Application of temperature-difference stimulation oral care in patients with mild and moderate dysphagia after oral cancer operation / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective:To explore the function of temperature difference stimulation oral nursing for the patients with mild to moderate dysphagia after oral cancer operation.Methods:A total of 64 patients with mild to moderate dysphagia after oral cancer surgery admitted to our hospital from January 2019 to June 2021 were selected as the research subjects by convenient sampling method, and divided into control group ( n=32) and observation group ( n=32) according to random number table method. The grouping method was random number table method. The control group was treated with traditional ice-water stimulation rehabilitation training, and the observation group was treated with temperature difference stimulation oral care. The degree of dysphagia, nutritional status, postoperative complications and quality of life were analyzed and compared between the two groups. Results:After the intervention, the degree of dysphagia in the observation group (water swallow test) fromⅠto Ⅳ degree were 2, 11, 13 and 6 cases, while in the control group were 9, 17, 4 and 2 cases, the difference was significant ( Z=-3.41, P<0.05). After the intervention, the serum albumin of the observation group was (38.74 ± 4.87) g/L, which was significantly higher than that of the control group (35.81 ± 5.14) g/L. there was significant difference between the two groups ( t=2.34, P<0.05). After the intervention, the self scores of chewing, swallowing, anxiety, emotion and quality of life in the Chinese version of the University of Washington quality of life scale in the observation group were 70.28 ± 10.39, 68.20 ± 9.43, 72.39 ± 12.28, 65.30 ± 15.33 and 78.05 ± 9.47, which were significantly higher than those in the control group 64.29 ± 9.26, 61.42 ± 12.38, 64.50 ± 10.43, 58.08 ± 11.62 and 72.92 ± 10.40, The difference was statistically significant ( t values were 2.06-2.77, all P<0.05). Conclusions:Oral nursing with temperature difference stimulation can effectively improve the swallowing disorder of patients after oral cancer surgery, reduce the incidence of aspiration and malnutrition, and improve the quality of life of patients.

Clinical, pathological and therapeutic findings on lingual rhabdomyosarcoma in a dog - case report / Achados clínicos, patológicos e terapêuticos do rabdomiossarcoma em cão - relato de caso

The biological behaviour of the tumours vary according to the species in which they occur, its location within the cavity, clinical stage and histopathological nature. Lingual neoplasms are generally uncommon in companion animals. Rhabdomyosarcomas are malignant, solid, aggressive formations with high metastatic potential. The clinical signs are variable and a definitive diagnosis can only be reached through histopathological analysis of biopsy and necropsy specimen. In some cases, immunohistochemical study may be needed to confirm the diagnosis. This paper aims to highlight important points about this uncommon condition in dogs, using a case report of lingual rhabdomyosarcoma, which showed no evidence of metastasis after diagnosis, nor of local recurrence after surgical excision with a wide safety margin. It was concluded that early diagnosis, the correct interpretation of the complementary tests and the appropriate therapeutic approach contributed to improving the quality of life and survival of the patient in question.(AU)

O comportamento biológico dos tumores varia de acordo com a espécie animal, a localização na cavidade, a fase clínica e a natureza histopatológica. As neoplasias orais são geralmente incomuns em animais de companhia. Os rabdomiossarcomas são formações malignas, sólidas e agressivas, com alto potencial metastático. Os sinais clínicos são variáveis e o diagnóstico definitivo só pode ser alcançado por meio da análise histopatológica do material colhido. Em alguns casos, o estudo imuno-histoquímico pode ser necessário para confirmar o diagnóstico. Este trabalho tem como objetivo destacar pontos importantes sobre essa condição incomum em cães, utilizando um relato de caso de rabdomiossarcoma lingual, no qual não se evidenciaram metástases após o diagnóstico, nem recorrência local após a excisão cirúrgica com ampla margem de segurança. Concluiu-se que o diagnóstico precoce, a correta interpretação dos exames complementares e a abordagem terapêutica adequada contribuíram para melhorar a qualidade de vida e a sobrevida do paciente em questão.(AU)

