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Objetivo: Mapear e analisar os potenciais desafios e estratégias na implementação da Enfermagem de Práticas Avançadas, no modelo de atendimento pré-hospitalar móvel brasileiro, a partir da experiência de outros países. Métodos: Revisão narrativa, a partir da análise da literatura sobre o tema, realizada em duas etapas: Revisão de documentos de entidades internacionais e busca de artigos nas bases nas bases Pubmed, LILACS, Scielo e no Google Scholar. Ao final, foi realizada a análise de cada desafio elencado e suas respectivas estratégias, quando aplicados ao modelo pré-hospitalar móvel brasileiro. Resultados: Os principais desafios analisados foram: compreensão do papel dos enfermeiros de práticas avançadas; a definição do escopo de práticas e das políticas de formação e qualificação; a regulamentação da atuação; a redução da resistência médica; os custos de implementação e a definição de mecanismos de remuneração. As estratégias de enfrentamento incluem: a sensibilização do público, definição do conjunto de prerrogativas e dos mecanismos de credenciamento e formação, associados a constituição de currículos potentes. Conclusão: Foram mapeados e analisados desafios e estratégias, que permitiram antecipar o cenário de aplicação da proposta da Enfermagem de Práticas Avançadas no modelo pré-hospitalar brasileiro, viabilizando proposição de ações fundamentais para a implementação e o sucesso da estratégia no país. (AU)
Objective: To map and analyze the potential challenges and strategies in the implementation of Advanced Practice Nursing in the Brazilian mobile pre-hospital care model, based on the experience of other countries. Methods: Narrative review, based on the literature on the subject, carried out in two stages: Review of documents from international organizations and search for articles in the databases Pubmed, LILACS, Scielo and Google Scholar. At the end, the analysis of each challenge listed and their respective strategies was carried out, when applied to the Brazilian mobile prehospital model. Results: The main challenges analyzed were: understanding the role of advanced practice nurses; definition of the scope of training and qualification practices and policies; the regulation of performance; the reduction of medical resistance; implementation costs and definition of remuneration mechanisms. Coping strategies include: raising public awareness, defining the set of prerogatives and mechanisms for accreditation and training, associated with building powerful curricula. Conclusion: Challenges and strategies were mapped and analyzed, which made it possible to anticipate the scenario of application of the Advanced Practice Nursing proposal in the brazilian prehospital model, enabling the proposition of fundamental actions for the implementation and success of the strategy in the country. (AU)
Objetivos: Objetivos: Mapear y analizar los potenciales desafíos y estrategias en la implementación de la Enfermería de Práctica Avanzada en el modelo de atención prehospitalaria móvil brasileña, a partir de la experiencia de otros países. Métodos: Revisión narrativa, basada en la literatura sobre el tema, realizada en dos etapas: Revisión de documentos de organismos internacionales y búsqueda de artículos en las bases de datos Pubmed, LILACS, Scielo y Google Scholar. Al final, se realizó el análisis de cada desafío listado y sus respectivas estrategias, cuando se aplicó al modelo prehospitalario móvil brasileño. Resultados: Los principales desafíos analizados fueron: comprender el papel de las enfermeras de práctica avanzada; definición del alcance de las prácticas y políticas de formación y cualificación; la regulación del desempeño; la reducción de la resistencia médica; costos de implementación y definición de mecanismos de retribución. Las estrategias de afrontamiento incluyen: sensibilizar al público, definir el conjunto de prerrogativas y mecanismos de acreditación y formación, asociados con la construcción de planes de estudio potentes. Conclusión: Se mapearon y analizaron desafíos y estrategias que permitieron anticipar el escenario de aplicación de la propuesta de Enfermería de Práctica Avanzada en el modelo prehospitalario brasileño, posibilitando la proposición de acciones fundamentales para la implementación y éxito de la estrategia en el país. (AU)
Subject(s)
Advanced Practice Nursing , Delivery of Health Care , Emergency Medical ServicesABSTRACT
Objective:To analyze the causes of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) and the differences in outcomes of pre-hospital first-aid measures and cardiopulmonary resuscitation for different etiologies, improved the success rate of rescue.Methods:A retrospective study was conducted on OHCA patients admitted to Beijing Emergency Medical Centre from January to December 2021. The pre-hospital emergency medical records and rescue results within medical institutions were collected. Compared the basic situation between patients with cardiogenic and non-cardiogenic cardiac arrest, the differences of rescue measures and CPR outcomes between the groups were compared by non-parametric test and χ 2 test. Results:A total of 7 517 patients were included in this study. Cardiogenic arrest patients were older, more underlying diseases (84.2%), and cardiac arrest mainly occurred at home. The cause of non-cardiogenic arrest included disease (85.1%), trauma (2.9%), suicide (5.0%), traffic accidents (1.7%), poisoning (1.1%), and so on. In terms of first-aid measures, after the emergency doctor arrived at the scene, the proportion of first-aid measures used for cardiogenic patients was high (22.3%), and the first aid measures include cardiopulmonary resuscitation, tracheal intubation, defibrillation, oxygen inhalation, injection of adrenaline and use of other drugs. All the proportions of first-aid measures for cardiogenic patients were significantly higher than non-cardiogenic patients (all P<0.001). In terms of clinical outcomes, there were no statistical differences in return of spontaneous circulation ( P=0.072) and 24-hour survival ( P=0.093) between cardiogenic and non-cardiogenic patients. Conclusions:Cardiogenic cardiac arrest was the main cause of OHCA. Cardiogenic arrest patients were more underlying diseases, and older in age, the main clinical feature was onset at home. The comprehensive treatment measures for pre-hospital first-aid cardiac arrest should continue to be strengthened to improve the success rate of rescue for OHCA.
