, qui en ont évalué les éléments en fonction du degré de satisfaction ou d'insatisfaction qu'ils leur procurent. En utilisant l' l'analyse des corrélations de Pearson et l'analyse en composantes principales (APC), il a été montré que toutes les variables ont une corrélation positive et significative avec la variable "Heureux" (auto-perception du bonheur de l'enseignant quant à son travail) et qu'elles peuvent donc contribuer à et être validées pour mesurer le bien-être des enseignants.

Resumen El objetivo del artículo es presentar el proceso de construcción y validación de la Escala de Bienestar Docente (Ebed). Se trata de un instrumento desarrollado para identificar los factores que contribuyen para el bienestar de los profesores con su trabajo. Compuesta de 37 variables de la dimensión objetiva del trabajo (socioeconómicas, relacionales, de la actividad laboral e infraestructurales), fue aplicada para 353 profesores de la Educación Básica, quienes evaluaron esos ítems cuanto al grado de satisfacción/insatisfacción que proporcionan. Los análisis, realizados con la Correlación de Pearson y el Análisis de Componentes Principales (PCA, sigla en inglés para Principal Component Analysis), señalan que todas las variables tienen correlación positiva y significativa con la variable "Feliz" (autopercepción de felicidad del profesor con el trabajo), contribuyendo y pudiendo ser validadas para medir el bienestar docente.

Abstract The objective of the article is to present the process of construction and validation of the Teacher Well-being Scale (Ebed). It is an instrument developed to identify the factors that contribute to teachers' well-being with their work. Composed of 37 variables of the objective dimension of the work (socioeconomic, relational, labor activity and infrastructure), was applied in 353 Basic Education teachers who evaluated these items as to the degree of satisfaction/dissatisfaction they provide. The analyzes, performed with Pearson's Correlation and Principal Component Analysis (PCA), show that all variables have a positive and significant correlation with the "Happy" variable (self-perception of teacher happiness with work), contributing and can be validated to measure teacher well-being.

Adaptación transcultural de instrumentos de evaluación en salud: historia y reflexiones del por qué, cómo y cuándo / Cross-cultural adaptation of evaluation instruments in health: history and reflections of why, how and when

En la actualidad se enfatiza el enfoque universal para abordar situaciones de interés mundial en ámbitos tales como educación, economía y salud. Esto requiere indicadores transversales que posibiliten comparaciones adecuadas. En el área de la salud esto es especialmente relevante para comprender, conocer y responder problemas sanitarios que trascienden las fronteras. La mayoría de los instrumentos de evaluación en salud han sido desarrollados en idioma anglosajón, lo que requiere de un proceso de Adaptación Transcultural (AT) para ser utilizados en países de habla hispana. La AT va más allá de la mera traducción; tiene etapas y requiere componentes específicos para asegurar la validez y confiabilidad del instrumento al ser aplicado en poblaciones con diferente cultura y/o idioma. El presente artículo tiene por objetivo revisar la relevancia de la adaptación transcultural de instrumentos en salud, los componentes y recomendaciones generales del proceso, así como también algunos conceptos claves como la equivalencia, el rol del comité de expertos y la prueba piloto del instrumento adaptado. Se describe el desarrollo histórico de este proceso, evidencia de su uso y desafíos actuales. Finalmente se insta a la revisión de los documentos referenciados para quienes deseen ahondar en los recursos disponibles que lo guían.

Nowadays the use of a universal approach is emphasized to address issues of world level interest in the areas of education, economy and health, among others. This requires cross-sectional indicators that allow adequate comparisons. In the health area this is especially relevant to gain knowledge, understanding and responses of health problems that transcend borders. Most health assessment instruments have been developed in Anglo-Saxon cultures and languages, which require a process of Transcultural Adaptation (TA) to be used in Spanish-speaking countries. TA means not only translation; it has steps and requires specific components to ensure the validity and reliability of the instrument when applied to populations with different culture and/or languages. The objective of this article is to review the relevance of cross-cultural adaptation of health instruments, the components and general recommendations of the process as well as some key concepts such as equivalence, the role of the expert committee and the pilot testing of the adapted instrument. It describes the historical development of this process, evidence of its use and current challenges. Finally, the reviewing of the referenced documents is recommended for those who wish to gain more knowledge in the available resources that guide this process.

