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1.
Radiol. bras ; 54(2): 87-93, Jan.-Apr. 2021. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1155241

ABSTRACT

Abstract Objective: To determine whether the radiomic features of lung lesions on computed tomography correlate with overall survival in lung cancer patients. Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective study involving 101 consecutive patients with malignant neoplasms confirmed by biopsy or surgery. On computed tomography images, the lesions were submitted to semi-automated segmentation and were characterized on the basis of 2,465 radiomic variables. The prognostic assessment was based on Kaplan-Meier analysis and log-rank tests, according to the median value of the radiomic variables. Results: Of the 101 patients evaluated, 28 died (16 dying from lung cancer), and 73 were censored, with a mean overall survival time of 1,819.4 days (95% confidence interval [95% CI]: 1,481.2-2,157.5). One radiomic feature (the mean of the Fourier transform) presented a difference on Kaplan-Meier curves (p < 0.05). A high-risk group of patients was identified on the basis of high values for the mean of the Fourier transform. In that group, the mean survival time was 1,465.4 days (95% CI: 985.2-1,945.6), with a hazard ratio of 2.12 (95% CI: 1.01-4.48). We also identified a low-risk group, in which the mean of the Fourier transform was low (mean survival time of 2,164.8 days; 95% CI: 1,745.4-2,584.1). Conclusion: A radiomic signature based on the Fourier transform correlates with overall survival, representing a prognostic biomarker for risk stratification in patients with lung cancer.


Resumo Objetivo: Associar características radiômicas de lesões pulmonares em imagens de tomografia computadorizada com a sobrevida global de pacientes com câncer de pulmão. Materiais e Métodos: Estudo retrospectivo composto por 101 pacientes consecutivos com neoplasia maligna confirmada por biópsia/cirurgia. As lesões foram semiautomaticamente segmentadas e caracterizadas por 2.465 variáveis radiômicas. A avaliação prognóstica foi baseada na análise de Kaplan-Meier e no teste log-rank, de acordo com a mediana dos valores das variáveis. Resultados: Vinte e oito pacientes faleceram (16 por câncer de pulmão) e 73 foram censurados, com tempo médio de sobrevida de 1.819,4 dias (intervalo de confiança 95% [IC 95%]: 1.481,2-2.157,5). Uma característica radiômica (média de Fourier) apresentou diferença nas curvas de Kaplan-Meier (p < 0,05). Um grupo de pacientes de maior risco foi identificado a partir de valores altos da variável: sobrevida de 1.465,4 dias (IC 95%: 985,2-1.945,6) e razão de risco de 2,12 (IC 95%: 1,01-4,48). Um grupo de menor risco foi identificado a partir de valores baixos da variável (sobrevida de 2.164,8 dias; IC 95%: 1.745,4-2.584,1). Conclusão: Este estudo apresentou uma assinatura radiômica em imagens de tomografia computadorizada, baseada na transformada de Fourier, correlacionada com a sobrevida global de pacientes com câncer de pulmão, representando assim um biomarcador prognóstico.

2.
Rev. cuba. med. mil ; 50(1): e523, 2021.
Article in Spanish | LILACS, CUMED | ID: biblio-1289502

ABSTRACT

Introducción: El cáncer de pulmón se considera el tumor maligno que más muertes produce en el mundo, por encima de otros cánceres y en el 90 por ciento de los casos se diagnostica en estadios avanzados. Objetivos: Describir una forma atípica de presentación de una neoplasia de pulmón. Caso clínico: Paciente masculino de 68 años, fumador de más de 37 años, con antecedentes de insuficiencia cardíaca para lo cual llevó tratamiento con nitrosorbide (10 mg) 1 tableta cada 8 horas y aspirina (125 mg) 1 tableta al día. Refirió dolor en miembro inferior izquierdo, intenso que no se aliviaba durante todo el día y se exacerbaba con los movimientos y esfuerzos físicos. Además, presentó aumento de volumen en la región anterior media del tórax, de aproximadamente 15 cm de longitud, dura, dolorosa, de bordes regulares, superficie lisa. No tuvo tos, disnea, fiebre u otra sintomatología. Conclusiones: El paciente tuvo una forma diferente de presentación de la neoplasia de pulmón. No presentó manifestaciones respiratorias que orientaran hacia la identificación de una causa pulmonar. Es necesaria la identificación del patrón cancerígeno, así como su estadiaje para prescribir el tratamiento y conducta adecuada (AU)


Introduction: Lung cancer is considered the malignant tumor that produces more deaths in the world over other cancers and in 90 percent of cases they are diagnosed in advanced stages. Objectives: To describe an atypical form of presentation of lung neoplasia. Clinical case: A 68-year-old male patient, a smoker over 37 years of age, with a history of heart failure for which he was treated with nitrosorbide (10 mg) 1 tablet every 8 hours and aspirin (125 mg) 1 tablet per day. He reported pain in the lower left limb, which was not relieved throughout the day and was exacerbated by physical movements and efforts. In addition, there was an increase in volume in the middle anterior region of the chest, approximately 15 cm long, hard, painful, with regular edges, smooth surface. He had no cough, dyspnea, fever or other symptoms. Conclusions: The patient had a different form of lung neoplasia presentation. He did not present respiratory manifestations that oriented towards the identification of a pulmonary cause. The identification of the carcinogenic pattern is necessary, as well as its staging to prescribe the appropriate treatment and management(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Aged , Cough , Smegmamorpha , Heart Failure , Isosorbide Dinitrate/therapeutic use , Lung Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging
3.
Neumol. pediátr. (En línea) ; 16(4): 172-176, 2021. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1362265

ABSTRACT

El sarcoma sinovial primario de pulmón (SSPP) localizado en bronquio, es una entidad no reportada en la edad pediátrica. Se presenta el caso de un niño de siete años con antecedente de aparentes neumonías recurrentes derechas de siete meses de evolución; en la evaluación por neumología pediátrica se destaca en las radiografías de tórax, la presencia de atelectasias recurrentes en lóbulo medio e inferior derecho, por lo que se realiza broncoscopia, donde se observa una masa obstruyendo el 100% de la luz del bronquio fuente derecho y se sospecha tumor carcinoide. Se realiza extirpación de masa endobronquial con fines diagnósticos y terapéuticos, incluyendo resección segmentaria bronquial y anastomosis término-terminal. El respectivo análisis inmunohistoquímico muestra hallazgos sugestivos de sarcoma sinovial monofásico. Se descarta compromiso tumoral extrapulmonar, por lo que se diagnostica como tumor primario de bronquio. Se administraron 7 ciclos de quimioterapia y 31 sesiones de radioterapia. Actualmente en control, sin evidencia de metástasis, tumores residuales o recidivas.