A qualitative research on the experience of oral hygiene care of perioperative oral cancer patients / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective To understand the real experience of oral hygiene care of perioperative oral cancer patients. Methods Qualitative descriptive research was adopted. Semi- structure in depth interviews were conducted among 17 postoperative oral cancer patients. NVivo 11 was used to manage and sort out the original data, data was analyzed with the content analysis of Colaizzi. Results Six themes regarding oral hygiene care was extracted, including the diversity of methods of oral hygiene and the care provider, patients have limited knowledge about oral hygiene care and the relative education is lacking, the change of function, structure and the degree of comfort of mouth impact the oral hygiene care, patients′feedback on oral hygiene care is complicated, patients′oral care related emotional experience is rich, oral hygiene care experience of elderly and non-elderly patients with oral cancer has few difference. Conclusions The oral hygiene care of perioperative oral cancer patients needs to be further standardized, the instruction of patients′oral hygiene care needs to be enhanced, more attention should be paid to the popularization of disease knowledge, so as to optimize patients care and do a good job in disease prevention.

A qualitative research on the experience of oral hygiene care of perioperative oral cancer patients / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective@#To understand the real experience of oral hygiene care of perioperative oral cancer patients.@*Methods@#Qualitative descriptive research was adopted. Semi-structure in depth interviews were conducted among 17 postoperative oral cancer patients. NVivo 11 was used to manage and sort out the original data, data was analyzed with the content analysis of Colaizzi.@*Results@#Six themes regarding oral hygiene care was extracted, including the diversity of methods of oral hygiene and the care provider, patients have limited knowledge about oral hygiene care and the relative education is lacking, the change of function, structure and the degree of comfort of mouth impact the oral hygiene care, patients′ feedback on oral hygiene care is complicated, patients′ oral care related emotional experience is rich, oral hygiene care experience of elderly and non-elderly patients with oral cancer has few difference.@*Conclusions@#The oral hygiene care of perioperative oral cancer patients needs to be further standardized, the instruction of patients′ oral hygiene care needs to be enhanced, more attention should be paid to the popularization of disease knowledge, so as to optimize patients care and do a good job in disease prevention.

Application of deep circumflex iliac artery based iliac-internal oblique musculofascial chimeric flaps in reconstruction of complex oromandibular defects / 中国修复重建外科杂志

Objective: To evaluate the reliability and effectiveness of a deep circumflex iliac artery based iliac-internal oblique musculofascial chimeric flap (DCIA-IIOF) in reconstruction of complex oromandibular defect. Methods: Between January 2010 and December 2015, DCIA-IIOFs were used to repair complex oromandibular defects in 11 patients. There were 8 males and 3 females, with an age of 27-75 years (median, 56 years). Original disease was lower gingival squamous cell carcinoma in 7 cases (T 3N 1M 0 in 2 cases, T 3N 2M 0 in 1 case, T 4N 0M 0 in 2 cases, and T 4N 2M 0 in 2 cases), osteoradionecrosis after radiotherapy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma in 2 cases, central mandibular squamous cell carcinoma in 1 case (T 4N 0M 0), and mandibular malignant fibrous histiocytoma in 1 case. The length of mandibular bone defects ranged from 7 to 10 cm (mean, 8 cm), and the area of the mucosal defects ranged from 5 cm×3 cm to 7 cm×4 cm. Preoperative ultrasonic identification of the DCIA and its ascending branch was routinely performed. The DCIA-IIOF was harvested by using an anterograde dissection technique, of which the iliac island was used for segmental mandibular defect repair and the musculofascial island for soft tissue and mucosal defect repair. Results: All 11 cases were followed up 15-75 months (median, 37 months). All flaps survived after operation, without necrosis of both iliac island and oblique internal musculofascial island. One patient had a mild submandibular infection which healed after wound drainage and intravenous antibiotics. At 1 month after operation, the color and texture of the musculofascial island were similar to oral mucosa without contracture, and the occluding relation was good for all patients. At 6 months after operation, the mouth opening hardly improved in 2 patients who had osteoradionecrosis; 1 patient who underwent postoperative radiotherapy had restriction of mouth opening; the remaining 8 patients had normal month opening and normal diet. Three patients died of cancer recurrence, 2 patients died of other diseases (encephalorrhagia in 1 case and myocardial infarction in 1 case), and the others survived without recurrence during follow-up. No patient developed abdominal hernia during follow-up. Conclusion : DCIA-IIOF is a reliable flap in reconstruction of complex oromandibular defects. The occluding relation after operation is good and the mucosal lining is soft. This technique provides an effective option for moderate complex oromandibular defects repair.