Adaptación y validación de los cuestionarios de apoyo a la autonomía y estilo controlador a la educación física: relación con el feedback / Adaptation and validation of autonomy support and controller style's scales in physical education: relationship with feed-back

El objetivo de este trabajo fue adaptar y validar la Escala de Apoyo a la Autonomía (EAA-EF) y la Escala de Estilo Controlador (EEC-EF) para evaluar la percepción del estudiante del estilo interpersonal docente en educación física y comprobar su relación con el feedback El estudio 1, contempla el diseño y análisis factorial exploratorio de los instrumentos con una muestra de 272 estudiantes con una edad media de 11.05 años (DT = 0,76). En el estudio 2, los cuestionarios fueron administrados a 350 estudiantes con una edad media de 11 años (DT = 0,80). Tras el análisis factorial confirmatorio, de consistencia interna, estadísticos descriptivos, correlación de todas las variables y regresión lineal se confirma una estructura psicométrica apropiada para las escalas de apoyo a la autonomía y estilo controlador. Además, se observa cómo el apoyo a la autonomía es predicho positivamente por lo feedbacks positivos y negativamente por el negativo. En conclusión, se trata de dos instrumentos válidos y fiables para evaluar la percepción del estudiante del estilo interpersonal del docente de educación física en el escenario de enseñanza aprendizaje, siendo necesarios más estudios en este ámbito de conocimiento.

The objective of this study was to adapt and validate The Autonomy Support Scale (ASS-PE) and The Control Style Scale (CSS-PE) to evaluate teacher´s interpersonal style in Physical Education. Study 1, contemplates the design and exploratory factor analysis of the instruments with a sample of 272 students with an average age of 11.05 years (SD = 0.76). In study 2, the questionnaires were administered to 350 students with an average age of 11 years (SD = 0.80). After the confirmatory factor analysis, internal consistency and descriptive statistics, the correlation of all the variables and linear regression, an appropriate psychometric structure is confirmed for the support scales for autonomy and controlling style. In addition, it is observed how support for autonomy is predicted positively by positive feedbacks and negatively by negative feedback. The data obtained confirms an appropriate psychometric structure for ASS-PE and CSS-PE scales. In conclusion, it is a valid and reliable instrument for evaluating the interpersonal style of teacher`s physical educa-tion in the teaching learning stage

Comportamientos proactivos en el trabajo: adaptación y análisis psicométrico de una escala / Proactive Work Behaviours: Adaptation and Psychometric Analysis of a Measure

Resumen Objetivo: adaptar la Escala de Comportamientos Proactivos de Belschak y Den Hartog, y analizar sus propiedades psicométricas. Método: se realizó un estudio instrumental sobre una muestra no probabilística de 461 trabajadores argentinos. Resultados: análisis factoriales indicaron la pertinencia de un modelo oblicuo de tres factores (SBχ2= 1.79; GFI = .95; CFI = .94; RMSEA = .03) rotulados como comportamientos proactivos orientados a la organización, a los demás, y a uno mismo, respectivamente; con 10 variables observables, invariante según sexo y con adecuada confiabilidad (α = .78; CR = .77; ω= .72). Se obtuvo evidencia de validez convergente-discriminante y concurrente a partir del cómputo del índice AVE (AVE > .50; √AVE < rs ), y de sus correlaciones con medidas de personalidad proactiva (CP orientados a la organización: rs = .34, p < .01; CP orientados a los demás: rs = .30, p < .01; CP orientados a uno mismo: rs = .36, p < .01), satisfacción (CP orientados a la organización: rs = .40, p < .01; CP orientados a los demás: rs = 31, p < .01; CP orientados a uno mismo: rs = .44, p < .01) e implicación laboral (CP orientados a la organización: rs = .36, p < .01; CP orientados a los demás: rs= .25, p < .05; CP orientados a uno mismo: rs = .42, p < .01). Conclusión: se han obtenido evidencias de validez, invarianza factorial y confiabilidad de la versión argentina del instrumento.

