O que é autoestima para os analistas do comportamento? Uma revisão sistemática / What is self-esteem for behavioral analysts? A systematic review

A autoestima é um termo muito utilizado pelas pessoas no senso comum, mas ainda são necessários mais estudos para entendê-lo sob o ponto de vista comportamental. O objetivo deste estudo foi realizar uma revisão de textos da Análise do Comportamento a respeito de autoestima. Foi realizada uma busca em três fontes diferentes: periódicos exclusivos de Análise do Comportamento; as coleções de livros Sobre Comportamento e Cognição e Comportamento em Foco; e na Scielo. No total, 16 textos preencheram os critérios, que eram a) ter a palavra "autoestima" no título b) ser um texto da Análise do Comportamento. Foram discutidas as definições de autoestima utilizadas, os participantes dos estudos, os estímulos usados em testes de medida implícita e os principais resultados. Nenhum dos textos analisados utilizou intervenções voltadas ao aumento da autoestima. Apesar de serem textos da abordagem comportamental, muitos dos estudos utilizam apenas definições e instrumentos não comportamentais. As principais conclusões da revisão foram: 1) ainda existem poucos estudos sobre autoestima na Análise do Comportamento; 2) ainda não existe uma definição comportamental bem construída, especialmente na literatura internacional.

Self-esteem is a term that is widely used in common sense, but more studies are still needed to understand it from a behavioral point of view. The objective of this study was to carry out a review of Behavior Analysis papers regarding self-esteem. A search was conducted in three different sources: Behavior Analysis journals; the book collections Sobre Comportamento e Cognição and Comportamento em Foco; and on Scielo. In total, 16 texts met the criteria, which were a) having the word "self-esteem" in the title and b) being a Behavior Analysis text. We discuss the definitions of self-esteem used, the participants in the studies, the stimuli used in the implicit measurement tests and the main results. None of the analyzed texts used interventions aimed to increase self-esteem. Even though they are texts of the behavioral approach, many of the studies only use non-behavioral definitions and instruments. The main conclusions of the review were: 1) there are still few studies on self-esteem in Behavior Analysis; 2) there is still no well-constructed behavioral definition, especially in international literature.

Adaptación lingüística y psicométrica del Cuestionario de Estilos Atributivos Académicos (EAT-A) / Linguistic and psychometric adaptation of the Academic Attributional Style Questionnaire (EAT-A)

Resumen Antecedentes las atribuciones que los estudiantes hacen de sus resultados académicos pueden impactar en su rendimiento académico. Sin embargo, la medición de las atribuciones en este ámbito con frecuencia carece de evidencias de validez y confiabilidad. Objetivos: analizar la estructura factorial, validez convergente y confiabilidad de la adaptación para estudiantes mexicanos del Cuestionario de Estilos Atributivos Académicos (EAT-A). Método: participaron 557 estudiantes de ambos sexos, entre 15 y 19 años, de la Ciudad de México. Mediante el análisis factorial confirmatorio se sometió a prueba una estructura del EATA con siete factores y otra con cuatro que no distingue las atribuciones de éxito y fracaso. Se analizó la validez convergente, la consistencia interna y la confiabilidad compuesta del instrumento. Resultados: solo la estructura con siete factores presentó ajuste adecuado, con los índices RMSEA = .046; SRMR = .053; CFI = .961; TLI = .952 y χ²/gl = 2.72. El EAT-A muestra evidencias de validez convergente con la motivación de logro y de confiabilidad. Conclusión: El EAT-A se muestra como un instrumento de medida breve y fácil aplicación que dispone de evidencias de validez y estimación de confiabilidad para examinar las atribuciones que los estudiantes hacen de sus calificaciones.

Abstract Background Students' attributions of their grades may affect their academic performance. However, lack of evidence supporting the validity and reliability of the instruments measuring attribution is a major concern. Objective: To analyze the factor structure, convergent validity and reliability of the Academic Attributional Style Questionnaire adapted to Mexican high school students (EAT-A). Method: The sample consisted of 557 Mexico City students of both sexes aged between 15 and 19. Using a confirmatory factor analysis for both success and failure attributions, a 7-factor structure and a 4-factor structure of the EAT-A were tested. The instrument's convergent validity, internal consistency and reliability were examined. Results: Only the 7-factor structure showed adequate fit indices: RMSEA = .046; SRMR = .053; CFI = .961; TLI = .952 and χ²/gl = 2.72. In addition, the EAT-A evidenced convergent validity concerning success and reliability motivation. Conclusion: The EAT-A is a quick- and easyto- administer instrument for measuring students' attributions of their grades in a reliable and valid manner.

