The Effects of Propofol Anesthesia or Prophylactic Droperidol on Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting in Patients Undergoing a Gynecologic Laparoscopy / 대한마취과학회지

BACKGROUND: Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) is a common complication of a gynecologic laparoscopy. This study was designed to assess the effect of prophylactic droperidol 1 mg or propofol as the induction and maintenance anesthetic agent for prophylaxis of PONV in women undergoing a gynecologic laparoscopy. METHODS: Eighty ASA physical status 1, 2 patients undergoing an elective gynecologic laparoscopy were randomly allocated into four groups. Group 1 (n = 20) recieved an intravenous placebo of noraml saline 1 ml prior to induction of anesthesia and N2O-enflurane general anesthesia. Group 2 (n = 20) recieved an intravenous placebo of noraml saline 1 ml prior to induction of anesthesia and N2O-propofol general anesthesia. Group 3 (n = 20) recieved intravenous prophylactic droperidol 1 mg prior to induction of anesthesia and N2O-enflurane general anesthesia. Group 4 (n = 20) recieved intravenous prophylactic droperidol 1 mg prior to induction of anesthesia and N2O-propofol general anesthesia. RESULTS: The incidence and severity of PONV and sedation scores were assessed at 0, 30 min, 1, 3, 6, 24 and 48 hours postoperatively. The incidence of PONV was 75% in group 1, 10% in group 2, 30% in group 3 and 20% in group 4. The incidence of PONV during the first 6 hours postoperatively was 70% in group 1, 0% in group 2, 10% in group 3 and 5% in group 4 and there were no statistical differences among the four groups in the 6 to 24 hour postoperative period. Sedation scores were significantly higher in group 3 and 4 than in 1 and 2 in the 3 to 6 hour postoperative period. CONCLUSIONS: Propofol anesthesia, prophylactic droperidol 1 mg and a combination to prevent PONV were highly effective during the first 6 hours postoperatively.

Postoperative Antiemetic Effect of Ondansetron and Droperidol in Female Patients Undergoing Breast Surgery / 대한마취과학회지

BACKGROUND: Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) is one of the most common complications following surgery performed under general anesthesia, especially in female patients. A reduction of PONV would improve the overall satisfaction of patients with their hospital experience and the quality of patient care. We have compared the efficacy of ondansetron to droperidol and saline in the prevention of PONV in 90 ASA 1 and 2 patients undergoing breast surgery. METHODS: Patients were randomly divided into four groups to receive pretreatment with a placebo 20 ml, droperidol 1.25 mg and ondansetron 4 mg, or 8 mg. Postoperatively, all episodes of PONV experienced by the patients during the first 24 hours after anesthesia were recorded by study personnel without knowledge of which antiemetics the patients had received. RESULTS: There was no significant difference in the incidence of PONV between the four groups. No major adverse effects were observed in the ondansetron or droperidol groups. CONCLSIONS: The present study demonstrates that droperidol 1.25 mg, ondansetron 4 mg, or 8 mg IV are not superior to a placebo IV in preventing PONV after breast surgery.

A Study of Epidural Droperidol Dosage for Reducing Nausea, Vomiting and Pruritus Due to Epidural Morphine and Fentanyl in Epidural Pain Management of Patients Undergoing Vaginal Total Hysterectomy / 대한마취과학회지

BACKGROUND: Epidural pain control has been used extensively for postoperative pain management, but nausea, vomiting and pruritus associated with morphine and fentanyl administration remain intractable problems. The aim of this study is to find the optimal epidural droperidol dosage for reducing the side effects of epidural morphine and fentanyl. METHODS: 140 patients randomly sampled and undergoing vaginal total hysterectomy were divided into 7 groups. Groups I and IV, and groups II and V, and groups III and VI, received 5 mg, 3.75 mg, 2.5 mg of droperidol by 2-day infusion pump through the indwelling epidural catheter, respectively. Group IV, V, VI patients received 1.25 mg of bolus droperidol through the indwelling epidural catheter at the time of peritoneal closure. As group VII was the control group, these patients received only epidural analgesics (morphine 10 mg, fentanyl citrate 300 microgram and 0.05% bupivacaine 100 ml) by 2-day infusion pump. RESULTS: Droperidol significantly reduced the incidence and severity of postoperative nausea, vomiting and itching sensation compared with the control group but verbal rating scale (VRS) of sedation was increased with the dosage of droperidol. There was no significant difference in the intensity of analgesia between the there groups. CONCLUSIONS: An effective epidural droperidol dosage for reducing postoperative nausea, vomiting and pruritus due to epidural pain control is 2.5 mg by 2-day infusion pump.