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Objective:To analyze and discuss the characteristics of cardiopulmonary and cerebral resuscitation (CPCR) in patients after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA).Methods:The data of OHCA patients admitted to the directly-managed branch of the Wuxi Emergency Medical Center, covering the period from December 26, 2016, at 7:45 to August 26, 2022, at 7:45. The analysis included the first electrocardiogram (ECG), clinical characteristics, pre-hospital emergency measures, and follow-up conditions in the hospital. Based on the Glasgow-Pittsburgh cerebral function grading at discharge, patients were divided into a CPCR group (grades 1-2) and a non-CPCR group (grades 3-5). The study compared the basic conditions, resuscitation times, and vital signs after resuscitation between the two groups to evaluate the factors affecting CPCR.Results:A total of 6 040 OHCA cases were treated, 3 002 cases received pre-hospital resuscitation. The initial ECG indicated a shockable rhythm in 185 cases, with a shockable rhythm rate of 6.16%. There were 293 pre-hospital survivors, with a pre-hospital survival rate of 9.76%. 170 cases survived to be discharged, with a discharge survival rate of 5.66%. Ultimately, 44 cases achieved CPCR, accounting for 25.88% of the cases that survived to discharge. There were statistically significant differences in terms of first-witness treatment, defibrillable rhythm ratio, defibrillation, response to pain stimulation after return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC), spontaneous breathing, light reflex, pulse oxygenation, and blood pressure between the CPCR and non-CPCR groups (all P<0.05). The CPCR group showed significantly higher proportions than the non-CPCR group in the defibrillatable rhythm (75.00% vs. 10.44%), undergoing defibrillation (70.46% vs. 9.24%), having spontaneous breathing after ROSC (86.36% vs. 17.27%), and having oxygen saturation >92% with systolic blood pressure >90 mmHg (86.36% vs. 39.76%).There were statistically significant differences between the CPCR and non-CPCR groups in the time from cardiac arrest (CA) to doctor reception, CA to first defibrillation, CA to ROSC, and CA to discharge or in-hospital death (all P<0.05). Conclusions:The patients with successful pre-hospital resuscitation and finally cerebral resuscitation were characterized by short times from OHCA to first medical contact (FMC) and from FMC to ROSC, appropriate pre-hospital vital sign management accompanied by partial neurological recovery, and comprehensive in-hospital neurological prognosis assessment.
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Objective:To explore the impact of emergency response to public health emergencies on the efficiency of pre-hospital emergency work, and study the degree of impact on 120 ambulance dispatchers in Chongqing city during pre-periods and post-periods of the emergency intervention.Methods:Taking 120 phone answering and ambulance operation efficiency as the research subjects, we collected pre-hospital emergency case data from a city's emergency medical center, covering the period from November 10, 2021 to January 6, 2023. The cases were divided into groups according to the time periods of emergency response. A regression discontinuity design method was employed to compare the response of emergency intervention to the predictions (virtual cases) without the emergency intervention, obtaining the average intervention effect.Results:During the study period of 27 days, the number of 120 calls picked up within 10 seconds increased from 11 000 to 19 000, but the answering rate slightly decreased within 10 seconds. The vacancy rate of 120 ambulances during emergency response decreased from 0.39% to 0.20%, but the completion rate within 18 minutes decreased from 72% to 30%. In this particular emergency response period, the number of patient complaints (such as high fever and difficulty breathing) increased compared to the pre-period of emergency response.Conclusion:Emergency response significantly impacts pre-hospital emergency work such as emergency phone answering and ambulance operation efficiency. This study provides empirical research results and decision-making support for urban emergency medical services to respond to public health emergencies.
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@#Objective To provide reference for improving job satisfaction,ensuring service quality and promoting sustainable development of pre-hospital emergency care field,this paper investigated the current situation of job satisfaction of pre-hospital emergency staff in Beijing and analyzed it's differences and influencing factors.Methods SPSS 23.0 was used to input the data,and T-test,variance analysis,multiple linear regression and other processing were performed.Result Basic information of 714 pre-hospital emergency staff in Beijing in terms of subordinate unit,gender,age,education level,job post,title classification,title grade and working years;the proportion of job satisfaction of average and unsatisfactory reached 39.91%;the difference in job satisfaction among the seven categories was statistically significant;seven factors had statistically significant effects on job satisfaction;90.20%of pre-hospital emergency staff suggested improving their salary.Conclusion Prehospital emergency staff in Beijing are mainly young and middle-aged men,with a high proportion of college or university degree;job satisfaction is not good;pre-hospital emergency staff with different levels of education,jobs and working years have significant influence on job satisfaction;reinforcing the construction of talent team from the aspects of salary improvement and pre-hospital emergency technical training is important to improve the job satisfaction of pre-hospital emergency personnel.
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Objective: to investigate the relationship between team climate and job satisfaction among professionals working in mobile pre-hospital care. Method: this is a quantitative, correlational study carried out in a mobile pre-hospital care service in the São Paulo Metropolitan Region. The participants were 95 professionals, allocated to 40 teams, who answered three questionnaires: sociodemographic/labor data, Team Climate Scale and S20/23 Job Satisfaction Scale. Descriptive statistics and multilevel linear models were used for the analysis, including moderation effects. The Backward method was used to ascertain the order of significance. Results: in the models, the relationships between satisfaction with hierarchical relationships and the factor "support for new ideas" moderated for men and "task orientation" for women were significant. For satisfaction with the physical environment, "working hours" and "participation in the team" were significant and, for intrinsic satisfaction, the regime, working hours and the factors "team objectives", "participation in the team" and "support for new ideas" remained significant, as did the moderation effect between length of service, "participation in the team" and "support for new ideas". Conclusion: team climate is influenced by job satisfaction in a heterogeneous way and the moderating effect of this relationship is associated with gender and length of service.
