Effect of online acceptance and commitment therapy group intervention on psychological flexibility of undergraduate students with facial negative physical self / 中华行为医学与脑科学杂志

Objective:To investigate the effect of online acceptance and commitment therapy(ACT) group intervention on psychological flexibility of undergraduate students with facial negative physical self.Methods:From March to June 2022, thirty-two undergraduates with facial negative physical self-image were recruited, assessed and selected from a university in Zhejiang Province.The subjects were randomly divided into the training group( n=16) and the control group( n=16). The training group received 20 days of online ACT group intervention, while the control group kept waiting.The cognitive fusion questionnaire(CFQ), acceptance and action questionnaire version Ⅱ(AAQ-Ⅱ) and negative physical self scale-face(NPSS-F) were used to measure the two groups before and after intervention and 1 month after intervention.Repeated measurement analysis of variance(ANOVA) conducted was used to compare scale results with SPSS 26.0. Results:(1)The interaction effect between group and time of CFQ scores was statistically significant( F(1.625, 48.755)=4.316, P=0.025, ηp2=0.126). After intervention, the CFQ score of the training group was significantly lower than those of the control group(34.38±8.66, 40.94±8.82, P<0.05). The CFQ scores of the training group after intervention and 1 month after intervention(36.00±9.49) were both significantly lower than those before intervention(41.87±8.72, all P<0.05). (2)The interaction effect between group and time of AAQ-Ⅱ scores was marginally statistically significant( F(2, 29)=3.009, P=0.065, ηp2=0.172). After intervention, the AAQ-Ⅱ score of the training group was significantly lower than those of the control group(24.12±4.97, 28.69±6.78, P<0.05). The AAQ-Ⅱ score of the training group after intervention was significantly lower than those before intervention(28.75±6.11, P<0.05). (3)The interaction effect between group and time of NPSS-F scores was not statistically significant( F(2, 29)=1.509, P=0.238, ηp2=0.094), while the main effect of time was marginally statistically significant between the two groups( F(2, 29)=3.315, P=0.051, ηp2=0.186). The NPSS-F score of the training group after intervention was significantly lower than those before intervention(16.06±6.67, 18.81±7.85, P<0.05). Conclusion:Online ACT group intervention can effectively reduce the cognitive fusion and experiential avoidance of undergraduate students with facial negative physical self, then can improve their psychological flexibility.

Relationship between self-esteem and mental health of medical students: mediating effect of psychological flexibility / 中华医学教育探索杂志

Objective:To explore the relation among self-esteem, psychological flexibility and mental health in medical students, and to provide scientific reference for mental health education for medical students.Methods:A total of 788 medical students selected from a medical university in Chongqing City were investigated with the symptom checklist 90 (SCL-90), self-esteem scale (SES), acceptance and action questionnaire-Ⅱ (AAQ-Ⅱ), and cognitive fusion questionnaire-fusion (CFQ-F). SPSS 22.0 software was used for statistical analysis. T test, ANOVA, correlation analysis and tests for mediation effects were conducted. Results:There were significant differences in self-esteem and mental health level among medical students in gender and different grades ( t=-2.55, P<0.05; F=6.53, P<0.05). Mental health, self-esteem and psychological flexibility of medical students were correlated in pairs ( r=-0.528-0.694, P<0.01). Psychological flexibility played a partial mediation role between self-esteem and mental health of medical students, and the mediating effect accounted for 60.03% of the total effect. Conclusion:Self-esteem can directly predict the mental health of medical students, and can also indirectly affect mental health through psychological flexibility. Medical universities should carry out psychological education and promotion work with pertinence.

