Effects of miR-130b-5p targeting E26 transformation specific-1 on proliferation,migration and invasion of prostatic cancer cells and its mechanism / 中国生物制品学杂志

@#Objective To investigate the effects of miR-130b-5p targeting E26 transformation specific-1(ETS1)on proliferation,migration and invasion of prostatic cancer(PCa)cells and its mechanism. Methods The mRNA transcription level of miR-130b-5p gene in PCa tissues,adjacent tissues,(LNCap,PC-3,DU-145)and normal prostate cells(RPWE-1)PCa cells was measured by qRT-PCR,and the expression of ETS1 protein in PCa cells was detected by Western blot. Bioinformatics,fluorescein experiment,qRT-PCR and Western blot were used to predict and verify the targeting relationship between miR-130b-5p and ETS1. PC-3 cells were divided into control group(without any treatment),mimic group(transfected with miR-130b-5p mimic)and mimic + ETS1 group(transfected with miR-130b-5p mimic + pcDNA-ETS1). The cells were detected for the proliferation and viability by clone formation assay and CCK-8 respectively,measured for the migration and invasion by scratch test and Transwell chamber assay,and detected for the expression of invasion-related proteins and PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway-related proteins by Western blot. Results The transcription level of miR-130b-5p mRNA in PCa tissues was significantly lower than that in adjacent tissues(t = 12. 450,P < 0. 001);Compared with RPWE-1 cells,the transcription level of miR-130b-5p mRNA in LNCap,PC-3 and DU-145 cells decreased significantly(t = 4. 463,7. 103 and 5. 741,P = 0. 001 2,< 0. 001 and < 0. 001,respectively),while the expression level of ETS1protein increased significantly(t = 4. 850,9. 325 and 7. 723,P = 0. 008,< 0. 001 and = 0. 002,respectively). miR-130-5p targeted and negatively regulated the expression of ETS1. Compared with the control group,the cloning rate,viability and scratch healing rate of cells in mimic group decreased significantly(t = 11. 370,10. 640 and 15. 660,respectively,each P < 0. 001),the number of invasive cells decreased significantly(t = 10. 160,P < 0. 001),the expression levels of matrix metalloproteinase-2(MMP-2),MMP-9 and vimentin decreased significantly(t = 15. 120,9. 992 and 12. 600,P < 0. 001,< 0. 001 and = 0. 002,respectively),while the expression level of E-cadherin increased significantly(t = 6. 928,P < 0. 001),and the phosphorylation levels of phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase(PI3K),protein kinase B(AKT)and mammalian target of rapamycin(mTOR)decreased significantly(t = 7. 746,8. 041 and 11. 510,P = 0. 002,0. 002,and < 0. 001,respectively);Compared with mimic group,the cell cloning rate,viability,scratch healing rate significantly increased in mimic + ETS1 group(t = 6. 988,6. 642 and 6. 660,respectively,each P < 0. 001),the number of invasive cells significantly increased(t = 4. 082,P = 0. 002),the expression levels of MMP-2,MMP-9 and vimentin proteins were significantly up-regulated(t = 10. 410,6. 754 and 8. 521,P = 0. 002,0. 003 and 0. 002,respectively),however,the expression level of E-cadherin was significantly down-regulated(t = 4. 648,P < 0. 01),and the phosphorylation levels of PI3K,AKT and mTOR were significantly up-regulated(t = 4. 850,4. 323 and 10. 840,P = 0. 008,0. 008 and < 0. 001,respectively)Conclusion miR-130b-5p targets ETS1 to inhibit the proliferation,migration and invasion of PC-3 cells,which may be through the regulation of PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway.

Research advances in correlation between chronic periodontitis and prostatic diseases / 口腔医学

@#In recent years, more and more attention has been paid to the correlation between periodontitis and prostatic diseases. Aging, obesity, smoking and psychological factors are common risk factors of these two diseases, but the key correlation mechanism is not clear. This article reviews the research on and possible biological mechanism of chronic periodontitis and prostatic diseases, in order to provide basis for disease management and clinical research in the future.

