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1.
Rev. Ciênc. Plur ; 10 (1) 2024;10(1): 33471, 2024 abr. 30. tab, ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, BBO | ID: biblio-1553341

ABSTRACT

Introdução: O componente hospitalar da Rede de Atenção Psicossocial preconiza o fechamento progressivo de hospitais psiquiátricos e a implementação de leitos de saúde mental em hospital geral, capazes de fornecer atendimento para os casos agudos que necessitem de internação de forma articulada com os demais pontos de atenção da rede. Objetivo: Diante disso, o objetivo do presente artigo foi analisar a distribuição do número de leitos de atenção hospitalar em saúde mental no Rio Grande do Norte entre 2012 e 2022 e apresentar uma proposta de planejamento e avaliação para fortalecer a Rede de Atenção Psicossocial do estado. Metodologia: Trata-se de um estudo ecológico realizado no estado do Rio Grande do Norte, Brasil, no período de 2012 a 2022, usando dados secundários sobre as internações, seguido de um estudo propositivo com base em referências de planejamento e avaliação em saúde. Resultados: Observa-se uma redução do número de leitos psiquiátricos ao longo do tempo, mas que não se mostra suficiente e não se traduz em um crescimento satisfatório de leitos de saúde mental em hospital geral. Foram propostas cinco ações com o intuito de fortalecer a Rede de Atenção Psicossocial através da implantação e qualificação de leitos de saúde mental em hospitais gerais. Conclusão: Conclui-se que o movimento de constituição do componente hospitalar da Rede de Atenção Psicossocial do Rio Grande do Norte tem se apresentado em movimento irregular e o número de leitos de saúde mental em hospital geral é insuficiente. Espera-se que as intervenções e avaliações sugeridas possam contribuir para subsidiar importantes encaminhamentos no âmbito das políticas públicas de saúde mental do Rio Grande do Norte, Brasil (AU).


Introduction: The hospital component of the Psychosocial Care Network (PCN) advocates the progressive closure of psychiatric hospitals and the implementation of mental health beds in general hospitals, capable of providing care for acute cases that require hospitalization in conjunction with other network attention points. Objective: In view of this, the objective of this article was to analyze the quantitative distribution of hospital mental health care beds in Rio Grande do Norte between 2012 and 2022 and present a planning and evaluation proposal to strengthen the state's PCN. Methodology: This is an ecological study carried out in the state of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil, from 2012 to 2022 using secondary data on hospitalizations, followed by a proactive study based on health planning and evaluation references. Results:There has been a reduction in the number of psychiatric beds over time, but not sufficient andnot translated into a satisfactory growth in mental health beds in general hospitals. Five actions were proposed with the aim of strengthening the PCN through the implementation and qualification of mental health beds in general hospitals.Conclusion: It is concluded that the movement to establish the hospital component of PCN in Rio Grande do Norte has been irregular and the number of mental health beds in general hospitals is insufficient. It is expected that the suggested interventions and evaluations may contribute to supporting important developments within the scope of public mental health policies in Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil (AU).


Introducción: El componente hospitalario de la Red de Atención Psicosocial (RAPS) aboga por el cierre progresivo de los hospitales psiquiátricos y la implementación de camas de salud mental en los hospitales generales, capaces de brindar atención a casos agudos que requieran hospitalización en conjunto con otros puntos de atención de la red. Objetivo:Ante esto, el objetivo de este artículo fue analizar la distribución del número de camas hospitalarias de atención a la salud mental en Rio Grande do Norte entre 2012 y 2022 y presentar una propuesta de planificación y evaluación para fortalecer el RAPS del Estado. Metodología:Se trata de un estudio ecológico realizado en el Estado de Rio Grande do Norte, Brasil, de 2012 a 2022, utilizando datos secundarios sobre hospitalizaciones, seguido de un estudio propositivo basado en referencias de planificación y evaluación de la salud. Resultados:Hay una reducción en el número de camas psiquiátricas a lo largo del tiempo, pero esto no es suficiente y no se traduce en un crecimiento satisfactorio de camas de salud mental en los hospitales generales. Se propusieron cinco acciones con el objetivo de fortalecer el RAPS a través de la implementación y habilitación de camas de salud mental en hospitales generales. Conclusión:Se concluye que el movimiento para establecer el componente hospitalario del RAPS en Rio Grande do Norte ha sido irregular y el número de camas de salud mental en un hospital general es insuficiente. Se espera que las intervenciones y evaluaciones sugeridas puedan contribuir a apoyar derivaciones importantes dentro del alcance de las políticas públicas de salud mental en Rio Grande do Norte, Brasil (AU).


Subject(s)
Health Evaluation , Mental Health , Health Planning , Mental Health Services , Tertiary Healthcare , Brazil/epidemiology , Data Interpretation, Statistical , Ecological Studies , Secondary Data Analysis , Hospitals, Psychiatric
2.
Nursing (Ed. bras., Impr.) ; 27(307): 10055-10061, jan.2024. tab
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS, BDENF | ID: biblio-1531319

ABSTRACT

Analisar o atendimento da equipe de enfermagem nas emergências psiquiátricas. Método: Estudo de revisão integrativa da literatura, considerando como estratégia PICo: (P) Equipe de enfermagem, (I) Atendimento, (Co) Emergências psiquiátricas, os critérios de inclusão são artigos publicados em português, entre 2013 e 2023, disponíveis na Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde. Resultados: Foi elaborado uma tabela para coleta dos dados. Emergiram três categorias: Fragilidades no atendimento de enfermagem às emergências psiquiátricas; Fortalezas no atendimento de enfermagem às emergências psiquiátricas; Educação continuada e permanente como recurso de melhoria da qualidade no atendimento às emergências psiquiátricas. Considerações finais: É evidente a necessidade de ações de educação continuada, a importância dos recursos humanos e físicos adequados para assistência, capacitações profissionais que contemplem a atenção à saúde mental, promoção da desconstrução social, dos estigmas e estereótipos vinculados à loucura e à figura do doente mental.(AU)


To analyze the care provided by the nursing team in psychiatric emergencies. Method: Integrative literature review study, considering the PICo strategy: (P) Nursing team, (I) Care, (Co) Psychiatric emergencies, the inclusion criteria are articles published in Portuguese, between 2013 and 2023, available in the Library Virtual Health. Results: A table was created to collect data. Three categories emerged: Weaknesses in nursing care for psychiatric emergencies; Strengths in nursing care for psychiatric emergencies; Continuing and permanent education as a resource for improving the quality of care for psychiatric emergencies. Final considerations: The need for continuing education actions is evident, the importance of adequate human and physical resources for assistance, professional training that includes mental health care, promotion of social deconstruction, stigmas and stereotypes linked to madness and the figure of brain sick.(AU)