Expression of Vasohibin-1 and LGR5 in oral squamous cell carcinoma and their clinical significances / 临床与实验病理学杂志

Purpose To detect the expression of vasohibin-1 (VASH-1) and LGR5 protein in oral squamous cell carcinoma(OSCC) and their clinical significances. Methods Expression of VASH-1 and LGR5 protein in 223 cases of OSCC tissues and 80 cases of adjacent normal oral mucosa tissues was examined by the immunohistochemicalEliVision method. Results The positive rate of VASH-1 and LGR5 protein in OSCC tissues and the control tissues was 59.6％, 55.6％ and 12.5％, 13.8％, respectively. There was a significant difference between the two groups (P＜ 0.05 ). The expression of VASH-1 and LGR5 protein was significantly related with grades of tumors, size of tumors, lymph node metastasis, and TNM stages (all P＜0.05). The positive expression of VASH-1 and LGR5 was not relevant to age, gender, location of tumor, smoking, and alcohol (all P＞ 0.05). Spearman correlation analysis showed that there was a positive association between the VASH-1 expression and LGR5 expression (rs =0.718, P＜0.001). Conclusion The expression of VASH-1 and LGR5 in OSCC is high and may promote the initiation and development of the cancer, which play an important role in the invasion, metastasis, and prognosis of OSCC.

Comportamiento del cáncer bucal en un hospital de Cartagena de Indias, Colombia / Behavior of oral cancer at a hospital in Cartagena de Indias, Colombia

Introducción: el cáncer bucal ha mostrado un incremento en su incidencia mundial, a pesar de esto, en nuestra ciudad no se encuentran registros epidemiológicos que permitan actualizar la información nacional y así consolidar datos más certeros del comportamiento de la entidad en nuestro medio. Objetivo: determinar las características del comportamiento del cáncer bucal en un hospital de Cartagena de Indias-Colombia. Métodos: se realizó un estudio retrospectivo de las muestras de pacientes con diagnóstico presuntivo de cáncer bucal, remitidas al laboratorio de patología de un hospital de Cartagena de Indias-Colombia, entre 2007 a 2011. El total de solicitudes de estudio anatomopatológico revisadas fue de 215, se seleccionaron 73 muestras (33,9 por ciento) de pacientes con diagnóstico histopatológico de cáncer bucal y otras muestras de zonas anexas a la cavidad bucal, como ganglios linfáticos, faringe, laringe y maxilares. Las variables estudiadas fueron, edad, sexo, procedencia, hábitos, año de diagnóstico y diagnóstico histopatológico. Resultados: el 53 por ciento de los casos (n= 39) eran mujeres, el rango de edades en el que se realizó el mayor número de diagnósticos fue entre 60 y 67 años (23 por ciento). La media para la edad fue de 66 años (± 14). El diagnóstico más común fue el de carcinoma escamocelular (86,3 por ciento de los casos); 93,2 por ciento de los pacientes consumían cigarrillo. Conclusiones: el diagnóstico de mayor frecuencia fue el de carcinoma escamocelular. No hubo preferencias por sexo en la muestra analizada. El rango de edad con mayor número de diagnósticos, fue la sexta década de vida. El consumo de cigarrillo fue el hábito más relacionado con el cáncer bucal. Se destacó que el 30,1 por ciento de los diagnósticos se hicieron en el año 2010, seguido por 27,4 por ciento en 2011(AU)