Primary Synovial Sarcoma of Lung (PSSL) located in the bronchus is an unreported entity in pediatric age. We present the case of a 7-year-old child with a history of apparent recurrent right pneumonia of 7 months of evolution; in the evaluation by pediatric pulmonology, the presence of recurrent atelectasis in the middle and lower right lobe is highlighted on chest X-rays, so bronchoscopy is performed, where a mass is observed obstructing 100% of the right bronchus lumen and carcinoid tumor is suspected. Endobronchial mass resection is performed for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes, including bronchial segmental resection and termino-terminal anastomosis. The respective immunohistochemical analysis shows suggestive findings of monophasic synovial sarcoma. Extrapulmonary tumor involvement is ruled out, so it is diagnosed as a primary bronchial tumor. 7 cycles of chemotherapy and 31 sessions of radiation therapy are given. Currently in control, with no evidence of metastasis, residual tumors, or recurrence.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Child , Sarcoma, Synovial/surgery , Sarcoma, Synovial/diagnosis , Lung Neoplasms/surgery , Lung Neoplasms/diagnosis , Bronchoscopy , Radiography, Thoracic , Sarcoma, Synovial/pathology , Lung Neoplasms/pathology
4.
Rev. méd. Paraná ; 79(1): 9-13, 2021.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1282379

ABSTRACT

Este artigo buscou analisar o perfil epidemiológico de casos de câncer de pulmão no município de Curitiba/PR no período de janeiro de 2013 a dezembro de 2017. Pesquisa epidemiológica, transversal e retrospectiva. O material para análise foi coletado nos laboratórios de análise patológica e citologia da cidade, os quais são responsáveis pela análise da maioria dos hospitais de Curitiba e região metropolitana. Os dados coletados foram computados em planilha Excel e avaliados de forma descritiva e analítica. Foram avaliados 749 casos de pacientes com neoplasia pulmonar. Encontrou-se um predomínio no sexo feminino (51,5%); idade média de 63,2 (+ 15,7) anos; subtipo histológico mais comum o adenocarcinoma (41%) seguido de escamoso (15,6%). A localização mais frequente foi dos lobos superiores, somando 82 acometimentos à esquerda e 114 à direita. Os dados encontram-se em consonância com a literatura mundial.


This article analyzed the epidemiological profile of lung cancer cases in Curitiba / PR from January 2013 to December 2017. Epidemiological, transversal and retrospective study. The material for analysis was collected in the pathological analysis and cytology laboratories of the city. These laboratories are responsible for the analysis of the majority hospitals in Curitiba and the metropolitan region. The collected data were computed in an Excel spreadsheet and evaluated descriptively and analytically. 749 cases of patients with lung cancer were evaluated. There was a predominance of females (51.5%); mean age of 63.2 (+ 15.7) years; most common histological subtype is adenocarcinoma (41%) followed by squamous (15.6%). The most frequent location was of the upper lobes: 82 on the left and 114 on the right. The results are in line with the world literature.


Subject(s)
Humans , Adenocarcinoma , Epidemiology , Lung Neoplasms
5.
Rev. chil. enferm. respir ; 35(2): 116-123, jun. 2019. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1020627

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Determinar el rendimiento diagnóstico del PET/CT en el estudio de nódulo pulmonar (NP) utilizando SUVmax. MÉTODO: Se revisó la base de datos de PET/CT, seleccionando aquellos solicitados para estudio de NP sólido. Se incluyeron sólo aquellos NP confirmados como malignos o benignos. Se excluyó NP subsólidos, masas pulmonares (> 3 cm), y pacientes con metástasis conocidas. Se midió SUVmax de las lesiones, determinando mejores valores de corte para malignidad y benignidad. RESULTADOS: De los 140 NP estudiados, el 60% (84/140) fueron confirmados como malignos y el 40% como benignos (100% y 59,6% de confirmación histológica, respectivamente). Un SUVmax ≤ 1,0 mostró sensibilidad 98,8%, valor predictivo negativo (VPN) 96,2%, y Likelihood ratio negativo (LR -) 0,027. Un SUVmax ≤ 2,5 no fue capaz de asegurar razonablemente benignidad con VPN 69,4%, y LR - 0,295. Valores de SUV > 2,5 y 5,0 se asociaron a malignidad en 83% y 93% de los casos, respectivamente (LR+ 3,333 y 8,889). CONCLUSIÓN: El PET/CT presenta alto rendimiento diagnóstico en estimar la naturaleza de un NP Un valor de SUVmax ≤ 1 es altamente predictivo de benignidad, y un valor de SUVmax ≥ 2,5 de malignidad. Valores entre 1,0 y 2,5 no permiten caracterizar eficientemente los NP.


