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Thyroid disease is characterized by unusual levels of thyroid hormones, which results in either hyperthyroidism or hypothyroidism. The pathology of a particular type or stage of thyroid disease is very complicated, and always linked to a variety of biological functions. Although the mortality rate is not high, thyroid dysfunction could lead to metabolic and immunological disorders that can subsequently cause discomfort. To date, many drugs are suggested to have curative effects on thyroid disease, however, drug toxicity and long treatment periods encourage the search for more promising ones. Prunella vulgaris L. (Labiatae) is a popular herb that has shown great potential for improving human immunity and organ protection. It has been extensively used in the treatment of many diseases but its ability to treat specific diseases has not been fully reported. In this review, a literature search regarding herbs and herbal recipes for treating thyroid disease were carried out, organized, and summarized. In addition, this study conducted a literature search on the current situation and progress of P. vulgaris treatment for various diseases. Finally, this study discussed studies regarding P. vulgaris treatment of goiter, and the mechanism of treatment through the regulation of apoptosis. Accordingly, a combination therapy of herbs and Western medicine can provide significant therapeutic effects in the clinical treatment of thyroid disease. Furthermore, the association between P. vulgaris and various diseases suggests that P. vulgaris is rich in a variety of active substances that can fight oxidation and participate in the regulation of apoptosis, thus having a protective effect on the thyroid. Here, a comprehensive literature review regarding the application of herbs or herbal recipes in the treatment of thyroid disease was presented. It is concluded that there is strong evidence for further research regarding the use of P. vulgaris in the treatment of thyroid diseases.
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Aim: The effects of UV-B pretreatment on biosynthesis of active ingredients in Prunella vulgaris L. were studied from three aspects: active ingredients, physiological and biochemical parameters and key enzymes of rosmarinic acid metabolism pathway.Methodology: In greenhouse, the seedlings of P. vulgaris were subjected to UV-B treatment for 30 min from 10:30 a.m. to 11:00 a.m. every day for 10 days and then transplanted to field. After ripening, the leaves were harvested for physiological and biochemical estimations and the expression of key enzyme genes and the contents of active ingredients were measured by ear picking. Results: The results of active ingredient content showed that artificial UV-B radiation increased the contents of phenolic acids and individual flavonoids at mature fruiting stage compared with control plants. Physiological and biochemical results indicated that increase in peroxidase, ascorbate peroxidase, and superoxide dismutase activities seem to be active responses to alleviate the deleterious effects of UV-B in P. vulgaris. Under UV-B pre-treatment, genes related to rosmarinic acid/phenolic acid biosynthesis were significantly (p<0.05) over-expressed at seedling stage of P. vulgaris. Interpretation: This study indicated that UV-B pre-treatment in the seedling stage before transplantation to field is effective for inducing phenolic acid and flavonoid accumulation in P. vulgaris ears at mature fruiting stage.
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Objective: To compare and analyze the transcriptome of ears, leaves and stems of Prunella vulgaris, and excavate the key enzyme genes related to the secondary metabolism biosynthesis of P. vulgaris. Methods: The transcriptome of ears, leaves and stems of P. vulgaris were sequenced by Illumina high-throughput sequencing technology. Additionally biosynthesis related enzyme gene of secondary metabolism were identified from differentially expressed genes. Results: In the transcripts of three different tissues of P. vulgaris, a total of 8 270 Unigenes differed significantly between at least two tissues. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis of genes differentially expressed in different tissues showed that the expression of phenylpropanoid biosynthesis genes varied greatly. A total of 31 triterpenoid biosynthesis-related Unigenes, 16 phenolic acid biosynthesis-related Unigenes, and 113 P450s-related Unigenes were identified in the differentially expressed genes. Conclusion: This study provides a basis for the subsequent discovery of functional genes related to the secondary metabolism synthesis pathway of P. vulgaris, and plays a foundation for the regulation of secondary metabolism biosynthesis of P. vulgaris.