La intensidad de la captación intraprostática del PSMA como predictor de cáncer de próstata clínicamente significativo / The intensity of PSMA intraprostatic uptake as a predictor of clinically significant prostate cancer

Resumen Introducción: La tomografía por emisión de positrones (PET) con antígeno de membrana específico de próstata (PSMA) mejora la estadificación del cáncer de próstata. Además, la intensidad de captación intraprostática del PSMA puede predecir resultados oncológicos clínicamente relevantes. Nuestro objetivo fue evaluar si la intensidad de captación de PSMA se asocia con el cáncer de próstata clínicamente significativo y poder conocer qué valor de captación de PSMA discrimina mejor esta relación. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio de cohorte de 40 pacientes con cáncer de próstata comprobado por biopsia previo a la realización de radioterapia externa. Se evaluó correlación entre intensidad de captación del PSMA intraprostático y los resulta dos patológicos adversos en la biopsia prostática. Se estudió qué valor de captación de PSMA discrimina mejor el cáncer de próstata clínicamente significativo utilizando curvas ROC. Resultados: El 40% de los pacientes tuvieron un cáncer de próstata clínicamente significativo, el maximum standardized uptake value (SUV max) tuvo una media de 11.5 (DE ± 7). La muestra arrojó un coeficiente de correlación Spearman de 0.4 (p = 0.007). El área bajo la curva (AUC) fue de 0.73, mostrando el punto de corte un SUV max ≥ 9.5, sensibilidad 0.81 y especificidad 0.71 en la detección de cáncer de próstata clínicamente significativo. Conclusión: la intensidad de captación del PSMA intraprostático puede ser una nueva herramienta diagnóstica en la detección del cáncer de próstata clínicamente significativo. Una intensidad de captación ≥ 9.5 tuvo una buena correlación con el cáncer de próstata clínicamente significativo.

Abstract Introduction: Positron emission tomography (PET) with prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) improves prostate cancer staging. Furthermore, the intensity of intraprostatic uptake of PSMA can predict clinically relevant oncologic outcomes. The objective of this study is to evaluate whether the intensity of PSMA uptake is associated with clinically significant prostate cancer and to determine which value of PSMA uptake best dis criminates this relationship. Methods: A cohort study of 40 patients with biopsy-proven prostate cancer prior to external radiotherapy was conducted. The correlation between intraprostatic PSMA uptake intensity and adverse pathological findings in prostate biopsy was evaluated. Which PSMA uptake value better discriminates clinically significant prostate cancer was assessed using ROC curves. Results: Forty percent of the patients had a clinically significant prostate cancer and the maximum standardized uptake value (SUV max) had a mean of 11.5 (SD ± 7). The sample showed a Spearman correlation coefficient of 0.4 (p = 0.007). The area under the curve (AUC) was 0.73 and a SUV max ≥ 9.5 showed a sensitivity of 0.81 and a specificity of 0.71 in the detection of clinically significant prostate cancer. Conclusion: Intraprostatic PSMA uptake intensity can be a new diagnostic tool in the detection of clinically significant prostate cancer. An uptake intensity equal or greater than 9.5 is correlated with clinically significant prostate cancer.

New perspectives in modified Gleason’s grading for prostatic cancer and its comparison with original Gleason’s

Background: The Gleason score is the most widely accepted histopathological grading system for prostate cancer since decade despite having many deficiency that can potentially impact patient health care. So ISUP agreed on developing a system of prognostic grade groups from I-V. Aim and objective was to study the new perspectives of modified Gleason’s grading and to compare it with original Gleason’s System with focus on the prognostic significance of the modifications.Methods: A retrospective study of 60 patients, who underwent TURP and Sextant biopsy and diagnosed as prostatic carcinoma in our institute were included in this study. Laboratory requisition forms with clinical history, PSA levels and histopathology reports of these patients were reviewed and graded accordingly to the newer gleasons. New Gleason grade includes five distinct Grade Groups based on the modified Gleason score groups. Grade Group 1 = Gleason score ≤6, Grade Group 2 = Gleason score 3 + 4 = 7, Grade Group 3 = Gleason score 4 + 3 = 7, Grade Group 4 = Gleason score 8, Grade Group 5 = Gleason scores 9 and 10 were assigned. The change in the grading system is tabulated and compared separately.Results: Patients age ranged from 55-80 years. The number of cases were 3,12,15,19 and 11 categorized under grade group I, grade group II, grade group III, grade group IV, grade group V cancer respectively according to modified gleason grading.Conclusions: Modified Gleason is a simplified grading system which may reduce over treatment of indolent prostate cancer. New gleasons grading clarifies the clinicians about the dilemma of gleason scores, offering an excellent prognostic stratification of this carcinoma.