AIM: To establish the diagnostic accuracy of PET/CT in study of solid lung nodule (LN) using SUVmax index. METHOD: We revised PET/CT data base, selecting those scans asked to evaluate a solid LN. Only confirmed malign o benign LN were included. Subsolid LN, lung masses (> 3 cm), and known or suspected lung metastases were excluded. SUVmax was measured in each LN, and best cutoff for malignant and benign lesion was calculated. RESULTS: Of the whole group of 140 LN, 60% were confirmed as malignant, and 40% as benign (100% and 59,6% of histological confirmation, respectively). SUVmax ≤ 1,0 showed sensibility of 98,8%, negative predictive value (NPV) of 96,2%, and negative likelihood ratio (LR —) of 0,027. SUVmax ≤ 2,5 was not able to guarantee reasonably benign nature of LN, showing NPV of 69,4% and LR - of 0,295. SUVmax > 2,5 and > 5,0 was associated to malign lesion in 83% and 93% of cases, respectively (LR + of 3,333 and 8,889). CONCLUSION: PET/CT shows high accuracy estimating the nature of solid LN. SUVmax ≤ 1,0 is highly predictive of benignity, and SUVmax ≥ 2,5 is highly predictive of malignancy. SUVmax values between 1,0 and 2,5 were not able to characterize efficiently LN.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Young Adult , Solitary Pulmonary Nodule/diagnostic imaging , Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography/methods , Lung Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging , Predictive Value of Tests , Sensitivity and Specificity , Solitary Pulmonary Nodule/pathology , Lung Neoplasms/pathology
6.
J. bras. pneumol ; 45(4): e20170458, 2019. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1012567

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Objective: To translate the European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) 29-item Quality of Life Questionnaire-Lung Cancer Module (QLQ-LC29, developed for the assessment of quality of life in patients with lung cancer) to Portuguese, conducting a pilot study of the Portuguese-language version and adapting it for use in Brazil. Methods: For the translation, cultural adaptation, and pilot testing of the QLQ-LC29, we followed the guidelines established by the EORTC. The translation (English → Portuguese) and back-translation (Portuguese → English) were both carried out by translators, working independently, who were native speakers of one language and fluent in the other. After review, a draft version was created for pilot testing in lung cancer patients in Brazil. Results: A total of 15 patients diagnosed with lung cancer completed the Portuguese-language version of the questionnaire. At the end of the process, we conducted a structured interview to identify any patient difficulty in understanding any of the questions. The final versions were sent to the EORTC and were approved. Conclusions: The Portuguese-language version of the EORTC QLQ-LC29 appears to be a useful, important, reliable questionnaire that is a valid tool for assessing quality of life in patients with lung cancer in Brazil.


RESUMO Objetivo: O objetivo deste estudo foi traduzir, adaptar culturalmente e realizar um ensaio piloto para criar a versão em português do Brasil do questionário da European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) denominado Quality of Life Questionnaire-Lung Cancer (QLQ-LC29, lung module), desenvolvido para a avaliação da qualidade de vida em doentes com câncer de pulmão. Métodos: Foram seguidas as orientações da EORTC para a tradução, a adaptação cultural e a realização de um ensaio piloto do QLQ-LC29. Foi realizado o processo de tradução (inglês → português) e tradução reversa (português → inglês) por tradutores independentes nativos em um dos idiomas e fluentes no outro idioma. Após revisão, uma versão preliminar for criada para o ensaio piloto com pacientes no Brasil. Resultados: No total, 15 pacientes com diagnóstico de câncer de pulmão preencheram a versão em português do Brasil do questionário. No final, foi conduzida uma entrevista estruturada para identificar qualquer dificuldade em alguma das perguntas. As versões finais foram enviadas para a EORTC e aprovadas. Conclusões: A versão em português do Brasil do EORTC QLQ-LC29 (lung module) é uma ferramenta útil, importante, fidedigna e válida para a aferição da qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde em pacientes com neoplasia pulmonar.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Aged , Quality of Life , Translations , Surveys and Questionnaires/standards , Lung Neoplasms/physiopathology , Reference Values , Brazil , Pilot Projects , Cross-Cultural Comparison , Reproducibility of Results , Language , Lung Neoplasms/therapy
7.
Medisan ; 22(9)nov.-dic. 2018. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-976169

ABSTRACT

Se realizó un estudio observacional, descriptivo y transversal de 61 pacientes con diagnóstico confirmado de cáncer de pulmón, atendidos en el Servicio de Radiología del Hospital General Docente Dr Juan Bruno Zayas Alfonso de Santiago de Cuba durante 2015, con vistas a caracterizarles según variables de interés. Los resultados se organizaron en distribuciones de frecuencias y se confeccionaron tablas de una y dos entradas para establecer algunas relaciones entre variables. En la serie predominaron el sexo masculino (55,7 por ciento), el grupo etario de 60-69 años (39,3 por ciento), el antecedente de bronquitis crónica en ambos sexos (75,4 por ciento), la tos como síntoma principal (63,9 por ciento), la localización periférica (78,7 por ciento) y el adenocarcinoma como tipo histológico (57,4 por ciento), entre otros. Al momento del diagnóstico el mayor número de afectados se encontraba en etapas avanzadas de la enfermedad, por lo que se recomienda implementar estudios a todos aquellos con riesgo de padecerla.


An observational, descriptive and cross-sectional study of 61 patients with confirmed diagnosis of lung cancer, assisted in the Radiology Service of Dr Juan Bruno Zayas Alfonso Teaching General Hospital in Santiago de Cuba was carried out during 2015, with the aim of characterizing them according to variables of interest. The results were organized in distributions of frequencies and charts of one and two entrances were made to establish some relationships among variables. In the series, the male sex (55.7 percent), the age group 60-69 years (39.3 percent), history of chronic bronchitis in both sexes (75.4 percent), cough as main symptom (63.9 percent), outlying localization (78.7 percent) and the adenocarcinoma as histological type (57.4 percent) prevailed, among others. At the moment of the diagnosis the greatest number affected patients was in advanced stages of the disease, so that it is recommended to implement studies to all those with risk of suffering it.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Young Adult , Lung Neoplasms/physiopathology , Lung Neoplasms/epidemiology , Lung Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging , Tomography, Spiral Computed/methods , Lung Neoplasms
8.
An. Fac. Med. (Perú) ; 79(4): 327-330, oct.-dic 2018. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1011056

ABSTRACT

La resistencia a inhibidores de tirosina kinasa (TKI) de tercera generación son un evento cada vez más frecuente en la práctica clínica, a pesar de ello, se desconoce aún los mecanismos exactos mediante los cuales las células tumorales desarrollan dicha resistencia permitiendo sus supervivencia. Se describe un caso de resistencia a osimertinib (AZD9291) en cáncer de pulmón de celulas no pequeñas, evidenciado por secuenciamiento genético (NGS) y su posible planteamiento terapéutico.