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Objective To obtain the transcriptome sequence database and to explore the molecule basis of secondary metabolism biosynthesis in Prunella vulgaris. Methods The high-throughput RNA-seq technology (Illumina HiSeq 2000) was used to conduct a transcriptomic analysis of P. vulgaris ears, stems, and leaves. Unigenes were obtained after assembled by Trinity, and the sequencing results were analyzed with the bioinformatics analysis. Results A total of 77 863 Unigenes were obtained and the average length was 716.72 nt. A total of 41 367 (53.13%) unigenes were annotated by a BLAST similarity search against Nr, Swiss-Prot, COG and other four public sequence databases, and 1 406 Unigenes were assigned to secondary metabolism biosynthesis pathways by the KEGG. Based on the bioinformatic analysis, we found that 60 Unigenes were involved in the triterpenes backbone biosynthesis, 24 Unigenes catalyze synthesis of phenolic acids, and 259 Unigenes might participate in secondary metabolism post-modification. Additionally, 118 unigenes might involve in other secondary metabolism biosynthesis of P. vulgaris. Conclusion The transcriptome data of P. vulgaris from this study provides an important resource for understanding the biosynthesis mechanism of its secondary metabolites, and provides basic information that may aid in metabolic engineering to increase yields secondary metabolites of P. vulgaris.
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Objective To identify the MYB transcription factors that may regulate the biosynthesis of triterpenoids and phenolic acids in Prunella vulgaris. Methods MYB transcription factor were identified from the P. vulgaris transcriptome database, their motif, physical and chemical properties, functional annotation, family evolution and expression patterns were examined. Results A total of 27 MYB transcription factors were identified. c32045.graph_c0 might inhibit the biosynthesis of rosmarinic acid by inhibiting the expression of cinnamic acid 4-hydroxylase gene, thus acting as a transcription suppressor to negatively regulate the biosynthesis of phenolic acids. c26895.graph_c0 might inhibit the biosynthesis of triterpenoids and phenolic acids by regulating the flow of metabolic intermediates in the biosynthesis of triterpenoids and rosmarinic acids. Conclusion The candidate MYB transcription factors related to the biosynthesis of triterpenoids and phenolic acids were obtained. It also laid a foundation for the further study of MYB in regulating of secondary metabolites in P. vulgaris.
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Objective: To study antibreast cancer activity and the mechanism of appropriate components of polysaccharides (P), triterpenes (T), the essential oil (V), and different compatibilities (PT, PV, TV, and PTV) of Prunella vulgaris in vivo. Methods: 4T1 breast cancer model was established to evaluate anti-breast cancer activity. The appropriate components of P. vulgaris were screened. The tumor volume and the shaded areas in breast cancer mice were detected by living small animal Micro-CT scan. The structural changes of each organ were detected by HE staining. TUNEL staining was used to detect apoptotic rate of tumor. The expression of PCNA, CD-31, and E-cadherin were detected by immunohistochemistry (IHC). Serum estradiol was detected by Elisa kit. Results: T and PTV had significant anti-breast cancer activity. There were inflammatory cells infiltration, degeneration and necrosis, tumor cell apoptosis in the T and PTV groups. T and PTV could inhibit cell proliferation by reducing the estradiol level and downregulating the overexpression of PCNA proteins. T and PTV could also reduce tumor angiogenesis by downregulating the protein expression of CD-31. T and PTV also inhibited the metastatic process by upregulating the protein expression of E-cadherin. Conclusion: T and PTV showed significant anti-breast cancer activities, suggesting that T and PTV can be a potential drug for breast cancer.
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BACKGROUND: Prunella vulgaris L. has been an important medicinal plant for the treatment of thyroid gland malfunction and mastitis in China for over 2000 years. There is an urgent need to select effective wavelengths for greenhouse cultivation of P. vulgaris as light is a very important factor in P. vulgaris growth. Here, we described the effects of natural light (control) and UV solar exclusion on the morphological and physiological traits, secondary metabolites contents and antioxidant activities of P. vulgaris. RESULTS: The results showed that UV solar exclusion resulted in remarkable alterations to morphological and biomass traits; significantly reduced the chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and total chlorophyll contents; significantly enhanced the ratio of chlorophyll a to b; and significantly increased the carotenoid and anthocyanin contents in P. vulgaris. UV solar exclusion significantly increased the catalase (CAT) and peroxidase (POD) activities, increased superoxide dismutase (SOD) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) activities and slightly decreased the glutathione (GSH) content. UV solar exclusion significantly increased the soluble sugar and H2O2 contents and increased the soluble protein content but significantly decreased the proline content and slightly decreased the MDA content. The secondary metabolite contents (total phenolics, rosmarinic acid, caffeic acid, hyperoside, ursolic acid and oleanolic acid) and in vitro antioxidative properties (DPPH· and ABTS·+scavenging activities) were significantly increased in P. vulgaris spicas under UV solar exclusion. Additionally, the total polysaccharide and total flavonoids contents were slightly increased by UV solar exclusion. The salviaflaside content was significantly reduced by UV solar exclusion. CONCLUSION: Our study demonstrated that P. vulgaris activates several antioxidant defence systems against oxidative damage caused by UV solar exclusion.
