AN OVERVIEW OF STRENGTHENING ELEMENTARY EDUCATION FOR NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT: A LITERATURE REVIEW

This paper focused on empowering elementary education as an effective tool for national development. The purpose of the study is to nd out the strategies to strengthen elementary education. Education is an overall process of not only personal growth but an enriching growth of society and nation. It is the foundation of development of any nation. Educated youth have the ability to think beyond their stagnating lives and contribute to the development of their societies. Education arms individuals with the knowledge of their rights and duties. It is informed citizenry which forms the base for the development of any society (Ram 2020)

A Study On Impact Of Goods And Service Tax On Small Traders With Reference Mysuru District, Karnataka

The study investigates the impact of Goods and Services Taxes on small businesses. Tax policies have such a big impact on the economy in terms of both efficiencies and equity. For Indian government small traders and medium traders are one of the pillars. Here small traders can fill the registration through online itself. In VAT the tax payment where differed from state to state in some states we have earn 10 lakhs we should pay VAT but for some states if its 5 lakhs itself we need to pay VAT. So it leads to confusion and its not much effective. So compare to that in GST we have one nation one tax. So that small and medium traders can go anywhere and can expand there revenue and business anywhere in India. This study is based on both primary data and secondary data. For collecting of primary data from sample respondents used structured questionnaire. Statistical tools like Garrett ranking method and chi-squre test, ANOVA are used for analysis of data

Oral valganciclovir in human immunodeficiency virus-positive patients suffering from cytomegalovirus retinitis at a tertiary care hospital in North India

Purpose: To study clinical efficacy of valganciclovir in cytomegalovirus retinitis (CMVR) in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)?positive?positive patients in a tertiary care clinic in a developing nation. Methods: In a retrospective study, systemic and ocular records of HIV patients suffering from CMVR and treated with valganciclovir, were analyzed. Primary outcome measures were involvement of the other eye, incidence of retinal detachment, systemic involvement, and mortality encountered. Secondary outcome measures included change in BCVA. Results: Out of nine patients who were included, two patients developed CMVR in the other eye and only one patient (11.11%) developed retinal detachment during the course of the study. No patient developed any systemic manifestations or had mortality during the course of the study. The change in BCVA was not statistically significant. Conclusion: Use of oral valganciclovir showed good outcome and was found to be a better alternative compared to the use of intravitreal ganciclovir in the literature. Introduction of valganciclovir at an affordable price in developing nations can decrease disease burden

Gazeta do Norte newspaper and the great Sports Square as nation projects: 'Mold for Tomorrow's Men!'

Abstract Aim: This study contextualizes the establishment of Montes Claros Sports Square, in Minas Gerais, through the look of Gazeta do Norte newspaper, and its alignment with a nation project to be established by the government of Getúlio Vargas, who took office in 1930. He formulated actions for a 'national reconstruction' project, for which, from society, it was necessary to emerge both physically and morally healthy subjects, fundamental conditions for the construction of the aforementioned new nation, and which could reach the Brazilians in the hinterlands. Thus, this study aimed to narrate a history of the construction of Montes Claros Sports Square, from the end of the 1930s until 1945, during Getúlio Vargas' first term as President of the Republic, with Benedito Valadares as Governor of Minas Gerais. Methods: The study was based on the extensive collection of data researched in Gazeta do Norte newspaper. Results: Symbol of a modern project for sports, the Sports Square was announced by the governor during his visit to the city, in January 1939, and established on the Oswaldo Cruz meadow. It is possible to verify that, notably, in the 15 years of Getúlio Vargas' first term, the practice of sports is developed and consolidates itself as an 'actor' in the social space of Montes Claros. Conclusion: In this city, in addition to the construction of the Sports Square, it was necessary to educate and inform the individuals. It can be said that the newspaper Gazeta do Norte firmly contributed to Vargas' nation project.