Abstract Objective: To adapt the Belschak & Den Hartog Proactive Behaviours Scale and analyze their psychometric properties. Method: An instrumental study was carried out on a non-probabilistic sample of 461 Argentine workers. Results: Factorial analysis indicated an oblique model of three factors (SBχ2 = 1.79; GFI = .95; CFI = .94; RMSEA = .03) labeled as proactive behaviours pro-organizational, prosocial and pro-self, respectively, with 10 observable variables, invariant across to sex and with adequate composite reliability (α = .78; CR = .77; ω = .72). Evidence of convergent, discriminate and concurrent validity was obtained from the calculation of the AVE index (AVE > .50; √AVE < rs) and its correlations with measures of proactive personality (pro-organizational proactivity: rs = .34, p < .01; prosocial proactivity: rs = .30, p < .01; pro-self proactivity: rs = .36, p < .01), job satisfaction (pro-organizational proactivity: rs = .40, p < .01; prosocial proactivity: rs = 31, p < .01; pro-self proactivity: rs = .44, p < .01) and job involvement (pro-organizational proactivity: rs = .36, p < .01; prosocial proactivity: rs = .25, p < .05; pro-self proactivity: rs = .42, p < .01). Conclusion: evidence of validity, factor invariance and reliability of the Argentine version of the scale were obtained.

Evaluación de la efectividad de los Mapas Conceptuales, como herramienta para el aprendizaje sobre Medicina de Desastres / The effective use of the Conceptual Maps as tools for learning Disasters Medicine

Introducción: elevar la calidad de la docencia, se ha convertido en prioridad estratégica para nuestra sociedad actual. Por lo que resulta esencial integrar un conocimiento amplio y diverso de forma continua, y poner en práctica el principio de Economía de la Enseñanza, dada la necesidad de protagonismo del alumno dentro del proceso de aprendizaje. El desarrollo de los mapas conceptuales, por Joseph Novak, abre un camino de integración en esta triple demanda. Objetivo: evaluar la efectividad de los Mapas Conceptuales, como herramienta para el aprendizaje de Medicina de Desastres. Método: se realizó una investigación cuasi experimental, en el campo del proceso enseñanza- aprendizaje. La muestra fue de 110 estudiantes los que se escogieron de forma probabilística. Cuatro grupos que recibieron un tratamiento experimental (enseñanza a través de mapas conceptuales). Se aplicó un instrumento evaluativo (α-Cronbach de 0,798), para medir conocimientos adquiridos y la estabilidad de los mismos. Para evaluar la diferencia entre los grupos, a partir de la hipótesis de investigación de que, las calificaciones son más altas y diferentes en el grupo experimental, se utilizó el test t de Student, con 106 grados de libertad y un nivel de significación del 0,01. Resultados: en los exámenes de retención se encontraron evidencias estadísticas con un 1% de error, lo que permite afirmar que, el promedio de los resultados del grupo experimental es mayor que el promedio del grupo de control, con mayor estabilidad del conocimiento adquirido. Conclusiones: al emplear mapas conceptuales, el aprendizaje de Medicina de Desastres fue efectivo.

Introduction: teaching process in Cuba is a priority of state. Methods have been developed in order to gain higher standards. For this reason, it is necessary to spread knowledge about this matter. The principle of Economy of Teaching demands the student to be the main subject. Joseph Novak has opened an integration with the development of the Conceptual Maps. Objective: effectiveness of the Conceptual Maps, used as tools for learning Disasters Medicine. Method: in order to carry out an experimental investigation on teaching-learning process for Disasters Medicine, we used 110 foreign students as samples. They were chosen at random, and divided in 4 groups. They were put on experimental treatment: teaching by means of the Conceptual Maps. We practiced search hypothesis. We used a measuring instrument, Cronbach 0,798, for testing their knowledge and stability. The test showed differences among the groups. In the Experimental Group all marks were higher: 106 points of flood and 0.01 level. Results: retention exams showed 1% of error. Data confirmed the average of the results of the experimental group. It showed higher and more stable knowledge, than the control group. Conclusions: the use of Conceptual Maps made possible an effective learning of Disasters Medicine.

Effect of automatic angle measuring instrument on long-term outcome and prognosis of patients with total hip arthroplasty / 局解手术学杂志

Objective To analyze the long-term effect and prognosis of automatic angle measuring instrument in measuring anteversion angle of patients with total hip arthroplasty(THA).Methods A total of 120 patients with THA from June 2012 to January 2017 were divided into two groups by random number table,with 60 cases in each group.The anteversion angle of THA in control group was measured by CT, while the anteversion angle of THA in observation group was measured by automatic angle measuring instrument.The recovery of hip joint, score of living quality,incidence of complications before and after surgery were compared between the two groups. Results After surgery,the score of hip joint recovery in control group was lower than that in observation group,the difference was significant(P<0.05).After surgery, the scores of living quality in two groups increased compared with those before surgery,and the increased range of observation group was lar-ger,the difference was significant(P<0.05).The incidence of complications in control group was 13.33% ,which was higher than 1.67% of observation group,the difference was significant(P<0.05). Conclusion Automatic angle measuring instrument in measuring anteversion angle of THA can increase measuring accuracy,decrease the incidence of complications,increase living quality and promote prognosis,which is worthy of promotion in clinical application.