Escala de Eficácia Docente para Práticas Inclusivas: Validação da Teacher Efficacy for Inclusive Practices (TEIP) Scale / Teacher Efficacy for Inclusive Practices (TEIP) Scale Validation

RESUMO: O objetivo desta pesquisa foi analisar as propriedades psicométricas da versão brasileira da Teacher Efficacy for Inclusive Practices (TEIP) Scale. A versão traduzida e adaptada à cultura brasileira denomina-se Escala de Eficácia Docente para Práticas Inclusivas (EEDPI) e foi aplicada a uma amostra de 308 professores de Educação Infantil e Ensino Fundamental I e II, no interior do estado de Mato Grosso do Sul. A Análise Fatorial Exploratória evidenciou que suas propriedades psicométricas são adequadas, bem como a existência de dois fatores, nomeados "Regência em sala de aula" e "Planejamento e colaboração". A mesma amostra também respondeu à Escala de autoeficácia de professores: versão breve, considerada "padrão-ouro", a fim de avaliarmos o grau de eficácia da EEDPI em medir o que se propõe, a partir da relação com um critério externo. A Análise de Correlação de Spearman revelou a existência de uma correlação positiva entre as subescalas dos instrumentos, oscilando entre moderada e forte. A EEDPI ainda apresenta boa consistência interna (coeficientes de Alfa de Cronbach 0,89, 0,88 e 0,92) e mostra-se um instrumento que pode auxiliar na avaliação e no acompanhamento da autoeficácia docente diante da inclusão e na proposição das intervenções oportunas.

ABSTRACT: The purpose of this research was to analyze the psychometric properties of the Brazilian version of Teacher Efficacy for Inclusive Practices (TEIP) Scale. The version translated and adapted to Brazilian culture is called Escala de Eficácia Docente para Práticas Inclusivas (EEDPI) and was applied to a sample of 308 teachers of Early Childhood Education and Elementary Education I and II, in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul. The Factorial Exploratory Analysis showed that its psychometric properties are adequate, as well as the existence of two factors, named "Classroom management" and "Planning and collaboration". The same sample also responded to the Teacher self-efficacy Scale: short version, considered "gold standard", in order to evaluate the efficacy of the EEDPI in measuring what it proposes, based on the relation with an external criterion. Spearman's Correlation Analysis revealed the existence of a positive correlation between the subscales of the instruments, ranging from moderate to strong. The EEDPI still presents good internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha coefficients 0.89, 0.88 and 0.92) and it is an instrument that can aid in the evaluation and monitoring of teacher self-efficacy in view of the inclusion and proposition of the appropriate interventions.

Analysis of inter-laboratory comparison results of noise measuring instruments / 中国职业医学

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the interlaboratory comparison results of noise measuring instruments in the occupational hygiene technical service institutions. METHODS: The basic performance data, multi-frequency acoustic calibration measurement results and simulated workplace noise at fixed points of 60 noise measuring instruments were collected. The instruments were from 60 occupational health technical service institutions who participate in the inter-laboratory comparison study in noise measuring instruments. The results of the measurements were analyzed using quartile robust statistical technology and z score evaluation method.RESULTS: All 60 participating comparison noise measuring instruments were examined or calibrated, and 58 instruments(96.7%) were used within the term of validity of examination or calibration. The 58 instruments were tested by multi-frequency noise calibration measurement. The comparative passing rate of the instrument accuracy was 94.8%(55/58); and the linearity test passing rate was 87.9%(51/58). There were 59 instruments participated in the simulated workplace noise at fixed points. The z-score pass rate of the two comparison measurement points was 89.8%(53/58). A total of 57 enterprises participated all the instrument performance comparison tests, with a pass rate of 94.7%(54/57). CONCLUSION: Performance of noise measuring instruments from the occupational hygiene technical service institutions is generally good. However, there are a small number of instruments have poor accuracy and linearity, and there are measurement bias that require improvement.