Analizar la atención brindada por el equipo de enfermería en emergencias psiquiátricas. Método: Estudio de revisión integradora de la literatura, considerando la estrategia PICo: (P) Equipo de enfermería, (I) Atención, (Co) Emergencias psiquiátricas, los criterios de inclusión son artículos publicados en portugués, entre 2013 y 2023, disponibles en la Biblioteca Virtual de Salud. Resultados: Se creó una tabla para recolectar datos. Surgieron tres categorías: Debilidades en la atención de enfermería en emergencias psiquiátricas; Fortalezas en la atención de enfermería para emergencias psiquiátricas; La educación continua y permanente como recurso para mejorar la calidad de la atención de las urgencias psiquiátricas. Considerações finais: É evidente a necessidade de ações de educação continuada, a importância dos recursos humanos e físicos adequados para assistência, capacitações profissionais que contemplem a atenção à saúde mental, promoção da desconstrução social, dos estigmas e estereótipos vinculados à loucura e à figura do enfermo mental.(AU)


Subject(s)
Psychiatric Nursing , Nursing , Nursing Care , Nursing, Team
3.
Article in English | LILACS, BDENF, COLNAL | ID: biblio-1553406

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Bariatric surgery has become an increasingly common procedure, especially for patients with morbid obesity who have obtained unsatisfactory results from conventional treatments. Objective: To evaluate the occurrence of behavioral patterns and personality disorders in patients in the preoperative period of bariatric surgery. Materials and methods: Cross-sectional study carried out with 146 patients from a medium-sized clinic, a reference in the execution of bariatric surgeries in the Midwest region of Minas Gerais, Brazil. Data collection was performed using the psychological instrument entitled Factorial Personality Battery. Descriptive analysis and data association were performed. Results: Half of the participants presented high or very high scores for greater propensity to develop depression and anxiety, showing a close relationship with personality disorders, especially with behavioral patterns of effort and dedication. Discussion: The patterns of effort and dedication behavior are protective factors in the postoperative period, taking into account the adaptations and new habits necessary for a good recovery and maintenance of weight loss. Conclusions: The dysfunctional patterns of behavior that stood out most are related to greater difficulty in perceiving the positive side and ease in perceiving the negative side, leading to a more intense experience of suffering, in addition to difficulty in making decisions and facing routine challenges. Screening behavioral patterns and personality disorders preoperatively is necessary for adequate patient monitoring and successful bariatric surgery.


Subject(s)
Personality Disorders , Psychiatric Nursing , Behavior , Bariatric Surgery
4.
Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica ; (12): 336-349, 2024.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-1016648

ABSTRACT

Small-molecule phenolic substances widely exist in animals and plants, and have some shared biological activities. The metabolism of phenylalanine and tyrosine in the human body, and especially the metabolism of catecholamine neurotransmitters, produces endogenous small-molecule phenols. Endogenous small-molecule phenolic substances are functionally related to the important physiological processes and the occurrence of mental diseases in humans and some animals, which are systematically sorts and summarized in this review. Integrating the previous experimental research and literature analysis on natural small-molecule phenols by our research group, the understanding of the hypothesis that "small-molecule phenol are pharmacological signal carriers" was deepened. Based on above, the concept of "phenolomics" was further proposed, analyzed the research direction and research content which can bring into the knowledge framework of phenolomics. The induction of phenolomics will provide wider perspectives on explaining the pharmacological mechanism of drugs, discovering new drug targets, and finding biomarkers of mental diseases.

5.
Journal of Rural Medicine ; : 24-32, 2024.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-1007140

ABSTRACT

Purpose: To clarify experience of students who participated in psychiatric nursing educational program aiming at competency development.Methods: We conducted a semi-structured interview with five students who participated in a psychiatric nursing educational program and analyzed the results qualitatively and descriptively.Results: We generated 19 categories and 39 subcategories. The students reached [acquisition of diversity and multi-phase viewpoint] through team discussion and attempted to understand patients holistically, including [acquisition of patient’s viewpoints]. Moreover, they formed supportive relationships while [repeating trial and error] and gained self-understanding based on [egocentrism awareness].Conclusion: Participation in this program increased students’ preparedness for psychiatric nursing practical training, believed to contribute to competency development. Some students had difficulty relating to patients and hesitated to express negative emotions while establishing supportive relationships. This indicates the need for an educational approach that encourages students to express negative emotions easily.

6.
Ibom Medical Journal ; 17(1): 62-67, 2024. figures, tables
Article in English | AIM | ID: biblio-1525511

ABSTRACT

Background:Human immunodeficiency virus/ Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS), has remained a disease of public health concern, with the largest burden being found in sub Saharan Africa. The advent of anti-retroviral therapy (ART) has significantly reduced the mortality of the disease, thereby transforming it to a chronic disorder, with significant co-morbid psychiatric sequalae.Objectives:To determine the prevalence and pattern of psychiatric morbidity among PLWHAattending Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, Kano.Materials and methods:This was a cross sectional study of adult patients with HIV/AIDS attending outpatient clinic at the S.S. Wali Virology Centre of Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital who gave informed consent. Systematic random sampling technique was used.Patients aged 18years and above who had been on ARVdrugs for at least one year were included, while those who had a medical emergency and needed immediate attention were excluded.Socio demographic characteristics were obtained using a socio-demographic questionnaire and psychiatric morbidity was assessed with the MINI International Neuropsychiatry Interview.Results:Atotal of 420 participants were recruited in the study with a male to female ratio of 1:1.5 and mean age of 40.4±10.0 years. The prevalence of a psychiatric disorder was 22.1% out of whom 5.0% had more than one psychiatric diagnosis. Major depression was the most common (11%) psychiatric disorder. Generalized Anxiety disorder, substance abuse, post-traumatic stress disorder and alcohol abuse accounted for 7.6%, 5.5%, 2.4% and 1.7% of psychiatric disorders respectively.Conclusion:Psychiatric disorders are common in PLWHA, with major depression being the commonest.


Subject(s)
HIV Infections , Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome
7.
Crit. Care Sci ; 35(4): 394-401, Oct.-Dec. 2023. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1528485

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Objective: To investigate the impact of delirium severity in critically ill COVID-19 patients and its association with outcomes. Methods: This prospective cohort study was performed in two tertiary intensive care units in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. COVID-19 patients were evaluated daily during the first 7 days of intensive care unit stay using the Richmond Agitation Sedation Scale, Confusion Assessment Method for Intensive Care Unit (CAM-ICU) and Confusion Method Assessment for Intensive Care Unit-7 (CAM-ICU-7). Delirium severity was correlated with outcomes and one-year mortality. Results: Among the 277 COVID-19 patients included, delirium occurred in 101 (36.5%) during the first 7 days of intensive care unit stay, and it was associated with a higher length of intensive care unit stay in days (IQR 13 [7 - 25] versus 6 [4 - 12]; p < 0.001), higher hospital mortality (25.74% versus 5.11%; p < 0.001) and additional higher one-year mortality (5.3% versus 0.6%, p < 0.001). Delirium was classified by CAM-ICU-7 in terms of severity, and higher scores were associated with higher in-hospital mortality (17.86% versus 34.38% versus 38.46%, 95%CI, p value < 0.001). Severe delirium was associated with a higher risk of progression to coma (OR 7.1; 95%CI 1.9 - 31.0; p = 0.005) and to mechanical ventilation (OR 11.09; 95%CI 2.8 - 58.5; p = 0.002) in the multivariate analysis, adjusted by severity and frailty. Conclusion: In patients admitted with COVID-19 in the intensive care unit, delirium was an independent risk factor for the worst prognosis, including mortality. The delirium severity assessed by the CAM-ICU-7 during the first week in the intensive care unit was associated with poor outcomes, including progression to coma and to mechanical ventilation.