The influence of acceptance and commitment therapy on the psychological flexibility, self-compassion, anxiety and depression of the primary caregivers of patients with primary liver cancer / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective:To explore the intervention effect of acceptance and commitment therapy on the psychological flexibility, self-compassion, anxiety and depression of the primary caregivers of patients with primary liver cancer, so as to provide reference for the clinical care of the primary caregivers of cancer patients.Methods:This was a prospective study. A total of 80 primary caregivers of patients with primary liver cancer treated in Tianyou Hospital Affiliated to Wuhan University of Science and Technology from July to December 2021 were selected as the observation objects, and they were randomly divided into the control group and the intervention group according to the random drawing method, with 40 cases in each group. The control group was given routine nursing measures, while the intervention group was given acceptance and commitment therapy on the basis of routine nursing. The intervention effect was evaluated by the Acceptance and Action Questionnaire-2nd Edition (AAQ-Ⅱ), Self-Compassion Scale Short-Form (SCS-SF) and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) before the intervention, on the day of discharge, and one month after discharge.Results:Finally, 71 primary caregivers completed the intervention and follow-up, 36 in the control group and 35 in the intervention group. Before the intervention, there was no statistically significant difference in the scores of AAQ-Ⅱ, SCS-SF, Anxiety subscale of HADS(HADS-A) and Depression subscale of HADS(HADS-D) between the two groups ( P>0.05). The AAQ-Ⅱscores of the intervention group on the day of discharge and one month after discharge were (19.63±2.59), (19.12 ± 2.20) points, which were significantly lower than those of the control group (23.14 ± 2.49), (22.56 ± 2.40) points. The differences were statistically significant ( t=5.83, 6.25, both P<0.01). The SCS-SF scores of the intervention group on the day of discharge and one month after discharge were (39.34 ± 2.68), (39.89 ± 2.81) points, which were significantly higher than those of the control group (36.69 ± 3.08), (37.72 ± 2.41) points, the differences were statistically significant ( t=-3.86, -3.49, both P<0.01). The HADS-A/HADS-D scores of the intervention group on the day of discharge and one month after discharge were (9.31 ± 1.95), (9.09 ± 1.60) points and (8.80 ± 2.15), (8.54 ± 1.75) points,which were significantly lower than those of the control group(11.42 ± 1.50), (11.03 ± 1.70) points and (10.11 ± 1.92), (10.03 ± 1.84) points, the differences were statistically significant( t values were 2.71-5.10, all P<0.01). The scores of AAQ-Ⅱ, SCS-SF, HADS-A and HADS-D of the two groups were analyzed by repeated measures analysis of variance, and there were significant differences in time effect, inter-group effect and interaction effect ( F vaules were 3.42-37.90, all P<0.05). Conclusions:Acceptance and commitment therapy can improve the self-compassion and psychological flexibility, reduce anxiety and depression of the primary caregivers of patients with primary liver cancer.

The Iranian form of psychometric properties of the Multidimensional Psychological Flexibility Inventory

The Multidimensional Psychological Flexibility Inventory (MPFI) is a new 60-item self-report scale developed to assess the specific components of psychological flexibility and inflexibility proposed in the Hexaflex model of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT). The present study sought to examine the psychometric properties of the Persian version of the MPFI-60 in a community sample of 307 Iranian adults. The original study supported a 12-factor second-order structure consisting of 6 dimensions for psychological flexibility and 6 dimensions for psychological inflexibility. The Persian MPFI-60 demonstrated acceptable semantic and test content, internal structure, correlations with other variables, and internal consistency. It also evidenced in relation to anxiety, stress, depression, and self-compassion. Overall, the results indicate that the Persian MPFI-60 is a psychometrically sound measure in the Iranian context that enables researchers and clinicians to comprehensively assess the components of psychological flexibility and inflexibility within the Hexaflex model. (AU)

Efficacy of a single-session online ACT-based mindfulness intervention among undergraduates in lockdown during the COVID-19 pandemic

Abstract Introduction COVID-19 has trickle-down psychological effects on multiple strata of society, particularly university students. Apart from the worry of contracting or spreading COVID-19, Malaysian university students were also locked down on their campuses, suffering significant psychological distress. Hence, an online mindfulness intervention was proposed to alleviate psychological distress and improve psychological flexibility and mindfulness. Methods This was a quasi-experimental study with university students as participants. Intervention group participants were instructed to complete online questionnaires which covered basic demographics and instruments assessing depression, anxiety, stress, mindfulness, psychological flexibility, and fear of COVID-19 before and after the one-hour intervention. The control group also completed before and after questionnaires and were subsequently crossed over to the intervention group. Repeated measures ANOVA was conducted to assess time*group effects. Results 118 participants were involved in this study. There were significant differences in anxiety (F(1,116) = 34.361, p < 0.001, partial eta-squared = 0.229) and psychological flexibility between the two groups (F(1,116) = 11.010, p = 0.001, partial eta-squared = 0.087), while there were no differences in depression, stress, mindfulness, or fear of COVID-19. Conclusion The results of this study corroborate the efficacy of online single-session mindfulness therapy as a viable short-term psychological intervention under financial and time constraints. Since university students are in the age group with the highest incidence of depressive and anxiety disorders, it is crucial to utilize resources to address as many students as possible to ensure maximum benefit.

