Performance Estimation of Grid Connected Photovoltaic Systems in Different Regions in Paraná

Abstract The obtaining of electric energy from solar energy through photovoltaic systems shows great growth due to the solar potential present in the Brazilian territory. In the State of Paraná, studies are recurrent in public and private sectors on the development and performance of this technology. The installation and commissioning processes of photovoltaic plants are linked to the expectation of energy generation and the performance of the system through the figures of merit. The feasibility of the project can be confirmed when the results of these parameters are satisfactory and correspond to averages obtained from already consolidated surveys. The six photovoltaic systems implemented at the Federal Technological University of Paraná have expectations of generation and performance consistent with those of previous studies and will contribute to scientific advancement on the behavior of systems with different technologies located in different regions in the state.

Study of the Potential of Photovoltaic Microgeneration and Minigeneration from the Grid-Connected Photovoltaic Systems Installed at UTFPR Curitiba Campus

Abstract: Humanity is increasingly dependent on energy, which demand grows every year. Renewable energy sources are consolidated alternatives in the market, previously installed on a small scale but now thought as large plants. The correct operation, taking full advantage of the generation potential, depends on studies of the place of implantation, such as radiation levels, temperature, latitude, etc. Two photovoltaic systems installed in the city of Curitiba were studied in order to monitor their respective performances through figures of merit.

Dr. Cs. Félix Alberto Companioni Landín, ejemplo de investigador y profesor en la Estomatología cubana

El Dr. Félix Alberto A. Companioni Landín, Doctor en Ciencias, es un indiscutible ejemplo para todos los docentes y profesionales de la Estomatología cubana. El objetivo de esta semblanza es divulgar los principales aspectos de su trayectoria profesional, docente y científica. Para su confección se utilizaron como fuentes más importantes: el curriculum vitae del profesor y una entrevista realizada a él. Después de graduarse de enfermero, ingresó a la Carrera de Estomatología, y se convirtió en profesor de Anatomía Humana y un ferviente investigador; obtuvo el título de Doctor en Ciencias Específicas en 1975 y el de Doctor en Ciencias con su investigación y libro Contribución a la Historia de la Estomatología Cubana. Es autor además de varios libros de textos para la carrera de Estomatología y artículos científicos con los resultados de sus investigaciones. Le fue otorgado el Premio al Mérito Científico por la obra de toda la vida en la XLII edición del Concurso Premio Anual de la Salud en 2017. Companioni Landín es una personalidad dentro de la Estomatología cubana, ejemplo de profesor e investigador, con una destacada actividad científica no solo en su especialidad, la Anatomía Humana, sino también en la Historia de la Estomatología, que lo han hecho acreedor de ser el primer estomatólogo que en el período revolucionario ocupe un lugar como Académico de Honor en la Academia de Ciencias de Cuba.

Félix Alberto Companioni Landín, PhD, is a Doctor of Philosophy and an unquestionable example for all teachers and professionals of Cuban Dentistry. The main objective of this life history is to spread information about his professional career as a professor, teacher, and researcher. The most important sources of information used to write this article were his curriculum vitae and an interview made to him. After graduating as a nurse, he began the studies of Dentistry, and he later became a professor of Human Anatomy and an enthusiastic researcher. He graduated as Doctor in Specific Sciences in 1975, and Doctor of Philosophy with the presentation of his book and research named Contribución a la Historia de la Estomatología Cubana. He is also author of several textbooks and scientific articles, which were written especially for the studies of Dentistry. He received the Scientific Merit Award for all his life´s work in the 42nd edition of the Annual Health Prize of Public Health. Companioni Landín is a personality in the field of Cuban Dentistry, and an example of professor and researcher, with a notorious scientific activity not only in his specialty (Human Anatomy), but also in the History of Dentistry. He earned the merit of being the first dentist who, during the revolutionary period, hold a place as Honorary Academician of the Academy of Sciences of Cuba.

