Metabolic compromise in women with PCOS: earlier than expected

SUMMARY Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is an endocrinopathy with unknown pathophysiology among women of reproductive age. Several studies have been conducted to determine the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) among PCOS patients. Recent studies have reported varied prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) in women with PCOS. The aim of this study is to determine if women with PCOS are at a higher risk of MetS or some degree of metabolic compromise. METHODS: This is an observational study. A total of 96 women diagnosed with PCOS (according to the Rotterdam consensus criteria) were included. Variables of diagnostic criteria for MetS according to the ATP III were analyzed at the first consultation. Data analysis was performed using Epi Info™ 7.2.2.16. RESULTS: We assessed the prevalence of obesity, blood pressure, glucose intolerance, and dyslipidemia in 96 women with PCOS and an average age of 28 (17-39) years. Forty percent of the women had BMI <25 kg/m2; 85.4% had blood pressure <130/85 mm Hg; 22.9% had HDL cholesterol >50 mg/dl, 57.3% had triglycerides <150 mg/dl, 63.5% had fasting glucose <100 mg/dl. According to the ATP III criteria for MetS, 8.33% met none of the criteria, 19.79% met one criterion, 15.63% two criteria, 41.67% 3 criteria, 13.54% 4 criteria, and 1.04% met the 5 criteria. CONCLUSION: Considering the high prevalence of MetS or altered metabolic components in PCOS patients at the moment of the diagnosis, its regular screening is necessary to reduce the mortality and morbidity rates in these women.

RESUMO A síndrome dos ovários policísticos (SOP) é uma endocrinopatia com fisiopatologia desconhecida em mulheres em idade reprodutiva. Vários estudos foram realizados para determinar a prevalência da síndrome metabólica (SM) em pacientes com SOP. Estudos recentes relataram prevalência variada de síndrome metabólica (SM) em mulheres com SOP. O objetivo deste estudo é determinar se as mulheres com SOP apresentam maior risco de SM ou algum grau de comprometimento metabólico. MÉTODOS: Estudo de desenho observacional. Foram incluídas 96 mulheres diagnosticadas com SOP (de acordo com os critérios de consenso de Roterdã). Variáveis de critérios de diagnóstico para SM de acordo com o ATP III foram analisadas na primeira consulta. A análise dos dados foi realizada usando o Epi Info™ 7.2.2.16. RESULTADOS: Avaliamos prevalência de obesidade, pressão arterial, intolerância à glicose e dislipidemia em 96 mulheres com SOP, com idade de 28 (17-39) anos. Quarenta por cento das mulheres tinham IMC <25 kg/m2; 85,4% tinham pressão arterial <130/85 mm Hg; 22,9% tinham colesterol HDL >50 mg/dl, 57,3% tinham triglicerídeos <150 mg/dl, 63,5% tinham glicemia de jejum <100 mg/dl. Segundo os critérios do ATP III para SM, 8,33% não possuíam critérios, 19,79% possuíam um critério, 15,63% possuíam dois critérios, 41,67% possuíam três critérios, 13,54% possuíam quatro critérios, 1,05% possuía os cinco critérios. CONCLUSÃO: Considerando a alta prevalência de SM ou algum componente metabólico alterado em pacientes com SOP no momento do diagnóstico, sua triagem regular é necessária para reduzir as taxas de mortalidade e morbidade nessas mulheres.

Síndrome de ovario poliquístico e infertilidad: Opciones de tratamiento / Polycystic ovary syndrome and infertility. options treatment

El síndrome de ovario poliquístico es el trastorno endocrino - metabólico más común en las mujeres en edad reproductiva. Es frecuente observar la presencia de resistencia a la insulina e hiperinsulinemia. Está asociado a un rasgo genético complejo, donde múltiples variantes genéticas y factores ambientales interactúan para favorecer el desarrollo de la enfermedad. Suele causar infertilidad debido a la disfunción ovulatoria y menstrual. Para su diagnóstico se suele utilizar los criterios de Rotterdam 2003 y para su tratamiento se recomienda inicialmente la pérdida de peso ya que da lugar a la restauración de los ciclos ovulatorios normales y además mejora la resistencia a la insulina, el hiperandrogenismo y las tasas de embarazo. El tratamiento farmacológico de inicio es la combinación de metformina y citrato de clomifeno y si esta combinación no tiene éxito, los tratamientos de segunda línea incluyen la administración de gonadotropinas seguido de la fertilización in vitro.

Polycystic ovary syndrome is the endocrine disorder - metabolic more common in women of reproductive age. It is frequent observe the presence of insulin resistance and hyperinsulinemia. It is also associated with a complex genetic trait, where multiple genetic variants and environmental factors interact to promote the development of the disease. Usually cause infertility due to the menstrual and ovulatory dysfunction. For its diagnosis is often used the Rotterdam 2003 criteria and for its treatment is initially recommended weight loss because it leads to the restoration of the normal ovulatory cycles and improves insulin resistance, hyperandrogenism and pregnancy rates. The pharmacological treatment starts with the combination of metformin and clomiphene citrate and if this combination is not successful the second-line treatment includes the administration of gonadotropins followed by in vitro fertilization.