Efficacy of acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) on depression, pain acceptance, and psychological flexibility in married women with breast cancer: a pre- and post-test clinical trial

Abstract Objective: Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women worldwide. Many of these patients suffer from multiple psychological symptoms. The present study aimed to investigate the impact of acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) on depression, pain acceptance, and psychological flexibility in married women with breast cancer. Methods: The present study was a pre- and post-test clinical trial with intervention and control groups. The research population consisted of women with breast cancer referred to the Ayatollah Yasrebi and Shahid Beheshti Hospitals in Kashan in 2018. Through a purposive sampling method, 40 women were selected and randomly divided into two groups, namely, intervention (n = 20) and control (n = 20). The applied tools included the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21), Chronic Pain Acceptance Questionnaire 8 (CPAQ-8), and Acceptance and Action Questionnaire - II (AAQ-II). Data were analyzed by SPSS 16 using descriptive statistics and analysis of variance (ANOVA). Results: The results showed that ACT treatment significantly reduced the mean scores of depression compared to the control group (F = 107.72, p < 0.001). The mean scores of pain acceptance (F = 9.58, p < 0.05) and psychological flexibility (F = 10.61, p < 0 .05) significantly increased in comparison with the control group. Conclusion: ACT can be considered as an effective therapeutic approach to reduce depression and increase pain acceptance and psychological flexibility in women with breast cancer. These changes appear to be due to improved acceptance of thoughts and feelings associated with cancer and increased psychological flexibility, which is the primary goal of ACT treatment. Clinical trial registration: Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (IRCT), IRCT20190518043620N1.

Evitación experiencial en el contexto de la contingencia sanitaria por covid-19 / Experiential avoidance in the context of the health contingency by covid-19

Resumen La actual contingencia sanitaria producto del COVID-19 esta impactado significativamente la vida de las personas en todo el mundo, teniendo repercusiones no solo a nivel físico sino también a nivel psicológico. Diversas organizaciones e investigadores a nivel nacional e internacional han llamado la atención sobre las consecuencias a nivel de salud mental que podrían evidenciarse en el corto, mediano y largo plazo. En este contexto, puede evidenciarse la presencia y cronificación de patrones de evitación experiencial a nivel general, en la medida que las personas invierten tiempo y energía en controlar, disminuir, o cambiar sus pensamientos, emociones y sensaciones desagradables frente a la pandemia, el coronavirus-2019 y/o todos los significados que surgen en cada persona. La evitación experiencial o rigidez psicológica puede prolongar el sufrimiento y tener un gran costo psicológico, por lo que la alternativa a este patrón comportamental podría encontrarse en la flexibilidad psicológica.

Abstract The current health contingency resulting from COVID-19 is having a significant impact on the lives of people around the world, having repercussions not only on a physical level but also on a psychological level. Various organizations and researchers at national and international level have drawn attention to the consequences at the mental health level that could be evident in the short, medium and long term. In this context, the presence and chronification of patterns of experiential avoidance can be evidenced at a general level, to the extent that people invest time and energy in controlling, reducing, or changing their unpleasant thoughts, emotions and sensations in the face of the pandemic, the coronavirus-2019 and/or all the meanings that arise in each person. Experiential avoidance or psychological rigidity can prolong suffering and have a great psychological cost, so the alternative to this behavioral pattern could be found in psychological fexibility.

The effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy for social anxiety disorder: a randomized clinical trial

Abstract Objective Acceptance and commitment therapy has been used to treat anxiety disorders recently. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy for psychological symptoms in students with social anxiety disorder, including difficulty in emotion regulation, psychological flexibility based on experiential avoidance, self-compassion, and external shame. Methods This study was a semi-experimental clinical trial. Twenty four students with social anxiety disorder were randomly divided into two groups after initial evaluations: an experimental group (12 subjects) and a control group (12 subjects). The experimental group received 12 treatment sessions based on a protocol of acceptance and commitment therapy for anxiety disorders, and the control group was put on a waiting list. Self-Compassion (SCS), Difficulty in Emotion Regulation (DERS), External Shame (ESS), Social Anxiety (SPIN), and Acceptance and Action (AAQ-II) questionnaires were used to assess participants. Data were analyzed using SPSS. Results Acceptance and commitment therapy was shown to be effective at the post-test and follow up stages for reducing external shame, social anxiety, and difficulty in emotion regulation and its components, and for increasing psychological flexibility and self-compassion (p < 0.05). The largest effect size of treatment was for increase of psychological flexibility and the lowest efficacy was for the components "difficulty in impulse control" and "limited access to emotional strategies" at the post-test and follow-up stages, respectively. Conclusion Acceptance and commitment therapy may be an appropriate psychological intervention for reducing the symptoms of students with social anxiety disorder and helping them to improve psychological flexibility. Emotion and related problems can be identified as one of the main targets of this treatment. Clinical trial registration: Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials, IRCT20180421039369N1.