Resistance to third-generation tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) is an increasingly frequent event in clinical practice; however, the exact mechanisms by which tumor cells develop such resistance allowing their survival are unknown. A case of resistance to osimertinib (AZD9291) in non small cell lung cancer, evidenced by next generation sequencing (NGS) and its possible therapeutic approach is described.

9.
Rev. chil. pediatr ; 89(2): 231-235, abr. 2018. graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-900091

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCCIÓN: El blastema pleuropulmonar (BPP) es la neoplasia primaria maligna más común de los pulmones en la infancia. Se presenta con mayor frecuencia en niños entre 1 y 4 años, con sínto mas respiratorios. Han sido definidos tres tipos por histopatología (tipo I, II y III), relacionados con sobrevida y pronóstico. OBJETIVO: Reportar el primer caso de un paciente con un BPP que se presentó como una deformación de la pared torácica. CASO CLÍNICO: Paciente de un año de vida que se presentó con una deformidad de la pared torácica a los 10 meses de edad. El estudio imagenológico reveló una gran masa quística en el hemitórax derecho. No desarrolló sintomatología respiratoria hasta el ingreso hospitalario. Se realizó una lobectomía superior derecha y la biopsia confirmó un BPP tipo I. Se trató con resección quirúrgica y realización periódica de imágenes torácicas como seguimiento. CONCLUSIONES: Se reporta el caso de un BPP que se manifestó con deformidad torácica, forma de presentación no descrita previamente en la literatura. El BPP es un cáncer poco frecuente que debe ser considerado en el diagnóstico diferencial de lesiones quísticas pulmonares, sobre todo en la edad pediátrica. Reconocerlo como un tumor maligno en vez de una anomalía del desarrollo, es determinante para que el paciente sea sometido a resección quirúrgica, terapia adyuvante y seguimiento apropiado.


INTRODUCTION: Pleuropulmonary blastema (PPB) is the most common primary malignancy of the lungs in childhood. It occurs more frequently in children between one and four years of age, and respiratory symptoms are a common manifestation. Three types have been defined (type I, II and III), which are related to survival and prognosis. OBJECTIVE: To report the first case of a patient with a PPB who presented with a chest wall deformity. CASE REPORT: One year old male patient who had a chest wall deformity at ten months of age. Imaging revealed a giant cyst in the right hemithorax. He did not develop respiratory symptoms until hospital admission. A right upper lobectomy was perfor med and the biopsy confirmed a type I pleuropulmonary blastoma. He was considered successfully treated with complete surgical excision and routine follow-up with thoracic imaging is conducted. CONCLUSIONS: PPB is a very rare cancer that needs to be considered in the differential diagnosis of cystic lung diseases in children. The recognition of this lesion as a malignant tumour rather than a developmental cystic malformation is vital so the child can receive complete excision and appropriate follow-up care.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Infant , Pulmonary Blastoma/diagnosis , Thoracic Wall/pathology , Pulmonary Blastoma/pathology
10.
J. bras. econ. saúde (Impr.) ; 8(2): 149-154, ago. 2016.
Article in Portuguese | ECOS, LILACS | ID: biblio-2090

ABSTRACT

Introdução: No Brasil, o câncer representa a segunda maior causa de morte, estando apenas atrás das doenças cardiovasculares e representando um grande impacto econômico observado pelo aumento no número de quimioterapias realizadas no país. Entre as neoplasias, o câncer de pulmão é o mais comum em todo o mundo e, de acordo com dados do INCA, em 2013 foi o câncer com o maior número de mortes. Objetivo: Estimar os custos médicos diretos do tratamento dos pacientes diagnosticados com câncer de pulmão não-pequenas células (CPNPC) no sistema de saúde suplementar. Método: Foi realizada uma análise retrospectiva em uma base de dados do sistema de saúde privado brasileiro entre o período de 2012 a 2015. Para o custeio de cada esquema terapêutico analisado foi utilizado o método de microcusteio em que os custos foram obtidos a partir da Classificação Brasileira Hierarquizada de Procedimentos Médicos, revista SIMPRO e lista CMED. Resultados: Foi demonstrado que 88% dos pacientes com câncer de pulmão são diagnosticados tardiamente (IIIB/IV) e possuem idade média de 65 anos, e apenas 10,15% dos pacientes apresentaram resultados positivos para os testes genéticos de EGFR e ALK. Não foram observadas alterações na escolha terapêutica no período analisado e o custo de tratamento pode atingir R$ 410.848,34 no tratamento do paciente com CPNPC avançado. Conclusão: A análise demonstrou a necessidade crescente por terapias que promovam o aumento de sobrevida nos pacientes de CPNPC e que possam contribuir para otimizar os recursos utilizados.


Introduction: In Brazil, the cancer represents the second cause of death, being only behind of cardiovascular diseases and representing a great economic impact, which is observed by the raise of chemotherapies performed in the country. Among neoplasm, lung cancer is the most common cancer around the world and in accordance with INCA data, in 2013, it was the cancer with the largest number of deaths. Objective: Estimate the direct medical costs of patients diagnosed with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in the private healthcare system. Methods: It was performed a retrospective analysis of diagnosed patients' data who were treated for advanced NSCLC during the period of 2012 to 2015 in the Brazilian private healthcare system. For the cost of each treatment regimen, it was used the micro-costing method in which the costs were obtained from Hierarchical Brazilian Classification of Medical Procedures, SIMPRO magazine, and CMED list. Results: The analysis demonstrated that 88% of patients with lung cancer are diagnosed late (IIIB/ IV) with the median age of 65 years and only 10,15% of patients had positive results for EGFR and ALK genetic tests. There were no observed changes in the therapeutic choice during the period analyzed and the cost of treatment can achieve R$ 410.848,34 for the treatment of advanced NSCLC. Conclusion: The analysis demonstrated the increasing need of therapies that promote increasing survival in NSCLC patients and can contribute to optimize the resource use.


