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Objective To study the effects of Indigofera stachyoide extracts on the breast cancer cells (4T1) in vivo and in vitro. Methods MTT method was used to detect the antitumor activity of I. stachyoides extracts in 4T1cells in vitro, the inhibition rate of cell proliferation, and half inhibition concentration (IC50). The established mice model with 4T1 solid tumor were randomly divided into model, extracts of I. stachyoides (petroleum ether phase, ethyl acetate phase, n-butanol phase, water phase, and ethanol extracts) groups, and cisplatin group. After being administered for 15 d, mice body weight and victera index were measured; The observation of tumor pathology and the calculation of tumor inhibition rate were performed. Results IC50 of ethyl acetate phase, n-butanol phase, ethanol extracts of I. stachyoides on 4T1 cells in vitro reached 228.9, 323.4, and 322.6 μg/mL, respectively. The tumor inhibition rates of petroleum ether phase, ethyl acetate phase, n-butanol phase, water phase, and ethanol extract of I. Stachyoides, and cisplatin group on 4T1 mice were (55.88 ± 6.68)%, (66.67 ± 14.32)%, (65.71 ± 12.38)%, (53.81 ± 16.17)%, (43.73 ± 25.73)%, and (76.85 ± 11.38)%, respectively. In the different extraction parts of I. stachyoide, the petroleum ether group had the effects of reducing the spleen index, increasing the thymus index and IL-2 level, and the ethyl acetate part was the best partaccording to tumor volume and the tumor suppressor rate. HE staining showed that the tumor cells in petroleum ether extract group were less than that in the model group, the cell arrangement was loose, the pathological mitosis and tumor cell infiltration were less than those of model group, and there was a small amount of lymphocytes and macrophages infiltration. Conclusion The extracts of I. stachyoides can inhibit the growth of 4T1 tumor cells in vivo and in vitro, and its mechanism may enhance the body immunity, so as to inhibit the tumor growth.
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Objective To explore the effects of Guilingji on improving learning and memory dysfunction caused by aging. Methods The mouse model of subacute aging caused by D-galactose and the rat model of natural aging were used respectively to imitate learning and memory dysfunction caused by aging. The effects of Guilingji on improving of learning and memory function index were focused in the diving platform experiment and the Morris water maze experiment. At the same time, the effect of that on rat organ index and blood biochemical index were investigated. Results Guilingji can significantly prolong step down latency (P < 0.05) and reduce the number of errors within 5 min (P < 0.05, 0.01) of the model mice. It can shorten positioning navigation escape incubation period (P < 0.01), extend the space exploration quadrant retention time (P < 0.05, 0.01), and increase the number of access to the platform (P < 0.05). Guilingji can increase testicular, thymus and spleen index (P < 0.05) and reduce the ALT content in serum (P < 0.05). Conclusion Guilingji can obviously improve the impairment of learning and memory function caused by aging. It also has some good effects on enhancing immunity, improving reproductive capacity, and protecting liver.
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Objective: To develop Duzhong Butiansu Tablet (DBT) for the second time and add the effect on male infertility, so as to provide an experimental basis for the treatment of male infertility. Methods: The male mice were randomly divided into five groups: high, medium, and low dose groups of DBT, control group, and positive drug group. The immune and gonadal organ index, anti-fatigue effect and fecuudity of each group were observed. The male SD rats were randomly divided into six groups: high, medium, and low dose groups of DBT, control group, model group, and positive drug group. The changes of organ index, testicular pathological structure, levels of serum sex hormones and effects of serum oxidative stress and fecuudity were measured. The morphological structure of testes was observed by HE staining. Results: By improving the immune function and sex organ index of young male mice, DBT had the anti-fatigue effect on extending the swimming survival time, which would promote the increase of pregnancy rate of female mice. By increasing the weight of model rats, DBT could increase sexual organs and kidney indexes, improve contents of serum sex hormones FSH, LH, T, and E2 and reduce content of MDA in serum, and has anti-oxidant effect of increasing serum SOD and GSH-Px levels, and improves the testicular pathological damage, thus contributs to increase the pregnancy rate of female rats and the average litter size and production of anti-rat spermatogenic dysfunction induced by adenine effect. Conclusion: DBT can improve the growth and reproductive capacity to reverse the impairment effects on male animal, and provide experimentalbasis for the clinical research.