Application of acceptance and commitment therapy in eating disorders / 中华行为医学与脑科学杂志

Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) aims at correctly recognizing the different sides of life, accepting its inevitable pain, defining its true value and committing to action.Its ultimately aim is to improve psychological flexibility and lead a more fulfilling and meaningful life.Patients with Eating Disorders (ED) often have personality characteristics such as experiential avoidance, rigid behavior, and lack of motivation.Therefore, Acceptance and Commitment Therapy is particularly suitable for patients with Eating Disorders.This article make a brief overview of the ACT firstly, then introduces the definition, epidemiology and etiology of ED.By reviewing the relevant literatures on the use of ACT in the treatment of ED in recent years, we point out the advantages of using ACT and the possible mechanism of ACT in the treatment of ED, the future research directions and issues needing attention.

Analysis of the relationship between the psychological resilience of newly-served nurses and the change-oriented leadership behavior of head nurses / 中国基层医药

Objective@#To analyze the correlation between the psychological flexibility of newly recruited nurses and the change leadership behavior of head nurses, so as to guide nursing managers to strengthen management and improve the quality of nursing care of new nursing staff.@*Methods@#From May 2017 to April 2018, 80 new nursing staff were surveyed using the psychological resilience scale and the change leadership style, and their correlation was analyzed.@*Results@#According to the statistics, the total score of psychological reinforcement of new nursing staff was (2.74±0.52)points, the overall level was not high, and the head nurses' change leadership behavior and various dimension scores were positively correlated with the nursing staff's psychological elasticity score (r=0.240, P<0.05).@*Conclusion@#Nursing managers should give full play to the role of the head nurses' transformational leadership behavior, so as to act on the psychological flexibility of nursing staff and improve the overall level of care.

The relationship among psychological flexibility, coping style and job burnout of nurses / 中华行为医学与脑科学杂志

Objective To explore the relationship among psychological flexibility,coping style and job burnout of nurses.Methods A total of 694 nurses from one district level grade A tertiary general hospital in Yunnan were assessed using acceptance and action questionnaire 2nd edition (AAQ-Ⅱ),simplified coping style questionnaire (SCSQ) and nursing burnout scale (NBS).The relationship among psychological flexibility,coping style and job burnout of nurses was analyzed using structural equation model and Bootstrap test.Results (1) Correlation analysis showed that the total scores of AAQ-Ⅱ (21.81 ± 8.23),job burnout (22.71 ± 6.60) and its three dimensions including emotional exhaustion (8.93 ± 2.87),depersonalization (6.64±2.30)as well as reduced personal accomplishment(7.14±2.52) were positively correlated with negative coping dimension of coping style (10.86±4.99) (r=0.324-0.510,all P＜0.01),while negatively correlated with positive coping dimension(26.44±5.86) (r=-0.102--0.143,all P＜0.01).(2) Structural equation model analysis showed that positive and negative coping dimension had partial mediating effects on the relationship between psychological flexibility and job burnout (x2/df=2.30,GFI =0.91,AGFI =0.90,NFI=0.90,IFI=0.93,TLI=0.92,CFI=0.93,RMSEA=0.04).(3) Bootstrap test showed that the mediating effect sizes for positive and negative coping were 3.8％ and 8.9％ respectively and totally mediating effect size of coping style was 12.7％.Psychological flexibility had much larger effects on job burnout,and the direct effect size was 87.3％.Conclusion Coping style plays a mediating role in the relationship between psychological flexibility and job burnout,but its effect is less important.Psychological flexibility plays a major role and more directly influences on job burnout.

Effects of acceptance and commitment therapy on behavioral problems of children:mediating role of parental psychological flexibility and marriage quality / 中华行为医学与脑科学杂志