RESUMO Objetivo: Investigar como a gravidade do delirium afeta pacientes graves com COVID-19 e sua associação com os desfechos. Métodos: Estudo de coorte prospectivo realizado em duas unidades de terapia intensiva terciárias no Rio de Janeiro (RJ). Os pacientes com COVID-19 foram avaliados diariamente durante os primeiros 7 dias de internação na unidade de terapia intensiva usando a escala de agitação e sedação de Richmond, a Confusion Assessment Method for Intensive Care Unit (CAM-ICU) e a Confusion Assessment Method for Intensive Care Unit-7 (CAM-ICU-7). A gravidade do delirium foi correlacionada com os desfechos e a mortalidade em 1 ano. Resultados: Entre os 277 pacientes com COVID-19 incluídos, o delirium ocorreu em 101 (36,5%) durante os primeiros 7 dias de internação na unidade de terapia intensiva e foi associado a maior tempo de internação na unidade de terapia intensiva em dias (IQ: 13 [7 - 25] versus 6 [4 - 12]; p < 0,001), maior mortalidade hospitalar (25,74% versus 5,11%; p < 0,001) e maior mortalidade em 1 ano (5,3% versus 0,6%, p < 0,001). O delirium foi classificado pela CAM-ICU-7 em termos de gravidade, e escores maiores foram associados à maior mortalidade hospitalar (17,86% versus 34,38% versus 38,46%, IC95%, valor de p < 0,001). O delirium grave foi associado a um risco maior de progressão ao coma (RC de 7,1; IC95% 1,9 - 31,0; p = 0,005) e à ventilação mecânica (RC de 11,09; IC95% 2,8 - 58,5; p = 0,002) na análise multivariada, ajustada por gravidade e fragilidade Conclusão: Em pacientes internados com COVID-19 na unidade de terapia intensiva, o delirium foi fator de risco independente para o pior prognóstico, incluindo mortalidade. A gravidade do delirium avaliada pela CAM-ICU-7 durante a primeira semana na unidade de terapia intensiva foi associada a desfechos desfavoráveis, incluindo a progressão ao coma e à ventilação mecânica.

8.
Psicol. rev ; 32(2): 368-394, 31/12/2023.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, INDEXPSI | ID: biblio-1552171

ABSTRACT

Este artigo buscou compreender, a partir do itinerário terapêutico de pessoas em sofrimento psíquico e egressas de internação psiquiátrica, a inserção do centro de atenção psicossocial como equipamento de cuidado em suas trajetórias. Trata-se de estudo inspirado na Epistemologia Qualitativa de Gonzalez Rey no qual foram realizadas entrevistas com seis pessoas, de 27 a 52 anos, em tratamento em um Centro de Atenção Psicossocial tipo 1, e para análise do material transcrito foram adotados procedimentos inspirados no conceito de indicadores de González Rey e na análise temática de conteúdo. Neste artigo, foram discutidas duas categorias: (1) "O manicômio está presente" e (2) "CAPS: espaço de convivência e substituto da vida social?". Os indicadores apontaram que a internação psiquiátrica foi um recurso utilizado após inserção em CAPS, o qual é destacado mais como local de convívio do que de produção de autonomia e de desinstitucionalização. No percurso dos usuários, as internações ocorreram em hospitais gerais, hospitais especializados e comunidades terapêuticas. Os serviços de atenção primária não aparecem como ponto de cuidado à saúde mental, os serviços de urgência estão presentes na atenção às crises, dando ao CAPS contornos de um serviço para a convivência e não para o cuidado na crise. (AU)


Based on the therapeutic itinerary of individuals experiencing psychic distress and who have undergone psychiatric hospitalization, this study aimed to comprehend the integration of the Center of Psychosocial Attention as a care facility along their path. The study is inspired by Gonzalez Rey's Qualitative Epistemology, in which interviews were conducted with six individuals aged between 27 and 52, receiving treatment at a type 1 Center of Psychosocial Attention. Procedures inspired by González Rey's concept of indicators and thematic content analysis were employed to analyze the transcribed material. This paper will discuss two categories: (1) "The presence of the psychiatric hospital," and (2) "CAPS: A space for interaction and a substitute for social life?" The indicators reveal that psychiatric hospitalization was resorted to after involvement with CAPS, which is perceived more as a space for coexis-tence than for fostering autonomy and deinstitutionalization. As per the users' itineraries, hospitalizations occurred in general hospitals, specialized hospitals, and therapeutic communities. Primary care services do not emerge as a focal point for mental health care, whereas emergency services are present for crisis intervention, portraying CAPS as a service more geared towards coexistence rather than crisis management.


Este artículo buscó comprender, a partir del itinerario terapéutico de las personas en distrés psicológico y las dadas de alta de hospitalización psiqui-átrica, la inserción del centro de atención psicosocial como equipamiento de atención en sus trayectorias. Se trata de un estudio inspirado en la Epistemo-logía Cualitativa de González Rey, en el que se realizaron entrevistas a seis personas, de 27 a 52 años, en tratamiento en un Centro de Atención Psicosocial tipo 1 y para el análisis del material transcrito, procedimientos inspirados por el concepto de indicadores de González Rey y el análisis de contenido temático. En este artículo se discutirán dos categorías: (1) "Está presente el asilo" y (2) ¿"CAPS: espacio de convivencia y sustituto de la vida social?". Los indicadores señalaron que la hospitalización psiquiátrica fue un recurso utilizado después de la inserción en CAPS, que se destaca más como un lugar de socialización que para producir autonomía y desinstitucionalización. En el curso de los usuarios, los ingresos se realizaron en hospitales generales, hospitales especializados y comunidades terapéuticas. Los servicios de atención primaria no aparecen como un punto de atención en salud mental, los servicios de emergencia están presentes en la atención de crisis, dando al CAPS los contornos de un servicio de convivencia y no de atención en crisis. (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Crisis Intervention , Therapeutic Itinerary , Mental Health Services , Qualitative Research , Hospitals, Psychiatric
9.
Vive (El Alto) ; 6(18): 972-987, dic. 2023.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1530592