Inter-laboratory comparisons of measuring instruments of microwave radiation in the workplace / 中国职业医学

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the feasibility of the inter-laboratory comparison of microwave radiation measuring instruments which uses cellphone signal shielding device as standard source,and to establish inter-laboratory comparison method of microwave radiation.METHODS: The typical sampling method has been used by selecting twenty-one measuring instruments of microwave radiation from 21 occupational hygiene technical service organizations as study subjects.A cellphone signal shielding device was applied as standard source.Measurement points were measured by surveyors at a distance of 1.0 and 1.5 meter to the standard source,and the measurement results were analyzed by four robust technology and z-score evaluation method.RESULTS: Stability test showed that there was no statistical difference among the power density of standard source which were measurement at three diffluent time [(26.10 ± 0.94) vs(25.78 ± 0.27) vs(25.83 ±0.47) μW/cm~2,P>0.05].The standard source stability can also satisfy the requirement of inter-laboratory comparison.Among the 21 selected equipments,one of the 21 measuring instruments was not calibrated,one calibration certificate of the instruments was expired,and one calibration result of the instruments was unqualified.The z score of inter-laboratory(z_B) of 21 measuring instruments ranged from-1.27 to 4.85,while z score of within-laboratory(z_w) ranged from-1.42 to 2.18.One | z_B| of the instruments was above 3.00,while | z_W| was above 2.00.Comprehensive evaluation of the above results showed that only one instrument was unqualified.CONCLUSION: It is feasible that a cellphone signal shielding device could be applied as standard source.The method developed in this study can be used to understand the performance of microwave radiation instruments.

Escala Trifatorial da Identidade Social (ETIS): Evidências de sua Adequação Psicométrica / Three-Factor Scale of Social Identity: Evidence of its Psychometric Adequacy / Escala de los Tres Factores de la Identidad Social: Evidencias de su Adecuación Psicométrica

Este artigo objetivou verificar evidências psicométricas (validade e precisão) de adequação da Escala Trifatorial da Identidade social (ETIS) ao contexto profissional, realizando-se dois estudos. No Estudo 1, participaram 465 policiais militares do DF, a maioria do sexo masculino (88%), com idade média de 38,78 (DP =7,08). Eles responderam a ETIS e perguntas demográficas. A análise dos componentes principais indicou a estrutura trifatorial, cujos alfas de Cronbach foram 0,83 (centralidade), 0,82 (afeto) e 0,86 (laços). No Estudo 2, participaram 451 policiais militares do DF, a maioria do sexo masculino (88,7%), com idade média de 39,25 (DP = 6,73). Testou-se a estrutura trifatorial por meio de análise fatorial confirmatória. Os indicadores de ajuste foram satisfatórios (Χ2/gl = 2,67; CFI = 0,98; GFI = 0,98; RMSEA = 0,061). A confiabilidade, medida pelo Rho de Jöreskog, mostrou-se adequada, sendo 0,87 (centralidade), 0,87 (afeto) e 0,91 (laços). Os indicadores do estudo exploratório e confirmatório demonstraram adequações psicométricas satisfatórias. Por fim, a ETIS mostrou validade convergente e discriminante para o contexto profissional.(AU)

The objective of this study was to verify empirical evidence of the psychometric (validity and reliability) adequacy of the Three- Factor Scale of Social Identity (ETIS), based on two studies. The sample in study 1 was composed by 465 military policemen from the Brazilian Federal District, 88% male, with mean age of 38.78 years (SD=7.08). They filled the questionnaire with the ETIS and demographic questions. Using a Principal Components Analysis, a three-factor structure was observed, with Cronbach's alphas of 0.83 (centrality), 0.82 (affect) and 0.86 (ties). The sample in study 2 was composed by 451 military policemen from the Brazilian Federal District, 88.7% male with a mean age of 39.25 years (SD=6.73). The three-factor structure was tested through Confirmatory Factor Analysis. The adjustment indexes were satisfactory (Χ2/g.l.=2.67; CFI=0.98; GFI=0.98; RMSEA=0.061). Reliability, measured by Jöreskog's Rho, was adequate, being 0.87 (centrality), 0.87 (affect), and 0.91 (ties). The indicators of the exploratory and confirmatory study demonstrated satisfactory psychometric adequacy. Finally, ETIS showed convergent and discriminant validity for the professional context.(AU)