The clinical application of DWI signal intensity at different b values and ADC value in diagnosis of prostatic cancer / 实用放射学杂志

Objective To explore the value of DWI and ADC in differential diagnosis of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH)and prostatic cancer(PCa).Methods The data of 43 patients with BPH or PCa proven by histopathology were retrospectively reviewed. There were 21 patients with PCa and 22 patients with BPH.All of the patients were examined by DWI at 1.5T MRI.On the DWI,signal intensities in ROI were measured at the b value of 800 s/mm2 and 1 600 s/mm2 ,respectively.On the ADC map,ADC values in ROI were measured.The differences of the ADC values and the signal intensities of DWI were compared between the benign BPH and the PCa by using independent sample tGtest.Diagnostic efficiency of the signal intensity and the ADC value for PCa were analyzed by using ROC curve.Results There were statistically significant differences of the ADC values and the signal intensities of DWI at the b value of 800 s/mm2 and 1 600 s/mm2 between the BPH and the PCa (P＜0.05).The ADC at the b value of 1 600 s/mm2 had the highest diagnostic efficiency,the DWI at the b value of 1 600 s/mm2 took a second place,and the DWI at the b value of 800 s/mm2 was worst.Conclusion DWI and ADC are helpful for the diagnosis of PCa,and ADC at b value of 600 s/mm2 has the highest diagnostic efficiency.

Study on serum Let-7b in patients with prostate cancer / 中国医师进修杂志

Objective To investigate the significance of serum Let-7b in prostate cancer (PCa). Methods From July 2015 to September 2016, 72 patients with PCa (PCa group) and 34 healthy people (control group) were selected. The Let- 7b was detected by Western blot and fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and the Let-7b was compared between 2 groups. Results The Let-7b in PCa group was significantly lower than that of control group (0.81 ±0.38 vs.1.31 ±0.34), and there was statistical difference (P<0.01). In PCa group, the Let- 7b in patients with TNM T3 and T4 stage was significantly lower than that in patients with TNM T1 and T2 stage (0.74 ± 0.39 vs. 0.88 ± 0.38), and there was statistical difference (P<0.05); the Let-7b in patients with hormone dependence was significantly higher than that in patients with hormone resistance (1.03 ± 0.40 vs. 0.64 ± 0.27), and there was statistical difference (P<0.05). Receiver operating characteristics curve analysis result showed that Let-7b sensitivity and specificity were 72.2％ and 88.2％ in the diagnosis of PCa. Conclusions Let-7b can indicate the degree of malignancy of the tumor and the hormone resistance. For patients with the high risk of early diagnosis of refractory PCa, the patients′ individualized treatment plan could be adjusted.

Diagnostic Performance of %-2proPSA and Prostate Health Index for Prostate Cancer: Prospective, Multi-institutional Study

BACKGROUND: We evaluated the clinical performance of [-2]proPSA (p2PSA) and its derivatives in predicting the presence and aggressiveness of prostate cancer (PCa) in Korean men. METHODS: A total of 246 men with total prostate-specific antigen (tPSA) ≥ 3.5 ng/mL who underwent their first prostate biopsy were included in this prospective, multicenter, observational study. Diagnostic accuracy of tPSA, free-to-total PSA ratio (%fPSA), p2PSA, %p2PSA, and the Beckman Coulter prostate health index (PHI) was assessed by receiver operating characteristic curve analyses and logistic regression analyses. RESULTS: Overall, PCa was detected in 125 (50.8%) subjects. In men with tPSA 3.5–10 ng/mL, the detection rate of PCa was 39.4% (61/155). In this group, PHI and %p2PSA were the most accurate predictors of PCa and significantly outperformed tPSA and %fPSA; area under the curve for tPSA, %fPSA, %p2PSA, and PHI was 0.56, 0.69, 0.74, and 0.76, respectively. PHI was also the strongest predictor of PCa with Gleason score ≥ 7. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrates the superior clinical performance of %p2PSA and PHI in predicting the presence and aggressiveness of PCa in Korean men. The %p2PSA and PHI appear to improve detection of PCa and provide prognostic information.