ABSTRACT

Un porcentaje significativo de las emergencias hospitalarias son psiquiátricas; por lo que, durante la práctica clínica diaria, el personal de enfermería debe atender a pacientes con síntomas mentales y signos conductuales. Para tomar decisiones que permitan afrontar dichas urgencias, el profesional de enfermería requiere realizar una adecuada valoración para establecer las necesidades reales del paciente. Objetivo. Identificar los instrumentos utilizados por el servicio de enfermería para una valoración inicial efectiva en emergencias psiquiátricas. Metodología. Se realizó una revisión sistemática cuya búsqueda se realizó en las bases de datos Scopus y PubMed. La ecuación empleada fue la base de datos Scopus se utilizaron (mental AND health AND diagnosis AND psychiatric AND emergency) OR (instruments AND diagnosis AND psychiatric AND emergencies); en PubMed se usaron (initial AND assessment AND psychiatric AND patients AND emergency AND diagnosis), a partir de metodo de busqyeda empleado se obtuvo un total de 802 fuentes que pasaron por un proceso de selección quedando para el análisis de 22 publicaciones. Conclusión. Las entrevistas y cuestionarios se erigen como una herramienta indispensable. Permiten establecer un vínculo directo con el paciente, identificar sus preocupaciones, síntomas y necesidades específicas, garantizando así su bienestar físico y emocional desde el inicio de la atención. El uso de las escalas de medición varía de acuerdo a la enfermedad del paciente, el sistema de clasificación más utilizada es la CIE-10 y que los registros clínicos sobre antecedentes familiares y de sustancias, además de los aspectos sociodemográficos, son los más usados y permiten visualizar el perfil general del paciente de emergencias psiquiátricas.


A significant percentage of hospital emergencies are psychiatric; therefore, during daily clinical practice, the nursing staff must attend patients with mental symptoms and behavioral signs. In order to make decisions to deal with such emergencies, the nursing professional requires an adequate assessment to establish the real needs of the patient. Objective. To identify the instruments used by the nursing service for an effective initial assessment in psychiatric emergencies. Methodology. A systematic review was carried out using the Scopus and PubMed databases. The equation used was the Scopus database (mental AND health AND diagnosis AND psychiatric AND emergency) OR (instruments AND diagnosis AND psychiatric AND emergencies); in PubMed (initial AND assessment AND psychiatric AND patients AND emergency AND diagnosis); from the search method used, a total of 802 sources were obtained which went through a selection process leaving 22 publications for analysis. Conclusion. Interviews and questionnaires are an indispensable tool. They allow establishing a direct link with the patient, identifying their concerns, symptoms and specific needs, thus guaranteeing their physical and emotional well-being from the beginning of care. The use of measurement scales varies according to the patient's disease; the most commonly used classification system is the ICD-10 and clinical records on family and substance history, in addition to sociodemographic aspects, are the most used and allow visualizing the general profile of the psychiatric emergency patient.


Uma porcentagem significativa das emergências hospitalares é psiquiátrica; portanto, durante a prática clínica diária, os enfermeiros devem atender a pacientes com sintomas mentais e sinais comportamentais. Para tomar decisões sobre como lidar com essas emergências, o profissional de enfermagem precisa fazer uma avaliação adequada para estabelecer as reais necessidades do paciente. Objetivo. Identificar os instrumentos utilizados pelo serviço de enfermagem para uma avaliação inicial eficaz em emergências psiquiátricas. Metodologia. Foi realizada uma revisão sistemática utilizando as bases de dados Scopus e PubMed. A equação utilizada foi a da base de dados Scopus (mental AND health AND diagnosis AND psychiatric AND emergency) OR (instruments AND diagnosis AND psychiatric AND emergencies); na PubMed (initial AND assessment AND psychiatric AND patients AND emergency AND diagnosis); a partir do método de busca utilizado, obteve-se um total de 802 fontes que passaram por um processo de seleção, restando 22 publicações para análise. Conclusões. As entrevistas e os questionários são uma ferramenta indispensável. Eles permitem estabelecer um vínculo direto com o paciente, identificar suas preocupações, sintomas e necessidades específicas, garantindo assim seu bem-estar físico e emocional desde o início do atendimento. O uso de escalas de medição varia de acordo com a doença do paciente. O sistema de classificação mais usado é o CID-10 e os registros clínicos sobre histórico familiar e de substâncias, além de aspectos sociodemográficos, são os mais usados e permitem visualizar o perfil geral do paciente de emergência psiquiátrica.


Subject(s)
Systematic Review
10.
Interaçao psicol ; 27(1): 62-70, jan.-abr. 2023.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1512628

ABSTRACT

Considerando que as práticas clínicas se baseiam tanto em conhecimentos científicos como em crenças e valores nem sempre conscientes, este estudo objetiva investigar o imaginário coletivo de profissionais de saúde mental sobre o paciente psiquiátrico, na perspectiva da psicologia psicanalítica concreta. Justifica-se, portanto, desde o interesse em aperfeiçoar a qualidade do atendimento, tendo em vista tanto o benefício dos pacientes, como a melhoria das condições de exercício profissional. A partir de uma entrevista psicológica coletiva, articulada ao redor do uso do Procedimento de Desenhos-Estórias com Tema, abordamos sete profissionais de nível superior que trabalham em equipamento de saúde mental. A consideração do material permitiu a produção interpretativa de dois campos de sentido afetivo-emocional: "Sofredores psicóticos" e "Impostores dependentes". O quadro geral apresenta a coexistência de visões solidárias e éticas diante do psicótico com visões preconceituosas e hostis em relação ao dependente químico. Esse contraste se baseia sobretudo na dificuldade em perceber que a base motivacional do uso da droga seria o sofrimento emocional. Como um todo, esse cenário permite pensar que a reforma psiquiátrica gerou transformações que promovem acolhimento, mas que ainda permanecem estigmas a serem superados.


Considering that clinical practices are based both on scientific knowledge and on beliefs and values that are not always conscious, this study aims to investigate the collective imagination of mental health professionals about the psychiatric patient, from the perspective of psychoanalytic concrete psychology. The importance of this study lies on the interest in improving the quality of care, considering both the benefit of patients and the improvement of professional practice conditions. Based on a collective psychological interview, articulated around the use of the Thematic Story-Drawing Procedure, we approached seven higher education professionals who work in mental health service. Consideration of the material allowed the interpretative production of two affective-emotional fields of meaning: "Psychotic sufferers" and "Dependent impostors". The overall picture shows the coexistence of sympathetic and ethical views toward the mentally psychotic with prejudiced and hostile views toward the drug-dependent. This contrast is mainly based on the difficulty in realizing that the motivational basis for drug use would be emotional suffering. As a whole, this scenario allows us to conclude that the psychiatric reform has brought about transformations that promote acceptance, but that stigmas to be overcome still remain.