Objective To explore the mechanism of parents' psychological flexibility and marriage quality on children's behavioral problems and to provide theoretical basis for the use of the acceptance and commitment therapy(ACT) to intervene children's behavioral problems.Methods Acceptance and action questionnaire-second edition(AAQ-Ⅱ),the cognitive fusion questionnaire (CFQ),the child behavior rating scale (CBRS),evaluating & nurturing relationship issues,communication,happiness (ENRICH) were used to investigate the parents of 310 pupils.Results (1) There were significant differences between father and mother in the total score of marriage(father(120.59±18.25) vs mother(129.65±21.61),P＜0.01),the score of children and marriage (father (29.80± 5.80) vs mother (33.26 ± 6.14)),the score of communication between husband and wife (father(28.75±6.48) vs mother(31.56±7.23)),and the score of experiential avoidance(father(21.48±9.85) vs mother(18.48±9.40)) and cognitive fusion scale (father (32.20± 12.46) vs mother(27.23± 13.70)) (P＜0.05).(2)The experiential avoidance of parents,the cognitive fusion of parents,the total score of marriage and subscales were significantly related to children's behavior problems (r=-0.35-0.81,P＜0.05 or 0.01).(3) The quality of marriage played a part intermediary role in the relationship between the two aspects of parents'psychological flexibility (experiential avoidance and cognitive fusion) and children behavior problems.The mediating effect was 32％ and 22.58％ respectively.Conclusion The psychological flexibility of parents can not only directly affect the behavior problems of children,but also affect the behavior problems of children through the quality of marriage as an intermediary variable.It can provide a new theoretical basis and effective methods to intervene and correct children behaviors problems.

A preliminary study of validity and reliability of the Chinese version of the Parental Psychological Flexibility Questionnaire / 中国心理卫生杂志

Objective:To revise the Chinese version of the Parental Psychological Flexibility Questionnaire (PPFQ) and test its validity and reliability.Methods:Totally 1015 parents from 2 primary school of Beijing were recruited and asked to complete the Chinese version of PPFQ.Item analysis was conducted to identify valid items.The parents were randomly allocated into two groups where one subset (n =510) was used for exploratory factor analysis (EFA),and the other (n =505) for confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and discriminant validity.In addition,responses of 389 participants selected by simple random sampling was assessed in criterion validity with the Cognitive Fusion Questionnaire (CFQ),Acceptance and Action Questionnaire-Second Edition (AAQ-Ⅱ]),Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS),Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS),Mindful Attention Awareness Scale (MAAS),Trait Coping Style Questionnaire(TCSQ) and Conners Child Behavior Rating Scale (CBRS).Seven weeks later,225 of the participants were retested.Results:The exploratory factor analysis extracted 3 components,and explained 58.1％ of the total variance.The factor loading of items ranged between 0.63 and 0.86.The confirmatory factor analysis verified the 3-factors model (x2/df=1.77,NFI =0.94,IFI =0.97,GFI =0.96,TLI =0.96,CFI =0.97,RMSEA =0.04).Discriminant validity testing demonstrated the three revised factors had adequate discriminant validity in relation to one another (Ps ＜ 0.01).Criterion validity results showed that the total and subscale scores of the PPFQ were negatively correlated with the scores of CFQ,AAQ-Ⅱ,SAS,SDS,TCSQ-NC,CBRS (r =-0.16--0.52,Ps ＜ 0.01),and were positively correlated with the scores of MAAS,TCSQ-PC (r =0.14-0.37,Ps ＜ 0.01).The total and subscale scores of the PPFQ demonstrated good internal consistency Cronbach's α were 0.77-0.86 and test-retest reliability coefficient were 0.55-0.75.Conclusion:It suggests tthe validity and reliability of the adapted Chinese version of the Parental Psychological Flexibility Questionnaire be satisfactory,and could be used in the clinical and research work in China.

The Predictive and Moderating role of Psychological Flexibility in the Development of Job Burnout / El rol predictivo y moderadores de la flexibilidad psicológica en el burnout

Abstract Recent research has found that psychological flexibility, the key construct of the Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) model of mental health and behavioral effectiveness, is related to, and longitudinally predicts, a wide range of work-related outcomes. Less research, however, has been dedicated to explore the role of psychological flexibility as a protecting factor for the development of burnout syndrome. The current study examined whether: (a) general psychological flexibility and work-related psychological flexibility accounted for additional variance in burnout symptoms relative to work factors and other work-related constructs such as work engagement, work satisfaction, and psychological empowerment; and (b) work-related psychological flexibility moderated the relationship between exhaustion and cynicism. A cross-sectional study was conducted with 209 Spanish workers from different companies who completed questionnaires assessing the constructs of interest. Hierarchical regression analyses showed that psychological flexibility and work-related psychological flexibility accounted for additional variance in burnout symptoms. The moderator analysis showed that the relationship between exhaustion and cynicism was higher among participants with low levels of work-related psychological flexibility as compared to participants with high levels. These results suggest that interventions aiming to increase psychological flexibility might prevent the development of burnout syndrome.