A comparative study between Retzius-sparing robot-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy and conventional robot-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy / 中华泌尿外科杂志

Objective To compare the postoperative outcomes and early continence rate between conventional robot-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy (RARP) and Retzius-sparing robot-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy (RSRARP).Methods The date from 50 patients who underwent RSRARP and 122 patients who underwent conventional RARP between 2016 September to 2017 included study.Ninety-two patients (forty-six patients in RARP group and forty-six patients in RSRARP group) were collected by propensity-score matching which were performed using eight preoperative variables.Preoperative data of patients in RSRARP group [patients age (67.1 ± 5.7) years,BMI (24.6 ± 2.7) kg/m2,tPSA 10.7 ng/ml (0-40.7 ng/ml),Gleason score 7 points (6-9 points),prostate volume 31.9 ml (10.0-95.4 ml),ECOG score 0 points (0-1 points),urinary domain of EPIC 94.8 points (63.9-100 points),clinical stage from T1cN0 M0 to T3a N0 M0] and conventional RARP group [patients age (67.2 ± 6.7) years,BMI (25.2 ± 3.1) kg/m2,tPSA 10.7 ng/ml (0-40.7 ng/ml),Gleason score 7 points (6-9 points),prostate volume 36.8 ml (8.9-81.0 ml),ECOG score 0 points (0-1 points),urinary domain of EPIC 95.8 points (63.9-100.0 points),clinical stage from T1c N0Mo to T3a N0M0] had no significant differences.We reviewed console time,estimated blood loss,the rate of leakage,complications,average daily drainage,pathological result,continence,urinary domain of EPIC one month,two months and three months after operation.Results All 92 cases were successfully performed robotically.Mean operation time was significantly more in RARP group than in RSRARP group [(223.9 ±48.9) min vs.(198.91 ±34.2)min,P ＜ 0.05)].There was no significant difference between the postoperative data of patients in RSRARP group [estimated blood loss 200 ml (50-1 200 ml),average daily drainage 82.5 ml (11.7-571.0 ml),the rate of leakage 6％,Clavien-Dindo grade Ⅰ (9％),Clavien-Dindo grade Ⅱ (4％),pathological stage pT1 (2％),pT2 (52％),pT3 (46％)] and RARP group [estimated blood loss 200 ml (100-1 200 ml),average daily drainage 102.9 ml (23.3-534.7 ml),the rate of leakage 4％,Clavien-Dindo grade Ⅰ (9％),Clavien-Dindo grade Ⅱ (2％),pathological stage pT1 (0),pT2 (46％),pT3 (54％)] (P ＞ 0.05).Early continence rate one week and one month after surgery was significantly higher in RSRARP group than in RARP group (78％ vs.35％,91％ vs.79％,P＜0.05).Urinary domain of EPIC one month and two months after surgery was significantly more in RSRARP group than in RARP group [(91.4±8.3) vs.(84.6±10.9),(95.0±7.5) vs.(91.6±7.8),P＜0.05].There was no significant difference in the rate of positive surgical margin between RSRARP group and RARP group (22％ vs.17％,P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions RSRARP were time-saving,safe and effective for the surgical treatment of localized prostate cancer.It seemed to yield a better outcome regarding early return to urinary continence postoperatively.

Pelvic symptoms after radiotherapy in prostate cancer: a cross-sectional study / Sintomas pélvicos após radioterapia para o câncer de próstata: um estudo transversal

Abstract Introduction: Despite the technical and scientific progress that improved therapeutic resources available in Oncology, adverse effects of treatment can be prominent, impacting the quality of life (QoL). Objective: This research aims to determine the prevalence of post-radiotherapy pelvic symptoms in prostate cancer (PC) and its impact on QoL. Methods: We assessed three groups of patients at different stages during radiotherapy (RT): Pre-RT, evaluated before of RT; Post-RT#1, evaluated between six months and one year post-RT; Post-RT#2, evaluated between two and a half and four years post-RT. The presence of urinary incontinence (UI), its characteristics and impact on daily living activities (DLA) were evaluated by ICIQ-SF questionnaire. WHOQOL-BREF questionnaire was used to assess QoL. Student t test was used, considering significant p < 0.05. Results: Thirty-three men were assessed (pre-RT, n = 12; Post-RT#1, n = 10; Post-RT#2, n = 11). The prevalence of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) was highest in Post-RT#1 group. Post-RT#2 group had the highest prevalence of post-RT UI. In QoL, Pre-RT and Post-RT#2 groups experiencing the greatest impact on physical, environmental and overall QoL. Conclusion: Acute effect of RT is characterized by a high prevalence of LUTS. Post-RT#2 group experienced the most adverse effects on DLA due to a higher prevalence of post-RT UI.

