ABSTRACT
@#Introduction: Atopic dermatitis (AD) is not only a cosmetic nuisance but is also associated with a significant impact on mental health and quality of life. Psychological symptoms are highly related to poor treatment adherence and recovery, more comorbidities, and a significant overall socioeconomic burden. Identifying the factors associated with anxiety and depression among patients with AD is important to modify and reduce the risk of developing these psychiatric complications. Methods: This was correlational research conducted in the dermatology clinic of four hospitals in Klang Valley, namely Hospital Kuala Lumpur, Hospital Tengku Ampuan Rahimah Klang, Hospital Selayang, and Hospital Ampang. By using a purposive sampling method, 128 samples (n=128) of adult patients with AD aged 18-65 were included. A questionnaire was administered regarding sociodemographic background, illness characteristics of AD, the Investigator’s Global Assessment (IGA), Malay version of the Automatic Thought Questionnaire-17, GAD-7, and PHQ-9. Results: The prevalence of anxiety and depressive symptoms among adult patients with AD is 31.3% and 46.9% respectively. Multivariable logistic regression analysis revealed that age and personal maladjustment (PM) predict anxiety symptoms, while only negative self-concept/expectation (NSNE) predicts depressive symptoms. The hierarchical logistic regression model explained 51% (Nagelkerke’s R2) of the variance in anxiety symptoms and 56% (Nagelkerke’s R2) of depressive symptoms. Conclusion: There is a high proportion of anxiety and depressive symptoms among adult patients with AD which is associated with negative automatic thoughts. In the management of adult patients with AD, clinicians should consider mental health symptom screening and monitoring.
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of negative automatic thoughts on depression in adolescence. METHODS: The participants were 1037 middle school students (521 boys and 516 girls) and 872 high school students (415 boys and 457 girls). They completed self administered questionnaires; The CES-D and the K-CATS. The ANOVA tests were conducted with gender (2 levels) and grade (5 levels) as independent variables, and Pearson correlation analysis and stepwise multiple regression analysis also were conducted. RESULTS: The results showed that both depression and negative automatic thoughts are very high in females with significant age differences; highest in the age of 17, the late adolescence. And depression was significantly predicted by the combination of depression cognition, social anxiety cognition, and physical threat cognition, with 51% estimation. Depression cognition and social anxiety cognition significantly predicted depression in males in 45%. In females, depression cognition, social anxiety cognition, and physical threat cognition predicted depression in 57%. CONCLUSION: Negative thoughts have high impacts on depression, and depression cognition has a significant impact particularly on the depressinon of females. The limitations of the present study and directions for the future research were discussed.
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Female , Humans , Male , Anxiety , Cognition , Depression , Surveys and QuestionnairesABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of negative automatic thoughts on depression in adolescence. METHODS: The participants were 1037 middle school students (521 boys and 516 girls) and 872 high school students (415 boys and 457 girls). They completed self administered questionnaires; The CES-D and the K-CATS. The ANOVA tests were conducted with gender (2 levels) and grade (5 levels) as independent variables, and Pearson correlation analysis and stepwise multiple regression analysis also were conducted. RESULTS: The results showed that both depression and negative automatic thoughts are very high in females with significant age differences; highest in the age of 17, the late adolescence. And depression was significantly predicted by the combination of depression cognition, social anxiety cognition, and physical threat cognition, with 51% estimation. Depression cognition and social anxiety cognition significantly predicted depression in males in 45%. In females, depression cognition, social anxiety cognition, and physical threat cognition predicted depression in 57%. CONCLUSION: Negative thoughts have high impacts on depression, and depression cognition has a significant impact particularly on the depressinon of females. The limitations of the present study and directions for the future research were discussed.