Dependencia al dispositivo móvil e impulsividad en estudiantes universitarios de Riobamba-Ecuador / Mobile device dependence and impulsivity in university students from Riobamba-Ecuador

El uso excesivo de la telefonía celular crea situaciones problemáticas, resaltando la dependencia. Se realizó un estudio con el objetivo de determinar la relación entre los niveles de dependencia al dispositivo móvil y los tipos de impulsividad en universitarios; con enfoque cuantitativo, de tipo no experimental correlacional. La población de estudio estuvo conformada por 2533 estudiantes de 18 a 26 años de la Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud de la Universidad Nacional de Chimborazo, matriculados en el periodo académico agosto 2019 ­ marzo 2020. La recolección de los datos se hizo a través del Test de Dependencia al Móvil y la Escala de Impulsividad (BIS-11). La media de la edad fue de 21,3 años. El 66,5% de la muestra mostró un nivel modera-do de dependencia del dispositivo móvil. El 85,03% tenía impulsividad no planificada, con un puntaje de nivel medio de impulsividad en cada subescala y globalmente. Entre ambas variables fundamentales de estudio se estableció una correlación positiva, maderada y estadísticamente significativa

Excessive use of smartphones creates problematic situations, highlighting dependency. This study was carried out to determine the relationship between the levels of dependence on the mobile device and the types of impulsivity in university students. This research included a quantitative approach, and a non-experimental correlational type. The study population consisted of 2533 students aged 18 to 26 from the Faculty of Health Sciences of the National University of Chimborazo, enrolled in the academic period August 2019 - March 2020. Data collection was done through the Mobile Dependence Test and Impulsivity Scale (BIS-11). The mean age was 21.3 years. 66.5% of the sample showed a moderate level of dependence on the mobile device. 85.03% had unplanned impulsivity, with a score of medium level of impulsivity in each subscale and globally. A positive, lumpy, and statistically significant correlation was established between both fundamental study variables

A estratégia LET US Play aumenta a atividade física de crianças nas aulas de educação física escolar / The LET US Play strategy increases children`s physical activity in physical education classes

O estudo objetivou comparar duas estratégias (Tradicional x LET US Play) com o intuito de aumen-tar o número de passos (NP) durante as aulas de educação física escolar de crianças. Trata-se de um ensaio clínico randomizado cruzado (cross over), realizado em uma escola municipal de Cuiabá, Mato Grosso. Foram aplicadas 10 aulas à 25 crianças (11 meninos e 14 meninas) do 4º ano do Ensino Fun-damental. Dividida em dois momentos de 15 minutos (monitorados), com um espaço de 10 minutos entre eles para hidratação (não monitorados), a aula consistia na aplicação das atividades (estafeta, base quatro, futsal, queimada e empresta bandeira) usando a estratégia Tradicional ou LET US Play, de forma alternada e aleatória. Ao final de cada atividade, o NP foi medido por meio da pulseira inteligente Xiaomi Mi band 2. Utilizou ANOVA One Waypara analisar o NP entre as estratégias, estratificada por sexo, com grau de significância de 5%. Observou-se que, o NP dados pelas crianças na intervenção LET US Play foi superior ao Tradicional em todas as atividades (estafeta, base quatro, futsal, queimada, empresta bandeira), tanto em meninos quanto em meninas, independentemente da ordem de aplicação (p < 0,01). Conclui-se que o LET US Play aumentou o NP das crianças durante as aulas de educação física e pode ser uma estratégia interessante para maximizar a atividade física nesse público

This study aimed to compare two strategies (Traditional x LET US Play) focused on increasing the number of steps (NS) during physical education classes for children. This is a randomized crossover clinical trial, carried out in a municipal elementary school from Cuiabá-MT. Ten classes were given to 25 children (11 boys and 14 girls) from the 4th grade. Divided into two moments of 15 minutes each (monitored), with a 10 minutes break between for hydration (not monitored). The class sessions consisted of activities (relay races, base four, futsal, dodgeball and borrow flag) using Traditional or LET US Play strategies, selected randomly and alternately. At the end of each activity the NS was measured through the Xiaomi Mi band 2 smart bracelet. The NP between the strategies and interactions with sex were assessed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) with a statistical significance set at p < 0.05. It was observed that the NS given by the children in the LET US Play intervention was higher than the Traditional in all activities (relay races, kickball, indoor soccer, dodgeball, lend flag) in boys and girls regardless of the delivered order (p < 0,01). It was concluded that LET US Play increased children's NS during physical education classes and can be an interesting strategy to maximize physical activity among this population