Objetivo: examinar la relación entre el clima en equipo y la satisfacción laboral de los profesionales que trabajan en servicios de atención prehospitalaria móvil. Método: estudio cuantitativo y correlacional realizado en un servicio de atención prehospitalaria móvil en la Región Metropolitana de São Paulo. Participaron 95 profesionales, distribuidos en 40 equipos, que respondieron a tres cuestionarios: datos sociodemográficos/laborales, Escalas de Clima en Equipo y de Satisfacción Laboral S20/23. Para el análisis, se utilizaron estadísticas descriptivas y modelos lineales multiniveles, incluyendo efectos de moderación. Se empleó el método Backward para determinar el orden de significancia. Resultados: en los modelos, fueron significativas las relaciones entre la satisfacción con las relaciones jerárquicas y el factor "apoyo para nuevas ideas" moderado por el género masculino y "orientación hacia las tareas" en mujeres. Para la satisfacción con el ambiente físico, fueron significativos "jornada laboral" y "participación en el equipo", y para la satisfacción intrínseca, se mantuvieron significativos el régimen, la jornada y los factores "objetivos del equipo", "participación en el equipo" y "apoyo para ideas nuevas", y el efecto de moderación entre el tiempo de actuación, "participación en el equipo" y "apoyo para ideas nuevas". Conclusión: el clima en equipo es influenciado por la satisfacción laboral de manera heterogénea y el efecto moderador de esta relación se asocia con el género y el tiempo de actuación en el servicio.
Objetivo: examinar a relação entre clima em equipe e satisfação no trabalho de profissionais atuantes em atendimento pré-hospitalar móvel. Método: estudo quantitativo, correlacional, realizado em um serviço de atendimento pré-hospitalar móvel da Região Metropolitana de São Paulo. Participaram 95 profissionais, alocados em 40 equipes, os quais responderam a três questionários: dados sociodemográficos/laborais, Escalas de Clima na Equipe e de Satisfação no Trabalho S20/23. Para a análise, foram usados a estatística descritiva e os modelos lineares multiníveis, incluindo efeitos de moderação. Empregou-se o método Backward para averiguar a ordem de significância. Resultados: nos modelos, foram significantes as relações entre satisfação com relações hierárquicas e fator "apoio para novas ideias" moderado ao gênero homem e "orientação para as tarefas" às mulheres. Para satisfação com ambiente físico, foram significantes "jornada de trabalho" e "participação na equipe" e, para satisfação intrínseca, permaneceram significantes o regime, a jornada e os fatores "objetivos da equipe", "participação na equipe" e "apoio para ideias novas", e efeito de moderação entre tempo de atuação, "participação na equipe" e "apoio para ideias novas". Conclusão: clima em equipe é influenciado pela satisfação no trabalho de modo heterogêneo e o efeito moderador dessa relação associa-se ao gênero e ao tempo de atuação no serviço.
Subject(s)
Humans , Patient Care Team , Ambulances , Emergency Medical Services , Job SatisfactionABSTRACT
Um relato de experiência que visa apresentar a sistematização de atendimento para o manejo de crises psíquicas desenvolvida pelo Núcleo de Saúde Mental do Samu-DF. A metodologia, fundamentada nos passos do arco de Maguerez, permitiu desde a identificação das dificuldades dos profissionais no manejo das crises psíquicas até a construção da sistematização denominada "Circuito de Cuidados Psicossociais" para orientar a assistência no serviço pré-hospitalar móvel. O circuito tem como mnemônico "AEIOU", e cada letra corresponde a um elemento avaliado como necessário na intervenção de crise psíquica. Assim, é possível afirmar que a Educação Permanente em Saúde possibilita uma ação transformadora dos profissionais e da realidade na qual estão inseridos, e a sistematização tem acelerado a consolidação das habilidades necessárias ao atendimento das crises psíquicas.
Un relato de experiencia cuyo objetivo es presentar la sistematización de atención para el manejo de crisis psíquicas desarrollada por el Núcleo de Salud Mental del SAMU-DF. La metodología, fundamentada en los pasos del arco de Maguerez, permitió desde la identificación de las dificultades de los profesionales en el manejo de las crisis psíquicas hasta la construcción de la sistematización denominada "Circuito de Cuidados Psicosociales" para orientar la asistencia en el servicio pre-hospitalario móvil. El circuito tiene como iniciales mnemónicas "AEIOU" y cada letra corresponde a un elemento evaluado como necesario en la intervención de crisis psíquica. De tal forma, es posible afirmar que la educación permanente en salud posibilita una acción transformadora de los profesionales y de la realidad en la cual están inseridos y que la sistematización ha acelerado la consolidación de las habilidades necesarias para la atención de las crisis psíquicas.
An experience report that aims to present the systematization of care for the management of psychic crises developed by the SAMU-DF Mental Health Center. The methodology, based on the steps of the Maguerez's Arch, allowed both the identification of professionals' difficulties regarding psychic crises management and the construction of the system called "Psychosocial Care Circuit'' to guide the assistance of the mobile pre-hospital care. The Circuit has as mnemonic AEIOU, and each letter corresponds to an element evaluated as necessary for the psychic crisis intervention. Therefore, it is possible to affirm that the permanent education in health enables the transformative action of professionals, in addition to transforming the reality in which they are inserted, and that the systematization has accelerated the consolidation of the necessary skills for psychic crises care.