Introduction: despite the fact that the global incidence of oral cancer has increased, no epidemiological records are found in our town which would allow to update nationwide information and thus consolidate more accurate data about the behavior of this condition in our area. Objective: determine the characteristics of the behavior of oral cancer at a hospital in Cartagena de Indias, Colombia. Methods: a retrospective study was conducted of samples from patients with a presumptive diagnosis of oral cancer sent to the pathology laboratory of a hospital in Cartagena de Indias, Colombia, from 2007 to 2011. The total number of anatomopathological studies reviewed was 215, and 73 samples (33.9 percent) were selected from patients with a histopathologic diagnosis of oral cancer, as well as other samples from areas adjacent to the oral cavity, such as lymph glands, pharynx, larynx and maxillas. The variables studied were age, sex, origin, habits, year of diagnosis and histopathologic diagnosis. Results: 53 percent of the cases (n= 39) were women. The age range with the highest number of diagnoses was the 60-67 group (23 percent). Mean age was 66 years (± 14). The most common diagnosis was squamous cell carcinoma (86.3 percent of the cases). 93.2 percent of the patients were smokers. Conclusions: the most common diagnosis was squamous cell carcinoma. No significant differences were found between the sexes. The age bracket with the highest number of diagnoses was the sixth decade of life. Smoking was the habit most frequently related to oral cancer. 30.1 percent of the diagnoses were made in the year 2010, followed by 27.4 percent in 2011(AU)

Fibular flap for mandible reconstruction in osteoradionecrosis of the jaw: selection criteria of fibula flap / 대한악안면성형재건외과학회지

BACKGROUND: Osteoradionecrosis is the most dreadful complication after head and neck irradiation. Orocutaneous fistula makes patients difficult to eat food. Fibular free flap is the choice of the flap for mandibular reconstruction. Osteocutaneous flap can reconstruct both hard and soft tissues simultaneously. This study was to investigate the success rate and results of the free fibular flap for osteoradionecrosis of the mandible and which side of the flap should be harvested for better reconstruction. METHODS: A total of eight consecutive patients who underwent fibula reconstruction due to jaw necrosis from March 2008 to December 2015 were included in this study. Patients were classified according to stages, primary sites, radiation dose, survival, and quality of life. RESULTS: Five male and three female patients underwent operation. The mean age of the patients was 60.1 years old. Two male patients died of recurred disease of oral squamous cell carcinoma. The mean dose of radiation was 70.5 Gy. All fibular free flaps were survived. Five patients could eat normal diet after operation; however, three patients could eat only soft diet due to loss of teeth. Five patients reported no change of speech after operation, two reported worse speech ability, and one patient reported improved speech after operation. The ipsilateral side of the fibular flap was used when intraoral soft tissue defect with proximal side of the vascular pedicle is required. The contralateral side of the fibular flap was used when extraoral skin defect with proximal side of the vascular pedicle is required. CONCLUSIONS: Osteonecrosis of the jaw is hard to treat because of poor healing process and lack of vascularity. Free fibular flap is the choice of the surgery for jaw bone reconstruction and soft tissue fistula repair. The design and selection of the right or left fibular is dependent on the available vascular pedicle and soft tissue defect sites.

Assessment of knowledge about oral cancer: study with students of public education

Introduction and Objective: To evaluate the level of knowledge about oral cancer of students attending public school in one city of Santa Catarina (Brasil). Material and methods: A descriptive crosssectional study, using primary data collection. Students of last year of elementary school and first year of high school, enrolled in public schools in the city of Itajaí (SC), in 2012, were the target population. The non-probability sample was obtained by convenience. Data were collected through a self-administered questionnaire structured with 13 questions divided into three fields. The level of knowledge was made based on pre-established scores. Results: 1149 instruments were analyzed (80.8% of the target population). The average age of the group was 15.5 years and 54.5% were female. The majority (78%) never had received information about oral cancer. Only 27.9% had cognizance about self-examination of the oral cavity. With regard to knowledge, 87.5% classified as unsatisfactory. For most issues the cognitive field did not identify a significant correlation between knowledge and the variables gender and education. When asked if they would like to participate in educational and preventive activities about oral cancer and other issues related to health, 72.6% expressed interest. Conclusion: The group did not have adequate knowledge on the subject of oral cancer. Facing this reality, and the positive attitude of respondents, the researchers designed and offered an educational program to the research subjects.