Resumo Introdução: Apesar do progresso técnico e científico que melhorou recursos terapêuticos disponíveis na Oncologia, efeitos adversos do tratamento podem ser proeminentes, impactando a qualidade de vida (QoL). Objetivo: Esta pesquisa tem como objetivo determinar a prevalência de sintomas pélvicos pós-radioterapia no câncer de próstata (CaP) e seu impacto na QoL. Métodos: Avaliou-se três grupos de pacientes com CaP em diferentes estágios da radioterapia (RT): (1) Pré-RT, avaliados antes da RT; (2) Pós-RT #1, avaliados entre seis meses e um ano pós-RT; (3) Pós-RT #2, avaliados entre dois anos e meio e quatro anos pós-RT. A presença de incontinência urinária (IU), suas características e o impacto sobre as atividades da vida diária (AVD) foram avaliados através do questionário ICIQ-SF. O questionário WHOQOL-BREF foi utilizado para avaliar a QoL. O teste t de Student foi utilizado para análise estatística, considerando significativo p < 0,05. Resultados: Trinta e três homens foram avaliados (pré-RT, n = 12; Pós-RT #1, n = 10; Pós-RT #2, n = 11). A prevalência de sintomas do trato urinário inferior (STUI) foi maior no grupo Pós-RT #1. O grupo Pós-RT #2 teve a maior prevalência de IU pós RT. Na avaliação da QoL, os grupos Pré-RT e Pós-RT #2 apresentaram maior impacto negativo sobre os índices relacionados aos quesitos físico, ambiental e global. Conclusão: O efeito agudo da RT foi caracterizado por uma elevada prevalência de STUI. O grupo Pós-RT #2 experimentaram maior impacto negativo as AVD, devido a uma maior prevalência de IU pós RT.

Inhibiting effect of DZNep on proliferation of human prostatic cancer PC3 cells by down-regulating EZH2 expression / 实用医学杂志

Objective To study the effects of S-adenosyl-homocysteine hydrolase inhibitor DZNep (3-Dea zaneplanocin A) on human prostatic cancer PC3 cells growth and further explore its potential value in anti-human prostatic cancer treatment.Methods MTT method was used to analyze the effects of EZH2 gene silencing,EZH2 over-expression and DZNep treatment on cell proliferation.Gene expression of EZH2,Bax and Bcl-2 in PC3 cells was detected with western blot.Results DZNep could significantly inhibit PC3 cell growth and induce apoptosis which was identified with Bax expression up-regulation and Bcl-2 expression down-regulation.EZH2 knock-down inhibited PC3 cells growth,and over-expression of EZH2 partially counteract the inhibitory effects of DZNep on PC3 cells growth.Conclusions DZNep can inhibit PC3 cells growth by targeting EZH2 inhibition which leads to endogenous apoptosis.DZNep has the potential value in the treatment of human prostatic cancer.

Effect of modified Tongyou decoction combined with FOLFOX4 chemotherapy on pre-thrombus state of patients with advanced prostatic cancer / 中国生化药物杂志

Objective To analyze the effect of modified Tongyou decoction combined with FOLFOX4 chemotherapy on pre-thrombus state and curative effect of patients with advanced prostatic cancer.Methods 142 patients with advanced prostatic cancer were collected,all patients were randomly divided into study group and control group,71 cases in each group.The control group was given FOLFOX4 chemotherapy and the study group was given modified Tongyou decoction on the baseis of the control group.After treatment,the serum levels of homocysteine(Hcy),D-two dimer(D-D),fibrinogen(FIB),the level of hemorrheology,clinical effect,the incidence of venous thrombosis in one years,the six month survival rate,the one year survival rate were detected in all patients.Resutls After treatment,compared with control group,the serum levels of Hcy,D-D,FIB,the whole blood high,middle and low-shear viscosities,plasma viscosity and the incidence of venous thrombosis in one years were higher in the study group and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05);the erythrocyte deformability index,effective rate and one year survival rate were higher were higher in the study group and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion The modified Tongyou decoction combined with FOLFOX4 chemotherapy in treatment of patients with advanced prostatic cancer can improve the prethrombotic state,improve the therapeutic effect,reduce the incidence of venous thrombosis and increase the one year survival rate,and have a guiding significance for clinic.

Application of BIS and muscle relaxation monitors in robot-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy / 临床麻醉学杂志