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Objetivo: identificar situações adversas no cotidiano de trabalho de profissionais de um serviço de atendimento pré-hospitalar móvel de urgência. Método: estudo qualitativo, fundamentado no referencial teórico de cotidiano de Michel de Certeau, realizado entre julho e outubro de 2020, por meio de entrevistas com 32 profissionais do Serviço de Atendimento Móvel de Urgência (SAMU) de Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais. O tratamento dos dados foi realizado por análise temática e organizado utilizando-se o software MAXQDA®. Resultados: as situações adversas foram intempéries climáticas; situações de violência; pressão exercida por traficantes, familiares, transeuntes; despreparo dos profissionais e atendimentos em locais inóspitos, de difícil acesso, imprevisíveis, que podem desencadear possíveis incidentes durante os atendimentos aos usuários. Conclusão: a identificação das situações adversas deve fazer parte da rotina antes e durante os atendimentos e a implementação de medidas preventivas reduz os riscos de incidentes ao paciente(AU)
Objective: to identify adverse situations in the daily work of professionals in a mobile emergency pre-hospital care service. Method: qualitative study, based on Michel de Certeau's daily theoretical framework, carried out between July and October 2020, through interviews with 32 professionals from the Mobile Emergency Care Service (SAMU) in Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais. Data processing was carried out by thematic analysis and organized using the MAXQDA® software. Results: the adverse situations were bad weather; violence´s situations; pressure exerted by drug dealers, family members, passers-by; unpreparedness of professionals and assistance in inhospitable, difficult to access, unpredictable places, which can trigger possible incidents during assistance to users. Conclusions: the identification of adverse situations should be part of the routine before and during the assistences and the implementation of preventive measures reduces the risk of incidents for the patient(AU)
Objetivo: identificar situaciones adversas en el cotidiano del trabajo de los profesionales de un servicio de atención prehospitalaria móvil de emergencia. Método: estudio cualitativo, basado en el marco teórico de cotidiano de Michel de Certeau, realizado entre julio y octubre de 2020, a través de entrevistas con 32 profesionales del Servicio Móvil de Atención de Emergencia (SAMU) en Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais. El tratamiento de los datos se realizó por análisis temático y se organizó utilizando el software MAXQDA®. Resultados: las situaciones adversas fueron intemperies climáticas, situaciones de violencia; presión ejercida por narcotraficantes, familiares, transeúntes; falta de preparación de los profesionales y atención en lugares inhóspitos, de difícil acceso, impredecibles, que pueden desencadenar posibles incidentes durante la atención a los usuarios. Conclusiones: la identificación de situaciones adversas debe formar parte de la rutina antes y durante las consultas, y la implementación de medidas preventivas le reduce el riesgo de incidentes al paciente(AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Emergency Medical Services , Prehospital Care , Workplace Violence , Health Personnel , Qualitative Research , Working ConditionsABSTRACT
Objetivo: Identificar los principales beneficios y limitaciones al aplicar la tecnología en la integración de la atención prehospitalaria a la red de salud. Metodología: Revisión sistemática basada en la declaración PRISMA, realizada entre julio y octubre del año 2020, bases de datos utilizada: Pubmed, BVSalud, Cinahl, Scielo y Scopus con los buscadores MeSH: ["Emergency medical service"], ["prehospital, ["Technology"], ["System integration"], ["Intersectorial collaboration"], ["Telemedicine"], ["Emergencies technology"], ["Medical informatics"], y operadores boleanos AND, OR. Entre los años 2010 al 2020, en idioma inglés y español. Se excluyeron tesis, resúmenes de congresos y editoriales. De 4719 artículos, se seleccionaron 16 de acuerdo con la calidad metodológica Mixed Methods Appraisal Toll. Resultados: Para el análisis se utilizó el Modelo Infoway Benefits Evaluation Framewor: Beneficios: Optimización de la información entre los centros hospitalarios y equipos de rescate, acceso en tiempo real a la ficha del paciente, preparación temprana de los hospitales receptores. Se consolida la productividad del sistema, minimización los tiempos de espera, de derivaciones y traslados de pacientes; Limitaciones: Problemas con el acceso y calidad de internet, proveedores de tecnología poco confiables, de lenta respuesta, o dificultades con el financiamiento y la privacidad del sistema lo que genera frustración en los equipos. Conclusiones: La aplicación de tecnología en la integración de la atención prehospitalaria a la red de salud, genera beneficios y debe considerar el uso de los sistemas de información y la satisfacción usuaria para lograr la integración con los sistemas de salud, considerando las limitaciones del contexto.
Aim: To identify the main benefits and limitations of applying technology in integrating prehospital care into the health network. Methodology: Systematic review based on the PRISMA statement, carried out between July and October 2020, databases used: Pubmed, BVSalud, Cinahl, Scielo, and Scopus with MeSH search engines: ["Emergency medical service"], ["prehospital, ["Technology"], ["System integration"], ["Intersectorial collaboration"], ["Telemedicine"], ["Emergencies technology"], ["Medical informatics"], and boolean operators AND, OR. Between 2010 and 2020, in English and Spanish. Theses, conference abstracts and editorials were excluded. Out of 4719 articles, 16 were selected according to the methodological quality Mixed Methods Appraisal Toll. Results: The Infoway Benefits Evaluation Framewor Model was used for the analysis. Benefits: Optimization of information between hospital centers and rescue teams, real-time access to patient records, early preparation of receiving hospitals. Consolidation of system productivity, minimization of waiting times, referrals, and patient transfers; Limitations: Problems with internet access and quality, unreliable technology providers, slow response, or difficulties with funding and privacy of the system, which generates frustration in the teams. Conclusions: The application of technology in integrating prehospital care into the health network generates benefits and should consider the use of information systems and user satisfaction to achieve integration with health systems, considering the limitations of the context.
