ABSTRACT
The coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19) is raging in China and more than 20 other countries and regions since the middle of December 2019. Currently, there is no specific drug or vaccine besides symptomatic supportive therapy. Taking full advantage of the clinical experience of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) in preventing and controlling major epidemics such as SARS, it is an important mission for TCM to propose effective formula with immediate response and solid evidence by using modern biomedical knowledge and techniques(molecular docking assisted TCM formulation for short). In view of the high homology between the gene sequences of the novel coronavirus and SARS virus, and the similarities between the two in terms of pathogenic mechanism and clinical manifestations, our team established a rapid screening and optimization model for the prevention and treatment of the novel coronavirus based on clinical experience and molecular docking technology. Firstly, the clinical team and the research team pre-developed and screened TCM formula by using "back-to-back" manner. Then, the formula was optimized and determined by comparing and analyzing the results of the two groups. The results showed that the research team screened out 46 active ingredients from candidate TCMs that could act on the novel coronavirus S-protein-binding site of human ACE2 protein, which were mainly attributed to 7 herbs such as Lonicerae Japonicae Flos and Mori Folium. The result was largely consistent with the formula raised by the clinical group, verifying and supporting its rationality. This provides evidence for the scientific and potential efficacy of the TCM prescription from the perspective of treatment target analysis, and also suggests that the TCM prescription has the potential to directly inhibit viral infection in addition to improving clinical symptoms or syndromes. Based on this, our team optimized and formed a new anti-coronavirus TCM prescription "Keguan Yihao", immediately providing the TCM prescription with certain clinical experience and objective evidence support for the prevention and treatment of new emergent infectious diseases in our hospital. The TCM prescription was combined with modern medicine symptomatic supportive treatment for clinical treatment, preliminary results showed better effect than symptomatic supportive therapy alone. This research has innovated the method mode in clinical practice and basic research integration of traditional Chinese medicine for the prevention and control of new emerging infectious diseases. It is of great significance to further improve the rapid response mechanism of TCM in face of major epidemics, and further improve the capability level of TCM to prevent and treat new emerging infectious diseases.
Subject(s)
Humans , Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 , Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors/pharmacology , Betacoronavirus , COVID-19 , China , Coronavirus Infections/drug therapy , Drugs, Chinese Herbal/pharmacology , Medicine, Chinese Traditional , Molecular Docking Simulation , Pandemics , Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A/chemistry , Pneumonia, Viral/drug therapy , SARS-CoV-2 , Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/chemistry , COVID-19 Drug TreatmentABSTRACT
Taking the Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University as an example,the paper gives detailed examples in clinical and scientific research fields to indicate that the effective utilization of medical data through function reconstruction of the Electronic Medical Records (EMR) system not only brings conveniences to clinical and scientific researchers,but also strengthens medical protection for patients.
ABSTRACT
Open innovation experiment is a new measure to enhance the research interest and abil-ity of undergraduates in recent years. Depending on the open experiment, teaching experiment reform and research projects,the Function Experiment Center of Jilin University makes teaching and research fuse into an integration by the means of all-round opening experiment platform, establishing project library of inno-vative experiments and network management system, and open innovative experiment teaching measure, which contains the participation of excellent teachers and experimental technology teachers. Based on this mutual promoting relationship between teaching and research, a new model of teaching and research inte-gration has been formed.
ABSTRACT
This study was aimed to discuss possible problems in the data collection process of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) clinical medicine and to propose appropriate solutions. Based on analysis of clinical data features and data collection demands among 20 TCM clinical research bases, reference were made on key technologies of the Electronic Medical Records' integration and sharing, to propose the solution of TCM clinical data collection. The re-sults showed that proposing the metadata and data entities synchronized intersecting strategy, analyzing key points on this strategy, and proposing appropriate solutions, found the technical processes of the TCM clinical data collec-tion. It was concluded that the analysis and solution on key points of TCM clinical data collection provided the basis and the reference to data collection issues of TCM clinical research base.