Fútbol, nación y mujeres en Argentina: redefiniendo el campo del poder / Futebol, nação e mulheres na Argentina: redefinindo o campo do poder / Football, nation, and women in Argentina: redefining the field of power

¿Quiénes han protagonizado los relatos sobre la nación? ¿Quiénes han narrado las historias sobre el deporte, el fútbol y la patria? ¿Qué instituciones fueron centrales en esta construcción? ¿Qué sucedió con las mujeres? y ¿Cuáles han sido los argumentos para excluirlas del campo de juego? Estas y otras preguntas organizan el presente artículo, que tiene como meta reflexionar en torno al deporte como una práctica generizada y generizante, como un espacio de producción de desigualdades y, también, de oportunidades. Los datos que sostienen el argumento de este artículo provienen de los análisis de las entrevistas y charlas informales que hemos tenido con las jugadoras de la Selección Nacional de Fútbol y de equipos de la liga oficial de la Asociación de Fútbol Argentino (AFA) y de las notas de la edición online del diario Olé durante el Mundial de Fútbol Femenino 2019 en Francia.

Quem tem protagonizado os relatos sobre a nação? Quem tem narrado as histórias sobre o esporte, o futebol e a pátria? Que instituições foram centrais nessas construções? O que aconteceu com as mulheres? Quais têm sido os argumentos para excluí-las do campo de jogo? Estas e outras perguntas organizam o presente artigo que tem como meta refletir sobre o esporte como prática generificada e generificadora, como um espaço de produção de desigualdades e, também, de oportunidades. Os dados que sustentam o argumento deste artigo provêm da análise de entrevistas e conversas informais que tivemos com as jogadoras da Seleção Nacional de Futebol e de equipes da liga oficial da Associação de Futebol Argentino (AFA) e das notícias da edição online do jornal Olé durante a Copa do Mundo de Futebol Feminino de 2019 na França.

Who has featured in the stories about the nation? Who has been able to narrate the histories of sport, football, and the fatherland? What institutions have been central to this construction? But where are the women? Which arguments have been used to exclude them from the field of play? These and other questions guide this article which aims to reflect on sport as a gendered and gendering practice, as a space of production of inequalities as well as opportunities. This article builds its arguments upon data drawn from the analysis of interviews and informal discussions the authors have carried out with football players from Argentina's women's national team and the official Argentine Football Association's (AFA) Women's League as well as articles from the online edition of the daily sport publication Olé during the FIFA 2019 Women's World Cup in France.

Land, Nation and Post-Independent Hindi Cinema: A Case Study of Mother India and Do Bigha Zameen

The idea of nation has been constructed, debated and reconstructed in socio-cultural representations throughout the world. In case of India, theidea of nation is deeply connected with the idea of land relations as a cultural policy. Hindi popular cinema after the Indian independenceembraced the subject of land as its narrative trope and tried to disseminate the idea of a self-sufficient independent nation. Mehboob's MotherIndia (1957) became an instrumental cinematic venture not only for the Bombay film industry, but for constructing an idea of an 'Indianness'based on the metaphor of land as the mother. If the role of the Indian state was shown triumphantly way in Mother India in dealing with theproblem of land in the post-independent nation, Do Bigha Zameen (1953) questioned the very validity of such statist interventions, especially atthe wake of Jawaharlal Nehru's Five Year Plans for industrial development. Mother India and Do Bigha Zameen became two most important filmtexts of national film culture when it comes to the question of land and peasant lives. Ironically, these two films can be considered as twodistorted mirror images of each other in their gaze on questions of land in early post-independence era.

Effect of Parental Socio-economic Status and Lifestyle Habits on Risk of Childhood Obesity in a Developing Nation: A Cross-Sectional Study

Background:The prevalence of childhood obesity (COB) in the developing world is currently high and is rising rapidly. Unlike developed countries, studies evaluating the association between parental socio-economic status (SES) and risk of COB in developing countriesare limited. Besides, the association varies across country and race/ethnicity and changes overtime. The aim of this study was to assess the association between parental SES and life style habits (LSHs) and risk of COB in Uyo, Southern Nigeria.Methods:Five hundred pupils and the corresponding number of parents were examined between April and September 2018 using socio-demographic/LSHs assessment questionnaire and body mass index (BMI) evaluation. Data analysis was performed and frequencies and percentages were computed. Associations between SES and LSHs of parents and risk of COW/COB were evaluated using multiple logistic regression analysis. Odds ratios and corresponding 95% confidence intervals were estimated.Results:The prevalence of COW and COB was3.4% and 16% respectively. The risk of COW/COB was higher among children whose parents had high level of education (OR=1.81, C.I=1.985-3.327,P=0.046), high level of income(OR=16.07, C.I=3.773-68.455,P=0.0001), employed(OR=1.138,C.I=0.157-12.057) and poor dietary habits. High level of physical activity of fathers and high income level of mothers decreased the risk of COW/COB Conclusion: High SES and poor LSHs of parents are associated with increased risk of COW/COB. Interventions necessary to reduce high prevalence of COW/COB in our cities and other developing countries should include among other risk factors parental SES and LSHs.