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O alto índice de morbimortalidade por traumas evidencia a necessidade global de medidas preventivas. O enfermeiro deve estar preparado para realizar intervenções básicas e intermediárias no Atendimento Pré-Hospitalar (APH), utilizando o conhecimento técnico-científico adquirido durante sua formação acadêmica. Objetivo: Avaliar o conhecimento dos estudantes de enfermagem de uma universidade do meio oeste de Santa Catarina para o atendimento de pacientes politraumatizados no ambiente pré-hospitalar. Métodos: A pesquisa ocorreu no mês de maio de 2023 através de uma simulação realística em atendimento pré-hospitalar a partir de um cenário fictício de paciente politraumatizado com uso de atores utilizando o Trauma Standard Checklist no pré e pós-teste. Resultados: Quando comparados os escores entre as três equipes são observadas diferenças entre as equipes no pré e pós-teste. Conclusão: Os achados deste estudo evidenciam que cenários de simulações realísticas bem-preparados podem impactar significativamente no aprendizado dos estudantes e assim melhor prepará-los para o mercado de trabalho.(AU)
The high rate of morbidity and mortality from trauma highlights the global need for preventive measures. Nurses must be prepared to perform basic and intermediate interventions in Pre-Hospital Care (APH), using the technical-scientific knowledge acquired during their academic training. Objective: To evaluate the knowledge of nursing students from a university in the midwest of Santa Catarina for the care of polytraumatized patients in the pre-hospital environment. Methods: The research took place in May 2023 through a realistic simulation in pre-hospital care from a fictitious scenario of a polytraumatized patient using actors using the Trauma Standard Checklist in the pre and post-test. Results: When comparing the scores between the three teams, differences are observed between the teams in the pre- and post-test. Conclusion: The findings of this study show that well-prepared realistic simulation scenarios can significantly impact students' learning and thus better prepare them for the labor market.(AU)
La elevada tasa de morbimortalidad por traumatismos pone de manifiesto la necesidad global de medidas preventivas. Los enfermeros deben estar preparados para realizar intervenciones básicas e intermedias en la Atención Prehospitalaria (APH), utilizando los conocimientos técnico-científicos adquiridos durante su formación académica. Objetivo: Evaluar los conocimientos de los estudiantes de enfermería de una universidad del centro-oeste de Santa Catarina para el cuidado de pacientes politraumatizados en el ambiente prehospitalario. Método: La investigación se realizó en mayo de 2023 a través de una simulación realista en la atención prehospitalaria a partir de un escenario ficticio de un paciente politraumatizado utilizando actores que utilizaron el Trauma Standard Checklist en el pre y post test. Resultados: Al comparar las puntuaciones entre los tres equipos, se observaron diferencias entre los equipos en el pre y post-test. Conclusión: Los resultados de este estudio muestran que los escenarios de simulación realista bien preparados pueden tener un impacto significativo en el aprendizaje de los estudiantes y, por lo tanto, prepararlos mejor para el mercado laboral.(AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Adult , Nursing , Emergency Medical Services , Simulation TrainingABSTRACT
El manejo pre-hospitalario del trauma corresponde a la fase cero del control de daños, tiene por objetivo evitar y prevenir el desarrollo del rombo mortal. A pesar de que la mortalidad causada por una hemorragia aguda traumática es prevenible, solo el 50% de los pacientes son manejados a tiempo. En la actualidad, existen múltiples métodos mecánicos y químicos para el control hemorrágico en un ambiente austero. La campaña Stop the Bleed de la American College of Surgeons (ACS), ha promovido el uso de los dispositivos mecánicos por la población general a través de la capacitación. En el enfrentamiento prehospitalario del trauma, se utiliza el clásico A-B-C-D-E, agregando la letra X al inicio, para indicar que el primer manejo debe ser el control de las hemorragias externas compresibles. En conclusión: El manejo prehospitalario rápido y ordenado, determina mejores resultados en la evolución clínica y sobrevida del paciente politraumatizado.
The pre-hospital management of trauma is zero phase of damage control, its objective is to avoid and prevent the development of the fatal rhombus. Although mortality caused by acute traumatic hemorrhage is preventable, only 50% of patients are managed on time. Currently there are multiple mechanical and chemical methods for hemorrhagic control in an austere environment. The Stop the Bleed program of the American College of Surgeons (ACS) has promoted the use of mechanical devices by the general population through training. In prehospital trauma, the classic A-B-C-D-E is used, adding the letter X at the beginning to indicate that the first management should be of compressible external hemorrhages. The rapid and orderly prehospital management determines better results in the clinical evolution and survival of the polytraumatized patient.
