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Objective:To discuss the protective effect of Syringin (SYR) on myotube cell atrophy induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and its molecular mechanism.Methods:After C2C12 myoblasts were differentiated into myotubes, they were divided into normal control group, model group and syringin group according to the random number table method. The cultured medium of model group and syringin group were added with LPS with a concentration of 200 ng/ml; the cultured medium of the syringin group was also added with 10 μmol/L syringin for 24 h. CCK8 was used to detect cell viability. In cell supernatant, NO release was detected with Griess and TNF-α level was detected by ELISA kit. The expression of NF-κB, PPAR γ1, MyHC were detected by Western blot.Results:Compared with the model group, the viability of cells [(101.08±8.92)%, (79.53±5.19)% vs. (69.07±7.16)%] in the 10 μmol/L and 100 μmol/L syringin groups were significantly increased ( P<0.01 or P<0.01), of which 10 μmol/L syringin had better effect. Compared with the model group, the level of NO [(2.92±0.33) μmol/L vs. (3.57±0.41) μmol/L] in the syringin group was significantly decreased after 6 hours of intervention ( P<0.01), and the cells in the syringin group after 24 hours of intervention, the level of TNF-α [(2.73±0.29) pg/ml vs. (4.15±0.29) pg/ml] was significantly decreased ( P<0.01), and the protein expression of cellular NF-κB (0.95±0.24 vs. 1.16±0.28) was significantly decreased ( P<0.05), the protein expression of MyHC (0.79±0.15 vs. 0.70±0.16) was increased ( P<0.05). Conclusion:SYR could inhibit the inflammatory response induced by LPS, promote the activity of myotubes, and antagonize the damage of LPS to myotube cells.
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The microRNAs is a kind of endogenous and non-coding small RNA ,which possesses biological function negatively regulating gene expression.Recent researches also found that artificial controlling some microRNAs ex-pressions can improve heart function via regulating skeletal myoblasts through multiple mechanisms,so may become a new breakthrough point in myocardial infarction treatment area.
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BACKGROUND:There is no simple and effective method to relieve delayed muscle soreness. OBJECTIVE:To conclude the injured mechanism and therapies of delayed muscle soreness by reviewing literature about damage and repair of the skeletal muscle. METHODWanfang and PubMed databases (from January 1991 to January 2014) were retrieved for articles related to morphological structure of the skeletal muscle, mechanism of delayed muscle soreness, and treatment and repair of the skeletal muscle using the keywords of“molecular mechanisms;delayed onset muscle soreness;pain;skeletal muscle;injury”in Chinese and English, respectively. Final y, 24 articles were included in result analysis. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Studies have shown that skeletal muscle injury is related to calcium imbalance, energy imbalance and high concentration of active oxygen. Skeletal muscle injury includes metabolic injury, mechanical injury and inflammatory injury. Insulin-like growth factor, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptorγ-coactivator-1αpromoter and tumor necrosis factorαplay important roles in skeletal muscle repair process. Animal experiments have demonstrated that edaravone may reduce secondary damage and inflammatory infiltration by means of directly preventing rapid peroxidation injury of free radicals in the skeletal muscle. Clinical studies have shown that Chinese medicine preparations, massage and acupuncture can delay the occurrence of exercise-induced muscle injury and fatigue, to improve the speed and quality of the recovery of damaged muscles. The treatment of delayed muscle soreness can achieve satisfactory results by combining physiotherapy with traditional Chinese medicine.
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Objective To investigate whether Th17/Treg imbalance existed,and whether VEGF165 attenuated the imbalance in allogeneic skeletal myoblasts transplantation(allo-SMT) for acute myocardial infarction (AMI).Methods There were 60 C57BL/6 male mice,3 to 4 weeks old,weighting 0.016-0.020 kg.On the day 1,2,4,and 7 after allo-SMT,the percentages of Th17 and Treg cells,and the ratios of Th17/Treg cells were analyzed by FCM in AMI group,AMI-S group(alloSMT) and AMI-Ⅴ group(with VEGF165 treatment).Subsequently,related proinflammatory and regulatory cytokines and key transcription factors ROR-γt mRNA and Foxp3 mRNA expression were examined by Bio-plex and RT-PCR respectively.Results On the day 1,2,4,and 7 after allo-SMT,the percentage of Treg,related cytokines concentrations and transcript factor Foxp3 mRNA in AMI-S group were lower than those in AMI group,while the AMI-Ⅴ group were higher than those in AMI groups.However,the percentage of Th17 cells,related cytokines concentrations,and ROR-γt mRNA in AMI-S group were higher than those in AMI group; but the AMI-Ⅴ group were lower than those in AMI group.Apparently,compared with AMI group,the ratios of Th17/Treg significantly ascended in AMI-S group and decended in AMI-Ⅴ group.Conclusion Th17/Treg imbalance participated in the formation and development of inflammation and immune response after allo-SMT.However,transfected VEGF165 could relieve the severity of Th17/Treg imbalance.
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Objective:To evaluate the therapeutic effect of combined procedure of surgical left ventricular repair (LVR) and skeletal myoblast transplantation for congestive heart failure after myocardial infarction. Methods: Forty-eight male adult Lewis rats, with a four-week old myocardial infarction created by left coronary artery ligation, were randomized into 4 groups: group Ⅰ (n=10) received phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) injection into the border zone of the infarction; group Ⅱ(n=11) received myoblast injection ; group Ⅲ(n=13) received left ventricular repair and simultaneous PBS injection; and group Ⅳ (n=14) received left ventricular repair and myoblast injection. Echocardiography was performed once a week until the fourth week after the treatment. Results: Left ventricle end diastolic diameter (EDD) and end systolic diameter (ESD) declined significantly one week after the LV repair in group Ⅲ and Ⅳ, then increased as time passed; on the fourth week, there were no statistical differences between group Ⅰ,Ⅱ and Ⅲ, but group Ⅳ was still much smaller than the other 3 groups(P