Subject(s)
Humans , Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung , Supplemental Health , Lung Neoplasms
11.
Rev. cuba. pediatr ; 88(1): 0-0, ene.-mar. 2016.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-775063

ABSTRACT

El hemangioendotelioma epitelioide es un tumor vascular raro, de bajo grado de malignidad, con origen en las células endoteliales, que se puede desarrollar en cualquier tejido. En el pulmón surge habitualmente como secundario, pero también puede aparecer como primario, lo que es extremadamente inusual. Normalmente aparece como múltiples nódulos bilaterales entre jóvenes del sexo femenino. Raramente se desenvuelve como un nódulo pulmonar solitario. Los nódulos únicos y unilaterales pueden ser removidos quirúrgicamente. Se relata el caso de una paciente de 11 años que ingresó con impresión diagnóstica de neumonía lobular, pero que con una evolución desfavorable, necesitó realizar biopsia de la lesión, con el resultado de hemangioendotelioma epitelioide. Se discute también el diagnóstico y el tratamiento de esta entidad patológica.


Epitheloid hemangioendothelioma is a rare vascular tumor of low level of malignancy that emerges in the endothelial cells and may develop in any other tissue. It is generally secondary tumor in the lung but it may also appear as primary one, being very unusual. Generally speaking, it appears in the form of multiple bilateral nodules in young women. It rarely develops as a single pulmonary nodule. The single unilateral nodules may be surgically removed. This is the case of a 11-years old girl who was hospitalized with a diagnostic suspicion of lobular pneumonia, but her unfavorable progression required biopsy of the lesion with resulting epitheloid hemangioendothelioma. The diagnosis and the treatment for this pathological entity were also discussed.

12.
Rev. chil. enferm. respir ; 30(4): 212-218, dic. 2014. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-734751

ABSTRACT

Lung cancer is the leading cause of death from malignancy worldwide. In Chile the magnitude of the problem and the diagnosis-associated survival are unknown. Methods: We examined a cohort of 202 adult patients with lung cancer histologically confirmed in a single health network between January 2007 and December 2011. We accessed to medical records and images files of patients, recording the clinical, histological, imaging and staging data. Patients were followed until December 2013 to assess survival. Results: The mean age of the cohort was 68.1 ± 11.5 years, 53% were male and 86% had a smoking history. 82.2% of the cases were symptomatic at diagnosis, been cough the symptom most frequently reported. The predominant histological subtype was adenocarcinoma (42%), followed by squamous cell carcinoma (26.2%). In women, adenocarcinoma was the leading histology variety (56.4%), and in males it was adenocarcinoma (37%) and squamous cell carcinoma (33.3%). The majority of the patients were diagnosed at advanced stages of the disease. The 36-month survival rate was 46.1%. The mean survival according to clinical stage was 70.7 month in stage I, 60.3 in stage II, 47.1 in IIIA, 12.3 in IIIB and 11.7 month in stage IV. According to histological variety, the mean survival was 36.6 month in adenocarcinoma, 33.8 in squamous cell carcinoma, 20.9 in large-cell carcinoma, 11.9 in small-cell carcinoma and 19.6 month in undifferentiated non small-cell carcinoma. There were no significant differences in survival by age or gender. Conclusion: The most common histological type was adenocarcinoma and short-term survival was related to the clinical staging and histological variants.


El cáncer pulmonar es la principal causa de muerte por neoplasia a nivel mundial. En Chile se desconoce la magnitud del problema y la sobrevida asociada al diagnóstico. Material y Métodos: Se examinó una cohorte de 202 pacientes adultos con cáncer pulmonar confirmados histopatológicamente en una red de salud entre Enero de 2007 y Diciembre de 2011. Se accedió a las fichas clínicas y archivos de imágenes de los pacientes, registrando las variables clínicas, histológicas, imagenológicas y la etapificación clínica. Se siguió prospectivamente a los pacientes hasta Diciembre de 2013 para determinar sobrevida. Resultados: La edad promedio de la cohorte fue de 68,1 ± 11,5 años, 53% eran varones y 86% tenía historia de tabaquismo. El 82,2% de los casos presentaron síntomas al momento del diagnóstico, siendo la tos el más frecuente. La variedad histológica preponderante fue el adenocarcinoma (42%), seguido del carcinoma escamoso (26,2%). En las mujeres la mayoría de los tumores correspondieron a adenocarcinomas (56,4% del total) y en varones predominaron el adenocarcinoma (37%) y el carcinoma escamoso (33,3%). La mayoría de los pacientes se diagnosticaron en estadios avanzados de la enfermedad. La sobrevida global a los 36 meses fue 46,1%. La sobrevida media por estadio clínico fue de 70,7 meses en el estadio I, 60,3 meses en estadio II, 47,1 meses en IIIA, 12,3 meses en IIIB y 11,7 meses en IV Según histología, la sobrevida media en meses fue de 36,6 en adenocarcinoma, 33,8 en carcinoma escamoso, 20,9 en células grandes, 11,9 en células pequeñas y 19,6 en tumor no células pequeñas indiferenciado. No hubo diferencias significativas en la sobrevida por edad y género. Conclusión: La variedad histológica más frecuente es el adenocarcinoma y la sobrevida está relacionada a la etapificación clínica y variedad histológica.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Lung Neoplasms/diagnosis , Lung Neoplasms/mortality , Survival Analysis , Clinical Record , Chile/epidemiology , Data Interpretation, Statistical , Cohort Studies , Statistical Data , Lung Neoplasms/pathology , Lung Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging
13.
Fisioter. mov ; 26(3): 677-688, jul.-set. 2013. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-688672