El objetivo de este artículo fue verificar evidencias psicométricas de adecuación (validez y precisión) en la Escala de Tres Factores de Identidad Social (ETIS), llevándose a cabo dos estudios. En el primer estudio participaron 465 policías militares del Distrito Federal, la mayoría de sexo masculino (88%) con edad media de 38,78 (DP = 7,08). Ellos respondieron la ETIS y preguntas demográficas. El análisis de los componentes principales indicó la estructura tri-factorial, cuya alfa de Cronbach fue 0,83 (centralidad), 0,82 (afecto) y 0,86 (lazos). En el segundo estudio participaron 451 policías militares del Distrito Federal, 88,7% hombres, con edad media de 39,25 (DP = 6,73). Se comprobó la estructura tri-factorial por medio de análisis factorial confirmatorio. Los indicadores de ajuste fueron satisfactorios (Χ2 / g.l. = 2,67; CFI = 0,98; GFI = 0,98; RMSEA = 0,061). La confiabilidad, medida por Rho Jöreskog, fue adecuada, siendo 0,87 (centralidad), 0,87 (afecto) y 0,91 (lazos). Los indicadores del estudio exploratorio y confirmatorio demostraron adecuaciones psicométricas satisfactorias. Por último, la ETIS mostró validez convergente y discriminante para el contexto profesional.(AU)

Design of electronic measuring instrument for height and weight / 医疗卫生装备

Objective To design an electronic measuring instrument for height and weight.Methods The instrument detected the height with the principle of ultrasonic ranging and the weight with precision-balance-beam-like pressure sensor,which was composed of a weighing scale and a height measuring apparatus.The weighing scale consisted of a base,a weighing pedal and a holding chamber containing a drive motor,a towel cavity,a towel roller and a recovery roller.The height measuring apparatus was made up of a body,a connector,a multi-function expansion platform,an ultrasound measuring instrument,control knobs and a digital speech broadcast display.Results The measuring instrument shortened the examination time consumed,eliminated the hidden risks for cross infection and decreased the work load of medical staffs.Conclusion The instrument behaves well in design,convenience and accuracy,and thus is worthy promoting practically.

Design of electronic measuring instrument for height and weight / 医疗卫生装备

Objective To design an electronic measuring instrument for height and weight.Methods The instrument detected the height with the principle of ultrasonic ranging and the weight with precision-balance-beam-like pressure sensor,which was composed of a weighing scale and a height measuring apparatus.The weighing scale consisted of a base,a weighing pedal and a holding chamber containing a drive motor,a towel cavity,a towel roller and a recovery roller.The height measuring apparatus was made up of a body,a connector,a multi-function expansion platform,an ultrasound measuring instrument,control knobs and a digital speech broadcast display.Results The measuring instrument shortened the examination time consumed,eliminated the hidden risks for cross infection and decreased the work load of medical staffs.Conclusion The instrument behaves well in design,convenience and accuracy,and thus is worthy promoting practically.

La madurez ambiental como estrategia para la competitividad en las pymes de salud / Environmental maturity as a strategy for SME competitiveness in health sector

Resumen Objetivo: Se desarrolló un cuadro de mando integral de gestión ambiental para el fortalecimiento competitivo de las pequeñas y medianas empresas -PYME- del sector salud, partiendo de los resultados que arrojó la aplicación de un modelo de madurez ambiental y la caracterización ambiental de las IPS participantes. Materiales y métodos: Para esto se aplicó un instrumento de medición ambiental a 41 empresas del sector salud de la ciudad de Montería (Córdoba, Colombia) seleccionadas aleatoriamente; este instrumento fue diseñado con validez de contenido y constructo, teniendo en cuenta las variables ambientales empresariales propuestas por Wee-Quazi; para el análisis de confiabilidad se utilizó el coeficiente alfa de Cronbach. Resultados: Se definió la agrupación óptima de las empresas objeto de estudio por características comunes a través del método multivariable análisis de clúster y se hallaron 8 grupos de semejanzas entre ellas. Conclusiones: El modelo que mide la madurez de los sistemas de gestión ambiental obtuvo un alfa de Cronbach de 99,3 %, lo que permite verificar su confiabilidad para que las IPS analizadas conozcan qué aspectos son los más relevantes al llevar a cabo buenas prácticas ambientales.