Objective To evaluate the effect of bispectral index (BIS) and muscle relaxation monitoring on robot-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy in elderly patients.Methods One hundred elderly patients (aged 65-80 years,ASA Ⅰ or Ⅱ) who underwent robot-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy were randomly allocated into BIS and muscle relaxation monitoring group (group AA,n=50) and control group (group AC,n=50).In group AA,propofol was infused to achieve the BIS value of 45-55,and we monitored the muscle relaxation to conduct closed-loop infusion of cisatracurium.In group AC,we regulated the depth of anesthetic with the patients` vital signs according to anesthetists` experience.Mean arterial pressures (MAP),heart rates (HR),airway platform pressure (Pplat),and airway peak pressure (Ppeak) were recorded at following time points: before anesthesia induction (T0),after anesthesia induction (T1),10 min (T2),60 min (T3) after artificial pneumoperitoneum,and the end of operation (T4).We recorded dosage of propofol,cisatracurium,sufentanil,remifentanil,vasoactive agent,extubation time and PACU stay time.Results At T1,T2 and T4,the MAP and HR in group AC were significantly higher than those in group AA (P<0.05);at T3,MAP in group AC were apparently lower than those in group AA (P<0.05).Compared with T0,MAP and HR in group AC were significantly increased at T1,T2 and T4(P<0.05),MAP in group AC were obviously reduced at T3 (P<0.05),MAP and HR in group AC were also fluctuated obviously at different time points.MAP and HR in group AA at each point had no statistically significant difference.Compared with T1,Pplat and Ppeak in the two groups were significantly increased at T2-T4 (P<0.05).Pplat and Ppeak in grpup AC were higher than those in group AA at T2,T3 (P<0.05).Compared with group AC,the dosages of propofol and cisatracurium were less in group AA.The postoperative extubation time and PACU stay time were shorter in group AA.Conclusion BIS and muscle relaxation monitoring in robot-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy can effectively stablize hemodynamics,reduce airway pressure fluctuation and the dosage of anesthetics.It also shortens the extubation time and the PACU stay time and improves the anesthesia recovery quality.

Anti-tumor effect and its mechanism of co-administration of fusion proteins hVEGF121/βhCG and mGM-CSF/βhCG / 中国药科大学学报

This study aimed at investigating the inhibitory effects and the anti-tumor mechanisms of co-adminis-tration of fusion proteins mGM-CSF/βhCG ( GC ) and hVEGF121/βhCG ( VC ) on RM-1 prostatic cancer and B16 F10 melanoma in the C57 BL/6 J mouse model. Two recombinant stains containing pET-28 a-mGM-CSF-X10-βhCGCTP37 and pET-28 a-VEGF-M2-X10-βhCG-CTP37 were induced by lactose to express fusion proteins. The fusion proteins were separated and purified to prepare the anti-tumor protein vaccines ( VC protein vaccine and GC protein vaccine) , which were then mixed to prepare a combined protein vaccine named VGC protein vac-cine. The prostatic cancer and melanoma tumor-bearing mice C57 BL/6 J were immunized with described vac-cines, then the growth of each tumor was measured;splenocyte proliferation of immunized mice was detected;and the cytotoxic effects of the vaccine on tumor cells were tested. After that, the in vivo concentrations of IFN-γ and anti-hVEGF antibodies were investigated by ELISA. The difference between each experimental group and normal saline group ( NS) was statistically significant in both tumor-bearing mouse models ( P <0. 05) respectively. Besides, VGC group exhibited significantly better anti-tumor effect compared with the GC and VC groups with the anti-tumor rate ( 41. 7 ± 0. 83)% and ( 46. 4 ± 1. 27)% for prostatic cancer and melanoma tumor, respectively. The co-administration of the two proteins, VC and GC, could inhibit the growth of RM-1 prostatic tumor and B16F10 melanoma effectively via anti-tumor immunity and anti-tumor angiogenesis.

The relevance between the serum PSA level and the prostatic cancer biopsy detection rate after tamsulosin treatment of patients with lower urinary tract symptoms and elevated PSA level / 中华内分泌外科杂志

Objective To discuss the relevance between the serum prostate specific antigen (PSA) level and the prostatic cancer biopsy detection rate after tamsulosin treatment for patients with lower urinary tract symptoms and elevated PSA level.Methods 168 patients with lower urinary tract symptoms and elevated PSA level were divided into two groups according to the serum PSA level change after tamsulosin treatment:in the first group,serum PSA level decreased slightly (PSA≥4.0 ng/ml and PSA decrease＜20％);in the second group,serum PSA level decreased obviously (PSA＜4.0 ng/ml or PSA decrease≥20％).Tamsulosin treatment was given in 0.2 mg/d for two months.Prostate gland aspiration biopsy was performed at the end of tamsulosin treatment.Result For the 68 patients of the first group,after tamsulosin treatment,the tPSA level increased from (8.11 ±2.09)ng/ml to (9.05±3.13)ng/ml,in which 38 patients (55.88％,38/68) were confirmed as the prostatic cancer by pathology.For the 100 patients of the second group,after tamsulosin treatment,the tPSA level decreased from(7.80±3.79)ng/ml to (5.19±2.32)ng/ml,in which 6 patients (6％,6/100) was confirmed as the prostatic cancer by pathology.There was significant statistical differences of prostate aspiration biopsy detection rate between the two groups(x2=23.53,P＜0.05).For patients with lower urinary tract symptoms who received tamsulosin treatment,the sensibility of PSA increased to 86.4％,specificity increased to 75.8％,the rate of avoiding aspiration was 55.9％,and the rate of correct diagnosis was 78.5％.Conclusion Tamsulosin treatment can increase the prostatic cancer diagnostic positive rate and decrease the aspiration rate in patients with lower urinary tract symptoms and elevated serum PSA level in a certain extent.