A Educação Física nos periódicos da Academia Imperial de Medicina entre 1870 e 1889 / Physical Education in the periodics of the Imperial Medicine Academy between 1870 and 1889 / La Educación Física en los periódicos de la Academia Imperial de Medicina entre 1870 y 1889

A educação física era uma das preocupações do pensamento médico na cidade do Rio de Janeiro durante boa parte do século XIX. Nesse artigo trataremos das representações sobre a educação física em dois periódicos da Academia Imperial de Medicina entre 1870 e 1889. Nos interessa inquirir em suas páginas os debates, representações e discussões erigidos acerca do tema educação física, ao longo período de circulação dos mesmos nos anos de 1870 a 1889. Pela analise das fontes percebe-se que a educação física estava relacionada a uma preocupação com a formação da Nação brasileira nas décadas de 1870 e 1880. A higiene deveria criar a gramática de como criar o povo brasileiro pela educação física.

Physical education was one of the concerns of medical thinking in the city of Rio de Janeiro during century XIX. In this paper we will discuss representations about physical education in two journals of the Imperial Academy of Medicine between 1870 and 1889. We are interested in asking representations and discussions about the theme of physical education, during the period of 1870 to 1889. From the analysis of the sources it is perceived that physical education was related to a concern with the formation of the Brazilian Nation. Hygiene should create the grammar of how to create the Brazilian people through physical education.

La educación física era una de las preocupaciones del pensamiento médico en la ciudad de Río de Janeiro durante buena parte del siglo XIX. En este artículo trataremos de las representaciones sobre la educación física en dos periódicos de la Academia Imperial de Medicina entre 1870 y 1889. Nos interesa inquirir en sus páginas los debates, representaciones y discusiones erigidas acerca del tema educación física, a lo largo de la circulación de los mismos en los años de 1870 a 1889. Por el análisis de las fuentes se percibe que la educación física estaba relacionada a una preocupación con la formación de la Nación brasileña en las décadas de 1870 y 1880. La higiene debería crear la gramática de cómo crear al pueblo brasileño por la educación física.

Simultaneous Determination of Gallic Acid ，Cinnamic Acid and Catechin in 3 Processed Products of Rheum officinale by RP- HPLC / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE： To establish a method for simultaneous determination of gallic acid， cinnamic acid and catechin in 3 processed products of Rheum officinale. METHODS： RP-HPLC method was established. The determination was performed on Thermo ScientificTM Hypersil GOLD Dim column with mobile phase consisted of methanol-0.1％ phosphoric acid solution （gradient elution） at the flow rate of 1.0 mL/min. The detection wavelength was set at 278 nm， and the column temperature was 30 ℃. The sample size was 10 μL. RESULTS： The linear range of gallic acid， cinnamic acid and catechin were 0.126 2-1.262 0 μg（r＝0.999 9）， 0.036 2-0.362 0  μg（r＝0.999 9） and 0.177 9-1.779 4 μg（r＝0.999 8）， respectively. Quantitative limits were 25.4， 28.2， 62.5 ng， and detection limits were 6.2， 3.6， 11.8 ng， respectively. RSDs of precision， stability， repeatability and durability tests were all less than 3％. The recoveries ranged from 94.64％-102.71％（RSD＝2.74％， n＝9）， 95.35％-102.49％（RSD＝2.44％， n＝9）， 93.56％-103.66％（RSD＝3.27％， n＝9）. The determination results showed that the contents of gallic acid and cinnamic acid in prepared R. officinale were higher， and the order of both were prepared R. officinale＞steamed R. officinale＞raw R. officinale. The content of catechin in raw R. officinale was higher， and the order of it was raw R. officinale＞ steamed R. officinale＞prepared R. officinale. CONCLUSIONS： The method is sensitive， reliable and reproducible. It can be used to determine the contents of gallic acid， cinnamic acid and catechins in 3 processed products of R. officinale simultaneously.