Salud bucodental relacionada a la calidad de vida: revisión crítica de los instrumentos de medición / Oral health related quality of life: a critical review of measuring instruments

Un creciente reconocimiento de la importancia de la calidad de vida en odontología ha llevado al desarrollo de varios instrumentos para medir su relación con la salud bucodental. Saber por qué y de qué manera la salud bucodental afecta la calidad de vida de las personas es relevante para la práctica, la investigación y la enseñanza en odontología. El objetivo de esta revisión bibliográfica fue actualizar los conocimientos sobre las características generales y sicométricas de los instrumentos para medir la calidad de vida relacionada a la salud bucodental que surgieron posterior a la publicación en 1997 de los resultados de la conferencia "Measuring oral health and quality of life”. Se realizó una búsqueda bibliográfica para identificar publicaciones aparecidas de enero de 1998 a junio del 2011, utilizando las bases de datos MEDLINE y GOOGLE académico. Se establecieron criterios específicos, basados en marcos de referencia internacionales, para la inclusión, la recolección y el análisis de las propiedades generales y sicométricas de los instrumentos. Se identificaron 233 artículos de los cuales 10 cumplían con todos los criterios predeterminados y finalmente quedaron 9 porque uno de ellos se encontraba repetido. Todas las publicaciones fueron encontradas en lengua inglesa. Todos los instrumentos fueron multidimensionales, presentaron propiedades sicométricas adecuadas y la mayoría de ellos tomó como base a otros instrumentos de medición previos y a la clasificación de deficiencias y discapacidades. Se concluye que es necesario avanzar en la medición de salud bucodental relacionada a la calidad de vida para el contexto y las características de la población de América Latina ya que sólo se cuenta con publicaciones anglosajonas.

There is growing recognition of the importance of oral health-related quality of life.This has given rise to the development of various instruments to measure therelationship between quality of life and oral health. Understanding why and how oralhealth affects quality of life is highly relevant to the research, teaching and practice ofprofessional dentistry. The objective of this literature review was to update theknowledge about the general and psychometric characteristics of instruments tomeasure quality of life related to oral health that emerged after the publication in 1997of the results of the conference "Measuring oral health and quality of life”. We conducted a literature review using MEDLINE and GOOGLE Scholar databases to identifypublications that appeared between January, 1998 and June, 2011. We used commoninternational frames of reference to establish specific search criteria for the inclusion,collection, and analysis of the general and psychometric properties of the instruments.We identified 233 articles, ten of which met all the established criteria. Ultimately wereduced this number to nine because one of the articles was a duplicate. All identifiedarticles were in English. All instruments identified through the literature review weremultidimensional and had adequate psychometrtic properties. The majority ofinstruments was based on prior measurement tools and the classification of impairmentsand disabilities. We conclude that to advance the measurement of oral health-relatedquality of life, the specific context and characteristics of the Latin American populationshould be taken into account. So far, this topic has only been addressed in Englishlanguage publications.

Perspectivas conceituais e instrumentos para avaliação de funcionalidade em pacientes com esquizofrenia / Conceptual perspectives and instruments for functional evaluation in patients with schizophrenia / Perspectivas conceptuales e instrumentos de evaluación de funcionalidad en pacientes con esquizofrenia

Pacientes diagnosticados com esquizofrenia apresentam déficits variados e podem necessitar de cuidados e acompanhamento constantes. Entender os aspectos da funcionalidade desses pacientes torna-se essencial para compreender o transtorno de forma mais completa. Para isso, é necessário identificar as perspectivas conceituais de funcionalidade e verificar os instrumentos disponíveis para avaliar esse fenômeno. Foi realizada uma revisão integrativa em artigos científicos nas línguas portuguesa e inglesa. Em relação às perspectivas conceituais, os resultados apontaram aspectos cognitivos e sintomas negativos enquanto variáveis preditoras da funcionalidade, e os aspectos constituintes do construto funcionalidade foram sintetizados em um modelo composto por dois domínios: objetivo e subjetivo. Foram encontrados 43 instrumentos utilizados para avaliar a funcionalidade em pacientes com esquizofrenia. Desses, 36 instrumentos, apesar de terem sido utilizados em pacientes com esquizofrenia, não eram específicos para esse contexto. Sugere-se que instrumentos sejam desenvolvidos e adaptados para o contexto dos pacientes com esquizofrenia levando em consideração o conhecimento e perspectivas conceituais já existentes na área. (AU)