Construção, desenvolvimento e avaliação de ações educativas via Mobile Health com foco na redução do consumo de sódio em uma instituição de ensino / Construction, development, and evaluation of educational actions via Mobile Health focusing on reduction of sodium consumption in an educational institution

Objetivo: Descrever o processo de construção e desenvolvimento de ações educativas via mHealth para redução de sódio e realizar avaliação do ponto de vista do receptor. Método: Estudo de intervenção com 155 adultos (20-59 anos) de uma instituição de ensino em Vitória-ES. Os participantes foram contatados por exposição a banner, convite face to face e mídia eletrônica. Após primeira coleta de dados, os participantes foram randomizados em dois grupos: Intervenção (GI) e Controle (GC). Dados socioeconômicos, de saúde e práticas alimentares foram obtidos antes e após a intervenção. Foram elaboradas 21 mensagens e três vídeos focados na redução de sódio, enviadas por aplicativo WhatsApp® ou e-mail, durante três meses. Testes adequados, segundo o delineamento da amostra, foram aplicados utilizando o software SPSS 23, adotando-se nível de significância de 5%. Resultados: Na linha de base, não foram observadas diferenças significativas entre grupos de alocação. Cerca de 70% dos participantes do GI relataram que as mensagens foram úteis, claras e objetivas; 50% relataram que as mensagens ajudaram a realizar escolhas alimentares mais saudáveis e 47% disseram que seguiram as sugestões propostas. Mais de 60% do GI relataram que adotaram hábitos alimentares mais saudáveis, enquanto no GC as respostas foram associadas à prática de "dietas da moda". Esses resultados mostram a importância da utilização de ações educativas baseadas em conhecimento científico e na adoção de práticas alimentares saudáveis. Conclusão: A maioria dos participantes identificou a estratégia mHealth como de fácil compreensão e útil, bem como foram mais expostos à informação sobre alimentação saudável. (AU)

Objective: Describe the process of construction and development of educational actions through mHealth aiming sodium reduction and accomplishment of evaluation from the receptor's point of view. Methods: Interventional study accomplished within 155 adults from 20 to 59 years old from a public institution in Vitória-ES. The participants were approached through banners, face to face invitations and electronic medias. After the first data collection the participants were randomized into two groups: Intervention (GI) and control (GC). Socioeconomic data about health and eating habits were obtained before and after the intervention. 21 messages and 3 videos focusing on the sodium reduction were prepared and sent via Whatsapp or email for 3 months. Appropriate tests, according to the sample's design, were applied using the software SPSS 23 with a significance level of 5%. Results: On the baseline were not observed significant differences between the allocation groups. Nearly 70% of the GI participants reported that the information was useful, clear and objective; 50% reported that the messages helped them to do healthier eating choices and 47% claimed that they followed the suggestions that were proposed to them. More than 60% of GI reported that they have adopted healthier eating habits while in GC the reports were related to the execution of ''trending diets''. These results show the importance of the use of educational actions based on scientific knowledge and adoption of healthy eating habits. Conclusion: Most of the participants classified the mHealth strategy as a useful and easy understanding one, as well as they were exposed to health eating information. (AU)

Protocolo AGITO: Autocuidado em diabetes tipo 1 para um aplicativo de dispositivo móvel / AGITO Protocol: Self-care in type 1 diabetes for a mobile device application