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Objective: to analyze the use of tranexamic acid (TXA) in the pre-hospital public air service in the Federal District. Method: descriptive study with cross-sectional design and quantitative approach. The study encompasses the documentary analysis of secondary data from the electronic medical records and attendance sheets of the Aeromedical Service (SA) of the Federal District (DF). Results: There was a reduction in the degree of shock and improvement in hemodynamic parameters from the Pre-Hospital (APH) to the in-hospital moment after using TXA. Conclusion: it was observed in the present study that the use of TXA associated with other hemorrhage control measures proved to be effective in improving the hemodynamic condition of patients. Volemic resuscitation of patients in the pre-hospital period and other measures to contain bleeding proved to be effective for resuscitation in severe degrees of shock. The administration of TXA in the APH occurred in the 1st hour of care with a dosage of 1g, with improvement.(AU)
Objetivo:analisar o uso do ácido tranexâmico (TXA) no serviço pré-hospitalar aéreo público do Distrito Federal. Método: estudo descritivo com delineamento transversal e abordagem. O estudo engloba a análise documental de dados secundários provenientes dos prontuários eletrônicos e fichas de atendimento do Serviço Aeromédico (SA) do Distrito Federal (DF). Resultados: O correu redução no grau de choque e melhora dos parâmetros hemodinâmicos do momento Pré-Hospitalar (APH) para o intra-hospitalar após uso do TXA. Conclusão: observou-se no presente estudo que o uso do TXA associado a outras medidas de controle de hemorragia mostrou-se eficaz para melhora da condição hemodinâmica dos pacientes. A reposição volêmica dos pacientes ainda no período pré-hospitalar e demais medidas para contenção de hemorragia mostraram-se efetiva para reanimação em graus severos de choque. A administração do TXA no APH ocorreu na 1ª hora do atendimento com dosagem de 1g com melhora nos dos parâmetros clínicos.(AU)
Objetivo: analizar el uso del ácido tranexámico (TXA) en el servicio público aéreo prehospitalario en el Distrito Federal. Método: estudio descriptivo con diseño transversal y enfoque cuantitativo. El estudio abarca el análisis documental de datos secundarios de las historias clínicas electrónicas y planillas de asistencia del Servicio Aeromédico (SA) del Distrito Federal (DF). Resultados: Hubo una reducción en el grado de shock y mejoría en los parámetros hemodinámicos desde el momento Pre-Hospitalario (HAP) hasta el intrahospitalario después de utilizar ATX. Conclusión: se observó en el presente estudio que el uso de ATX asociado a otras medidas de control de la hemorragia demostró ser eficaz en la mejoría del estado hemodinámico de los pacientes. La reanimación volémica de pacientes en el período prehospitalario y otras medidas para contener el sangrado demostraron ser efectivas para la reanimación en grados severos de shock. La administración de TXA en el HAP se produjo en la 1ª hora de atención con dosis de 1g, con mejoría de los parámetros clínicos.(AU)
Subject(s)
Shock, Hemorrhagic , Tranexamic Acid , Emergency Medical ServicesABSTRACT
Objetivo:analisar o uso do ácido tranexâmico (TXA) no serviço pré-hospitalar aéreo público do Distrito Federal. Método: estudo descritivo com delineamento transversal e abordagem. O estudo engloba a análise documental de dados secundários provenientes dos prontuários eletrônicos e fichas de atendimento do Serviço Aeromédico (SA) do Distrito Federal (DF). Resultados: O correu redução no grau de choque e melhora dos parâmetros hemodinâmicos do momento Pré-Hospitalar (APH) para o intra-hospitalar após uso do TXA. Conclusão: observou-se no presente estudo que o uso do TXA associado a outras medidas de controle de hemorragia mostrou-se eficaz para melhora da condição hemodinâmica dos pacientes. A reposição volêmica dos pacientes ainda no período pré-hospitalar e demais medidas para contenção de hemorragia mostraram-se efetiva para reanimação em graus severos de choque. A administração do TXA no APH ocorreu na 1ª hora do atendimento com dosagem de 1g com melhora nos dos parâmetros clínicos.(AU)
Objective: to analyze the use of tranexamic acid (TXA) in the pre-hospital public air service in the Federal District. Method: descriptive study with cross-sectional design and quantitative approach. The study encompasses the documentary analysis of secondary data from the electronic medical records and attendance sheets of the Aeromedical Service (SA) of the Federal District (DF). Results: There was a reduction in the degree of shock and improvement in hemodynamic parameters from the Pre-Hospital (APH) to the in-hospital moment after using TXA. Conclusion: it was observed in the present study that the use of TXA associated with other hemorrhage control measures proved to be effective in improving the hemodynamic condition of patients. Volemic resuscitation of patients in the pre-hospital period and other measures to contain bleeding proved to be effective for resuscitation in severe degrees of shock. The administration of TXA in the APH occurred in the 1st hour of care with a dosage of 1g, with improvement in the clinical parameters.(AU)
Objetivo: analizar el uso del ácido tranexámico (TXA) en el servicio público aéreo prehospitalario en el Distrito Federal. Método: estudio descriptivo con diseño transversal y enfoque cuantitativo. El estudio abarca el análisis documental de datos secundarios de las historias clínicas electrónicas y planillas de asistencia del Servicio Aeromédico (SA) del Distrito Federal (DF). Resultados: Hubo una reducción en el grado de shock y mejoría en los parámetros hemodinámicos desde el momento Pre-Hospitalario (HAP) hasta el intrahospitalario después de utilizar ATX. Conclusión: se observó en el presente estudio que el uso de ATX asociado a otras medidas de control de la hemorragia demostró ser eficaz en la mejoría del estado hemodinámico de los pacientes. La reanimación volémica de pacientes en el período prehospitalario y otras medidas para contener el sangrado demostraron ser efectivas para la reanimación en grados severos de shock. La administración de TXA en el HAP se produjo en la 1a hora de atención con dosis de 1g, con mejoría de los parámetros clínicos(AU)
Subject(s)
Shock, Hemorrhagic , Tranexamic Acid , Emergency Medical ServicesABSTRACT
Objective To evaluate the effectiveness,safety and operability of different types of pre-hospital topical hemostatic dressings given the limited clinical evidence of pre-hospital topical hemostatic dressings so as to provide reference for the subsequent establishment of a comprehensive index system.Methods A systematic review method was used to sift through and summarize the evaluation indexes of zeolite,kaolin and chitosan.Results Fifteen studies were included,only one of which was randomized controlled trial(RCT)study,and the rest were descriptive studies,involving military and civilian subjects.All the three types of hemostatic dressings in the included studies had good haemostatic effects,but the amount of data was too limited to compare the haemostatic effects between different types.Except for zeolite wounds that were likely to be burned by exothermic heat,the other types caused few adverse reactions but with unclear operability.There was no data on stability and economy in the selected literature.Conclusion Considering the ideal hemostatic agent and the standard requirements of Chinese expert consensus,it is recommended that the indicators in follow-up studies include efficacy,safety,operability,stability and economy,and that preclinical animal studies be included to supplement related indicators.