11.
Braz. J. Psychiatry (São Paulo, 1999, Impr.) ; 45(4): 327-333, Aug. 2023. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1513819

ABSTRACT

Objectives: To examine the association between psychiatric and non-psychiatric comorbidity and 28-day mortality among patients with psychiatric disorders and COVID-19. Methods: Multicenter observational retrospective cohort study of adult patients with psychiatric disorders hospitalized with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 at 36 Greater Paris university hospitals (January 2020-May 2021) (n=3,768). First, we searched for different subgroups of patients according to their psychiatric and non-psychiatric comorbidities through cluster analysis. Next, we compared 28-day all-cause mortality rates across the identified clusters, while taking into account sex, age, and the number of medical conditions. Results: We found five clusters of patients with distinct psychiatric and non-psychiatric comorbidity patterns. Twenty-eight-day mortality in the cluster of patients with mood disorders was significantly lower than in other clusters. There were no significant differences in mortality across other clusters. Conclusion: All psychiatric and non-psychiatric conditions may be associated with increased mortality in patients with psychiatric disorders and COVID-19. The lower risk of death among patients with mood disorders might be in line with the potential beneficial effect of certain antidepressants in COVID-19, but requires further research. These findings may help identify at-risk patients with psychiatric disorders who should benefit from vaccine booster prioritization and other prevention measures.

12.
Distúrb. comun ; 35(2): 58860, 02/08/2023.
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1510262

ABSTRACT

Introdução: O Sistema Único de Saúde foi consolidado a partir da promulgação da Constituição Federal de 1988. Nas décadas de 70 e 80, o fonoaudiólogo começa a ser inserido nos serviços públicos, movimento que ganha força após a consolidação do SUS. O fonoaudiólogo é inserido no campo da Saúde Mental na década de 90, quando é instituída sua presença nas equipes multiprofissionais de ambulatórios especializados, e em 2002 na composição da equipe de Centros de Atenção Psicossocial infanto-juvenil. Desse modo, a atuação do fonoaudiólogo no campo da Saúde Mental é ainda "novidade" e pouco discutida no âmbito da Fonoaudiologia. Objetivo: refletir sobre o lugar do fonoaudiólogo na Saúde Mental no campo da Saúde Coletiva. A partir da questão: quais os passos e impasses para solidificar o lugar do fonoaudiólogo nos serviços da Atenção Psicossocial Especializada? Método: revisão bibliográfica não-sistemática. A seleção dos artigos foi realizada através de busca automática nas seguintes bases de dados: SCIELO, LILACS e PUBMED. Discussão: ao serem inseridos em um serviço do Sistema Único de Saúde da Rede de Atenção Psicossocial, os fonoaudiólogos se deparam com os preceitos da Reforma Psiquiátrica, que apontam um outro modo de clinicar, o que faz necessária uma mudança em seu fazer. Considerações finais: Para solidificar o lugar do fonoaudiólogo no campo da Saúde Mental é preciso subverter a lógica de cuidado e estabelecer o raciocínio da clínica da Atenção Psicossocial e preceitos da Reforma Psiquiátrica. A especificidade do fonoaudiólogo neste campo se dá através de uma teorização consistente sobre linguagem/comunicação que o autoriza a assumir uma posição frente aos sujeitos em sofrimento psíquico. (AU)


Introduction: The Unified Health System was consolidated from the promulgation of the Federal Constitution of 1988. In the 70s and 80s, the speech therapist began to be inserted in public services, a movement that gained strength after the consolidation of the SUS. The Speech-Language Pathologist is inserted in the field of Mental Health in the 1990s, when his presence in the multidisciplinary teams of specialized outpatient clinics was established and in 2002 in the composition of the Children's Psychosocial Care Center team. Thus, the role of the speech therapist in the field of Mental Health is still "new" and less discussed in the scope of Speech Therapy. Objective: reflect on the place of the speech therapist in Mental Health in the field of Collective Health. From the question: what are the paths and impasses to solidify the place of the speech therapist in the Specialized Psychosocial Care services? Method: non-systematic bibliographic review. The selection of articles was performed through automatic search in the following databases: SCIELO, LILACS and PUBMED. Discussion: when inserted in a service of the Unified Health System in the Psychosocial Care Network, speech therapists are faced with the precepts of the Psychiatric Reform, which point to another way of practicing, which makes a change in the speech therapist's practice necessary. Conclusion: To solidify the role of the speech therapist in the field of Mental Health, it is necessary to invert the logic of care and establish the rationale of the Psychosocial Care clinic and the precepts of the Psychiatric Reform. The specificity of the speech therapist in this field is through a consistent theorization about language/communication that authorizes him to assume a position in relation to subjects in psychological distress. (AU)


Introducción: El Sistema Único de Salud se consolidó a partir de la promulgación de la Constitución Federal de 1988. En los años 70 y 80, el logopeda comenzó a insertarse en los servicios públicos, movimiento que cobró fuerza tras la consolidación del SUS. El Patólogo del Habla y el Lenguaje se inserta en el campo de la Salud Mental en la década de los 90, cuando se estableció su presencia en los equipos multidisciplinarios de consultas externas especializadas y en 2002 en la composición del equipo de Centros de Atención Psicosocial Infantil. Por tanto, el papel del logopeda en el campo de la Salud Mental es todavía "nuevo" y poco discutido en el ámbito de la Logopedia. Objetivo: reflexionar sobre el lugar del logopeda en Salud Mental en el campo de la Salud Colectiva. A partir de la pregunta: ¿cuáles son los pasos y los impasses para solidificar el lugar del logopeda en los servicios de Atención Psicosocial Especializada? Método: revisión bibliográfica no sistemática. La selección de artículos se realizó mediante búsqueda automática en las siguientes bases de datos: SCIELO, LILACS y PUBMED. Discusión: al insertarse en un servicio del Sistema Único de Salud de la Red de Atención Psicosocial, los logopedas se enfrentan a los preceptos de la Reforma Psiquiátrica, que apuntan a otra forma de practicar, lo que hace necesario un cambio en su práctica. Conclusión: Para solidificar el rol del logopeda en el campo de la Salud Mental, es necesario subvertir la lógica del cuidado y establecer la lógica de la clínica de Atención Psicosocial y los preceptos de la Reforma Psiquiátrica. La especificidad del logopeda en este campo es a través de una teorización consistente sobre el lenguaje/comunicación que lo autoriza a asumir una posición en relación con sujetos en distrés psicológico. (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Speech, Language and Hearing Sciences , Mental Health Services , Mental Health , Public Health , Psychiatric Rehabilitation
13.
Estud. pesqui. psicol. (Impr.) ; 23(2): 482-502, julho 2023.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, INDEXPSI | ID: biblio-1532671

ABSTRACT

No contexto de pandemia da covid-19, os profissionais de saúde têm sido expostos a situações que podem gerar sofrimento psicológico, como risco de contaminação, longas jornadas de trabalho, falta de equipamentos de proteção individual, estresse e ansiedade. Esta pesquisa investigou os impactos da pandemia da Covid-19 na atuação de profissionais de uma unidade de internação psiquiátrica em hospital geral. Trata-se de pesquisa qualitativa, desenvolvida a partir de entrevistas com profissionais de saúde cujo roteiro continha, dentre outras, a seguinte pergunta: "A pandemia da Covid-19 provocou alterações na sua atuação profissional?". Para análise dos achados, optou-se pela análise temática. Estes apontaram que os desafios para o cuidar na pandemia envolviam alterações nas ações de cuidado, redução da equipe, aumento da carga de trabalho, falta de equipamentos de segurança, medo e ansiedade na equipe, o que implicou na necessidade de suporte psicossocial aos profissionais, pois a pandemia intensificou a vivência de situações difíceis preexistentes. Face ao exposto, observou-se a necessidade de diferentes adaptações para o desenvolvimento do trabalho na unidade pesquisada, que, frente ao clima de tensão instalado no serviço, contava com uma equipe reduzida de profissionais de saúde.