7．Health Technology Assessment from the Viewpoint of Patients and Patient Groups / 薬剤疫学

Patients can receive advanced medical care at a relatively low burden with the support of the system of the public health insurance for the whole nation and high-cost medical expense benefit in Japan. Despite these systems, some patients feel that they have many economic burden of medical care and cancer patient groups have demanded the reduction of economic burden. On the other hand some claim that the application of insurance to new drugs should be revised as the prices of new drugs are highly rising. As for health technology assessment cost-effectiveness evaluation is now being introduced from the point of cutting costs and patients now do not participate in the process of appraisal.

La sociedad argentina: propuesta de una construcción de nación desde una mirada psicológico-social / Argentine medicine and society: proposal of construction of a nation from a psychological perspective

En 1912, José María Ramos Mejía académico y científico de trayectoria fue Profesor de enfermedades nerviosas en la Facultad de Medicina de la Universidad de Buenos Aires, publicó como introducción al libro "Rosas y su tiempo" una obra relevante para la historia intelectual argentina: Las multitudes argentinas. Estudio de psicología colectiva. Su mirada se asentaría sobre un tópico que dejó una huella que hoy pervive: la conformación de la sociedad argentina en su sen- tido nacional abordada desde pautas de comportamiento. La formación médica permitiría al autor realizar un análisis profundo sobre las raíces conductuales de la unidad argentina. En breve reseña proponemos recuperar ciertas ideas de su libro para una continua reflexión sobre nuestra sociedad argentina.

José María Ramos Mejía published in 1912 a paper relevant to the intellectual argentine history:"Las multitudes argentinas. Estudio de psicología colectiva" The essay was introductory of the book "Rosas y su tiempo". Ramos Mejía was a well known scientist, teacher of nervous diseases in the Faculty of Medicine of the University of Buenos Aires. The medical formation allowed him to realize a deep analysis on the behavioral roots of the Argentine unit and settle itself on a topic that left a fingerprint living up to date: the conformation of the Argentine society in her national sense approached from guidelines of behavior. We make a short outline looking to recover his ideas that reflect over our Argentine society.

Em 1912, um trabalho excelente foi publicado para a história argentina intelectual, Las multitudes argentinas. Estudio de psicología colectiva para servir de introducción al libro Rosas y su tiempo. realizado por José María Ramos Mejía. Acadêmico e reconhecido científico. Foi Professor de doenças nervosas na Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Buenos Aires. Seu olhar fixou-se em um assunto que deixou uma marca que hoje permanece: a conformação da sociedade argentina em seu sentido nacional abordada a partir dos padrões de comportamento. A formação médica permitiria ao autor fazer uma análise das raízes de comportamento da unidade argentina. Propomos recuperar certas ideias de seu livro para uma reflexão contínua em nossa sociedade argentina. Palavras chave: medicina. nação. sociedade argentina. José María Ramos Mejía.

La patria televisada: la representación de la peruanidad en dos comerciales rumbo al Mundial Brasil 2014 / The homeland televised: the representation of Peruvians in two commercials in the road to Brazil 2014 World Cup / O país na televisão: a representação da identidade peruana em dois propagandas de qualificação para a Copa do Mundo Brasil 2014

Resumen El presente artículo analiza la representación de la identidad nacional peruana en dos comerciales televisivos transmitidos durante las Eliminatorias Brasil 2014. Se busca revelar la manera en que los discursos publicitarios deportivos en el Perú moldean y conciben el proceso de construcción de una nación compacta y homogénea a través del significante inclusivo del fútbol en su modalidad Selección Nacional. Mediante el imperativo de unirse en el aliento a la selección de fútbol y la búsqueda del objetivo mundialista, las enunciaciones publicitarias pretenden incluir a todos los peruanos bajo el paraguas de la idea de nación aún cuando esta premisa sea imposible en la práctica, lo que lo convierte en una fantasía ideológica.

Abstract This article analyzes the representation of the Peruvian national identity in two television commercials aired during Brazil 2014 qualifiers. It seeks to reveal how sports advertising discourses in Peru shape and conceive the process of building a compact and homogeneous nation through the inclusive signifier of football in his National Team mode. By joining into the imperative breath to the football and the research of the World Cup objective, the advertisings utterances seek to include all Peruvians under the umbrella of the idea of nation, transforming it into an ideological fantasy.