ABSTRACT
Se realizó un trabajo de revisión para expresar las principales realidades acerca de la fusión docente, asistencial e investigativa en la Atención Primaria de Salud, relacionar los principales factores que influyen en este proceso y proponer algunas medidas que pudieran contribuir a mejorarlo. Se revisaron documentos oficiales de la Dirección de Ciencia y Técnica del Ministerio de Salud Pública, los principales planteamientos de un grupo de expertos formado para la discusión del tema por la dirección del Ministerio y materiales bibliográficos recientes. Existen un grupo de dificultades que impiden que se logre una investigación a la altura de la calidad del proceso docente que se lleva a cabo. Es necesaria la preparación de los directivos de forma integral, una estructura adecuada, organización de los procesos, análisis de salud y diagnósticos situacionales adecuados, motivación, estimulación, estabilidad del personal, preparación metodológica y recursos, entre otras necesidades imprescindibles. La inclusión de los tres procesos en un único sistema de trabajo a los cuales se le da la misma prioridad para llegar al mismo fin, es la clave del éxito. La docencia y la asistencia médica tienen un desarrollo mayor en la atención primaria de salud que la investigación. Esta última se ha ido desarrollando en todos los niveles del sistema, pero la integración docente, asistencial e investigativa es hoy un principio que se da en un grado cualitativamente inferior al que debía, de acuerdo a las potencialidades de los recursos humanos con los que cuenta el sistema de atención primaria
A review paper was carried out to express the main realities on the teaching, healthcare and research fusion in Primary Health Care, to relate the main factors influencing in this process and to propose some measures that may to contribute to its improvement. Authors made a review of the official documents from the Science and Technique Management of Public Health Ministry, the main proposals of a trained group of experts to discuss this subject by the management of above mentioned Ministry as well as a recent bibliographic material. There are some difficulties avoiding the achievement of a research on a par with the quality of the ongoing teaching process. It is necessary the integral training of the managers, a appropriate structure, processes organization, health analysis and adequate locating diagnosis, motivation, stimulation, staff stability, methodological training and resources among other indispensable needs. Inclusion of the three processes in a only-work system with a maximal priority to achieve the same objective, is the success key. Teaching and medical attention have a great development in primary health care than research. This latter is ongoing at all system levels but the teaching; healthcare and research integration is nowadays a principle with a qualitative degree lower than the necessary, according to potentials of human resources available for the primary care system
Subject(s)
Humans , Primary Health Care/methods , Teaching Care Integration Services/standards , Professional Competence/standards , Teaching/methodsABSTRACT
Solutions to the biodiversity crisis will ultimately come from biological scientists and social scientists working in tandem, yet disconnects among scientific disciplines, conservation institutions, and practical implementation hinder effective conservation. The vision of Applied Biodiversity Science (ABS) is to achieve integration between biodiversity research and on-the-ground conservation practices. Three pillars support ABS: 1) integrated social and biological research; 2) cross-disciplinary collaboration with local conservation institutions and actors; and 3) application of conservation theory to practice. Our ABS program, including a doctoral training program, is focused on two cross-cutting themes: Ecological Functions and Biodiversity; and Communities and Governance. The research integration matrix matches causes of biodiversity loss against research approaches, and is thus a useful tool for defining integrative questions and building interdisciplinary research teams. Case studies from Western Amazon and Gran Chaco illustrate how the ABS model has been implemented in the Americas. The intention is that ABS approaches will produce conservation scientists who communicate effectively across disciplines, and make their research relevant to ongoing programs. The ABS approach helps elucidate how and why ecosystem functions, biodiversity, human communities and governance systems are interconnected.
Las soluciones para la crisis de biodiversidad serán generadas finalmente a partir del trabajo conjunto de científicos naturales y sociales. Pero la desconexión entre disciplinas, instituciones conservacionistas y la implementación de conocimientos impiden la conservación efectiva. La visión de la Ciencia de Biodiversidad Aplicada (CBA) es lograr la integración entre investigación sobre biodiversidad y la práctica de la conservación. Tres pilares sustentan esta propuesta: 1) investigación biológica y social integrada; 2) colaboración entre disciplinas con instituciones y actores locales que trabajan en conservación; y 3) implementación práctica de teorías sobre conservación. Nuestro programa CBA incluye un programa para estudiantes de doctorado y está enfocado en dos temas de investigación: funciones ecológicas y biodiversidad, y comunidades y gobernabilidad. La matriz integrada de investigación relaciona las causas de la pérdida de biodiversidad con los enfoques de la investigación, siendo una herramienta útil para definir hipótesis integradas y formar equipos interdisciplinarios de investigación. Estudios de casos de Amazonia y el Gran Chaco demuestran cómo implementamos el modelo de CBA en Suramérica. La intención es que el enfoque CBA produzca científicos de la conservación que se comuniquen efectivamente entre disciplinas y sus estudios sean relevantes para los programas en ejecución. El enfoque planteado ayudaría a iluminar cómo y porqué las funciones de los ecosistemas, la biodiversidad, las comunidades humanas y los sistemas de gobernabilidad están interconectadas.