Introdução: O estudo foi elaborado a partir da necessidade de se disponibilizar um protocolo que possa ser utilizado por meio de um aplicativo para dispositivos móveis como estratégia de autocuidado para adolescentes com diabetes tipo 1 utilizando a abordagem das emoções. Objetivo: Realizar a elaboração, validação e adequação cultural do protocolo AGITO em aplicativo de dispositivo móvel para autocuidado em diabetes tipo 1. Métodos: Estudo metodológico, abrangendo duas etapas: 1ª) Revisão Integrativa e 2ª) Elaboração, validação de conteúdo e adequação cultural. Foram contemplados os principais temas de práticas de autocuidado em diabetes tipo 1, concernente aos aspectos: educacionais, psicossociais e comportamentais. Na 2ª etapa, 32 profissionais da área da Saúde foram convidados a participar do Comitê de Juízes. A etapa final compreendeu dois ciclos de testes face a face do protocolo com 10 adolescentes com diabetes tipo 1. Resultados: Os resultados são apresentados de acordo com cada etapa. Primeira etapa: Na revisão integrativa 12 artigos atenderam os critérios de seleção. Os recursos dos aplicativos foram examinados a partir das funções de controle glicêmico, insulinoterapia, alimentação, atividade física, abordagem das emoções e relações sociais. Segunda etapa: O protocolo de autocuidado em diabetes tipo 1 nomeado AGITO foi consolidado em seis seções, denominadas:1º- Glicemia de jejum; 2º- Glicemia antes do almoço; 3º- Glicemia antes do lanche da tarde;4º- Glicemia antes do jantar; 5º- Glicemia antes do lanche de dormir; e 6º- Saúde emocional. A concordância entre os avaliadores e a população-alvo quanto à clareza e relevância dos itens foi confirmada pelo Índice de Validade de Conteúdo, que apresentou variação das médias entre 0,90 e 1,0. As principais alterações realizadas na adequação de conteúdo foram à inclusão de termos mais utilizados no cotidiano do autocuidado dos adolescentes com diabetes tipo 1. Conclusão: Este estudo fornece o protocolo do aplicativo AGITO com conteúdo validado, configurando-se um componente passível de ser utilizado como uma estratégia para o autocuidado em diabetes tipo 1 para adolescentes.(AU)

Introduction: The study was designed from the need to provide a protocol that can be used through a mobile application as a self-care strategy for adolescents with type 1 diabetes using the emotion approach. Objective: Carry out the elaboration, validation and cultural adequacy of the AGITO protocol in a mobile device application for selfcare in type 1 diabetes. Methods: Methodological study, covering two steps: 1st) Integrative Review and 2st) Preparation, content validation and cultural adequacy. The main themes of self-care practices in type 1 diabetes were considered, concerning the aspects: educational, psychosocial and behavioral. In the second stage, 32 health care professionals were invited to participate in the Judges Committee. The final stage comprised two cycles of face-to-face protocol testing with 10 adolescents with type 1 diabetes. Results: These are presented according to each stage. Stage One: In the integrative review 12 articles met the selection criteria. The app features were examined from the glycemic control, insulin therapy, diet, physical activity, emotional approach, and social relationships functions. Second stage: The type 1 diabetes self-care protocol named AGITO was consolidated into six sections, namely: 1- Fasting Blood Glucose; 2- Blood glucose before lunch; 3 - Blood glucose before the afternoon snack, 4 - Blood glucose before dinner; 5 - Blood glucose before bedtime snack; and 6- Emotional health. The agreement between the evaluators and the target population regarding the clarity and relevance of the items was confirmed by the Content Validity Index, which varied from 0.90 to 1.0. The main changes in content adequacy were the inclusion of terms most used in the self-care daily life of adolescents with type 1 diabetes. Conclusion: This study provides the AGITO application protocol with validated content, configuring a component that can be used as a strategy for self-care in type 1 diabetes for adolescents.(AU)

The development of food image detection and recognition model of Korean food for mobile dietary management

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to develop Korean food image detection and recognition model for use in mobile devices for accurate estimation of dietary intake. SUBJECTS/METHODS: We collected food images by taking pictures or by searching web images and built an image dataset for use in training a complex recognition model for Korean food. Augmentation techniques were performed in order to increase the dataset size. The dataset for training contained more than 92,000 images categorized into 23 groups of Korean food. All images were down-sampled to a fixed resolution of 150 × 150 and then randomly divided into training and testing groups at a ratio of 3:1, resulting in 69,000 training images and 23,000 test images. We used a Deep Convolutional Neural Network (DCNN) for the complex recognition model and compared the results with those of other networks: AlexNet, GoogLeNet, Very Deep Convolutional Neural Network, VGG and ResNet, for large-scale image recognition. RESULTS: Our complex food recognition model, K-foodNet, had higher test accuracy (91.3%) and faster recognition time (0.4 ms) than those of the other networks. CONCLUSION: The results showed that K-foodNet achieved better performance in detecting and recognizing Korean food compared to other state-of-the-art models.