Cáncer oral en Santiago de Cali, Colombia: análisis poblacional de la tendencia de incidencia y mortalidad / Oral cancer in Cali, Colombia: a population-based analysis of incidence and mortality trends

Objetivo. Describir la tendencia de las tasas de incidencia y mortalidad por cáncer oral (CaO) en Cali, Colombia durante el periodo 1962-2007. Material y métodos. Se obtuvieron las tasas estandarizadas por edad (población mundial) de incidencia (TIEE) y mortalidad (TMEE) por CaO con información del Registro Poblacional de Cáncer en Cali-Colombia (RPCC) y de la Secretaría de Salud Pública Municipal de Cali (SSPM), respectivamente. Se utilizó el porcentaje de cambio anual (APC) para describir la tendencia de las mismas. Resultados. Se registraron 1637 casos nuevos de CaO y la edad promedio al diagnóstico fue de 60 años. Las TIEE disminuyeron entre 1962-2007 en hombres APC= -1.3 (IC95%:-2.0; -0.6) y mujeres, APC= -1.0 (IC95%: -1.7; -0.4). Las TMEE disminuyeron entre 1984-2001 sólo en los hombres, APC= -2.8 (IC95%: -4.1; -1.5). Conclusión. La morbilidad y mortalidad por CaO ha disminuido de manera significativa en Cali, Colombia. El tipo de tumor asociado con estos cambios fue el carcinoma de células escamosas.

Objective. To describe the time trends of the incidence and mortality rates of oral cancer (OC) in Cali, Colombia between 1962-2007. Materials and methods. Age-standardized (Segi's world population) incidence (ASIR) and mortality (ASMR) rates for oral cancer were estimated using data from the Population-based Cancer Registry of Cali, Colombia and from the database of the Municipal Secretary of Public Health (MSPH) respectively. Annual percentage change (APC) was used to measure the changes in rates over time. Results. 1637 new cases of oral cancer were registered in the CPCR and the mean age upon diagnosis was 60 years. The ASIR decreased from 1962-2007 in men APC= 1.3 (IC95%:-2.0; -0.6) and women APC= -1.0 (IC95%: -1.7; -0.4).The ASMR decreased from 1984-2001 only in men, APC=2.8 (IC95%: -4.1; -1.5). Conclusions. There was a significant decrease in the incidence and mortality rates for OC in Cali, Colombia. The type of tumor associated to these changes was the squamous cell carcinoma.

Prevenção e detecção do câncer bucal: planejamento participativo como estratégia para ampliação da cobertura populacional em idosos / Prevention and detection of oral cancer: participatory planning as a strategy to broaden coverage in the elderly population

Considerando a abordagem do câncer bucal um problema de saúde pública e a necessidade de fortalecer o diagnóstico precoce para garantir um prognóstico favorável aos pacientes, o município de Marília (SP) realiza anualmente uma ação de prevenção e detecção precoce do câncer bucal. Este estudo teve por objetivo avaliar o planejamento participativo das equipes das unidades de saúde, buscando elencar as dificuldades encontradas e as estratégias adotadas no período de cinco anos (2006-2011), através da análise da cobertura de exames bucais de prevenção e detecção da doença. As estratégias para enfrentamento das dificuldades, aspectos de coordenação e vigilância epidemiológica levantadas pelos cirurgiões-dentistas, geraram um incremento na cobertura de exames realizados na população (> 60 anos) passando de uma cobertura de 21% em 2006 para 62% em 2011. Conclui-se que o desenvolvimento das estratégias com participação das equipes de saúde vem repercutindo em resultados bastante satisfatórios, garantindo que as lesões de câncer bucal sejam diagnosticadas e tratadas precocemente sob a ótica de um prognóstico mais favorável.

With respect to addressing oral cancer as a public health problem and the need to conduct early diagnosis to ensure a favorable prognosis for patients, the city of Marilia in the state of São Paulo stages an annual campaign for prevention and early detection of oral cancer. This study sets out to evaluate the participatory planning of the teams at health facilities, seeking to list the difficulties encountered and strategies adopted over a five-year period (2006-2011) by analyzing the coverage of oral examinations for prevention and detection of disease. Strategies for tackling difficulties, issues of epidemiological coordination and surveillance raised by dentists, generated an increase in the coverage of tests performed in the population (> 60 years) from 21% in 2006 to 62% in 2011. The conclusion is that the development of strategies with the participation of health teams produces quite encouraging results, ensuring that the lesions of oral cancer are diagnosed and treated early from the perspective of a more favorable prognosis.