Resumo Este artigo analisa o desempenho da identidade nacional peruana em dois comerciais de televisão foi ao ar durante a Copa do Mundo de qualificação de 2014. Brasil pretende revelar como discursos publicitários esportes no Peru forma e conceber o processo de construção de uma nação e compacto homogênea através significante inclusive da modalidade da equipe nacional de futebol. Pelo imperativo de respiração para se juntar a Copa do Mundo eo destino da pesquisa, declarações de anúncios procurar incluir todos os peruanos, sob a égide da idéia de nação, mesmo quando essa suposição é impossível, na prática, o que torna-se uma fantasia ideológica.

Hemoglobinas variantes na área médica e no discurso cotidiano: um olhar sobre raça, nação e genética no Brasil contemporâneo / Variant haemoglobins in medical and everyday discourses: race, nation and genetics in contemporary Brazil

Resumo Este artigo analisa a relação entre discursos médicos e noções cotidianas sobre raça, população e nação. Para isso, tomo como estudo de caso a comparação entre o uso dessas categorias na produção de artigos acadêmicos de dois renomados hematologistas brasileiros sobre a presença de hemoglobinas variantes patológicas no Brasil e a compreensão que famílias de pacientes diagnosticados com doença falciforme têm dessas mesmas questões. A comparação permite mostrar não só como os discursos da medicina influenciam o modo como questões relacionadas a raça e hereditariedade são compreendidas pelo público mais amplo, mas também a impossibilidade de separar em ambos casos, tanto na produção médica quanto nas falas dos pacientes, as noções sobre raça e hereditariedade de ideias mais amplas sobre o passado e o futuro da nação.

Abstract This article analyses the relationship between medical discourses and everyday notions of race, population and nation, using as case study the comparison between the use of these categories in medical articles of two renowned Brazilian haematologists on the presence of pathological variant haemoglobins in Brazil and the understanding of families of patients diagnosed with sickle-cell anaemia on the same questions. Through this comparison it is possible to see not only how medical discourses influence everyday notions of race and heredity, but also how in both cases these notions are inextricable from wider ideas about the past and future of the Brazilian nation.

Rehabilitation 2030: Meet Ever-increasing Rehabilitation Needs / 中国康复理论与实践

@#This paper discussed the gap between the unmet needs and services of rehabilitation at global level and advocated implementation of "WHO Global Disability Action Plan 2014-2021". The following recommendations had been made: expanding coverage, improving quality, enhancing monitoring, and integrating data of functioning and disability, and rehabilitation into national health information system. It is important to develop rehabilitation to meet clients' rehabilitation needs to promote realization of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals 2030 (SDGs).

Rehabilitation 2030: Realization of United Nation Sustainable Development Goals 2030 / 中国康复理论与实践

@#Objective To explore Rehabilitation 2030: international policy and development. Methods Literature review and policy research were used. Results This article analyzed the relationship between Rehabilitation 2030 and United Nation Sustainable Development Goals 2030 (SDGs), especially Goal 3, explained the significance of rehabilitation to implementation of the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD), discussed Rehabilitation 2030 actions in awarenessraising, promotion of universal health coverage and accessibility of rehabilitation, development of governance of rehabilitation to enhance the quality and reduce the expense of rehabilitation, and construction of health information system inclusive to data of functioning and disability, and improvement of research of disability and rehabilitation using International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) model. Conclusion SDGs can be reached by actions of Rehabilitation 2030.

Estado de necesidad: la Cruz Roja Española en Marruecos, 1886-1927 / A state of need: the Spanish Red Cross in Morocco, 1886-1927

Resumen Este trabajo estudia la función central que los Estados-nación continuaron teniendo en la Cruz Roja durante el periodo de entreguerras. A finales del siglo XIX, España lideró la creación de instituciones humanitarias de estilo europeo en Marruecos. Sin embargo, su secular inestabilidad como Estado, agravada por el desastre colonial de 1898, terminó con el proyecto regeneracionista de una Cruz Roja marroquí. Cuando en 1912 se estableció el protectorado español, la Cruz Roja Española quedó marginada por la competencia francesa, la internacionalización de Tánger y el rechazo local. Éste último culminó en la llamada Guerra del Rif de 1921-1927, mezcla de revuelta anticolonial y guerra internacional, que expuso de forma cruda las prolongadas necesidades del Estado español y su Cruz Roja.