Resumen La investigación ha mostrado que la flexibilidad psicológica, el constructo central del modelo de salud mental y eficacia conductual de la terapia de aceptación y compromiso (ACT), está relacionada y predice longitudinalmente un amplio rango de variables relacionadas con el trabajo. Menor grado de investigación se ha dedicado a explorar el rol de la flexibilidad psicológica como factor protector del desarrollo del síndrome de burnout. El presente estudio analizó si: (a) la flexibilidad psicológica general y la flexibilidad psicológica relacionada con el trabajo explicaban varianza adicional de los síntomas de burnout comparado con factores laborales y constructos como compromiso laboral, satisfacción laboral y empoderamiento psicológico; y (b) la flexibilidad psicológica relacionada con el trabajo moderaba la relación entre agotamiento y cinismo. Se realizó un estudio transversal con 209 trabajadores españoles de diferentes empresas que completaron cuestionarios que miden los constructos de interés. El análisis de regresión jerárquica mostró que la flexibilidad psicológica general y la flexibilidad psicológica relacionada con el trabajo explicaron varianza adicional de los síntomas de burnout. El análisis de moderación mostró que la relación entre agotamiento y cinismo fue mayor entre los participantes con niveles bajos de flexibilidad psicológica relacionada con el trabajo comparado con los participantes con niveles altos. Los resultados sugieren que las intervenciones que tienen como objetivo incrementar la flexibilidad psicológica podrían prevenir el desarrollo del síndrome de burnout.

Psychometric properties of the Cognitive Fusion Questionnaire in Colombia / Propiedades psicosométricas del Cuestionario de Fusión Cognitiva en Colombia

Abstract The Cognitive Fusion Questionnaire (CFQ) is a recently published measure of cogni tive fusion - a key construct in the model of psychopathology of acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT). This study presents the psychometric properties and factor structure data of a Spanish translation of the CFQ in Colombia. Three samples with a total of 1,763 participants were analyzed. The Spanish CFQ showed psychometric properties very similar to the ones obtained in the original version. Internal consistency across the different samples was good (Cronbach's alpha between .89 and .93). The one-factor model found in the original scale showed a good fit to the data. Measurement invariance was also found across sample and gen-der. The mean score of the clinical sample on the CFQ was significantly higher than the scores of the nonclinical samples. CFQ scores were significantly related to experiential avoidance, emotional symptoms, mindfulness, and life satisfaction. The CFQ was sensitive to the effects of a 1-session ACT intervention. This Spanish version of the CFQ shows good psychometric properties in Colombia.

Resumen El Cuestionario de Fusión Cognitiva (CFQ) es una medida de fusión cognitiva recientemente publicada; un constructo clave en el modelo de psicopatología de la terapia de aceptación y compromiso. El presente estudio muestra las propiedades psicométricas y estructura factorial de una traducción al español del CFQ en Colombia. Se analizaron tres muestras con Fusión cognitiva; Flexibilidad psicológica un total de 1763 participantes. La versión en español del CFQ mostró resultados muy similares a los obtenidos en la versión original. La consistencia interna a través de las distintas muestras fue buena (alfa de Cronbach entre .89 y .93). El modelo unifactorial encontrado en la escala original mostró un buen ajuste a los datos. Se encontró invarianza de la medida a través de muestras y sexo. La puntuación media de la muestra clínica en el CFQ fue significativamente mayor que las puntuaciones de las muestras no clínicas. Las puntuaciones en el CFQ estuvieron significativamente correlacionadas con evitación experiencial, síntomas emocionales, mindfulness y satisfacción vital. El CFQ fue sensible a los efectos de una intervención de terapia de aceptación y compromiso de una sesión. Esta versión en español del CFQ mostró buenas propiedades psicométricas en Colombia.

Flexibilidad psicológica y atención plena: analizando su valor añadido sobre los niveles de energía y motivación entre enfermeras procedentes de España y Cuba / Psychological flexibility and mindfulness: analyzing their added value on the levels of energy and motivation among nurses from Spain and Cuba

La energía y motivación de los profesionales de enfermería son fundamentales para su bienestar, para garantizar la calidad asistencial, así como la permanencia de los trabajadores dentro de las organizaciones con altos niveles de compromiso. El objetivo de este trabajo fue explorar el valor añadido que tenían dos recursos personales del propio trabajador: su flexibilidad psicológica y atención plena, sobre sus niveles de vigor y agotamiento emocional relacionados con el trabajo, así como sobre su vitalidad y fatiga, controlando previamente otras demandas y recursos laborales. En el estudio participaron un total de 171 profesionales de enfermería procedentes de España y 50 profesionales de Cuba (10.9% varones y 86.9% mujeres). Se realizaron análisis descriptivos, correlacionales, contraste de medias y análisis de regresión jerárquica. Los resultados revelaron que la flexibilidad psicológica explicaba una parte significativa de la varianza en las puntuaciones de vigor, vitalidad y fatiga, mientras que la atención plena explicaba de forma significativa una parte de la varianza del agotamiento emocional. Demandas laborales como la ambigüedad de rol y recursos laborales como la autonomía, también mostraron un efecto directo importante. Los resultados se discuten en términos de la importancia de incorporar estas variables en los planes de prevención y promoción de la salud dentro de las organizaciones sanitarias.