Effectiveness of mobile learning in medical education: a systematic review / 南方医科大学学报

OBJECTIVE@#To design systematic review to summarize high quality evidence for the effectiveness of mobile learning on medical and nursing education.@*METHODS@#PubMed, Embase, ERIC, SCI and SSCI and Cochrane Library were searched since 2000 to December 2014 to identify articles that discussed the effectiveness of mobile learning on medical and nursing education for medical or nursing students or healthcare professionals. After assessed quality using the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool, the heterogeneity allowed for only narrative synthesis.@*RESULTS@#A total of 208 articles were searched and 11randomized controlled trials were included for final analysis. In the 11 studies, 7 studies show that when applying mobile devices for learning, their clinical knowledge and performance improved effectively. While 4 studies were not significantly different with who used traditional teaching method or no intervention group.@*CONCLUSIONS@#With the rapid advances in technology, it suggests that mlearning can play a very important role on medical and nursing education for improving clinical knowledge and performance, providing a new learning method, encouraging 'anywhere, anytime' learning and promote the popularization and fairness of medical education. Though it enables a personalized learning experience for the learners, some studies argue that mobile learning is still equivalent to traditional didactic lectures.

Performance assessment on the Korean Computerized Neurobehavioral Test using a mobile device and a conventional computer: an experimental study

BACKGROUND: The Korean Computerized Neurobehavioral Test (KCNT) is a psychological assessment tool used as part of Workers’ Special Health Examinations in Korea. Due to the spread of mobile technology, this study aimed to compare results of the KCNT administered on a tablet PC versus a desktop computer, and, therefore, assess the clinical applicability of mobile devices. METHODS: A total of 72 participants enrolled in this study. Their age, sex, and years of formal education were collected during an interview, as well as their typing speed. The test battery comprised five subtests: Simple Reaction Time test, Choice Reaction Time test, Digit Addition test, Symbol-Digit Substitution test, and Finger Tapping Speed test. Participants repeated the KCNT test battery in a randomly assigned order using four different testing systems: a desktop computer equipped with a conventional 106-key keyboard (System 1), a desktop computer equipped with a simplified keyboard (System 2), a tablet PC with a simplified 17-key on-screen keyboard (System 3), and a tablet PC equipped with a simplified keyboard (System 4). RESULTS: Results of the Digit Addition test did not differ significantly for different testing systems. In contrast, results of the Simple Reaction Time test, Choice Reaction Time test, Symbol-Digit Substitution test, and Finger Tapping test were lower for the tablet PC (Systems 3 and 4) compared to the desktop computer (Systems 1 and 2). Systems 1 and 2 did not show significantly different results. Performance on System 3 was inferior to that on System 4, only for the Choice Reaction Time test and Finger Tapping Speed test. There were also significant differences in performance by computer familiarity when adjusted for age and education; however, the performance of each group on the test systems showed similar patterns. CONCLUSIONS: It is not recommended to use a tablet PC to administer the KCNT to evaluate neurobehavioral performance for the Simple Reaction Time test and Choice Reaction Time test; however, tablet PCs with an on-screen keyboard may be used to perform the Digit Addition test, and the Symbol-Digit Substitution test and Finger Tapping Speed test to a limited degree.

Application Analysis of Mobile Equipment and APP in Imaging Diagnostics and Interventional Radiology / 医学信息学杂志

By making use of 19 keywords,the paper searches the APP Store for APP related to imaging diagnostics and interventional radiology,analyzes parameters like APP classifications,satisfaction,publisher identity and downloads with statistical methods.The result shows that mobile learning APP,which facilitate imaging diagnostics and interventional radiology doctors with mobile learning,are more popular.

Smart Health Surveillance with Automated Database Using Android Mobile Device

ABSTRACT Smart Health Surveillance system is to measure and display the Electrocardiogram (ECG) and temperature of patient's body continuously and also to communicate to the doctor. The system measures ECG using infrared sensor and the temperatures at oral and wrist of the patient using temperature sensors. Microcontroller, receives the data from the sensors, displays the same and communicates to the web server automatically. In the existing system, patient's vital parameters are obtained and the obtained values are entered into database and then uploaded into a web-based server manually. The existing system has no alert signal, during abnormal condition to the surrounding and to the doctor. The proposed system consists of a visualization module of the server program, which graphically displays the recorded biomedical signals on android mobile devices used by doctors at the receiver end. It also gives a buzzer or an alarm in case of abnormal condition of the patient.