ABSTRACT

INTRODUÇÃO: A Fisioterapia tem sido defendida como um componente importante na prevenção e no tratamento de complicações pulmonares pós-operatórias, sendo utilizada nas fases pré e pós-operatória de ressecções pulmonares. A efetividade e a segurança da fisioterapia pré-operatória em pacientes que serão submetidos a cirurgias de ressecção pulmonar por câncer precisam ser avaliadas. MATERIAIS E MÉTODOS: Revisão sistemática de ensaios clínicos randomizados com metodologia Cochrane. A busca eletrônica foi realizada nas bases de dados Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL); PEDro; MEDLINE; EMBASE; CINAHL; e LILACS. Realizamos também uma busca por estudos em andamento e/ou não publicados, através da Current Controlled Trials Database. Além disso, realizamos uma busca adicional na lista de referências de todos os estudos incluídos e contato com os autores, quando necessário. RESULTADOS: Vinte e oito estudos foram considerados potencialmente relevantes; destes, 26 foram excluídos. Dois ensaios clínicos randomizados preencheram os critérios de inclusão desta revisão. Um estudo comparou a ventilação mecânica não invasiva (BILEVEL) associada ao tratamento padrão versus tratamento padrão sendo atribuído de forma única; e o outro estudo comparou o treinamento muscular inspiratório e a espirometria de incentivo a nenhum tratamento. Um único desfecho foi comum entre os estudos, mas não foi possível realizar uma metanálise devida à insuficiência de informações. CONCLUSÕES: Não há evidência suficiente na literatura para se afirmar que a intervenção fisioterapêutica pré-operatória seja efetiva e segura para pacientes que serão submetidos à ressecção pulmonar por câncer.


INTRODUCTION: The physiotherapy has been advocated as an important component in the treatment and prevention of postoperative pulmonary complications, being used in both pre and postoperative periods of lung resection surgery. The objective of this study was to assess the efficacy and safety of preoperative physiotherapy for patients who will undergo resection surgery for lung cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Systematic review of randomized clinical trials carried out in accordance with the Cochrane metodology. The electronic search was performed in Cochrane Library, PEDro, MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, LILACS. We also searched for both non-published and on-going studies in the Current Controlled Trials database. In addition, a manual search in the references of all relevant studies was performed, and the authors were contacted for additional non-published data. RESULTS: Twenty-eight papers were considered potentially relevant; among them, 26 were excluded. Two randomized controlled trials met the inclusion criteria. One study compared non invasive ventilation (BILEVEL) associated to standard treatment with standard treatment alone; and other study compared inspiratory muscle training and incentive spirometry with no training. There was just one common outcome between the studies, but was not possible to perform the meta-analysis due to missing data. CONCLUSION: There is no sufficient evidence to state that the preoperative physiotherapeutic intervention has efficacy and safety for patients who will undergo resection surgery for lung cancer.


Subject(s)
Humans , Lung Neoplasms , Physical Therapy Modalities , Postoperative Complications , Pulmonary Surgical Procedures
14.
Rev. chil. infectol ; 29(4): 455-458, ago. 2012. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-649832

ABSTRACT

Actinomycosis is an infrequent infection caused by bacteria from Actinomyces genus that manifests as a chronic, suppurative and progressive disease. It's more common in men. Thoracic actinomycosis occurs in 15% of the cases, and infection of the chest wall is less frequent. The clinical presentation mimics tuberculosis or neoplastic processes. In this article we present the case of a 63 year-old man with no comorbidity, with pulmonary actinomycosis involving the chest wall mimicking a neoplastic process, basing the diagnosis on histopathologic findings.


La actinomicosis es una infección poco común causada por bacterias del género Actinomyces que se manifiesta como una enfermedad crónica, supurativa y progresiva. Es más frecuente en hombres. La actinomicosis torácica se presenta en 15% de los casos, siendo el compromiso de pared torácica aún menos frecuente. La presentación clínica simula procesos neoplásicos o tuberculosis. Se describe el caso de un hombre de 63 años, sin co-morbilidad, con una actinomicosis pulmonar con compromiso de pared torácica que simuló ser un proceso neoplásico. El diagnóstico fue confirmado por los hallazgos histopatológicos.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Actinomycosis/diagnosis , Lung Neoplasms/diagnosis , Respiratory Tract Infections/diagnosis , Actinomycosis/microbiology , Diagnosis, Differential , Lung/microbiology , Respiratory Tract Infections/microbiology , Thoracic Wall/microbiology
15.
Colomb. med ; 41(4): 358-366, oct.-dic. 2010. tab, graf, ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-573030

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Loss of Heterozygocity (LOH) in the short arm of human chromosome 3 (3p) is a frequent event in different types of sporadic tumors, including lung cancer (LC). Aim: To determine 3p LOH in LC samples using 17 microsatellite markers. Methodology: In a pilot study on volunteers, thirteen LC biopsies (tumor tissue) and 4 ml of blood (normal tissue) from the same patient were collected. DNA extraction and Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) were performed with 17 microsatellite markers to analyze LOH. Amplified fragments were run on 6% denaturalizing polyacrilamide gels and were visualized by using silver stain. Descriptive analysis was performed for each region on the 3p chromosome. Results: All tumors were informative for one or more of the analyzed markers. LOH was found in one or more loci in eleven samples (84.6%). The markers with major LOH were UBE1L (23.1%), D3S1317, D3S1300, D3S1284, D3S1274, D3S3049, and D3S1577 (15.4%). Three samples showed microsatellite instability (changes in the length of the microsatellite) in different loci. The percentages of LOH for the regions of 3p were: 17.6 % for 3p24-25, 11.62% for 3p21-22, 20% for 3p13-14, and 18.42% for the 3p12 region. Conclusions: Chromosomal regions with allelic loss were identified where probably other GSTs involved in the development of the LC are localized. It should increases sample size and marker number in order to narrow a minimal region and to identify a unknown gene involved in LC.