Nurses' energy and motivation are fundamental to explain their well-being, to guarantee the quality of care, as well as the permanence of the workers within organizations with high levels of job commitment. Thus, the main aim of this study was to explore the added value of two personal resources of the worker, their psychological flexibility and mindfulness, on their levels of vigor and emotional exhaustion at work, as well as on their levels of vitality and fatigue, previously controlling other job demands and job resources. The study involved a total of 171 nursing professionals from Spain and 50 professionals from Cuba (10.9% male and 86.9% female). Descriptive, correlational, mean contrasts and hierarchical regression analyses were performed. The results showed that psychological flexibility explained a significant portion of the variance in vigor, vitality, and fatigue scores, while mindfulness significantly explained a portion of the variance in emotional exhaustion. Job demands such as role ambiguity and job resources such as autonomy also showed a significant direct effect on the energy and motivation variables. The results are discussed in terms of the importance of considering these variables in health prevention and promotion plans within health organizations.

Psychological flexibility as a mediator between type-D personality and pathological internet use in u-niversity students / 中华行为医学与脑科学杂志

Objective To explore the mediating effect of psychological flexibility in the relationship between the two dimensions of type-D personality(negative affect and social inhibition)and pathological in-ternet use.Methods 592 university students were sampled from central China district and were adminis-tered with Adolescent Pathological Internet Use Scale(APIUS),Type-D personality scale(DS14)and Ac-ceptance and Action Questionnaire-Second Edition(AAQ-Ⅱ).Results Pathological internet use(2.56 ± 0.61)positively correlated with negative affect(1.58±0.78)and social inhibition(1.96±0.61)(r=0.37, 0.25)respectively,and negatively correlated with psychological flexibility(4.69±1.15)(r=-0.40).Path a-nalysis with latent variables showed psychological flexibility partially but significantly mediated the predictive effect of negative affect and social inhibition on pathological internet use.The mediation rates were 56% for negative affect and 62% for social inhibition.Conclusion Psychological flexibility has significant incremen-tal validity beyond two dimensions of type-D personality,and partially mediated the effect of negative affect and social inhibition on pathological internet use.These results suggest the intervention focus of PIU can be psychological flexibility.

Propriedades psicométricas iniciais do Acceptance and Action Questionnaire - II - versão brasileira / Initial psychometric properties of Acceptance and Action Questionnaire - II - Brazilian version / Propiedades psicométricas iniciales del Acceptance and Action Questionnaire - II - Versión Brasileña

O modelo de flexibilidade psicológica (FP) dispõe de evidências em diversos países, mas sua investigação no Brasil é limitada pela ausência de instrumentos adaptados. Esse estudo reúne evidências psicométricas de um instrumento de avaliação da FP, o Acceptance and Action Questionnaire-II, adaptado para o Brasil. Após tradução e adaptação, o instrumento foi respondido por 1.352 estudantes universitários, e parte da amostra também respondeu escalas de resiliência, saúde geral, depressão e ansiedade. Os resultados indicaram estrutura unidimensional e confiabilidade satisfatória. A FP dos homens foi superior à das mulheres e tendeu a aumentar de acordo com a idade. Também houve correlação positiva com resiliência e saúde geral, e negativa com depressão e ansiedade. As propriedades psicométricas foram satisfatórias, mas ainda devem ser avaliadas em amostras diversificadas. O instrumento parece adequado para uso tanto no estudo sobre mudança de comportamento quanto sobre mecanismos de mudança terapêutica...

Psychological flexibility (PF) model has extensive evidence in several countries but its research in Brazil is limited due to lack of suitable instruments. This study gathers psychometric evidence from an FP instrument, Acceptance and Action Questionnaire-II, adapted for Brazil. After translated and adapted, 1,352 college students filled it, and same subsamples also filled scales on resilience, general health, depression and anxiety. Results indicated unidimensional structure and satisfactory reliability. FP in males was superior to females and increased with aging. There was also a positive correlation with resiliency and overall health, and a negative one with depression and anxiety. Psychometric properties were satisfactory, but ought to be evaluated in diverse samples. The instrument seems suitable for use both in studying behavior change and mechanisms of therapeutic change...