In the context of the covid-19 pandemic, health professionals have been exposed to situations that can produce psychological suffering, such as risk of contamination, extended working time, absence of personal protective equipment, stress, and anxiety. This research studies the impacts of the Covid-19 pandemic on the performance of professionals who work in the psychiatric unit into a general hospital. It is a qualitative research built up from interviews with health professionals whose script contained, among others, the following question: "Has Covid-19 pandemic brought changes in your professional performance?". In order to analyze the findings, we have chosen the thematic analysis approach. Data findings pointed out that the challenges for care in the pandemic encompass changes in the practices of care, staff reduction, increased workload, lack of safety equipment, fear, and anxiety in the team, which implies the need for psychosocial support for the professionals, once the pandemic has deepened the experience of pre-existing difficult situations. Based on the above, there was a need for some new adaptations for doing the work in the researched unit, which faces both an atmosphere of tension hovering in the workplace and a reduced team of health professionals.


En el contexto de la pandemia del covid-19, los profesionales de la salud se han visto expuestos a situaciones que pueden generar sufrimiento psicológico, como el riesgo de contaminación, largas jornadas laborales, falta de equipo de protección personal, estrés y ansiedad. Esta investigación investigó los impactos de la pandemia Covid-19 en el desempeño de los profesionales en una unidad de internación psiquiátrica en un hospital general. Se trata de una investigación cualitativa, desarrollada a partir de entrevistas con profesionales de la salud cuyo guión contenía, entre otras, la siguiente pregunta: "¿La pandemia Covid-19 provocó cambios en su desempeño profesional?". Para analizar los hallazgos se eligió el análisis temático. Estos señalaron que los desafíos para la atención en la pandemia involucraron cambios en las acciones de atención, reducción de personal, aumento de la carga de trabajo, falta de equipos de seguridad, miedo y ansiedad en el equipo, lo que implica la necesidad de apoyo psicosocial a los profesionales, pues la pandemia intensificó la experiencia de situaciones difíciles preexistentes. Con base en lo anterior, fue necesario realizar diferentes adaptaciones para el desarrollo del trabajo en la unidad investigada, que contaba con un reducido equipo de profesionales de la salud y debido al ambiente de tensión instalado en el servicio.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Psychiatric Department, Hospital , Health Personnel , COVID-19 , Mental Health Services , Qualitative Research , Occupational Stress , Psychological Distress
14.
Estud. pesqui. psicol. (Impr.) ; 23(2): 689-706, julho 2023.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, INDEXPSI | ID: biblio-1532758

ABSTRACT

Familiares de dependentes de álcool vivem intenso sofrimento emocional que os vulnerabiliza a ponto de necessitarem cuidado profissional. No Brasil, o Centro de Atenção Psicossocial Álcool e Drogas (CAPs AD) é o serviço público de referência no atendimento psicossocial a usuários de álcool e outras drogas. A partir da constatação da inexistência de artigos científicos sobre intervenções com familiares dos dependentes de álcool no CAPs AD, dada a profusão de trabalhos que tratam do dependente ou das políticas públicas que fundamentam o serviço, elaboramos três hipóteses sobre essa lacuna. A primeira propõe que na base dessa ausência de modalidades terapêuticas específicas esteja a concepção de que o cuidado aos familiares no CAPs AD é o mesmo e independe das peculiaridades de cada substância psicoativa. A segunda hipótese parte do fato de que a constante ameaça de aniquilamento dos próprios CAPs AD e a consequente luta para sua sobrevivência comprometeria pesquisas para o desenvolvimento de intervenções cada vez mais especializadas. E, finalmente, a hipótese de que a maior demanda de atendimento de usuários de mais de uma substância desarticularia a proposição de intervenções com familiares de dependentes de álcool. Esperamos que este estudo contribua para a elaboração de intervenções mais afinadas às necessidades desse público.


Family members of alcohol dependents live intense emotional suffering that makes them vulnerable to the point of needing professional care. In Brazil, the Psychosocial Care Center for Alcohol and Drugs (CAPSad) is the public service of reference in psychosocial care for users of alcohol and other drugs. Based upon the lack of studies on interventions for family members of alcohol dependents in the CAPSad, contrasting with the profusion of works that deal with the dependent or the public policies that support the service, we elaborated three hypotheses about this gap. The first one proposes that at the center of this abscense of specific therapeutic modalities there is the idea that care for family members in the CAPSad is the same and does not depend on the peculiarities of each psychoactive substance. The second hypothesis derives from the fact that the constant threat of annihilation of the CAPSad themselves and the struggle for their survival would compromise the development of increasingly specialized interventions. At last, the hypothesis that the greater demand for assistance from multiple substance users would dismantle the proposal of interventions with family members of alcohol dependents. We expect that this study will contribute to the development of interventions in accord with the needs of this audience.


Familiares de dependientes de alcohol viven intenso sufrimiento emocional que los vulnera hasta que necesiten cuidado profesional. En Brasil, el Centro de Atención Psicosocial Alcohol y Drogas (CAPs AD) es el servicio público referencial a la atención psicosocial a usuarios de alcohol y drogas. Desde la constatación de la inexistencia de ensayos sobre intervenciones con familiares de dependientes de alcohol en CAPs AD, dada la profusión de trabajos que tratan del dependiente o de las políticas públicas que fundamentan el servicio, se elaboró tres hipótesis sobre esa brecha. La primera propone que en la base de esa ausencia de modalidades terapéuticas específicas esté una concepción de que el cuidado a los familiares en CAPs AD es lo mismo y no depende de las peculiaridades de cada material psicoactivo. La segunda hipótesis parte del hecho de que la constante amenaza de aniquilación de los CAPs AD y consecuente lucha para su sobrevivencia comprometería investigaciones al desarrollo de intervenciones todavía más especializadas. Finalmente, la hipótesis de que la mayor demanda de atención a usuarios de más de una sustancia desestructuraría la proposición de intervenciones con familiares de dependientes de alcohol. Se espera que este estudio contribuya a la elaboración de intervenciones específicas a las necesidades de ese público.