Comparison of the Performance of the Grid- Connected Photovoltaic System Installed In the Brazilian Cities: Blumenau - SC and Curitiba- PR

ABSTRACT This is a study that contemplates the analysis of the main characteristics of 8 grid connected photovoltaic systems (GCPVS), 3 of which are located in the city of Curitiba-PR and 5 located in the city of Blumenau-SC. Data were collected on irradiation in the horizontal plane, generated energy and rainfall, being the first two to calculate the merit indexes, such as Yield, Performance Ratio and Capacity Factor - of those on grid connected Photovoltaic systems.

Ajudar o próximo ou ser recompensado?: comportamento distributivo infantil em situações envolvendo mérito e altruísmo / To help your neighbor or being rewarded?: children's sharing behavior in situations involving merit and altruism / Ajudar el próximo o ser recompensado?: comportamiento distributivo infantil en situaciones envolvendo mérito y altruísmo

Crianças usam diferentes princípios para partilhar bens, a depender de suas idades e das informações disponíveis no contexto de distribuição, com uma tendência ao igualitarismo e altruísmo maiores à medida que suas idades avançam. No presente estudo o comportamento distributivo infantil foi avaliado em uma situação experimental na qual questões envolvendo o mérito pessoal e o cuidado com o próximo eram manipuladas. Foi utilizado um jogo computacional no qual a criança nomeava animais e podia decidir como a recompensa deveria ser dividida entre ela e seu adversário. Foi observado que as crianças entre 11 e 12 anos e aquelas que receberam informações sobre como o seu adversário de jogo ficaria após perder a partida tenderam a ser mais generosas. Ademais, crianças com maiores níveis de empatia foram menos egoístas. Esses resultados são discutidos a partir da teoria de Martin Hoffman e de achados empíricos recentes no campo da justiça distributiva.

Children use different principles to share goods, depending on their ages and the information available in the context of distribution, with a increasing preferency for egalitarianism and altruism as they grow up. In the current study children's distributive behavior was evaluated through an experimental situation in which issues involving personal merit and care were manipulated. A computer game during which children named animals and could decide how the reward should be shared was used. It was observed that children aged 11 to 12 years and those who received information about how their opponents would stay after losing the game tended to be more generous. In addition, more empathic children were less selfish. These results are discussed from the perspective of Martin Hoffman's theory, and from recent empirical findings in the field of distributive justice.

Los niños utilizan diferentes principios para compartir, dependiendo de su edad y de la información disponible en el contexto de distribución, con una tendencia a la igualdad y el altruismo mayor a medida que envejecen. En el presente estudio se evaluó el comportamiento distributivo de los niños en una situación experimental en la que se manipularon cuestiones relacionadas con el mérito personal y la cuidado al outro. Fue utilizado un juego de computadora durante el cual los niños nombraron animales y pudieron decidir cómo se debía compartir la recompensa. Se observó que los niños entre 11 y 12 años y los que habían recibido información sobre como su oponente se sintió después de perder el juego tendía a ser más generosos. Además, los niños con niveles más altos de empatía eran menos egoísta. Estos resultados se discuten desde la teoría de Martin Hoffman y estudios recientes en el campo de la justicia distributiva.

Discussion on the Reasonable Distribution of Nurses' Performance Payment / 中国卫生经济

As the largest hospital group,performance payment distribution system directly affects the work enthusiasm of nurses.It analyzed and summarized the current 8 deficiencies and defects existing in the wage distribution.It proposed 5 measures and methods to focus on the performance payment so as to improve the enthusiasm of nurses work and promote the medical service quality and the comprehensive performance of hospitals.

Desigualdades Raciais, Mérito e Excelência Acadêmica: Representações Sociais em Disputa / Racial Inequality, Merit and Academic Excellence: Social Representations in Dispute / Desigualdades Raciales, Mérito y Excelencia Académica: Representaciones Sociales en Disputa