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Photosynthesis/physiology , Prunella/metabolism , Anthocyanins/biosynthesis , Antioxidants/metabolism , Ultraviolet Rays , Prunella/radiation effects , Prunella/chemistry , Antioxidants/radiation effectsABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To screen optimal ratio of Prunella vulgaris(PV) and Taraxacum mongolicum(TM) as a synergetic combination for anti-breast cancer treatment in vitro based on combination index(CI) and to investigate the effects of PV and TM on cell proliferation and apoptosis under the optimized ratio in tumor-bearing(4T1) female BALB/c mice in vivo. METHODS: Cell proliferation was assayed by MTT method. The dose-effect of PV combined with TM was evaluated by CI method, The combination has a synergistic effect when the CI value is less than 1. Breast cancer model was established by subcutaneous injection of 4T1 cells in BABL/c mice, the mice were given medicated feed daily for 25 d. Body weight and tumor growth were measured every three days. Histological change and cell apoptosis in tumor tissue from breast cancer mice were evaluated via HE and TUNEL methods. RESULTS: The results indicated that cell proliferation of MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 treated with PV and TM in combination was markedly inhibited. The combination index of PV and TM was 0.199 8 and 0.407 at a ratio of 4:3, which showed a synergistic effect. In addition, PV+TM treatment significantly reduced tumor volume without affecting body weight in breast cancer mice. HE staining showed that the infiltration of inflammatory cells appeared around the tumors and the areas of necrosis. TUNEL staining showed the induced apoptosis in tumor cells from breast cancer mice. CONCLUSION: PV+TM combination has a significant anti-breast cancer activity possibly by boosting immunity and promoting apoptosis in tumor cells, which suggests that PV+TM combination might be a novel potent therapy for the treatment of breast cancer.
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Prunella vulgaris with the function of clearing fire eyesight and softening hardness and dissipating mass, has been widely used in clinics. P. vulgaris mainly contains terpenoids, phenolic acids, flavonoids, sterols, coumarins, organic acids, volatile oils and carbohydrates, and other ingredients with antihypertensive, hypoglycemic, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, immunosuppressive, free radical scavenging activity and anti-oxidation, antitumor, inhibition of virus growth, and other pharmacological effects. According to the literature at home and abroad in recent years, we summarize the chemical compositions and pharmacological actions of P. vulgaris to provide a reference for its clinical applications and further development.
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The aim of this study is to explore the anti-HSV activity of P.vulgaris polysaccharides and gels in vitro and in vivo with the provision of scientific evidence for the further research of anti-HSV new drugs.Plaque reduction assay was adopted to determine the IC50 value of P.vulgaris polysaccharides on HSV-1 and HSV-2 in vitro.In addition,HSV-1 (skin) and HSV-2 (vulva) infected guinea-pig models were established for assessing the anti-HSV activity of polysaccharides and gels in vivo,and infected lesion degree,number of papulovesicle,typical lesion score and the DNA copy numbers of HSV-1 and HSV-2 viruses in the lesion tissue were taken as the indexes.It was found that the activities of HSV1 and HSV-2 viruses was inhibited by P.vulgaris polysaccharides in vitro,while HSV induced skin lesions in the guineapigs were ameliorated by P.vulgaris gel,exerting an anti-HSV action.In conclusion,it was demonstrated that P.vulgaris polysaccharides and gels performed an anti-HSV action both in vitro and in vivo with the hidden value of developing antiHSV agents.
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OBJECTIVE: To study the polar chemical constituents from Prunella vulgaris L. METHODS: Silica gel, reverse-phase octadecylsilyl(ODS), Sephadex LH-20 chromatographic methods, MCI and HPLC were applied to isolate and purify compounds. MS and NMR methods were used to determine the structures of the compounds. Furthermore, the cytotoxicity of these chemical components for MCF-7, MDA-MB-231 and MCF-10A cell lines was measured by MTT method. RESULTS: A total of 12 compounds were isolated from the fruits of P. vulgaris and their structures were identified as methyl 3,4,α-trihydroxypropionate(1), danshensu(2), methyl rosmarinate(3),3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid(4), quercetin-3-O-glycopyranoside(5), hyperoside(6), 2α,3α,19α,24-tetrahydroxylurs-12-en-28-oic acid(7), 2α, 3α, 24-trihydroxyolean-12-en-28-oic acid(8), cytidine(9), daucosterol(10), (3S,5R,10S)-7-oxo-12-methoxyabieta-8,11,13-triene-3,11,14-triol(11), and 2α,3α,24-trihydroxyolean-12,20(30)-dien-28-oic acid(12). The results of antitumor assay indicated that compound 2,3,5 and 6 significantly inhibited the activity of MCF-7, compound 3 could inhibit the activity of MDA-MB-231, but all of them also significantly inhibited the activity of normal cell lines MCF-10A. CONCLUSION: Compounds 9 and 11 are isolated from the genus of Prunella L. for the first time. Some chemical constituents form Prunella L. show certain anti-breast cancer activity.