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Objective:To study characteristics of changes in the demand for emergency medical services during epidemic prevention and control "10 new measures" in Zhejiang province.Methods:The data of 26 emergency centers connected to the provincial integration platform of Zhejiang Province (hereinafter referred to as "provincial platform" ) were retrospectively analyzed, and the data were collected from one week before the implementation of "10 new measures" to the sixth week after implementation (December 1, 2022 to January 18, 2023). The collected information included: the number of 120 calls and ambulance services, the types of disease, age composition of patients, performance of emergency medical services.Results:From the second week of the implementation of "10 new measures" (December 15 to 21, 2022), the number of 120 calls and ambulance services were increased rapidly, and the peak occurred in the third week of implementation (December 21 to 28, 2022). Among the types of diseases, the number and proportion of patients with abnormal symptoms and respiratory diseases increased significantly, reaching the highest peak in the third week (December 21 to 28, 2022) and the fourth week (December 29, 2022 to January 4, 2023) of implementation, respectively. After the second week of implementation, the number of elderly patients aged 71 to 100 increased significantly, reaching a peak in the fourth week (December 29, 2022 to January 4, 2023), accounting for 60.76% of the total. During the epidemic period, the quality control indicators such as emergency dispatch time, ambulance dispatch time and medical treatment all fluctuated, but the changes were not significant.Conclusions:During the implementation of epidemic prevention and control "10 new measures", there were obvious characteristic changes in the demand for pre-hospital emergency in Zhejiang Province, but the quality of pre-hospital emergency medical was basically stable.
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Objective:To optimize the dispatch of pre-hospital emergency resources and address the assessment challenge of ambulance demand, a pre-hospital emergency demand prediction model based on multi-model fusion was constructed.Methods:The retrospective study design method was adopted, and historical pre-hospital emergency dispatch records and corresponding weather data were extracted. Three types of primary learners were trained by 5-fold cross-validation, and the training results of the primary learners were fused by Stacking. The fusion results were input into the secondary learner as new features, and the final prediction results of ambulance demand were obtained by the secondary learner.Results:By comparison experiments, results showed that the multi-model fusion prediction model based on Stacking was superior to the single model in both mean absolute error and root mean square error, indicating that the model could predict ambulance demand more accurately.Conclusion:The pre-hospital emergency demand prediction model based on multi-model fusion could improve the accuracy and generalization ability of ambulance demand prediction by using historical emergency data and weather data, and provide strong support for the optimization of pre-hospital emergency resources.
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Objective:To design a large-scale mobile emergency resuscitation unit based on 5G communication technology to improve the efficiency of prehospital transportation and treatment.Methods:The study was conducted in Hangzhou from November 2022 to September 2023. It's sorted out the application scenario requirements for prehospital first aid, transfer, and prehospital-intrahospital emergency linkage in carrying out the program design, single technology testing, onboard debugging, and integration debugging phases sequentially.Results:In September 2023, a large-scale 5G mobile emergency resuscitation unit was completed and delivered. The unit was converted from an electric bus and consists of five parts: (1) Vehicle appearance: the vehicle is 12.9 meters long, 2.3 meters wide and 2.6 meters high, with a single mileage of 200 kilometers; (2) The overall internal structure: the vehicle has one resuscitation bed and two stretcher positions. Additionally, there is a comprehensive operating table located at the front of the vehicle. The middle of the vehicle is equipped with a central digital control screen. (3) First aid materials and instruments: the vehicle's materials are modularly configured in accordance with the resuscitation, guardianship, surgery, inspection and testing, Communication modular configuration, equipped with a defibrillation monitor, transfer ventilator, extracorporeal membrane lung oxygenation and other critical care first aid and electrocardiogram, digital radiography, blood gas analyzer, chest pain 5 monitors and other inspection and testing equipment; (4) Vehicle communication and information systems: equipped with high-definition remote video interactive system, telemedicine terminal DP300 integrated system, a real-time panoramic experience system and centralized guardianship system; (5) Vehicle disinfection: a plasma disinfector installed on the top of the car can meet the hospital disinfection hygiene standardsⅡ class environmental management requirements.Conclusions:Incorporating 5G communication technology, the large-scale mobile emergency resuscitation unit is equipped with various advanced treatment equipment and remote consultation systems. It can accommodate the resuscitation needs of the most critically ill patients, offering substantial support for public emergency rescues. Further exploration of its potential is merited.
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Objective To understand students'satisfaction with the"order-type"training of pre-hospital first aid professionals and their professional identification,and provide countermeasures and suggestions for further improving the training system of pre-hospital first aid professionals.Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted among the students of pre-hospital first-aid major in Shanghai Health Medical College.Results Among the respondents,91(93.8%)were men,78(80.4%)were three-yearjunior college students,and 77(79.4%)were in the same dis-trict as the registered residence location.The awareness of the"order based"talent training policy for pre hospital emergency care is good(69.1%),and the evaluation of talent training is good(83.5%).The student satisfaction evaluation is relatively high,and the average score of each item is greater than 4 points;having a good willingness to work at the emergency center after graduation.Conclusion The practice of"order type"training of former emer-gency doctors is good.It can further adheres to the"order-type"training mode,promotes the two-level"or-der-type"talent training.