A Study of Epidural Droperidol Dosage for Reducing Nausea, Vomiting and Pruritus Due to Epidural Morphine and Fentanyl in Epidural Pain Management of Patients Undergoing Vaginal Total Hysterectomy / 대한마취과학회지

BACKGROUND: Epidural pain control has been used extensively for postoperative pain management, but nausea, vomiting and pruritus associated with morphine and fentanyl administration remain intractable problems. The aim of this study is to find the optimal epidural droperidol dosage for reducing the side effects of epidural morphine and fentanyl. METHODS: 140 patients randomly sampled and undergoing vaginal total hysterectomy were divided into 7 groups. Groups I and IV, and groups II and V, and groups III and VI, received 5 mg, 3.75 mg, 2.5 mg of droperidol by 2-day infusion pump through the indwelling epidural catheter, respectively. Group IV, V, VI patients received 1.25 mg of bolus droperidol through the indwelling epidural catheter at the time of peritoneal closure. As group VII was the control group, these patients received only epidural analgesics (morphine 10 mg, fentanyl citrate 300 microgram and 0.05% bupivacaine 100 ml) by 2-day infusion pump. RESULTS: Droperidol significantly reduced the incidence and severity of postoperative nausea, vomiting and itching sensation compared with the control group but verbal rating scale (VRS) of sedation was increased with the dosage of droperidol. There was no significant difference in the intensity of analgesia between the there groups. CONCLUSIONS: An effective epidural droperidol dosage for reducing postoperative nausea, vomiting and pruritus due to epidural pain control is 2.5 mg by 2-day infusion pump.

Influence of Droperidol on Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting during Patient-Controlled Analgesia with Fentanyl / 대한마취과학회지

INTRODUCTION: Patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) has become an important means for postoperative analgesia with parenteral opioid, but postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) remains a major problem using a PCA system. The present study was designed to assess the antiemetic effectiveness of droperidol in patients using an intravenous PCA during the first 24 hours after surgery. METHODS: For the postoperative analgesia, 80 patients underwent orthopedic surgery were randomly allocated to receive PCA with either a mixture of 3.75 mg droperidol and fentanyl 2500 microgram after initial bolus of 1.25 mg droperidol as the FD group, or a mixture of saline and fentanyl 2500 microgram as the FS group at the end of surgery. RESULTS: The incidence of PONV showed 52.5% in FS group and 15% in FD group respectively (P<0.05). The incidence of PONV was 2~3 times more in women (76% in FS group & 25% in FD group) than men (35% in FS group & 9% in FD group). CONCLUSION: The addition of droperidol to fentanyl in a PCA system reduces the PONV during the first 24 hours after surgery.

The Effects of Epidural Droperidol on the Analgegic and Side Effects of Epidural Morphine / 대한마취과학회지

BACKGROUND: Epidural morphine is effective in the treatment of postoperative pain, but the incidence of associated side effects is high. To evaluate the reduction of opioid sideeffects by epidural use of droperidol mixture, this study was performed. METHODS: Randomly sampled sixty patients undergoing upper abdominal surgery were divided into two groups. To assess a reduction of opioid side effects by droperidol, group I (n=30) were received 3mg morphine and 0.15% bupivacaine 10ml through the indwelling epidural catheter before the conclusion of operation, followed by an infusion of 6 mg morphine plus 0.15% bupivacaine 100ml with the two day infusor. Group II (n=30) were treated with the same protocol as group I but 1.5 mg of droperidol was added to initial bolus and 5mg of droperidol to the two day infusor. Analgesic effect and side effect were 48 hours after operation. RESULTS: No significant differences in intensity of analgesiaand sedation were seen. The intensity of nausea and vomiting in the group II was significantly less than in the group I at 8, 12 hours after operation (p<0.05). The intensity of pruritus in group II was significantly less than in group I at 4, 8 hours of postoperative period (p<0.05). The frequency of nausea, vomiting, pruritus and urinary retention in group II were less than in group I. respiratory depression. Epidural injection of droperidol did not result in any local or systemic side effects. CONCLUSION: The addition of epidural droperidol significantly reduced the side effects of epidural morphine without altering the effect on analgesia.