Effects of Tamsulosin on Proliferation and Apoptosis in Prostatic Cancer PC-3 Cells / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE:To explore the effects of tamsulosin on proliferation and apoptosis in prostatic cancer PC-3 cells. METHODS:After treated with 0 (blank control group),12.5,25 and 50 μmol/L tamsulosin (tamsulosin low,medium and high-concentration groups)for 48 h,the viability of PC-3 cells was detected by MTT method. Hoechst 33258 staining was used to detect cell apoptosis rate. Western blot was used to determine the expression level of Bax and Bcl-2 protein,and the phosphoryla-tion level of protein kinase B(Akt),mammalian target rapamycin(mTOR),ribosomal S6 protein kinase(p70S6K)and 4E bind-ing protein 1(4E-BP1). RESULTS:Compared with blank control group,PC-3 cells viability and the phosphorylation level of Akt, p70S6K and 4E-BP1 decreased in tamsulosin low,medium and high-concentration groups,while expression level of Bax protein in-creased (P<0.05 or P<0.01);the apoptosis rate of PC-3 cells was increased in tamsulosin medium and high-concentration groups,while the expression level of Bcl-2 and phosphorylation level of mTOR were decreased(P<0.01),in concentration-depen-dent manner. CONCLUSIONS:Tamsulosin can inhibit PC-3 cells proliferation and induce cell apoptosis via blocking Akt/mTOR signal pathway.

Functional investigation of a new targeting gene delivery system of miRNA-34a nano-complexes into prostate cancer cell lines / 药学实践杂志

Objective To construct a gene delivery carrier with aptamer-polyethylene glycol-dendrimer-polyamidoamine (APT-PEG-PAMAM) ,forming nanoparticles to specifically target prostate cancer cell lines ,carrying prostate cancer cell pro-liferative suppressor microRNA :miRNA-34a .We investigated the transfection efficiency of this gene delivery system as well as functionally studied its inhibitory effect on prostate cancer (PCa) cell proliferation .Methods The construction of APT-PEG-PAMAM gene carrier was identified and confirmed by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) .The nano-complex sizes and zeta potential of APT-PEG-PAMAM gene carrier complexes were measured by zeta sizer .The efficiency of gene transfection of APT-PEG-PAMAM /miRNA nano-complexes were investigated by measuring the expression miRNA-34a in prostate cancer cells (PC3 and LNCaP);the PCa specific cell proliferation inhibition of APT-PEG-PAMAM / miRNA-34a nano-complexes were investigated by measuring CCK-8 cell proliferation inhibition experiments by comparing with APT-PEG-PAMAM and APT-PEG-PAMAM /miRNA-34a nano-complexes .Results NMR results demonstrated that APT-PEG-PAMAM /miRNA-34a nano-complexes were successfully synthesized by structural identification .Qualitative and quantitative transfection efficien-cy experiments data show that the cellular uptake of vectors were concentration-dependent ,after the APT further modified it significantly and increased the LNCaP cell transfection efficiency and specificity of PCa cells targeting ability .CCK8 cell prolif-eration assay data indicated that APT-PEG-PAMAM/miRNA-34a has the anti-PCa cells effect .Conclusion APT-PEG-PAM-AM/miRNA-34a may prove to see its efficacy for near future in pre-clinical and clinical study on the treatment of PCa .