Introducción: La pérdida de heterocigocidad (LOH) en el brazo corto del cromosoma 3 (3p) humano es un evento frecuente en diferentes tipos de tumores esporádicos, incluyendo cáncer de pulmón (CP). Objetivo: Determinar la LOH de 3p en muestras de CP, con 17 marcadores microsatelitales. Metodología: En un estudio piloto en voluntarios, se recolectaron 13 biopsias de CP (tejido tumoral) y 4 ml de sangre periférica (tejido normal) del mismo paciente, se extrajo el ADN y se realizaron reacciones en cadena de la polimerasa (PCR) con 17 marcadores microsatelitales para analizar LOH. Los fragmentos amplificados se corrieron en geles de poliacrilamida desnaturalizante al 6% y se visualizaron por medio de la coloración de tinción de plata. El análisis descriptivo se realizó para cada región estudiada en el cromosoma 3p. Resultados: Todos los tumores fueron informativos para uno o más de los marcadores analizados. Se encontró LOH en uno o más loci en 11 muestras (84.6%). Los marcadores con mayores LOH fueron UBE1L (23.1%), D3S1317, D3S1300, D3S1284, D3S1274, D3S3049 y D3S1577 con 15.4%. Tres muestras presentaron inestabilidad microsatelital (cambios en la longitud del microsatélite) en diferentes loci. Los porcentajes de LOH para las regiones de 3p fueron: 17.6 % para 3p24-25, 11.6% para 3p21-22, 20% para 3p13-14 y 18.4% para la región 3p12. Conclusiones: Se identificaron regiones cromosómicas con pérdida alélica donde es probable que se localicen otros GST involucrados en el desarrollo de CP, diferentes de los ya identificados como VHL, RASSF1A, FHIT y DUTTI, entre otros. Se debe aumentar el número de muestras y de marcadores para delimitar una región mínima e identificar algún gen no descrito implicado en la carcinogénesis de pulmón.


Subject(s)
Humans , Loss of Heterozygosity , Lung Neoplasms , Polymerase Chain Reaction
16.
Rev. AMRIGS ; 54(1): 67-71, jan.-mar. 2010. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-685587

ABSTRACT

Os autores apresentam um caso de linfoma MALT de pulmão diagnosticado durante ambulatório de cirurgia torácica no Hospital Universitário da Universidade Luterana do Brasil. Após ser submetido a radiografia de rotina, verificou-se uma imagem radiológica exuberante que evidenciou a presença de nódulo no lobo médio do pulmão direito. A tomografia computadorizada revelou lesão consolidativa. O diagnóstico foi confirmado através de ressecção por lobectomia, pois a biópsia pulmonar transbrônquica foi inconclusiva


The authors present a case of pulmonary malt lymphoma diagnosed during ambulatory of thoracic surgery in the School Hospital of the Universidade Luterana do Brasil (ULBRA). Routine X-rays revealed an exuberant radiological image which evidenced the presence of a nodule in the medium lobe of the right lung. Computerized tomography showed consolidative lesion. The diagnosis was confirmed through resection by lobectomy, since the transbronchial biopsy was inconclusive


Subject(s)
Lymphoma, B-Cell, Marginal Zone/diagnosis , Lung Neoplasms/diagnosis , Lung Neoplasms , Pneumonectomy
17.
Pulmäo RJ ; 19(1/2): 13-20, 2010.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-607366

ABSTRACT

Introdução: A broncoscopia flexível é um procedimento com aplicações diagnósticas e terapêuticas em diversas doenças torácicas. O objetivo é analisar o rendimento diagnóstico desse exame no Hospital Universitário da Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, em um período de 3 anos. Metodologia: Foram analisados os prontuários de pacientes submetidos à broncoscopia flexível no período de 01/01/2005 a 31/12/2007. Resultados: Duzentos e vinte e quatro prontuários forma revisados. Destes, 154 (68,7%) eram do gênero masculino, com idade média de 54,26 anos. As indicações mais freqüêntes foram: neoplasia pulmonar (NP) (34,8%), infecções respiratórias (IR) (33,9%) e doenças difusas do parênquimia pulmonar (DDPP) (12,9%). O diagnóstico foi estabelecido em 109 (48,7%) casos. Os resultados da análise do rendimento diagnóstico em função das principais categorias de indicações foram: 1-NP - 71,79% (56/78); 2-IR - 55,26% (42/76); 3-DDPP 27,59% (8/29). Na presença de lesão endobrônquica visível, todos os casos obtiveram diagnóstico (40/40). Conclusão: A broncofibroscopia demonstrou um rendimento diagnóstico relevante, principalmente quando analisado por categorias de indicações. O procedimento contribuiu de forma evidente para o diagnóstico das neoplasias brônquicas, em especial, aquelas com lesões endobrônquicas visíveis ao exame. Casuísticas maiores são necessárias para uma análise mais fidedigna das IR e das DDPP.


Introduction: Bronchoscopy is a procedure with diagnostic and therapeutic applications in several chest diseases. Analyzing the flexible bronchoscopy diagnostic performance at the University Hospital – Federal University of Santa Catarina, within a period of 3 years, is the objective. Methodology: Files of the patients submitted to flexible bronchoscopy were analyzed within the period between 01/01/2005 and 12/31/2007. Results: Two hundred and twenty four files were revised. From these, 154 (68,7%) male gender and 70 (31,2%) female gender, with an average age of 54,26 years old. The most frequent indications categories were: lung cancer (34,8%), respiratory infections (RI) (33,9%) and interstitial lung diseases (ILD) (12,9%). The diagnosis were established in 109 (48,7%) cases. The diagnosis performance related to the mains indications was: 1- Lung cancer – 71,79% (56/78); 2- RI – 55,26% (42/76); 3-ILD 27,59% (8/29). In the presence of endobronchial visible lesion, all the cases obtained diagnosis (40/40). Conclusion: Flexible bronchoscopy has shown a relevant diagnostic performance mainlywhen the indications categories were considered. The procedure has contributed in an evident way for the diagnosis of lung cancer, specially, those with endobronchial visible lesions. Studies with bigger population should be performed to better analyze the diagnostic performance in RI and ILD.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Bronchoscopy , Lung Diseases, Interstitial , Lung Neoplasms , Respiratory Tract Infections , Biopsy , Bronchoalveolar Lavage , Cross-Sectional Studies , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Retrospective Studies
18.
Pulmäo RJ ; 19(1/2): 45-49, 2010. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-607371

ABSTRACT

Os sintomas resultantes das lesões endobrônquicas são comuns nos pacientes portadores de câncer do pulmão e tem um impacto negativo significativo na qualidade de vida. Inúmeras opções terapêuticas estão disponíveis para o tratamento paliativo destes pacientes: braquiterapia endobrônquica, colocação de próteses endobrônquicas, ressecção com laser ou eletrocautério ou a radioterapia convencional. Esta revisão tem como objetivos descrever o método e o papel da braquiterapia endobrônquica em pacientes portadores de neoplasia pulmonar e mostrar nossa experiência com o método em nossa instituição.