Isolated intra-oral granular cell tumor: report of two cases and review of the literature

Granular cell tumor (GCT) is a relatively uncommon lesion occurring in almost any part of the body, including the orofacial region. The tongue and the buccal mucosa are common intra oral sites. Although aggressive and malignant variants of this neoplasm have been described, most GCTs are benign. The histogenesis of the lesion still remains unknown. However, histochemical and ultra-structural studies propose the origin of the lesion from Schwann cells, striated muscle, mesenchymal cells, histiocytes and epithelial cells. The tumor generally occurs in middle-aged or older adults. The lesion is typically seen as an uninflamed asymptomatic mass measuring about two cm in diameter with reddish surface coloring. As most granular cell tumors are benign, surgical excision of the lesion is the treatment of choice. In this study, 2 oral GCT cases are presented, corresponding to 2 male patients, with a mean age of 27 years and a mean time of evolution of the lesions of 8 months. Both lesions were located on the tongue. Differential diagnoses include fibrous hyperplasia, minor salivary gland tumor, condyloma acuminatum and neurilemmoma. In all the cases a resection with safety margins of the lesions was carried out under local anesthesia. The samples were fixed and processed for histopathological study. The main clinical pathology and diagnostic features of this neoplasm are reviewed and discussed.

O tumor de celulas granulares (TCG) e uma lesao relativamente incomum que pode acometer qualquer parte do corpo, incluindo a regiao buco-maxilo-facial. A lingua e a mucosa bucal sao localizacoes intraorais comuns. Embora casos de transformacoes malignas e agressividade terem sido descritos, a maioria dos TCG sao benignos. A histogenese desta lesao continua desconhecida. No entanto estudos de imunohistoquimica e ultraestruturais sugerem que a lesao se origina das celulas de schwann, musculatura estriada, celulas mesenquimais, histiocitos e celulas epiteliais. O tumor geralmente ocorre na meia idade ou em pacientes idosos. A lesao e tipicamente vista como uma massa assintomatica nao inflamatoria que mede cerca de dois centimetros de diametro com uma superficie de coloracao avermelhada. A maioria dos tumores de celulas granulares sao benignos cuja excisao cirurgica e o tratamento de escolha. Neste estudo, 2 casos orais de TCG sao apresentados sendo ambos em pacientes do sexo masculino, com media de idade de 27 anos e tempo medio de evolucao da lesao de 8 meses. A localizacao de ambas as lesoes foi o dorso da lingual. O dignostico diferencial incluiu a hiperplasia fibrosa, tumor de glandulas salivares menores, condiloma aculminado e neiurilenoma. Em todos os casos a resseccao com margens de seguranca foi realizado sob anesthesia local. As amostras foram fixadas e processadas para o estudo histopatologicos. As principais caracteristicas clinicopatologicas e de disgnostico foram revisadas e discutidas.

Tumor de Células Granulosas: Reporte de un caso y revisión de la literatura / Granular Cell Tumor: A case report and review of literature

The granular cell tumor is a neoplasia, that can appear in multiple corporal locations. The origin of the granular cells is controverted; there are data that back up his procedence of Schwann's cells. The tumors of granular cells are benign and these can receive treatment by means of local simple extirpation, being the rare relapses. You encounter a case where they make a revision and they discuss the principal clinical pathological aspects and diagnosises in the woman 20 years with tumoración of edge of language, the study of histopathological lead be a granular cell tumor.

El tumor de células granulares es una neoplasia, que puede aparecer en múltiples ubicaciones anatómicas. El origen de las células granulares es controvertido; hay datos que apoyan su origen en las células de Schwann. Los tumores de células granulares son benignos y puede tratarse mediante extirpación local simple, siendo las recidivas raras. Se presenta un caso y se revisan y discuten los principales aspectos clínico patológicos y diagnósticos en una mujer de 20 años con tumoración de borde de lengua, que el estudio histopatológico resultó ser un Tumor de Células Granulosas.