Resumo Este artigo se propõe a refletir sobre como, no Brasil, as formulações políticas e legais acerca das ações afirmativas de cunhos social e racial no ensino superior articulam e estão articuladas a partir de distintas representações sobre os sujeitos e os lugares que eles ocupam na estrutura social. Partimos da breve caracterização dos dispositivos legais e das políticas implantadas a partir do século XX sobre o tema; analisamos a literatura que aborda as representações sociais sobre a recente implantação das políticas de ação afirmativa; e, por fim, discutimos duas concepções opostas de ação afirmativa, a Lei de cotas e o PIMESP. Pontuamos que tais medidas respondem a diferentes formas de representar desigualdades, merecimento e excelência acadêmica. Discute-se ainda, a suficiência da tradicional acepção de merecimento, o mérito pessoal, para julgar e determinar quem e como deve ingressar na universidade pública....(AU)

Abstract This article aims to reflect on how, in Brazil, the political and legal formulations about social and racial affirmative action in higher education, articulate and are articulated from different representations about the subjects and the places they occupy in the social structure. The starting point was a brief description of the legal provisions and policies implemented from the twentieth century on the topic. Then, we analyzed the literature addressing the social representations about the recent implementation of affirmative action. And finally, we discussed two opposing conceptions of affirmative action, Quotas Law and PIMESP. We pointed out that these measures respond to different ways of representing inequality, worthiness and academic excellence. It was also discussed the sufficiency of the traditional sense of worthiness, personal merit, to judge and determine who and how someone should join the public university....(AU)

Resumen Este artículo se propone reflexionar sobre cómo, en Brasil, las formulaciones políticas y legales acerca de las acciones afirmativas de cuños social y racial en la enseñanza superior, articulan y están articuladas a partir de distintas representaciones sobre los sujetos y los lugares que ellos ocupan en la estructura social. Para tanto: partimos de la breve caracterización de los dispositivos legales y de las políticas implantadas a partir del siglo XX sobre el tema; analizamos la literatura que aborda las representaciones sociales sobre la reciente implantación de las políticas de acción afirmativa; y, finalmente, discutimos dos concepciones opuestas de acción afirmativa, la Ley de cuotas y el PIMESP. Señalamos puntualmente que tales medidas responden a diferentes formas de representar desigualdades, merecimiento y excelencia académica. Se discute, también, la suficiencia de la tradicional acepción de merecimiento, el mérito personal, para juzgar y determinar quién y cómo debe ingresar a la universidad pública....(AU)

Qualidade de conteúdo, o grande desafio para os editores científicos / Calidad del contenido, el gran desafío para los editores científicos / Quality of content, the great challenge for scientific editors

Discutem-se alguns problemas que atualmente afetam a qualidade do conteúdo das revistas científicas e ressalta-se o papel dos editores como responsáveis pela definição tanto da direção (o que se fará) como da profundidade (até que ponto se avançará) das pesquisas. Propõe-se que a relação ótima entre ambas se alcança a partir de um equilíbrio entre as três logias: terminologia, epistemologia e metodologia. Sob esta fundamentação, apresenta-se uma taxonomia para avaliação e análise de projetos de pesquisa, artigos e pareceres científicos. Conclui-se com propostas de ação específicas para todos os atores envolvidos na geração e difusão do conhecimento (autores, revisores, agências de fomento, instituições que publicam revistas e editores científicos), orientadas a melhorar a qualidade do conteúdo das publicações.

El artículo discute algunos de los problemas que actualmente afectan a la calidad del contenido de las revistas científicas y se resalta el rol de los editores como los responsables de definir tanto la dirección (lo qué se hará) como la profundidad (cuánto se llevará a cabo) de la investigación en una determinada área. Se propone que la relación óptima entre dirección y profundidad se logra a partir de un equilibrio entre las tres logías: la terminología, la epistemología y la metodología. Partiendo de esta premisa, el artículo presenta una taxonomía para el análisis de proyectos de investigación, artículos y dictámenes científicos. Se concluye con propuestas de acción específicas dirigidas a todos los actores involucrados en la generación y difusión del conocimiento (autores, dictaminadores, organismos de financiación, instituciones que publican revistas y editores científicos), orientadas a mejorar la calidad del contenido de las publicaciones.