Patients diagnosed with schizophrenia present varied deficits and may require constant care and company. Understanding the functional aspects of these patients becomes essential to understanding the disorder more fully. For this, the conceptual perspectives of functionality must be identified, and the instruments available to evaluate this phenomenon must be verified. An integrative review was conducted on scientific articles in Portuguese and English. Regarding the conceptual perspectives, the results pointed out cognitive aspects and negative symptoms as variables predicting functionality, and the constituent aspects of the construct functionality were synthesized in a model composed of two domains: objective and subjective. We found 43 instruments used to evaluate functionality in patients with schizophrenia. Of these, 36 instruments, although they were used in patients with schizophrenia, were not specific to this context. It is suggested that instruments be developed and adapted to the context of patients with schizophrenia taking into account the knowledge and conceptual perspectives already existing in the area. (AU)

Pacientes con diagnóstico de esquizofrenia presentan déficit variable y pueden requerir cuidado y acompañamiento constante. Es fundamental entender los aspectos de funcionalidad de esos pacientes para poder comprender el transtorno de esquizofrenia de forma más completa. Se necesitan identificar las perspectivas conceptuales de funcionalidad y verificar los instrumentos disponibles para evaluar ese fenómeno. Con este objetivo, fue realizada una revisión integrativa de artículos científicos en el idioma portugués e inglés. En cuanto a las perspectivas conceptuales, los resultados señalaron aspectos cognitivos y síntomas negativos, mientras que variables predictoras de la funcionalidad, y los aspectos que constituyen el constructo de funcionalidad, fueron sintetizados en un modelo compuesto por dos dominios: objetivo y subjetivo. Se encontraron 43 instrumentos utilizados para evaluar la funcionalidad en pacientes con esquizofrenia. Entre los instrumentos encontrados, 36 a pesar de haber sido utilizados en pacientes con esa enfermedad, no eran específicos para ese contexto. Se sugiere que los instrumentos deben desarrollarse y adaptarse al contexto de los pacientes con esquizofrenia teniendo en cuenta el conocimiento y las perspectivas conceptuales existentes en la literatura. (AU)

Escala de autoeficácia no aconselhamento de carreira: adaptação e evidências de validade / Career Counseling Self-Efficacy Scale (CCSES): Adaptation and validity evidences / Escala de Autoeficacia de Consejería de Carrera: adaptación y evidencias de validez

Esta pesquisa teve por objetivo adaptar e obter evidências de validade para a escala de autoeficácia no aconselhamento de carreira (Career Counseling Self-Efficacy Scale – CCSES) para uso em contexto brasileiro. Participaram deste estudo 126 orientadores profissionais, de ambos os sexos, das cinco regiões do país. O processo de adaptação e validação foi realizado em duas etapas: validação de conteúdo e validação fatorial. Os resultados obtidos permitem concluir que os procedimentos de análise adotados comprovam parcialmente a estrutura teórica do instrumento original, com quatro dimensões. Os indicadores de fidedignidade foram satisfatórios, tanto para a escala total quanto para as subescalas. A escala adaptada é mais condensada que a original, sendo composta por 19 itens. A versão brasileira da CCSES mostrou indicadores psicométricos adequados, e pode ser utilizada em diagnóstico da autoeficácia no aconselhamento de carreira e em futuras pesquisas com orientadores profissionais brasileiros...

This study aimed to adapt and obtain validity evidence for use of the Career Counseling Self-Efficacy Scale (CCSES) in Brazil. One hundred twenty-six career counselors participated in the study, of both sexes, from five regions of Brazil. The adaptation and validation process was performed in two stages: content validation and factorial validity. The results indicated that the adopted analytical procedures partially confirm the theoretical structure of the original instrument, with four dimensions. The reliability indicators were satisfactory for both the total scale and for the subscales. The adapted scale is more condensed than the original, consisting of 19 items. Thus, the Brazilian version of the CCSES proved to be psychometrically suitable for use as a diagnostic tool for career counseling self-efficacy and in future research with career counselors in Brazil...

El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo adaptar y obtener evidencias de validez para de la Escala de Autoeficacia en Consejería de Carrera (EAAC) para su uso en el contexto brasileño. En el estudio participaron 126 consejeros profesionales, de ambos sexos, de las cinco regiones del país. El proceso de adaptación y validación se llevó a cabo en dos etapas: la validación del contenido y validez factorial. Los resultados de este estudio muestran que los procedimientos analíticos adoptados demuestran la estructura teórica del instrumento original, con cuatro dimensiones. Los indicadores del fiabilidad fueron satisfactorios tanto para la escala total y las subescalas, pero la escala validada en Brasil es más condensada que la original, que consta de 19 artículos. La versión brasileña de la EEAC, demostró psicométricamente adecuados para su uso como una herramienta de diagnóstico de la auto-eficacia en la orientación profesional y la investigación futura con mentores profesionales...