As soluções para a crise de biodiversidade serão geradas finalmente apartir do trabalho conjunto de cientistas naturais e sociais. Mas a desconexão entre disciplinas, instituições conservacionistas e a implementação de conhecimentos impedem a conservação efetiva. A visão da Ciência de Biodiversidade Aplicada (CBA) é conseguir a integração entre investigação sobre biodiversidade e a prática da conservação. Três pilares sustentam esta proposta: 1) investigação biológica e social integrada; 2) colaboração entre disciplinas com instituições e atores locais que trabalham em conservação; e 3) implementação prática de teorias sobre conservação. Nosso programa CBA inclui um programa para estudantes de doutorado e está focado em dois temas de investigação: funções ecológicas e biodiversidade, e comunidades e governabilidade. A matriz integrada de investigação relaciona as causas da perda de biodiversidade com as abordagens da investigação, sendo uma ferramenta útil para definir hipóteses integradas e formar equipes interdisciplinárias de investigação. Estudos de casos da Amazônia e o Gran Chaco demonstram como implementamos o modelo de CBA na América do sul. A intenção é de que a abordagem CBA gere cientistas da conservação que se comuniquem efetivamente entre disciplinas e seus estudos sejam relevantes para os programas em execução. A abordagem sugerida ajudaria a iluminar como e porquê as funções dos ecossistemas, a biodiversidade, as comunidades humanas e os sistemas de governabilidade estão interconectadas.
ABSTRACT
El profesor de mérito Fidel Ilizástigui Dupuy (1924-2005), fundador de la Sociedad Cubana de Educadores en Ciencias de la Salud, considerado la figura máxima de la educación médica en nuestro país en la etapa de la Revolución y acaso de todos los tiempos, nos legó en su pensamiento y en su obra, un rico acerbo cultural cristalizado en la teoría y la práctica inherente a la formación de los profesionales de la salud de los últimos 40 años, cimentada en nuestros planes y programas de estudios, métodos didácticos y educativos, así como en las estrategias de desarrollo de la salud pública y la educación en ciencias de la salud cubana. Incide en los principales problemas que plantea contemporáneamente la educación médica, en particular como enrumbar la formación del médico en el siglo XXI. La concepción de la educación en el trabajo como método y forma predominante de enseñanza-aprendizaje, con carácter científico y académico, representa el núcleo central de su teoría pedagógica, la interacción de los educandos con el objeto de estudio en los escenarios reales donde transcurre la atención de salud como vía para desarrollar los modos profesionales de actuación y asimilar significativamente los conocimientos teóricos correspondientes. Alerta acerca de la tendencia a subvalorar la esfera de la práctica frente a los componentes académico e investigativo, que integrados deben quedarles supeditados en el proceso de formación.
Worthy professor Fidel Ilizástigui Dupuy (1924-2005), founder of Cuban Society of Professors in Health Sciences, highly-regarded as the maximal figure of medical education in our country during revolutionary period, and also of all times, gave us in his thinking and in its work, a valuable cultural legacy reflected in the theory and the practice inherent to training of health professionals in the past 40 years, based in our study plans and programs, didactic and education methods, as well as in strategies of public health development, and the education in Cuban health sciences. Focus on the main problems proposed in a contemporary way, the medical education, particularly, how direct the physician training in XXI century. The concept of education in the work as a method and predominant method of teaching-learning, with a scientific and academic character, represent the core of its educational theory, the interaction of students as the study object in real situations where the health care is the way to develop professional modes of performance, and to assimilate in essence the corresponding theoretical knowledges. To alert on the trend to undervalue the practice sphere versus academic and research components, which in combination must rest subordinated in training process.