Association between Serum C-Reactive Protein and Benign Prostatic and Patients with Prostatic Cancer Hyperplasia / 现代检验医学杂志

Objective To explore the association between C reactive protein (CRP)with prostatic cancer (PCa)and benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH).Methods Retrospective analysis the 110 patients of the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University In January 2010 to August 2012 whose TPSA>4 ng/ml,postoperative pathology confirmed the diagnosis of 54 cases of prostate cancer,5 6 cases of benign prostatic hyperplasia.Detected serum CRP levels by using transmission turbidim-etry and TPSA levels by using chemiluminescence immunoassay of 54 PCa and 56 BPH patients.According to the Gleason score,PCa patients were divided into high-risk and low-risk PCa two groups,the differences among high-risk PCa,low-risk PCa and BPH groups were analyzed by nonparametric statistics analysis.Results The CRP level of high-risk PCa was 4.20~2.12 mg/L,the CRP level of low-risk PCa was 1.90~0.91 mg/L and the CRP levels in BNP patients was 1.49±0.87 mg/L,the high-risk and low-risk PCa serum CRP level obviously higher than that of patients with BPH,the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05).Conclusion Serum CRP levels of PCa patients were increased significantly,espe-cially in high-risk PCa patients.

Prognostic factors of biochemical relapse in patients with early stage prostate cancer after brachytherapy / 中华泌尿外科杂志

Objective To investigate the prognostic factors of biochemical relapse in patients with early stage prostate cancer after brachytherapy.Methods From December 2003 to December 2007,117 patients (age 51-84 years,median 73 years) with early stage prostate cancer underwent brachytherapy at our hospital.The PSA ranged from 0.4 to 47.6 μg/L (median,14.7 g/L),in which 75 cases with PSA＜ 20.0 μg/L and 42 cases with PSA≥20.0 μg/L.Clinical stage ranged from T1b to T2c.The prostate volume ranged from 13 to 69 ml (average,31 ml),and the percentage of positive biopsy cores was 8％ to 100％ (average,45％),in which 69 cases with a positivity＜50％ and 48 cases with a positivity≥50％.The D90 ranged from 106 to 170 Gy (average,142 Gy).And 6 patients were treated with external beam radiation in combination.The biochemical no evidence of disease (bNED) rate was recorded.And possible prognostic factors,including risk stratification,PSA,clinical stage,prostate volume,biopsy positivity and D90,were analyzed by using SPSS 19.0 software.Results The patients were followed up for 19 to 114 months (average,84 months; median,82 months).And biochemical relapse was observed in 33 cases (bNED rate,72％).The bNED rates in low-risk,intermediate-risk and high-risk groups were 86％,79％ and 64％,respectively and significant correlations were found between bNED rate and risk stratification (P=0.040).Moreover,the bNED rate was significantly higher in patients with the following factors,namely PSA＜20.0 μg/L (P =0.028),percentage of positive biopsy cores＜50％ (P =0.006) and high-dose implants (D90 ≥ 140 Gy) (P=0.009).Conclusions The long-term efficacy of brachytherapy in early stage prostate cancer is definite.Significant associations are found between bNED rate and risk stratification.And higher rates of biochemical relapse could be found in patients with PSA ≥ 20.0 μg/L,percentage of positive biopsy cores ≥ 50％ or D90＜ 140 Gy groups.

Doenças da próstata / Prostatic diseases

A hiperplasia benigna da próstata, o câncer de próstata e a prostatite aguda bacteriana são doenças prevalentes e importantes da próstata, caracterizadas por sintomas urinários de esvaziamento e armazenamento. São as patologias prostáticas mais frequentes no homem maduro e podem comprometer a longevidade e a qualidade de vida desses indivíduos. Analisaremos neste artigo seus diagnósticos e tratamentos.

Targeting gene delivery to prostatic cancer with mAb-conjugated polyamidoamine dendrimers / 中国药学杂志

OBJECTIVE: Aim to construct a novel polymer gene delivery system based on a new kind of dendrimer-polyamidoamine (PAMAM). With the modification of polyethylene glycol (PEG) and YPSMA-1 monoclonal antibody (mAb), PAMAM-PEG-mAb was successfully synthesized as a novel gene vector targeting to the prostatic cancer. METHODS: NMR was used to characterize PAMAM-PEG-mAb. The cellular uptake and prostatic cancer (PCa) distribution experiments were employed to explore its biological characteristics and PCa cell (PC3 and LNCaP) targeting ability. RESULTS: NMR results demonstrated the successful synthesis of PAMAM-PEG-mAb. The cellular uptake of vectors was concentration-dependent. The gene expression in vitro indicated that the modification of mAb could increase the gene expression efficiency and PCa targeting ability of PAMAM vectors to LNCaP ( PSMA overexpressing prostate cancer cells). CONCLUSION: PAMAM-PEG-mAb is a potential gene delivery vector targeting to PCa. Copyright 2012 by the Chinese Pharmaceutical Association.