Development of Chronic Disease Management Service System Based on Smart Mobile Equipment / 医学信息学杂志

According to the personalized service needs of patients with hypertension,diabetes and other chronic diseases,the paper develops a family self-service health management system based on intelligent terminal devices,introduces the system architecture,functions of each terminal,data communication and other key technologies.This system is able to provide patients and family members with real-time and effective disease prevention knowledge and targeted online medical treatment.

An image display method for portable medical endoscopes using intelligent mobile devices / 国际生物医学工程杂志

Objective To study an image display method for portable medical endoscopes using intelligent mobile devices for solving the problem of lacking medical resources in remote areas and carrying inconvenience of endoscopic workstations.Method An high-definition camera was employed for image data acquisition,which was driven by the built-in Video4Linux drive program of a embedded Linux system.A wireless network card was used to establish a point-to-point network,and to build the LAN server.The mobile devices could acquire the collected image data through accessing the local area network,which could realize the real-time display on the LCD screen.Results The resolution of a collected image was 1 024×768 pixels,the bit depth was 24 bits,the frame rate was 30 frame/s,and the actual average transmission speed was about 2 MB/s.Conclusions The proposed method is effective and feasible.The collected image is clear,and the system has advantages of simple structure,low cost and easy to carry,which can save the manufacturing cost and meet the conditions of usage in remote areas.

Visual Fatigue Induced by Viewing a Tablet Computer with a High-resolution Display

PURPOSE: In the present study, the visual discomfort induced by smart mobile devices was assessed in normal and healthy adults. METHODS: Fifty-nine volunteers (age, 38.16 ± 10.23 years; male : female = 19 : 40) were exposed to tablet computer screen stimuli (iPad Air, Apple Inc.) for 1 hour. Participants watched a movie or played a computer game on the tablet computer. Visual fatigue and discomfort were assessed using an asthenopia questionnaire, tear film break-up time, and total ocular wavefront aberration before and after viewing smart mobile devices. RESULTS: Based on the questionnaire, viewing smart mobile devices for 1 hour significantly increased mean total asthenopia score from 19.59 ± 8.58 to 22.68 ± 9.39 (p < 0.001). Specifically, the scores for five items (tired eyes, sore/aching eyes, irritated eyes, watery eyes, and hot/burning eye) were significantly increased by viewing smart mobile devices. Tear film break-up time significantly decreased from 5.09 ± 1.52 seconds to 4.63 ± 1.34 seconds (p = 0.003). However, total ocular wavefront aberration was unchanged. CONCLUSIONS: Visual fatigue and discomfort were significantly induced by viewing smart mobile devices, even though the devices were equipped with state-of-the-art display technology.

The Future Medical Science and Colorectal Surgeons

Future medical technology breakthroughs will build from the incredible progress made in computers, biotechnology, and nanotechnology and from the information learned from the human genome. With such technology and information, computer-aided diagnoses, organ replacement, gene therapy, personalized drugs, and even age reversal will become possible. True 3-dimensional system technology will enable surgeons to envision key clinical features and will help them in planning complex surgery. Surgeons will enter surgical instructions in a virtual space from a remote medical center, order a medical robot to perform the operation, and review the operation in real time on a monitor. Surgeons will be better than artificial intelligence or automated robots when surgeons (or we) love patients and ask questions for a better future. The purpose of this paper is looking at the future medical science and the changes of colorectal surgeons.

Repercusión de los dispositivos móviles en la atención de enfermería a usuarios en estado crítico / Repercussion of mobile devices on nursing care for users in critical state