The article discusses some of the problems that currently affect the quality of content of journals and highlights the role of editors as those responsible for defining both the direction (what will be done) and depth (how far it will go) of research in a certain area. The optimal relationship between direction and depth is proposed to be achieved through a balance among the three logies: terminology, epistemology and methodology. Based on this premise, the article presents a taxonomy for the analysis of research projects, scientific papers and referee reports, and suggests specific actions aimed at improving the content quality of journals, targeted at all those involved in the generation and dissemination of knowledge (authors, reviewers, funding agencies, publishers, and, last but not least, scientific editors).

Qualidade acadêmica e relevância social e econômica da educação superior / Academic merit and social and economic relevance of higher education

A educação brasileira, e, mais especificamente, a universidade, vivencia na atualidade um grande desafio: o de atender aos requisitos de qualidade como mérito acadêmico da sua produção científica e tecnológica e de relevância social e econômica. É essa questão que será abordada neste artigo, apresentando inicialmente as condições sociocognitivas que influenciam a definição dessa qualidade complexa pela política governamental; em seguida, analisam-se documentos que tratam da política da educação superior, do governo atual, relativa à avaliação da graduação e da pós-graduação, e à política de ciência, tecnologia e inovação, referente aos seus principais programas e prioridades de fomento à pesquisa. Finalmente, mostra-se de que modo essa qualidade complexa da produção científica e tecnológica se expressa nas práticas de líderes de pesquisa em diferentes áreas de conhecimento.

Education in Brazil - particularly higher education - is currently faced with a great challenge: meeting both quality demands as an academic merit of its scientific and technological production and the social and economic relevance of this very production. This paper approaches this issue by analyzing (1) a few aspects of the present Government's policies on education with regard to the assessment of undergraduate and graduate courses and (2) its policies for science, technology and innovation, concerning the main programmes and priorities for research funding. The analysis finally focuses on how the complex quality of knowledge production is reflected in the praxis of research leaders in different knowledge areas.

Endothelial progenitor cells pretreated ex vivo with SDF-1 improve their therapeutic efficiency for acute myocardial infarction / 中华急诊医学杂志

Objective To investigate the therapeutic efficiency of intravenous implanted endothelial progeni-tor cells (EPCs) pretreated with stromal cell derived factor-1 (SDF-1) in rat model of acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Method The bone-marrow derived EPCs were cultured. The effects of SDF-1 on the migration and sur-rival of EPCs were evaluated in vitro. The rat models of AMI were produced and randomly divided into SDF-1 +EPCs group (n=12), EPCs group (n=12) and control group (n=12). EPCs pretreated with or without SDF-1 were infused via tail vein 24 hours after AMI modelled. The EBM-2 culture medium without cell was infuaed in control group. Vessel density, cardiac function and infarct area were measured on 14 days and 28 days after cell implantation. Results Fourteen days after cell implantation, the vessel density of SDF-1+EPCs group was higher than that of EPCs group and control group. Twenty-eight days after cell implantation, the cardiac function of SDF-1+EPCs group was better than that of EPCs group and control group. Conclusions EPCs pretreatment with SDF-1 can improve the survival and migratory capacity of EPCs, and increase the therapeutic efficiency for myocardial infarction.

A National Sample Survey of Medical Students about Their Perception and Evaluation on Medical Study, Career Plan, and Medical Care System: Part 3. Student's View on Merits and Demerits of Being Physician, Patients and Diseases, Medical Practice, and Medic / 한국의학교육