Abstract Objective: A scorecard of environmental management was developed for competitive strengthening of Small and Medium Enterprises -SMEs- in the health sector, building on the results that showed the application of a maturity environmental model and environmental characterization of the IPS participants. Materials and methods: For this, it applied an environmental measuring instrument 41 companies in the health sector of the city of Monteria (Córdoba, Colombia) randomly selected, this instrument was designed with content and construct validity, considering corporate environmental variables proposed by Wee - Quazi, for analysis reliability was used Cronbach 's alpha coefficient. Results: It defined optimal clustering of firms studied by common features through cluster method of multivariate analysis and found 8 groups of similarities between them. Conclusions: The model measures the maturity of environmental management systems obtained a Cronbach 's alpha of 99.3 %, which verifies its reliability for the analyzed IPS know what aspects are most relevant to implementing good environmental practices.

Inter-laboratory comparisons of measuring instruments for power frequency electromagnetic fields in the workplace / 中国职业医学

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the major influence factors affecting the quality and accuracy of measuring instruments for power frequency electromagnetic fields in occupational hygiene technical service organizations by developing interlaboratory comparison in workplaces. METHODS: Six measuring instruments for power electromagnetic fields from 6occupational hygiene technical service organizations in Guangdong Province were selected by typical sampling method. A high-voltage substation was selected as a standard source. We set measurement sites underneath it as inter-laboratory comparison spots for power frequency electromagnetic fields. The stability of the standard source was evaluated by pairedsamples t-test and measure results were analyzed by z-score evaluation method based on quartile robust statistical technology. RESULTS: During and after the inter-laboratory comparison,the intensity of electric field and magnetic field of the standard source showed no significant difference [( 555. 03 ± 2. 94) vs( 555. 68 ± 3. 20) V / m,( 2. 30 ± 0. 06) vs( 2. 29 ± 0. 07) μT,P > 0. 05],which met the demand of stability of inter-laboratory comparison. The data of electric field measured by 2 measuring instruments without remote-reading system were found to be high because of proximity effect from its handheld status. The z-score of inter-laboratory( zB) of other 4 measuring instruments with remote-reading system ranged from- 0. 52 to 1. 10,while the z-score of within-laboratory( zW) ranged from- 1. 28 to 0. 37,and both results of| zB| and | zW| were satisfactory( < 2. 00). The zBof power frequency magnetic field measured by the 6 measuring instruments ranged from- 0. 67 to 1. 26,while zWranged from- 0. 59 to 0. 90,and both | zB| and | zW| were also satisfactory( < 2. 00). CONCLUSION: It is feasible that the inter-laboratory comparison of measuring instruments of power frequency electromagnetic fields could be implemented by a high-voltage substation as a standard source. The measuring instruments without remote-reading system could be used to measure the intensity of magnetic field but not the electric field. The measuring instruments with remote-reading system could be used to measure the intensity of either the electric field or the magnetic field,and the measurement results are satisfactory.

Instrumento para medir la calidad de atencion en donantes de sangre que acuden a colectas móviles / Measuring instrument for the quality of care to blood donors going to mobile blood collections

Las colectas móviles en puntos específicos para recolectar sangre previa, promoción, son una forma de obtener la donación voluntaria y una vía eficaz de reclutamiento y fidelidad de donantes. Se presenta un instrumento tipo encuesta de opinión para medir la calidad de la atención en donantes de sangre que asisten a colectas móviles. Se construyó el instrumento que considera variados atributos del servicio. Se validó a través del juicio de expertos y prueba piloto. Se aplicó a donantes atendidos en colectas móviles realizadas por el Centro Productivo Regional de Sangre del Maule, Chile. Del análisis de las distintas dimensiones medidas, trato personal corresponde a la mejor evaluada. En otras dimensiones se destaca competencia profesional, como la segunda mejor evaluada. Contar con un instrumento validado permite determinar niveles de calidad de la atención, conocer problemas que deben ser objeto de seguimiento, proponer acciones de mejora y evaluar su evolución, con el propósito de lograr donantes fieles