El modelo de flexibilidad psicológica (FP) dispone de evidencias en diversos países, pero su investigación en Brasil es limitada por falta de instrumentos adaptados. Este estudio reúne evidencias psicométricas de un instrumento de evaluación de la FP, el Acceptance and Action Questionnaire-II, adaptado para Brasil. Tras la traducción y adaptación, respondieron al instrumento 1.352 estudiantes universitarios, y parte de la muestra también respondió a escalas de resiliencia, salud general, depresión y ansiedad. Los resultados indicaron estructura unidimensional y confiabilidad satisfactoria. El modelo de FP de los hombres fue superior al de las mujeres y tiende a aumentar con la edad. Hubo correlación positiva con la resiliencia y salud general, y negativa con la depresión y ansiedad. Las propiedades psicométricas fueron satisfactorias, pero aún deben ser evaluadas en muestras diversificadas. El instrumento parece adecuado tanto para el estudio sobre cambios de comportamiento, como para el estudio sobre mecanismos de cambios terapéuticos...

Psychological flexibility and anxiety and depression in postoperative thyroid carcinoma patients / 中华行为医学与脑科学杂志

Objective To explore the relationship among psychological flexibility,anxiety and depression in postoperative thyroid carcinoma patients.Methods A total of 184 postoperative thyroid carcinoma patients selected randomly were measured with Acceptance and Action Questionnaire-Second Edition (AAQ-Ⅱ),Cognitive Fusion Questionnaire (CFQ),Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS),Self-rating depression scale (SDS),and the Meaning in Life Questionnaire-the presence of meaning(MLQ-P).Variance analysis,pearson correlation analysis and stepwise multiple regression analysis were conducted in 157 questionnaires which were effective.Results The scores of AAQ-Ⅱ,CFQ,SAS,SDS,MLQ-P were(17.62±7.63),(27.37± 11.00),(32.38±6.99),(34.73±7.87),(28.55±5.09) respectively.The MLQ-P scores were negatively correlated with other scales(r=-0.278 ～-0.427,P＜0.01).The correlations among AAQ-Ⅱ,CFQ,SAS,SDS were positive(r=0.359～0.784,P＜0.01).The SAS scores and SDS scores in postoperative thyroid carcinoma patients were higher than that in norm group(z=72.28,P＜0.01;z=2.25,P＜0.05).When stepwise multiple regression analysis was conducted on SAS and SDS scores,AAQ-Ⅱ,MLQ-P,CFQ could explain 24.2％ variance in anxiety,and AAQ-Ⅱ,MLQ-P could explain 24.4％ variance in depression.Conclusion The level of anxiety and depression in postoperative thyroid carcinoma patients is much higher than that in norm.The higher the psychological flexibility,the lower the depression level.Psychological flexibility has significant explanatory power on anxiety and depression.

Analysis on the relationship between psychological flexibility and the state of anxiety and depression of cancer patients / 中华行为医学与脑科学杂志

Objective To explore the psychological flexibility,state of anxiety and depression of cancer patients and the relationship among them.Methods 168 cancer patients were chosen with handy sampling and the Acceptance and Action Questionnaire-Second Edition (AAQ-Ⅱ),Cognitive Fusion Questionnaire (CFQ),The Self-Rating Depression Scale(SDS),The Self-Rating Anxiety Scale(SAS) and the Meaning in Life Questionnaire (MLQ) were applied to all patients.144 effective questionnaire copies were selected and the data were processed with one-way analysis of variance,Pearson correlation analysis and stepwise multiple regression.Results The scores of anxiety and depression were significantly higher in cancer patients than the norm (t=236.58,P＜0.01;t =11.76,P＜0.01).MLQ had a significant negative correlation with AAQ-Ⅱ,CFQ,SAS,SDS(r=-0.188--0.468,P＜0.05) while AAQ-Ⅱ,CFQ,SAS and SDS showed significant positive correlation(r=0.322-0.790,P＜0.01);but the scores of different cancer types didn't show significant variation.The stepwise multiple regression showed that AAQ-Ⅱ and MLQ-P can explain 39％ variation of anxiety and 29％ of depression.Conclusion The level of anxiety and depression of cancer patients are significantly higher than normal people,the psychological flexibility have negative correlation with the state of anxiety and depression and powerful explanatory to them.