A national sample survey of medical students about their perception and evaluation on medical study, career plan, and medical care system was conducted in December 1997 through January 1998. About 10% of all the medical students in 32 medical schools that had students from freshman to senior in November 1997 were systematically sampled for a questionnaire survey. Out of 1,386 students, 1,233(89.0%) had responded and 12 of them were excluded from the analysis because of incomplete response. This report is the third part of the study regarding students' view on merits and demerits of being physician, patients and diseases, medical practice, and medical care system. Respondents indicated that the merits of being a physician are humanitarian nature of work(30.0%) and autonomy of work(28.0%) and the demerits are too busy to enjoy peronal life(56.5%) and too much stress from work(41.2%). Social status of physicians was assessed by the students in four dimensions, i.e. social prestige, social influence, power, and income. Students were found to think that the current social status of physicians is lower than it should be ideally in all of four dimensions. Ninety percent of student agreed that physician is a noble occupation that deals with human life but only two-thirds of students agreed that physician is economically secured and socially well recognized occupation. Students regarded the medical insurance system as instigating increase of general hospital and withering of private clinics and hindering medical development by reducing investment capacity. Major problems in medical care system indicated by the students are irrational medical insurance system, concentration of physicians in large cities, and irrational health care delivery system. Medical students regarded the role of nurses as not merely assisting physicians(40.7%) but have to participate more actively in patient care(49.8%). Regarding medical study's effect on views of patients and diseases, 60.4% of them indicated that they became to view patients more as entities of diseases and this was a significant increase from 28.9% in 1983 study. For criteria of death, 73.5% agreed with brain-death. Regarding organ transplantation, 79.2% agreed to encourage it but only 46.9% agreed to encourage artificial fertilization in vitro. In case of accidental death, 73.5% agreed to donate their organs for transplantation. To a statement related with medical malpractice reading "Physicians should be treated generously for their mistakes in medical practice so long as the mistakes are not due to negligence", 71.6% of the students agreed to the statement. To another statement reading "Physicians should be thoroughly investigated and duly penalized for mistakes made by them in their medical practice", only 31.8% agreed to it. These findings suggested that medical students are well aware of the problems in the health care system and social status of physicians. Changes were noticed in the sense of responsibility for medical malpractice and physician's attitude toward patients since 1983 study.

A National Sample Survey of Medical Students about Their Perception and Evaluation on Medical Study, Career Plan, and Medical Care System: Part 3. Student's View on Merits and Demerits of Being Physician, Patients and Diseases, Medical Practice, and Medic / 한국의학교육

A national sample survey of medical students about their perception and evaluation on medical study, career plan, and medical care system was conducted in December 1997 through January 1998. About 10% of all the medical students in 32 medical schools that had students from freshman to senior in November 1997 were systematically sampled for a questionnaire survey. Out of 1,386 students, 1,233(89.0%) had responded and 12 of them were excluded from the analysis because of incomplete response. This report is the third part of the study regarding students' view on merits and demerits of being physician, patients and diseases, medical practice, and medical care system. Respondents indicated that the merits of being a physician are humanitarian nature of work(30.0%) and autonomy of work(28.0%) and the demerits are too busy to enjoy peronal life(56.5%) and too much stress from work(41.2%). Social status of physicians was assessed by the students in four dimensions, i.e. social prestige, social influence, power, and income. Students were found to think that the current social status of physicians is lower than it should be ideally in all of four dimensions. Ninety percent of student agreed that physician is a noble occupation that deals with human life but only two-thirds of students agreed that physician is economically secured and socially well recognized occupation. Students regarded the medical insurance system as instigating increase of general hospital and withering of private clinics and hindering medical development by reducing investment capacity. Major problems in medical care system indicated by the students are irrational medical insurance system, concentration of physicians in large cities, and irrational health care delivery system. Medical students regarded the role of nurses as not merely assisting physicians(40.7%) but have to participate more actively in patient care(49.8%). Regarding medical study's effect on views of patients and diseases, 60.4% of them indicated that they became to view patients more as entities of diseases and this was a significant increase from 28.9% in 1983 study. For criteria of death, 73.5% agreed with brain-death. Regarding organ transplantation, 79.2% agreed to encourage it but only 46.9% agreed to encourage artificial fertilization in vitro. In case of accidental death, 73.5% agreed to donate their organs for transplantation. To a statement related with medical malpractice reading "Physicians should be treated generously for their mistakes in medical practice so long as the mistakes are not due to negligence", 71.6% of the students agreed to the statement. To another statement reading "Physicians should be thoroughly investigated and duly penalized for mistakes made by them in their medical practice", only 31.8% agreed to it. These findings suggested that medical students are well aware of the problems in the health care system and social status of physicians. Changes were noticed in the sense of responsibility for medical malpractice and physician's attitude toward patients since 1983 study.