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Objective: To compare the contents of phenolic acids and flavonoids in wild grown and cultivated Prunella vulgaris from various habitats, an HPLC method was established for simultaneous determination of five bioactive compounds (rosmarinic acid, salviaflaside, caffeic acid, rutin, and luteolin). Methods: The Agilent 5HC-C18 (250 mm × 4.6 mm, 5 μm) was adopted with a gradient eluent system composed of acetonitrile and 0.1% phosphoric acid aqueous solution at the temperature of 30℃. The flow rate was 1.0 mL/min. The detection wavelength was 280 nm. Independent t-test (t-test), hierarchical clustering analysis (HCA), and correlation analysis were applied to analyzing and evaluating wild grown and cultivated P. vulgaris. Results: The t-test results showed that the contents difference of rosmarinic acid, rutin, caffeic acid, and luteolin had statistical significance (P 0.05). According to the result of HCA, most of the cultivated and wild materials could be differentiated. The result of correlation analysis showed that the ear length has no significant influence on the contents of main compounds in P. vulgaris. Conclusion: The determination method is simple and feasible, and it can be used as one of the quality evaluation method of P. vulgaris.
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OBJECTIVE: To compare the chemical composition and therapeutic effect between Prunella vulgaris L stem leaf and ear, thus to provide evidence for judging whether the stem leaf of Prunella vulgaris L can substitute the ear as an herbal medicine. METHODS: Aqueous extracts of the stem leaf and ear of Prunella vulgaris L from different producing areas were analyzed with HPLC-ESI-MSn. The anti-inflammatory effects were observed by inflammatory models of ear edema induced by dimethylbenzene in mice and hind paw edema induced by carrageenan in rats.Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to detect the plasma level of TNF-α and antioxidant activities were detected by ABTS method. RESULTS: Prunella vulgaris L stem leaf and ear were not significantly different in chemical composition, both of which contained mainly triterpenoids, flavonoids, phenolic acids and other substances. Compared with the model group, Prunella vulgaris L ear significantly reduced the hind paw edema in rats induced by carrageenan from 1 h after oral administration (P<0.05), while the onset time of stem leaf was later than 1 h.Both groups could significantly reduce the ear edema in mice induced by dimethylbenzene(P<0.01). The TNF-α levels in the Prunella vulgaris L stem leaf and ear groups [(24.16±1.24) and (24.33±2.36 )ng·mL-1] were lower than that in the model group [(31.34±1.94) ng·mL-1] (P<0.01).Prunella vulgarisL stem leaf and ear groups showed strong antioxidant activities in the ABTS·+ scavenging test. CONCLUSION: The contents of the main constituents in Prunella vulgaris L stem leaf and ear have significance differences.The RESULTS of animal tests indicate that the aqueous extracts of Prunella vulgaris L stem leaf and ear have significant anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects.
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Objective:To study the antihypertensive effect of the extract from compound Prunella vulgaris L. in spontaneous hy-pertension(SH)rats. Methods:Forty SH rats were randomly divided into the model group,high,middle and low dose groups of ex-tract from vompound Prunella vulgaris L. ,the compound kendir leaves tablets Ⅰ group with 8 ones in each. Non-invasive blood pres-sure measurement was used to detect the SBP and DBP of the SHR rats. Then the serum NO,AngⅡ ,ET-1 and ANP content were measured after the eight-week treatment. The pathological changes were observed after kidney HE staining in the SH rats. Results:Compared with that in the model group,the blood pressure in high-dose treatment group,middle-dose treatment group and the positive model group was significantly decreased(P < 0. 05). The AngⅡ and ET-1 levels in high-dose treatment group,middle-dose treatment group and the positive model group were decreased(P < 0. 01),and NO and ANP contents in serum were significantly increased when compared with those in the model group(P < 0. 01). The pathological examination showed that the pathological changes in the model group were faster than those in all the drug-treatment groups,the pathological changes included glomerular and renal tubular atrophy, glomerular vascular wall thickening and renal tubular epithelial cell degeneration or necrosis. Conclusion:The extract from compound Prunella vulgaris L. can reduce blood pressure of SH rats. The mechanism may be associated with the level reduction of AngII and ET-1 and content elevation of NO and ANP.