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Objective To discuss the effect of Glycyrrhiza uralensis (G. uralensis) Fisch polysaccharide on growth performance and immunologic function in mice in Ural City, Xinjiang and to provide important data supporting the application of Glycyrrhiza polysaccharide. Methods A total of 100 Kunming mice aged 3 weeks old were randomly divided into 5 groups with 20 mice in each group (10 were females and 10 were males). About 0.5 mL normal saline was given to the mice of control group every day and 0.5 mL G. uralensis Fisch polysaccharide was given to the mice of other groups at the concentration of 1, 20, 50 and 100 mg/mL, respectively. The growth performance (average body weight, average daily feed intake and feed efficiency), immune organ indexes (spleen index and thymus index) and immunologic function (serum IL-2, CD4
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OBJECTIVE@#To discuss the effect of Glycyrrhiza uralensis (G. uralensis) Fisch polysaccharide on growth performance and immunologic function in mice in Ural City, Xinjiang and to provide important data supporting the application of Glycyrrhiza polysaccharide.@*METHODS@#A total of 100 Kunming mice aged 3 weeks old were randomly divided into 5 groups with 20 mice in each group (10 were females and 10 were males). About 0.5 mL normal saline was given to the mice of control group every day and 0.5 mL G. uralensis Fisch polysaccharide was given to the mice of other groups at the concentration of 1, 20, 50 and 100 mg/mL, respectively. The growth performance (average body weight, average daily feed intake and feed efficiency), immune organ indexes (spleen index and thymus index) and immunologic function (serum IL-2, CD4/CD8 and the activity of NK cells) of mice in each group were detected continuously.@*RESULTS@#The average body weight, feed efficiency, serum IL-2, CD4/CD8 and the activity of NK cells of mice were increased with the increase of administrated time after administrating G. uralensis Fisch polysaccharide and were reached up the largest level on Day 28. At the same time, each index was proportional to the given dose and was significantly higher than those of control group and reached up the largest level at the administrated dose of 100 mg/mL. After administrating G. uralensis Fisch polysaccharide, the spleen index and thymus index of mice were increased with the increase of administrated dose and the spleen index and thymus index of mice administrated with the dose of 100 mg/mL were maximum which was more than 1.51 times and 1.43 times of that in control group, respectively and the comparative differences showed statistical significance (P 0.05).@*CONCLUSIONS@#G. uralensis Fisch polysaccharide can significantly improve the growth performance and immunologic function of mice and laid a research basis for the clinical application of G. uralensis Fisch polysaccharide.
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Objective To investigate the effect of heat stress on organ indices, intestinal morphology, gastric mu-cosal HSP70 mRNA expression and glucose metabolic hormones in mice.Methods A single-factor experiment was de-signed for the present research.Eighteen KM mice of the similar age and weight were randomly divided into control group and heat stress group.The weight of the heart, liver, spleen, lung and kidney, as well as the expression of HSP70 mRNA in the mouse gastric mucosa were measured.The plasma concentration of insulin and glucagon, the villus height and crypt depth of the duodenum and jejunum were detected.The histological changes of the liver, duodenum and jejunum were also examined.Results There was no effect of heat stress on the organ indices.It significantly increased the expression of HSP70 mRNA in the gastric mucosa, reduced the plasma insulin level and caused serious injury to the liver, duodenum and jejunum in the mice.Conclusions Heat stress does not significantly affect the organ indices in mice, but can significantly increase the expression of HSP70 mRNA in the gastric mucosa, cause apparent damages in the liver, duodenum and jeju-num, reduce the villus height, crypt depth and villus height/crypt depth ratio of the duodenum and jejunum, and also de-crease the blood insulin concentration in the mice.
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OBJECTIVE: To prepare levamisole ferulate (LF) and investigate its effects on the immune function of mice with low immunity, thus to provide basic evidence for regulation of the immune status of animals and improvement of body's defense. METHODS: LF was synthesized by levamisole hydrochloride and sodium ferulate. The model of immune inhibited mice was established by intraperitoneal injection with cyclophosphamide (CTX). In order to verify and compare the effect of immune enhancement, a series of parameters were determined such as the immune organ index, the serum IgA, IgG and IgM in cyclophosphamide-induced-immunosu-pressed mice. RESULTS: The product was obtained and its yield was 80.49%. The identification of the product was done by means of elemental analysis, TLC, UV-Vis, IR and ESI-MS. LF significantly increased the contents of IgM and IgG in cyclophosphamide-in-duced-immunosupressed mice and improved the thymus and spleen indexes. CONCLUSION: This synthetic technique is simple and feasible. LF can significantly regulate the immune function in mice. Copyright 2012 by the Chinese Pharmaceutical Association.
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Objective To observe the therapeutic effect of Swertia mussotii Franch is extracted by alcohol on immunological liver injury in mice,and further evaluate its immun-regulating effect in decreasing aminotransferase and protecting heptocytes. Methods BCG vaccine and lipopolysaccharide were intravenously injected to establish liver injury model.The effects of Swertia mussotii Franch on liver injury were contrasted. Results The high-,medium-and low-dose Swertia mussotii Franch groups which had been administered for 10 consecutive days,had significantly inhibited serum ALT and AST acticities of immunological liver injury;Swertia mussotii Franch could effectively prevent immunological liver injury by BCG+LPS. Conclusion Swertia mussotii Franch can protect mice from immunological liver injury and protect the function of liver.
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Object To study the effects of WUZI SIWU GUASHITANG (WT) against multi glycosides of Tripterygium wilfordii Hook. f. (GTW) induced genital system toxicity in male rats and its mechanism. Methods Male rats in treatment groups were treated respectively with a 80 days oral administration of large , middle and small doses of WT plus a fixed dose of GTW. The rats as control were treated with GTW alone or saline. Thereafter, the changes in testis organ index, the number of spermatozoa, the rate of movable spermatozoa and the structure of spermatogenic cell epithlium were observed and the serum testosterone level was determined by IRMA. Then the comparison was made between treatment and control groups as to above variables. Results As compared with GTW group, large or middle dose of WT significantly increased the weight of testis, the number of spermatozoa and the rate of movable spermatozoa. Large dose of WT could relieve the damage of GTW to the spermatogenic cell epithelium completely and keep the serum testosterone at normal level. Conclusion The combined use of GTW with WT is very useful in relief of GTW induced adverse reactions of genital system in male rats. The mechanism by which WT exerts the counteractive effects is related to protecting the spermatogenic cell epithelium from being damaged by GTW, and keeping the serum testosterone at normal level.