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Objective:To analyze the risk factors of medical damage liability in the ambulance management in China, and provide reference for strengthening such management and improving the pre-hospital emergency system.Methods:The judgment documents released by China Judgment Online from 2013 to 2022 regarding damages incurred by improper ambulance management, were used as the sample. Based on the setting of such elements as software, hardware, environment, and liveware in the SHEL model, the text analysis method was applied to encode the text content at three levels according to " main category-sub category-risk behavior" by means of NVivo 12.0 software.Results:A total of 136 valid sample documents were included, finalizing such four main categories as software, hardware, environment, and liveware. Also finalized were 11 subcategories and 30 risk behaviors. The subcategories included the professional awareness and ability of pre-hospital emergency managers, the professional awareness of medical staff, the professional quality and ability of medical staff, as well as vehicle equipment among others. A total of 187 reference points were identified for coding risk behaviors. Risk behaviors with higher reference points included failure of pre-hospital emergency managers to dispatch vehicles (45), incomplete, malfunctioning, or no backup equipment in vehicles (20), failure of medical staff to take treatment measures in vehicles (18), failure to dispatch accompanying medical staff or stretchers (14), and insufficient medication (14), and fall of patients or medical equipment incurred by sudden braking of the drivers (6) among others.Conclusions:Insufficient ambulance equipment, shortage of human resources in the emergency system, inadequate equipment and medication in emergency vehicles, and safety issues for drivers are risk factors in the management of ambulances in China. It is recommended to expand the first aid talent team and enhance first aid capabilities; Reasonably deploy ambulance vehicles and improve the emergency networks; Develop a list of pharmaceutical equipment and establish an early warning mechanism; Strengthen the multi-party coordination, improve the efficiency of referral, further reduce the probability of risk, ensure the quality of emergency treatment, and enhance the effectiveness of pre-hospital emergency treatment.
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Objetivo: identificar na literatura o conhecimento produzido acerca de protocolos de atendimentos as Urgências Psiquiátricas no atendimento pré-hospitalar. Método: Estudo de revisão integrativa realizada entre os meses de fevereiro e abril de 2023 nas seguintes base de dados : Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde; Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online; Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature ; EMBASE; Web of Science e US National Library of Medicine e pelos sites das secretarias de Estado da Saúde de todos os estados brasileiros, utilizando combinações com os seguintes Descritores em Ciência da Saúde: Assistência Pré-hospitalar ; Protocolos; Serviços de Emergência Psiquiátrica, combinados por meio do operador booleano "AND" em seis bases de dados, visando responder à seguinte questão: "Quais as publicações relacionadas aos protocolos de atendimentos as Urgências Psiquiátricas no atendimento pré-hospitalar?". Resultados: Foram construídos cinco protocolos que contemplam os seguintes procedimentos: atendimento as urgências psiquiátricas, agitação e situação de violência, contenção física, comportamento suicida e urgências envolvendo substancias psicoativas. Conclusão: acredita-se que a construção do procedimento operacional padrão possa ser utilizado como um recurso fundamental para que as equipes de atendimento pré-hospitalar consigam planejar e executar suas atividades com segurança.
Objective: to identify in the literature the knowledge produced about protocols for Psychiatric Urgencies in pre-hospital care. Method: Integrative review study carried out between February and April 2023 in the following databases: Latin American and Caribbean Literature in Health Sciences; Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online; Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature; BASE; Web of Science and US National Library of Medicine and the websites of the State Health Departments of all Brazilian states, using combinations with the following Health Science Descriptors: Prehospital Care ; Protocols; Psychiatric Emergency Services, combined through the Boolean operator "AND" in six databases, aiming to answer the following question: "What are the publications related to the protocols of Psychiatric Urgencies in pre-hospital care?". Results: Five protocols were created, covering the following procedures: attendance to psychiatric emergencies, agitation and violent situations, physical restraint, suicidal behavior and emergencies involving psychoactive substances. Conclusion: it is believed that the construction of the standard operating procedure can be used as a fundamental resource for pre-hospital care teams to be able to plan and carry out their activities safely.
Propósito: identificar en la literatura el conocimiento producido sobre los protocolos de tratamiento a las Urgencias Psiquiátricas en atención prehospitalaria. Método: Estudio de revisión integrada realizado entre febrero y abril de 2023 en las siguientes bases de datos: Literatura Latinoamericana y Caribeña en Ciencias de la Salud; Sistema de Análisis y Recuperación de Literatura Médica en Línea; Índice Acumulativo de Literatura de Enfermería y Salud Aliada; EMBASE; Web of Science y Biblioteca Nacional de Medicina de los Estados Unidos y los sitios web de las Secretarías de Estado de Salud de todos los estados brasileños, utilizando combinaciones con los siguientes descriptores de Ciencias Médicas: Asistencia hospitalaria; Protocolos; Servicios de emergencia psiquiátrica, combinados por el operador booleano "AND" en seis bases de datos, con el objetivo de responder a la siguiente pregunta: "¿Qué publicaciones se relacionan con los protocolos de atención a emergencias psiquiátricas en atención prehospitalaria?". Resultados: Se construyeron cinco protocolos que cubren los siguientes procedimientos: atención a emergencias psiquiátricas, agitación y situación de violencia, confinamiento físico, comportamiento suicida y emergencias con sustancias psicoactivas. Conclusión: Se considera que la construcción del procedimiento operativo estándar puede utilizarse como recurso fundamental para que los equipos de atención prehospitalaria puedan planificar y llevar a cabo sus actividades de forma segura.