Introducción: actualmente en los hospitales de México, especialmente en las áreas de cuidados críticos, se ha incrementado el uso de dispositivos móviles de comunicación, repercutiendo en el cuidado del paciente; esto pudiera representar no solamente un distractor, sino una fuente portadora de gérmenes. Objetivo: evaluar la repercusión de los dispositivos móviles en la atención de enfermería a usuarios en estado crítico. Métodos: estudio descriptivo, trasversal; donde fueron medidos los tiempos de interrupción del cuidado de enfermería en el uso de dispositivos móviles de comunicación; se describió la exposición de estos artefactos con los equipos biomédicos por medio de una guía observacional, además se tomó muestra de los dispositivos móviles para su cultivo en agar nutritivo. Resultados: el 75,00 por ciento de los enfermeros estudiados hacían uso de los dispositivos móviles dentro de su jornada laboral; el 68,00 por ciento hizo uso de algún dispositivo móvil mientras realizaba alguna actividad con el paciente; el 64,00 por ciento tenía contacto con equipo biomédico; el 100,00 por ciento no se lavaba las manos antes y después de usarlos; en el 100,00 por ciento de las muestras tomadas y cultivadas hubo crecimiento Unidades Formadoras de Colonias a las 48 horas. Conclusiones: los dispositivos móviles son distractores, adictivos y cuentan con carga bacteriológica, esto afecta en la atención directa al paciente, su uso aún no está regulado; por esta razón sería importante considerar limitar el uso en las unidades de cuidados críticos, esto ayudara a brindar una mejor atención viéndose reflejado en la seguridad del paciente(AU)

Introduction: In Mexico hospitals today, especially in critical care areas, the use of mobile devices of communication has increased, which has had a repercussion on the care for the patient; this could represent not only a distracting aspect, but a germ-bearing source. Objective: Assess the repercussion of mobile devices on nursing care for user in critical state. Methods: cross-sectional, descriptive study in which we measured the interruption times for nursing care in the use of mobile devices of communication; we described the exposition of this artifacts with biomedical equipment by means of an observational guide, we also took sample of mobile devices for their culture in a nutrient agar. Results: 75.00 percentof the studied nurses used mobile devices within their working day; 68.00 percent used any mobile device while doing any activity with the patient; 64.00 percent had contact with biomedical equipment; 100.00 percent did not wash their hands before or after using them; in the 100.00 percent of the samples taken and cultured there were colonies growing after 48 hours. Conclusions: Mobile devices are distracting, addictive and have bacteriologic charge, which affects the direct care for the patient, their use is not regulated; therefore, it would be important to consider limiting their use in critical care units, which will help provide better attention reflected on the patient's safety(AU)

Application of mobile device management system in hospital / 中国医学装备

Objective:To solve the management problems of using mobile cart, PDA, flat-panel computer and other mobile devices in hospital, promote the evolution of mobile device management to intelligent management. Methods: Select the mobile device management system for hospital use based on their own characteristics.Results: Manage all the mainstream operating system and terminal equipment; manage the hardware and software of mobile terminal and assets in hospital.Conclusion: Improve the management, reduce the maintenance workload, save the cost of operation and maintenance.

A Belt-type Biomedical Mobile Device / 대한의료정보학회지

OBJECTIVE: To investigate a belt-type, biomedical mobile device capable of measuring patients' biomedical signals and sending the biomedical data to a remote medical server. This device was designed to measure and record ECG and motion signals continuously for a moving subject and, on in the event of an emergent situation, to notify a remote doctor of the situation by transmitting data on the emergent situation to a remote server through a CDMA network. METHODS: The developed system is composed of three parts: biomedical signal acquisition, biomedical data recording, and data transmission. We conducted four types of experiment in order to evaluate the developed system's accuracy, reliability, operability, applicability to daily life, and SMS alarm function. First, we tested the accuracy of the R-R interval by comparing the signals measured via the developed system with those via a commercialized ECG system while the subjects were sitting, standing, lying or cycling. Second, we tested the reliability of the transmitted data to the remote server when two types of emergent events are generated in the developed system using a patient simulator, and measured the battery life to determine the system life. Third, we experimentally examined the accuracy of the corresponding data transmitted to the remote server via the CDMA network when two types of event are generated for each of seven types of action (sitting, standing, standing up from the seat, ordinary walking, fast walking, cycling, and running) during daily life. Lastly, we tested the SMS alarm function. RESULTS: The acquisition and comparison of the subjects' biomedical signals and motion signals confirmed the accuracy, reliability, operability and applicability of the developed system to daily life. The ability of the system to monitor the ECG signals and motion signals during daily life was also demonstrated. CONCLUSION: The system was demonstrated to be very applicable to subjects requiring continuous monitoring for chronic disease and health management. Therefore, the developed system is expected to play an important role in building ubiquitous healthcare systems in Korea in the near future.