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BACKGROUND: Prunella vulgaris L. is a medical plant cultivated in sloping, sun-shaded areas in China. Recently, owing to air-environmental stress, especially drought stress strongly inhibits plant growth and development, the appropriate fertilizer supply can alleviate these effects. However, these is little information about their effects on P. vulgaris growing in arid and semi-arid areas with limited water and fertilizer supply. RESULTS: In this study, water stress decreased the photosynthetic pigment contents, inhibited photosynthetic efficiency, induced photodamage in photosystem 2 (PS2), and decreased leaf instantaneous WUE (WUEi). The decreased net photosynthetic rate (Pn) under medium drought stress compared with the control might result from stomatal limitations. However, fertilizer supply improved photosynthetic capacity by increasing the photosynthetic pigment contents and enhancing photosynthetic efficiency under water deficit. Moreover, medium fertilization also increased WUEi under the two water conditions, but fertilizer supply did little to alleviate the PS2 photodamage caused by drought stress. Hence, drought stress was the primary limitation in the photosynthetic process of P. vulgaris seedlings, while the photosynthetic characteristics of the seedlings exhibited positive responses to fertilizer supply. CONCLUSIONS: Appropriate fertilizer supply is recommended to improve photosynthetic efficiency, enhance WUEi and alleviate photodamage under drought stress.
Subject(s)
Photosynthesis/physiology , Water/physiology , Prunella/growth & development , Seedlings/growth & development , Fertilizers , Stress, Physiological , Time Factors , Chlorophyll/physiology , Analysis of Variance , Circadian Rhythm , Plant Leaves , Droughts , FluorescenceABSTRACT
Objective: To study the chemical constituents from Prunella vulgaris and their antitumor activities. Methods: Silica gel, reverse-phase octadecylsilyl (ODS), Sephadex LH-20 chromatographic methods, and HPLC were applied to isolating and purifying compounds. MS and NMR spectroscopic methods were used to determine their structures. Furthermore, the cytotoxicity of these chemical components for MCF-7, MDA-MB-231, and MCF-10A cell lines was measured by MTT method. Results: Forteen compounds were isolated from the fruits of P. vulgaris and their structures were identified as: autantiamide acetate (1), 5α,8α-epidioxy-(22E,24R)-ergosta-6,22-dien-3β-ol (2), β-amyrin (3), betulic acid (4), 3-hydroxy-11-en-11,12-dehydrogenation-28,13-oic acid lactone (5), eburicol (6), 2α,3α,24-trihydroxyolean-12-en-28-oic acid (7), candelabrone 12-methyl ether (8), cyclopentaneacetic acid (9), 2α,3β-dihydroxyursa-12-en-28-oic acid (10), α-spinasterol (11), oleanolic acid (12), ursolic acid (13), and β-sitosterol (14). Conclusion: Compounds 2, 5, 6, 8, and 9 are isolated from the genus of Prunella L. for the first time. The results of cytotoxic assay indicate that compounds 10 and 13 can obviously inhibit the activity of MCF-7, MDA-MB-231, and the normal cell lines MCF-10A. Compound 4 can selectly inhibit the activity of MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 while show no effect on the normal cell lines MCF-10A.
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Objective:To investigate the vasorelaxant effect of active fraction from compound Prunella vulgaris L. ( AFCP) on the i-solated thoracic aorta of rats and underlying mechanism. Methods:The study was performed with the tension experiment of the isolate rat thoracic aorta. The changes of vascular ring tension were measured by biological signal acquisition and analysis system, and the vasodila-tor effect of AFCP was observed. Results:AFCP(100-500μg·ml-1)could induce significant relaxation in aorta rings pre-contracted by phenylephrine (PE,1 μmol·L-1), and the relaxation effect was significant(75% ±8%) in endothelium-intact aortic and endothelium-denuded aortic. The vasodilatation effect of AFCP was not significantly affected by nitric oxide synthase ( NOS) inhibitor NG-nitro-L-argi-nine( L-NNA) , guanylate cyclase inhibitor MB,potassium channel blocker TEA and glibenclamide. In Ca2+-free bath solutions, AFCP (300 μg·ml-1 ) could shift downward dose-response curve of CaCl2 and significantly reduce the maximum contraction amplitude of PE. Conclusion:AFCP can relax rat aorta rings in a dose-dependent manner, which is endothelium-independent. The mechanism may be re-lated to the inhibition of intracellular calcium release and extracellular calcium flow, and has nothing to do with NO pathway, prostacyclin generation and calcium-activated potassium channels.