The mobile blood collection at specific sites after the promotion of this activity is a way of obtaining voluntary donations and an effective way of recruitment of loyal donors. An opinion survey-type instrument to measure the quality of care to blood donors who go to mobile blood collection activities was presented. This instrument took into account several service attributes; it was validated on the basis of expert criteria and pilot tests. It was applied to donors seen in mobile blood collection activities that are carried out by the Regional Productive Center of Blood in Maule, Chile. From the analysis of the various dimensions, the personal treatment was the best evaluated one. Similarly, professional competency was the second best evaluated. Having one validated instrument in place allows determining the levels of quality of care, knowing the problems to be followed-up, suggesting actions for improvement and evaluating their evolution. The above-mentioned is aimed at having loyal donors

Effects of the Pain Level Memory Device on cancer pain management

<b>Objective</b>: The Pain Level Memory Device (PLMD) is an instrument which patients can use to record their subjective level of pain. The usefulness of the PLMD on both medical staffs in managing cancer pain and the independence of patients were examined in this study. <b>Method</b>: Ten participants, inpatients at Nagoya University Hospital prescribed opioid drugs for cancer pain, were selected and asked to input any change in their pain level into the PLMD for a 14 day period between February and April 2005. A graph of the resulting data was printed and given to both the patient and medical staffs. And a questionnaire evaluating their experience with the PLMD was developed and administered to both. Relationships between the frequency of use of the PLMD and item-scores on the questionnaire were investigated. <b>Results</b>: The median number of inputs into the PLMD was 4.5 (range: 0.5-11) per day. High usage of the PLMD and each high score for the questionnaire items "The PLMD helped assessment of pain (p<.05)" and "The patients satisfaction with pain control improved (p<.05)" were strongly correlated. Spearman's rank correlation coefficient showed a relationship between the median number of inputs and the questionnaire items, "I used the PLMD whenever I intended to (r=.80, p<.01)", ""I saw graphs (r=.78, p<.01)", "I discussed graphs with my doctor (r=.70, p<.05)", "I felt that I participated in my pain management (r=.82, p<.01)", and "I would recommend the PLMD to other patients (r=.80, p<.01)". <b>Conclusion</b>: These results suggested that the PLMD could assist medical staff in the control of cancer pain and support the independence of patients.

Trial test of the "Itamikei", a pain meter and its ease of operation for clinical practice

The purpose of this study was to develop the "Itamikei", a small machine which records the subjective level of pain between 0-10. In addition to testing it's ease of operation and usefulness in the clinical practice environment. The "Itamikei" is 23 cm x 6 cm x 2 cm. It weighs 160 grams. It has 11 buttons, relating to the 0-10 Numeric Rating Scale (NRS). Each time a button is pushed the level of pain is recorded, along with the time and date. Later, this data can be transferred to computer displayed graphically showing the patient's subjective level of pain. This research was a case study for using the "Itamikei". One in-patient at the university hospital who had cancer pain was asked to use the "Itamikei" for 14 days. A graph was printed out and given to both the patient and the medical staff. <BR>The results suggest the following: <BR>1. Using the 0-10 NRS the patient could easily express her level of pain. <BR>2. Because the "Itamikei" was easy to operate, the patient found no difficulty in entering her level of pain. <BR>3. In graph form the daily transition in pain levels can be easily analyzed, and a program for managing pain can be prepare.

Development of the General Module for the System of Quality of Life Instruments for Patients with Chronic Disease: Items selection and structure of the general module / 中国心理卫生杂志

Objective: To develop a general module of self-administered quality of life instrument for Chinese patients with chronic disease. Methods: Using the structured group (nominal group and focus group) methods and the qualitative and quantitative theory and methodology in developing rating scales Items were preliminary screened, evaluated and modified, and the QoL data measuring from 201 cases of patients of 8 different chronic diseases were analyzed by the methods of coefficient of variation?factor analysis, clustering analysis and correlation analysis. Result: General module of quality of life instrument for patients with chronic disease (QLICD-GM) was developed and evaluated. It consists of three domains: physical function, psychological function and social function, 32 items. Conclusions: QLICD-GM possessed a reasonable good content validity for it reflect WHO 's definition and connotation of QoL, and also common issues of patients with chronic disease.