Subject(s)
Family , Alcoholism , Family Therapy , Mental Health Services , Psychological Distress
15.
Article | IMSEAR | ID: sea-221416

ABSTRACT

The COVID-19 was first observed in patients in Wuhan, China, in 2019 and it widely infected people across the world thereafter. In March 2020, World Health Organization declared it as a global pandemic. Patients admitted to intensive care units are prone to developing mental illnesses; in addition, patients in the COVID Intensive care unit were at a disadvantage as they had to be kept separated from family members due to the contagious nature of their illness. Moreover, communication with medical staff was difficult due to protective equipment worn by the health care workers as well as oxygen masks and tubes assisting the patients. In this study done in year 2020 to 2022, we tried to find out the impact that intensive care unit admission in the COVID intensive care unit had on the mental health of the patients. In our study, we found that a significant number of patients developed psychiatric morbidity after discharge from the COVID intensive care unit.

16.
Medwave ; 23(4): e2586, 31-05-2023.
Article in English, Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1436225

ABSTRACT

Introducción Los hospitales de día ofrecen atención especializada a usuarios con patologías psiquiátricas graves. Las actividades grupales habituales del hospital de día han demostrado efectividad en población infanto-juvenil. Existen importantes limitaciones de acceso a estos servicios y una forma de ampliar la cobertura es a través de la atención telemática. Sin embargo, no existen estudios sobre atención telemática de hospital de día en Chile. El presente estudio es parte de la fase preparatoria de un futuro ensayo clínico aleatorizado para investigar la efectividad de la adaptación telemática de las intervenciones de un hospital de día. Objetivos Explorar la percepción y experiencia subjetiva de los participantes de la versión piloto de dicha intervención identificando temáticas centrales, y evaluar la satisfacción de los participantes con la intervención. Métodos De los 13 usuarios de las actividades grupales telemáticas, 10 participaron en este estudio. Se realizaron entrevistas semi-estructuradas y encuestas de satisfacción entre agosto de 2020 y enero de 2021. Las entrevistas fueron evaluadas utilizando análisis de contenido y las encuestas se realizaron con estadísticas descriptivas. Resultados Se aprecia una especial valoración de los participantes por las interacciones sociales positivas (con pares y terapeutas). Aparece una percepción general de haber mejorado en habilidades socioemocionales y estado de ánimo. La implementación telemática resultó satisfactoria para la mayoría de los participantes, quienes proponen agregar actividades que promuevan interacciones más profundas con sus pares. Conclusiones Los elementos centrales de esta intervención serían la percepción de apoyo social (posible mecanismo terapéutico), junto con la sensación de mejorar las habilidades sociales y el estado de ánimo (posible resultado principal).


Introduction Outpatient centers offer specialized care to users with severe psychiatric disorders. The usual group activities of outpatient centers have been shown to be effective in the child and adolescent population. There are significant access limitations to these services and one way to expand coverage is through digital care. However, there are no studies on digital outpatient care services in Chile. The present study is part of the preparatory phase of a future randomized clinical trial to investigate the effectiveness of digital adaptation of outpatient centers interventions. Objectives To explore the experience and subjective perception of the pilot intervention participants by identifying central themes, and to evaluate the participant's satisfaction regarding the intervention. Methods Of the 13 users of the digital group activities, 10 participated in this study. Semi-structured interviews and satisfaction surveys were conducted between August 2020 and January 2021. The interviews were evaluated using content analysis and the surveys were conducted using descriptive statistics. Conclusions Results Participants were particularly appreciative of positive social interactions (with peers and therapists). There is a general perception of having improved socioemotional skills and mood. The digital implementation was satisfactory for most participants, who suggested adding activities that promote deeper interactions with their peers. The core elements of this intervention would be the perception of social support (a possible therapeutic mechanism), along with the feeling of improved social skills and mood (possible main outcome).

17.
Article | IMSEAR | ID: sea-225535

ABSTRACT

Background: Nearly one third of people who suffer major psychiatric disorders end up with a long- term disability and dependency. They are most likely to be non-adherent to medication due to various reasons including lack of knowledge or insight about their illness and treatment which in turn leads to exacerbation of their illness, reduce treatment effectiveness, or make them less responsive to subsequent treatment, multiple hospitalizations and poor quality of life. Materials and methods: A cross sectional study was carried out in outpatients attending the Psychiatry OPD using the consecutive sampling technique. Subjects meeting the ICD-10 Diagnostic criteria for psychiatric disorders, age 18 year and above, subjects willing to participate in the study were included. A structured proforma, the Drug attitude inventory and the WHO-QOL-BREF questionnaires were used for assessment. Results: Mean age of subjects = 38.07 + 11.07 years. Mean medication cost = Rs. 917.82 + 397.89. 87 subjects participated in the study and of them 48% were adherent to medication and 52% were non-adherent. 56% of males and 43% females were adherent to medication. There was significant association between the occupation and the type of family of the subjects and medication adherence (p<0.05). Majority of patients with medication non-adherence were seen in schizophrenia, delusional disorder, bipolar disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder and substance related disorder. Majority (44.5%) of them reported fear of side effects, followed by stopping the medication when feeling better (35.5%) as the reasons for non-adherence followed by cost, embarrassment, etc. There was significant association between the psychological and social quality of life and medication adherence (p<0.05). Conclusions: This study implicates the importance of psycho education about the diagnosis, prognosis, need for medication and the expected adverse effects which should be clearly explained to the patient. The therapeutic alliance is the most effective component in helping the patient maintain medication adherence and subsequently better quality of life.

18.
Salud UNINORTE ; 39(1)abr. 2023.
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1536841

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Este estudio tuvo por objetivo analizar el nivel de estrés laboral y percepción del estado de salud del equipo de enfermería de las unidades de psiquiatría y establecimientos de salud mental dependientes de un hospital de alta complejidad de Chile, sustentado teóricamente a partir del modelo de sistemas de Betty Neuman. Materiales y métodos: Esta investigación empleó un diseño transeccional, correlacional de tipo cuantitativo. Se encuestó a 88 funcionarios del equipo de enfermería de las unidades mencionadas anteriormente. Se utilizaron tres instrumentos para la recolección de información: "Antecedentes personales y laborales", "Cuestionario de Salud General de 12 preguntas (GHQ-12)" y "Cuestionario de Síntomas Psicosomáticos de Estrés de Cooper (CSPS)", destinados a recolectar los datos biosociodemográficos y síntomas relacionados con la carga laboral. Resultados: Entre los resultados destaca que las variables estadísticamente significativas son el número de licencias médicas en los últimos 12 meses, el tipo de licencias médicas y el estado de salud percibido en los últimos 6 meses, respecto a lo cual, el 45,5 % de los participantes refirió no haber presentado licencias médicas en el último año, y el 9,1% ha presentado entre 4 a 6, predominando las enfermedades agudas, con un 27,3 %, y las psiquiátricas, con 13,6 %.Y en relación con el cuestionario GHQ-12, un 28,4 % presentó un alto nivel de estrés laboral; en cambio, el CSPS arrojó que un 51,1 % manifestó un alto nivel de estrés. Conclusión: Se concluyó que aquellos participantes que perciben un buen estado de salud tienen bajo nivel de estrés laboral, mientras que los individuos que presentan un estado de salud regular tienen alto nivel de estrés. Del mismo modo, aquellos sujetos que confirmaron entre 4 a 6 licencias médicas manifestaron alto nivel de estrés laboral y los individuos que no declararon licencias, bajo nivel de estrés.


