ABSTRACT
La confrontación armada vivida en el Oriente Antioqueño, provocó una serie de transformaciones en los modos de vida y las relaciones sociales de sus pobladores, quienes, pese al desplazamiento, deciden retornar a sus territorios por iniciativa propia con o sin ayuda del Estado, para reconstruir su proyecto de vida. Es así como los campesinos retornan a sus tierras movidos por las precariedades económicas que viven en el lugar al que llegaron desplazados, pero también por fuertes sentimientos de apego al lugar y al entono que habitaban. Un concepto que enmarca estos sentimientos de apego es el de topofilia, que comprende los vínculos afectivos del ser humano con su entorno. No obstante, hombres y mujeres dan sentido a su entorno de maneras diferentes, le dan significados distintos dependiendo de los roles que asumen en la sociedad y según los marcados roles de género que influyen en las maneras de percibir el entorno, el apegarse a él, además de las implicaciones que tienen dichos roles en la construcción social del territorio.
The armed confrontation experienced in the Eastern Region of Antioquia (Colombia), provoked a series of transformations in the lifestyles and the social relations of their inhabitants, who despite the act of displacement, decide to retake their territories, on their own initiative, with or without the assistance of the State, to rebuild their project of life. This is how the country people return to their lands moved by the economic precariousness, which they experience in the place where they live as displaced people, but also as a result of strong feelings of attachment to the place and the environment that they used to inhabit. A concept, which frames these feelings of attachment is that of Topophilia, which comprises the affective links of the human being with his environment. Nevertheless, men and women make sense of their environment differently. They give it different meanings depending on the roles that they play in society and according to the marked roles of gender, which influence on the manners that they use to perceive the environment, their attachment to it, as well as the implications that those roles have on the social construction of the territory.
ABSTRACT
Esta pesquisa tem por objetivo a análise dos significados do envelhecimento e aposentadoria configurados por Policiais Rodoviários em fase de aposentadoria. Participaram deste estudo 13 policiais, com faixa etária entre 40 e 69 anos de idade. Foram aplicados questionários sociodemográficos e entrevistas semiestruturadas. Utilizou-se a análise de conteúdo temática com auxílio do sistema ALCESTE de análise de dados textuais, tendo-se como referência conceitual a configuração psico-sócio-histórica do ser humano e sociedade. Resultados: os significados do envelhecimento e aposentadoria configuraram-se entre exclusão e adoecimento, com 30,5% das UCEs (Unidades de Contextos Elementares), e liberdade e projeto de vida, com 69,43% das UCEs. Concluiu-se que os policiais rodoviários elaboram significados objetivados na necessidade de um olhar mais voltado para o momento da aposentadoria, acreditam na sua participação ativa nesse processo, criando novos projetos de vida em busca da felicidade.
This research has as objective the analysis of the meaning of aging and retirement configured by Highway Policemen in retirement phase. Thirteen policemen, between 40 and 69 years old, took part of this study. It was applied socio-demographic questionnaires and semi-structures interviews. It was used the thematic content analysis, with the support of the ALCESTE system of textual data analysis, taking as conceptual reference the psycho-socio-historical configuration of the human being and the society. Results: the meanings of aging and retirement configure themselves between disease and exclusion with 30,5% of the ECU's (Elementary Contextual Units) and freedom and project of life with 69,43% of the ECU's. It was concluded that the highway policemen elaborate meanings objectified in the need of a more involved look to the time the retirement, they believe in their active participation in this process, creating new projects of life in the pursuit of happiness.