Investigate hospital quality and safety of medical equipment management indicators / 中国医学装备

Objective:Preparations level by hospital accreditation and discussion hospital medical equipment quality and safety management indicators. Methods:Ministry of health, three general hospital accreditation standards implementing rules (2011 edition)(thejudging criteria) on hospital quality and safety of medical equipment management requirements research. Results:Establish five indicators hospital medical equipment quality and safety management, include adverse event monitoring indicators, strong inspection of measuring instruments management indicators, the use of personnel training management indicators, emergency life support equipment management class indicators, single-use sterile medical supplies and equipment management indicators. Conclusion:Proposed hospital quality and safety of medical equipment management indicators help to ensure the quality and safety of medical equipment, to provide a reference by exploring management indicators for the quality and safety management of medical equipment.

Measurement of the photoeffect cross section and the K-absorption edge energy of Dy, Ta, Pt and Au atoms using Bremsstrahlung / Medición de la sección eficaz de fotoefecto y de la energía del borde de absorción K de los átomos Dy, Ta, Pt y Au utilizando radiación de frenado

An experimental setup to determine the K-shell photoelectric cross-section of Dy, Ta, Pt and Au atoms was implemented at the Nuclear Analytical Laboratory (LAN) of the InSTEC. Bremsstrahlung photons, produced by - beta particles hitting a thin Ni converter, were used to irradiate the target under study. A HPGe detector, coupled to standard nuclear instrumentation, collected the incident and transmitted spectra. A sharp decrease in intensity at the K-shell binding energy was observed in the transmitted spectra. The photon beam divergence effects were corrected with a calibration curve calculated with Monte Carlo simulations (MCNPX 2.6). In order to establish accurately the cross section at the K-edge energy, the obtained data was processed by two methods: fitting the total cross section to a sigmoidal function, as well as the cross section branches around the K-edge to the empirical law . The Empirical Law method was introduced in this work to minimize the detector resolution effects. The results were compared with experimental and theoretical values showing the best agreement when the thinner targets were used. For the first time the photoeffect cross section at the K-edge energy for Pt is reported at first time.

Se determina la sección eficaz fotoeléctrica de la capa K de los átomos Dy, Ta, Pt y Au en un arreglo experimental desarrollado en el Laboratorio Analítico Nuclear del InSTEC. Los blancos bajo estudio se irradiaron con fotones de frenado producidos en un radiador de Ni por las partículas beta emitidas por una fuente de -. Los espectros incidentes y de transmisión se colectaron en un detector de germanio hiperpuro, acoplado a su instrumentación nuclear estándar. En los espectros de transmisión se observó un decrecimiento agudo de la intensidad correspondiente a la energía del borde K. Los efectos de interacciones múltiples del haz fotónico en las láminas blanco se corrigieron a través de una curva de calibración calculada mediante simulaciones Monte Carlo (MCNPX 2.6). Con vistas a garantizar la mejor precisión en la determinación de la sección eficaz para la energía del borde K, los datos obtenidos se ajustaron según dos comportamientos funcionales en esta región: una sigmoide y una ley empírica del tipo . Este último método se introdujo en el trabajo y permite minimizar los efectos resolutivos. Los resultados obtenidos se compararon con valores teóricos y experimentales, mostrando mayor concordancia cuando se emplean blancos finos. Se reporta, por primera vez, la sección eficaz de fotoefecto en el borde K del platino (Pt).

The development of early warning system for lifecycle management of measuring instruments / 中国医学装备

Objective: To realize cycle management early warning function of measuring instruments. Methods: The software will visit the existing access log files of measuring instruments for the next test date. They are compared with the system date. Software will alarm when measurement instruments test cycle is about to expire. Results: By setting the parameters, the software can easily access the measuring equipment log files. It can effectively implement early warning function. Conclusion:Visual Basic6.0 achieved the development of this software conveniently, took up less system resources, powerful, effectively preventing the verification of measuring instruments and missed period expired to happen.