Symptoms resulting from tumors extending to the endobronchial wall are common in patients with lung cnacer and significantly impacts quality of life. A number of treatment options are available for palliation, including endobronchial brachytherapy, stent placement, laser photoresection, eletrocautery resection and external-beam radiation therapy. This reviewwill focus on the methodology and role of endobronchial brachytherapy in patients with lung cancer and will review ourexperience with this procedure.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Palliative Care , Brachytherapy , Lung Neoplasms , Brachytherapy , Brachytherapy/history , Brachytherapy/methods , Quality of Life
19.
Rev. Soc. Bras. Clín. Méd ; 7(3): 192-194, maio-jun. 2009. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-518178

ABSTRACT

JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: Descrever as mudanças propostas para o estadiamento do câncer de pulmão para a próxima (sétima) edição da Classificação TNM, para neoplasias malignas prevista para publicação em 2009. CONTEÚDO: Revisão bibliográfica constando de 13 estudos publicados entre 1944 e 2008, selecionados no banco de dados do MedLine e SciElo, utilizando-se as palavras-chave: câncer de pulmão, estadiamento TNM. Os estudos realizados desde 1999 apontavam uma falha entre o prognóstico e o estadiamento dos pacientes com câncer de pulmão. Por isso, foi criado um Comitê com múltiplos profissionais e Instituições para rever a 6ª edição do TNM. O estudo contou com mais de 100.000 pacientes e só não alterou no descritor N. Quanto ao descritor T, sugere criação de novas subdivisões e a mudança da classificação do derrame pleural maligno deste para o descritor M. O M1 subdividiu-se em M1a e M1b considerando M1a como o derrame pleural maligno e M1b metástase à distância. A presença de metástase dentro do tórax também foi revista. CONCLUSÃO: Apesar de todos os problemas referentes aos estudos retrospectivos, a nova proposta de estadiamento pretende informar melhor o prognóstico dos pacientes com câncer de pulmão.


BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: To describe the changes proposals for the staging of lung cancer in the forthcoming (Seventh) edition of the TNM Classification of malignant tumors, tobe published in 2009. CONTENTS: Bibliographical revision consisting of 13 study's published between 1944 and 2008 and chosen teams in the database of the MedLine and SciElo, using itself the word-key: cancer of lung, TNM staging. Studies carried through since 1999 pointed an imperfection between the prognostic and stage of the patients with lung cancer. Therefore, it was created a committee with professional multiples and institutions to review the sixth edition of the TNM. The study it counted more than on 100,000 patients and it did not only modify in the describing N. As theT descriptor, suggests creating of new subdivisions and change the classification of stroke malignant pleural this descriptor to the M. The M1 was subdivided in M1a and M1b considering M1a as the malignant pleural effusion and M1b metastasis in the distance. The presence of metastasis inside of the chest also was reviewed. CONCLUSION: Although all the problems presented for the retrospective studies, the new proposal of staging must define better the prognostic of patients with lung cancer.


Subject(s)
Neoplasm Staging/trends , Lung Neoplasms
20.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-685691

ABSTRACT

A insuficiência adrenal primária é, na maioria das vezes, causada por infecções e adrenalite auto-imune. Metástases adrenais são relativamente comuns em neoplasias de pulmão, mas usualmente são assintomáticas, mesmo quando bilaterais. Há poucos relatos de metástases adrenais levando à insuficiência adrenal. Descrevemos aqui um caso de insuficiência adrenal primária como primeira manifestação clínica de neoplasia pulmonar metastática. Paciente de 59 anos, feminina, branca, tabagista, queixava-se de dor em flanco direito associada a náuseas e emagrecimento. Exames laboratoriais confirmaram o diagnóstico de insuficiência adrenal primária. Iniciou tratamento com prednisona e fludrocortisona, com melhora progressiva dos sintomas. Na investigação da etiologia, tomografia computadorizada (TC) de abdômen mostrou aumento bilateral das adrenais. Foi submetida à biopsia de adrenal, com citopatológico positivo para células malignas. Linfonodo supraclavicular esquerdo foi biopsiado, com anátomo-patológico (AP) confirmando adenocarcinoma metastático, com imunohistoquímica sugerindo pulmão como sítio primário. Atentar para o diagnóstico de insuficiência adrenal nesse contexto é importante, porque os sintomas iniciais são inespecíficos, podendo ser atribuídos à neoplasia


Primary adrenal insufficiency is, in most cases, caused by infections and autoimmune adrenalitis. Adrenal metastasis are relatively common in lung cancer, but they are usually asymptomatic, even when bilateral. There are few reports of adrenal metastasis as a cause of adrenal insufficiency. We describe a case of primary adrenal insufficiency presenting as the first clinical manifestation of metastatic lung cancer. A 59 year-old, white, smoker woman, complaining of right flank pain associated with nausea and weight loss. Laboratory exams confirmed the diagnosis of primary adrenal insufficiency. It was started treatment with prednisone and fludrocortisones with progressive improvement. At the etiologic investigation, abdominal computadorized tomography (CT) showed bilateral increase of the adrenal glands. It was performed an adrenal biopsy and the cytologic study was positive for malignant cells. It was made another biopsy, of a supraclavicular lymph node, and the histopathologic study revealed a metastatic adenocarcinoma, immunohistochemistry study suggested lung as the primary site. Awareness of this diagnosis is important because initial symptoms of adrenal insufficiency are unspecific and may misguidedly be attributed to the neoplasm


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Middle Aged , Adrenal Insufficiency/diagnosis , Adrenal Insufficiency/pathology , Neoplasm Metastasis/pathology , Lung Neoplasms/etiology , Lung Neoplasms/pathology , Adenocarcinoma/etiology , Adenocarcinoma/pathology , Adrenal Insufficiency/etiology
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