Abstract This article studies the central role of nation-states in the Red Cross during the interwar period. In the late nineteenth century, Spain pioneered the creation of European-style humanitarian institutions in Morocco. However, its perennial instability as a state, aggravated by the colonial disaster of 1898, put an end to the regenerationist project of a Moroccan Red Cross. When the Spanish protectorate was established in 1912, the Spanish Red Cross was overshadowed by competition from its French counterpart, the internationalization of Tangiers and resistance from the local inhabitants. This culminated in the so-called Rif War of 1921-1927, a mixture of anticolonial revolt and international war that vividly exposed the ingrained deficiencies of the Spanish State and its Red Cross.

Difference in lateral cephalogram of the male patients with Uygur and Han OSAHS / 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

Objective:To investigate the difference of lateral cephalogram, PSG, BMI in Uygur and Han OSAHS male patients. Method:OSAHS male patients with 33 Uygur cases and 42 Han cases,30 normal Uygur cases and 36 normal Han cases were taken as control.Lateral cephalogram of upright position in waking state, then comparecraniofacial strcture parameters and PSG dates, etc. Result:Patients in OSAHS group and normal group had significant differences in the MP-H, PAS, PNS-P, BMI (P<0.05), the Uygur healthy men and Uygur male OSAHS patients had significant difference in the ANB° (P<0.05). The difference was statistically significant in PNS-P, MP-H and BMI in Uygur and Han OSAHS male patients (P<0.05). Conclusion:The differences in airway plane, hyoid position and length of soft palate and weight were significantly different between healthy men and OSAHS men. Han OSAHS male patients and Uygur male patients had significant differences in Hyoid position, length of the soft palate and weight. Lateral cephalogram can judge blocking site of upper airway and provide opration plan.

Survey and analysis on professional identity of nursing students in different nations before clinical practice / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective To investigate the status of professional identity of Xinjiang nursing students and analysis on the differences in different nations and educational levels, so as to provide the basis for nursing professional identity education. Methods By cluster sampling,a total of 626 nursing students of two schools in Xinjiang were surveyed by general information questionnaire and the Professional Identification Scale for nursing students. Results Theprofessional identity level of Xinjiang nursingstudents was in the medium level scored 62.13 ± 12.54. The highest level was Uighur nursing students scored 67.76 ± 10.9, followed by other national nursing studentsscored 59.44 ± 12.99, the lowest level was Han national nursing studentsscored 56.41 ± 11.25 (F=69.654, P<0.05). The highest level of professional identity was secondary school studentsscored 66.71 ± 10.96, followed by junior college studentsscored 59.33 ± 8.23, the lowest level was undergraduate studentsscored 57.32 ± 12.54 (F=49.815, P < 0.05). Conclusions The professional identity of nursing students is not high,and were affected by many factors. It is suggested that nursing educational workers should take various measures to implement nursing students professional emotional education. Nursing teachers should possess higher level of professional identity,and guide students to set up the correct professional identity in various angles.

The clinic features of upper gastrointestinal bleeding among Hui-Nation patients admitted hospital on Ramadan / 中华急诊医学杂志

Objective The aim of this study was to analyze the characteristics of upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB) admitted on Ramadan or no-Ramadan.Methods We analyzed HuiNation patients' admissions of UGIB in Ningxia Medical University General Hospital from 2000 to 2013 (a total of 1192 admissions).Differences in etiological,transfusion undergo early esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) and hospital stays between Hui-Nation patients on Ramadan.Results Ramadan admissions were associated with significantly higher hemorrhage rates than no-Ramadan admissions among Hui-Nation patients.Peptic ulcer (56％),esophageal varices (17％) and gastric erosive (12％) were the main reason of UGIB in Ramadan.Ramadan admissions were associated with significantly blood transfusion,less likely to undergo early EGD,mortality and long length of stay (p ＜ 0.05).Conclusions Ramadan admission of UGIH was higher than no-Ramadan.Doctor should pay more attention to this phenomenon.