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Prunella vulgaris L. (Labiatae) contains a variety of structurally diverse natural products, primarily rosmarinic acid (RA), ursolic acid (UA) and oleanolic acid (OA), which possess a wide array of biological properties. In the present study, P. vulgaris was harvested at three developmental stages (vegetative, full-flowering and mature-fruiting stages), dissected into stem and leaf tissues and assayed for chemical contents using high performance liquid chromatography. Significant changes in the concentrations of the major secondary metabolites (RA, UA and OA) were observed at the different development stages. The highest concentrations of RA, UA and OA were found at the full-flowering stage (15.83 mg/g dry weight (DW) RA, 1.77 mg/g DW UA and 0.65 mg/g DW OA). Among the different aerial parts of the plant, the concentrations of RA, UA and OA were higher in the leaves than in the stems at the different developmental stages. These results suggest that the full-flowering stage is characterized by the highest concentrations of bioactive compounds. Therefore, this stage may be the optimum point for harvesting P. vulgaris plants. In additional, the leaves of P. vulgaris demonstrated higher RA, UA and OA concentrations than the stems, suggesting higher utilization potential.
Subject(s)
Cinnamates/analysis , Depsides/analysis , Oleanolic Acid/analysis , Plant Extracts/chemistry , Prunella/chemistry , Triterpenes/analysis , Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid , Fruit/chemistry , Plant Leaves/chemistry , Plant Stems/chemistryABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the regulative effect of the extract of Radix Ranunculi Ternati,Radix Sophorae Flavescenti,Prunella vulgaris L.and Stellera chamaejasme L.on cellular immunity induced by multiple drugs resistant bacillus tuberculosis(MDR-TB) from pneumoconiosis patients complicated with tuberculosis in rats.Methods MDR-TB model in rats was induced by MDR-TB.Normal control group were feed by standard feed,model group were irrigated by normal saline,and the other groups were respectively feed by the extract of Chinese herbal medicines.The content of IFN-γ,IL-4,IL-10 and IL-12 were examined by ELISA.RT-PCR was used to detect the mRNA levels of them.Results The content of IFN-γof the four extracts of Chinese herbal medicines were (2.01 ±0.73 ),( 1.92±0.56),( 1.98 ±0.67 ) and (1.94±0.59) pg/ml,IL-4 were (6.01±1.46),(6.12±1.35),(6.47±1.46) and (6.15±1.44) pg/ml,IL-10 were (12.09±3.07),( 12.45±4.01 ),( 12.13±3.43) and (12.54±3.78) pg/ml,IL-12 were (2.99±0.89),(2.75±0.84),(3.02±0.86) and (2.89±0.75) pg/ml.Compared to the model group,they resulted in significant in serum IFN-γ,IL-12,IL-4 and IL-10 (P＜0.05 or P＜0.01 ),the mRNA levels of them were significantly (P＜0.05 or P＜0.01 ).Conclusion The four extracts of Chinese herbal medicines can enhance the cellar immunological function in rats from up-regulation of the level of genetic transcription,accordingly provide the theory base of healing of pneumoconiosis patients complicated with tuberculosis with them.
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Objective:To establish the HPLC fingerprint of Prunella Species from different places and evaluate it by cluster analysis.Methods:The analysis method of HPLC ngerprint was established.Alltima C18(4.6mm?250mm,5?m) was utilized for separation.The mobile phase consisted of methanol(A) and 0.5% glacial acetic acid(B) with a ow-rate of 1.0ml/min.The detection wavelength was 280nm and the injection volume was 20?l.The column temperature was 30℃.The HPLC ngerprints of Prunella Species from three di erent places were determined and analyzed by SPSS.Results:There is a big di erence among ngerprints of Prunella from di erent places.Prunella from Hubei,Anhui,Jiangxi,Guizhou,Guangxi,Sichuan were divided into a class;Henan,Jiangsu,Zhejiang were divided into another class.Conclusion:the eatsblished ngerprint showed characteristics of Prunella Species from di erent places obviously,and the attribute of Prunella Species can be distinguished e ectively by cluster analysis method.