Objetive: The following study had the aim to analyze the stress level and health status perceptions of the nursery staff from psychiatric units dependent on a High complexity hospital from Chile. Te previous was theoretically supported by Betty Neuman systems model. Materials and Methods: Te research presented a quantitative transactional correlational design. Te population surveyed was 88 people from the nursery staff mentioned above. With regard to the gathered information, three instruments were applied: "Personal and working background", a "Twelve-question General Health questionnaire (GHQ-12)" and "Stress psychosomatic symptoms questionnaire by Cooper (CSPS)". Te mentioned instruments were applied for collecting biosociodemographic data and symptoms related to workload. Results: Some of the most outstanding results highlight that the most statistically meaningful variables are: (1) the great amount of medical leaves during the last 12 months; (2) the type of medical leaves and the health status perceived during the last 6 months, where 45,5 % of the staff have not presented any medical leave during the last year, and the 9,1 % of the participants have presented from 4 to 6 medical leaves. Some of the most prevalent medical absence were severe illnesses with 27,3 %, followed by psychiatric medical leaves with 13,6 %. With regard to the GHQ-12 questionnaire, 28,4 % of the staff presented a high level of stress due to work. Otherwise, the CSPS reflected that 51,1 % of the participants show a high level stress. Conclusion: As a conclusion, those participants who presented a good health status have a low stress level at work, meanwhile, the participants who have a decreased health status presented higher levels of stress at work. In the same way, those participants who have presented between 4 to 6 medical leaves, mentioned a high level of stress at work, and the participants who have not presented medical leaves pointed lower stress levels.

19.
Cogitare Enferm. (Online) ; 28: e88194, Mar. 2023. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, BDENF | ID: biblio-1514040

ABSTRACT

RESUMO Objetivo: analisar a produção do conhecimento na literatura científica sobre a constituição da identidade profissional em enfermeiras que atuam no campo da saúde mental. Método: revisão integrativa da literatura por meio do portal da Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde em quatro bases de dados: Lilacs, Scielo, PubMed e BDENF. Elencaram-se como critérios de elegibilidade artigos originais completos publicados no período de 2017-2022, nos idiomas inglês, português ou espanhol. Resultados: a amostra foi composta por 18 estudos agrupados em duas categorias temáticas. Os resultados versam sobre as (in)definições do processo de trabalho das enfermeiras que atuam no campo da saúde mental e a respeito da fragmentação do cuidado e de suas implicações na constituição desta identidade profissional. Conclusão: as enfermeiras desempenham papéis diversificados no cotidiano de trabalho, o que contribui para uma compreensão insuficiente acerca de seu escopo de atribuições e impacta diretamente na percepção de sua identidade profissional.


ABSTRACT Objective: to analyze the production of knowledge in the scientific literature on the constitution of professional identity in nurses working in the field of mental health. Method: integrative literature review through the Virtual Health Library portal in four databases: Lilacs, Scielo, PubMed and BDENF. The eligibility criteria were full original articles published from 2017-2022 in English, Portuguese, or Spanish. Results: the sample was composed of 18 studies grouped into two thematic categories. The results are about the (in)definitions of the work process of nurses working in the mental health field, and about the fragmentation of care and its implications for the constitution of this professional identity. Conclusion: nurses play diversified roles in their daily work, which contributes to an insufficient understanding of their scope of attributions and directly impacts the perception of their professional identity.


RESUMEN Objetivo: analizar la producción de conocimiento en la literatura científica sobre la constitución de la identidad profesional en enfermeros que trabajan en el campo de la salud mental. Método: revisión integradora de la literatura a través del portal Biblioteca Virtual en Salud en cuatro bases de datos: Lilacs, Scielo, PubMed y BDENF. Se eligieron como criterios de elegibilidad los artículos originales completos publicados en el período 2017-2022, en inglés, portugués o español. Resultados: La muestra se compuso de 18 estudios agrupados en dos categorías temáticas. Los resultados versan sobre las (in)definiciones del proceso de trabajo de las enfermeras que trabajan en el ámbito de la salud mental y sobre la fragmentación de los cuidados y sus implicaciones para la constitución de esta identidad profesional. Conclusión: las enfermeras desempeñan funciones diversificadas en su trabajo diario, lo que contribuye a una comprensión insuficiente de su ámbito de atribuciones y repercute directamente en la percepción de su identidad profesional.


Subject(s)
Psychiatric Nursing , Mental Health
20.
Rev. colomb. psiquiatr ; 52(1)mar. 2023.
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1536121

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Caracterizar el impacto de la pandemia por COVID-19 en las internaciones psiquiátricas en la región de América Latina y el Caribe. Métodos: Estudio descriptivo. Se realizaron 85 entrevistas semiestructuradas con trabajadores de hospitales generales (HG) y hospitales especializados (HE) en salud mental en 18 países de la región de América Latina y el Caribe entre el 8 de mayo y el 30 de junio de 2020. Los datos se analizaron cuantitativa y cualitativamente. Resultados: Se reporta una disminución inicial en la demanda de internación, atribuida al temor de la población a acercarse a los servicios, así como a restricciones en la movilidad. Se indican criterios más estrictos para internar con una doble focalización de lo agudo dentro de lo agudo. Los tiempos de internación presentaron un comportamiento mixto, tanto de aumento como de disminución en HG y en HE. La oferta terapéutica durante la internación se vio drásticamente reducida, y se restringió la interacción de las personas internadas con sus redes de apoyo. Conclusiones: La internación pareciera estar siendo no la última, sino la única alternativa de tratamiento psiquiátrico en el contexto de la pandemia. La reducción de camas en los HE podría ser un aspecto positivo para la reforma de la atención, pero es puesto en duda, ya que dicha reducción también se produce en los HG.


Objetive: To characterise the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on psychiatric hospitalisations in the Latin American and Caribbean (LAC) region. Methods: Descriptive study. 85 semi-structured interviews were conducted with health workers involved with psychiatric hospitalizations in general hospitals (GHs) and specialised psychiatric hospitals (SHs) from 18 LAC countries. The interviews were done between 8 May and 30 June 2020. The data were analysed quantitatively and qualitatively. Results: An initial decrease in the demand for hospitalization is reported, attributed to the population's fear of approaching health services as well as restrictions on mobility. Stricter criteria for hospitalization were reported with a double focus on the acute within the acute. The length of hospitalizations were mixed, with both increases and decreases in GHs and SHs. The therapeutic offer was drastically reduced, and interaction between hospitalised people and their support networks was restricted. Conclusions: In the COVID-19 context, hospitalization seems to be not the last but the only alternative for psychiatric treatment. The decrease in the number of beds in SHs could be a positive aspect for the reform of psychiatric care, but it is questioned since this reduction also occurs in GHs.

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