Validación del instrumento comunitario para el analisis de situacion de salud: SIS-01/ficha familiar. estado Trujillo, Venezuela. año, 2009 / Valiation of thee comunity instrument for the analysis of the healtth situation: sis-tab 01 family trujillo state, Venezuela. year, 2009

Con el propósito de estandarizar un instrumento del Sistema de Información en Salud, identificado como SIS-01/ Ficha Familiar, para su utilización en el Análisis de la Situación de Salud Comunitaria y facilitar la incorporación de información diaria generada por el personal de salud como Médicos Generales, Integrales, Cooperantes y Auxiliares de Medicina Simplificada, como parte de sus actividades extramuros; se realizo un estudio de validación que consistió en la realización de visitas y entrevistas, por parte de este equipo de salud, para el llenado del instrumento, a familias cercanas a los establecimientos de salud seleccionados en forma intencional en los Municipios Valera y Bocono del Estado Trujillo, ubicado geográficamente al occidente del país. Los resultados obtenidos fueron analizados según áreas urbana y rural, reportando el tiempo de llenado entre 38 y 39 min; que 67 y 69% del personal considera que la información solicitada es muy completa; 67 y 77% opinó que la información solicitada se entiende pero se puede mejorar y que entre 46 y 56% de las familias entrevistadas fueron receptivas para ofrecer sus respuestas. Se concluye que el instrumento validado puede ser aplicado tanto en áreas rurales como urbanas por el personal que realiza actividades a nivel comunitario para el cual fue diseñado; permitirá caracterizar las familias y comunidades según indicadores Demográficos, Socioeconómicos, Higiénico ambientales, Biológicos y de Servicios de Atención Médica y que constituye una herramienta para el ASIS Comunitario, donde podrán ser identificadas las necesidades reales y sentidas permitiendo direccionar planes de salud en base a prioridades.

In order to standardize an instrument of information system in health, identified as SIS-01/tab family, for use in the analysis of the situation of community health and facilitate the incorporation of daily information generated by health personnel such as general practitioners, integrals, cooperators and Assistant of medicine simplified, as part of its activities outside the walls; a validation study that consisted in the realization of visits and interviews from this team of health, for filling the instrument families close to health establishments selected intentionally in the municipalities Valera and Boconó of the Trujillo State, geographically located to the West of the country was conducted. The results obtained were analyzed according to urban and rural areas, reporting areas the time of filling between 38 and 39 min; 67 and 69% of staff considers that the requested information is very comprehensive; 67 and 77% believed that the requested information is understood but can be improved and that between 46 and 56% of the households surveyed were receptive to give their answers. It is concluded that the validated instrument can be applied both in rural and urban areas by personnel performing activities at the community level for which it was designed; It will characterize families and communities according to demographic, socioeconomic, environmental hygiene, biological indicators and health care services and that provides a tool for community ASIS, where needs real and heartfelt allowing addressing plans of health based on priorities may be identified.

Nuevo dosímetro de zona programable para la medición y monitoreo operacional de la radiación gamma externa / A new programmable zone dosimeter for operational monitoring and measurement of external gamma radiation

RESUMEN La detección y la medición de las radiaciones nucleares se han convertido en un importantísimo renglón en la aplicación de los detectores nucleares y específicamente los Geiger-Muller. Los tubos Geiger con una alta sensibilidad de detección, su robusta construcción y un simple circuito adjunto continúan siendo uno de los detectores más usados en todas las áreas de aplicación en la física e investigaciones nucleares. Se presenta un nuevo diseño de instrumento para medir la tasa de dosis externa ambiental de radiación gamma desde 0,05 µSv/h hasta 10 mSv/h. Consta de tres elementos fundamentales: el detector Geiger-Muller, una tarjeta electrónica de adquisición y control y el software de aplicación. El instrumento se comunica a través de una interfase USB con la computadora solo para variar y ajustar los parámetros de la calibración. El software sedesarrolló en lenguaje C utilizando el compilador PICC4.08.

ABSTRACT The detection and measurement of nuclear radiation have turn into an important aspect in the application of nuclear detectors and specifically, the Geiger Muller tubes. Endowed with high detection sensibility, robust construction and a relative simplicity of the associated circuit, the Geiger Tubes are still one of the most widely used detectors in all areas of application in physics and nuclear research. A new design of the instrument enables measurements of the environmental external dose rate of g (gamma) radiation from 0.05 µSv/h to 10 mSv/h. It consists of three elements: Geiger-Muller detector, a data acquisition and control card and the application software. The instrument is connected to the computer through a USB interface only to vary and adjust the calibration parameters. The software was developed in C programming language using the PICC4.08 compiler.