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Objective To investigate the clinical effect of ropivacaine hydrochloride at 0.25%, 0.375% and 0.5% concentration for lower limb nerve block anesthesia.Methods75 cases of lower extremity nerve block anesthesia from Ningbo Zhenhai District Hospital of traditional Chinese Medicine from September 2014 to February 2015 were enrolled in the course of the study, they were divided into three groups: group 0.25%, the equivalent number of 0.375% and 0.5% groups, and three groups of patients were made with a concentration of 0.25%, 0.375%, 0.5% ropivacaine hydrochloride for lower extremity nerve block anesthesia;the clinical data of three groups were analyzed retrospectively, observation of three groups of patients with lower limb nerve block effect.ResultsThe results showed that 0.25% groups of patients in the motor block time was (36.8±5.9) minutes, motor block in patients with a total of 7 cases, with nerve block in patients with a total of 11 cases.0.375% groups of patients in the motor block time was (23.1±4.3) minutes, motor block in patients with a total of 14 cases, with nerve block in patients with a total of 18 cases.0.5% groups of patients in the motor block time was (20.6±5.7) minutes, motor block in patients with a total of 16 cases, with nerve block in patients with a total of 18 cases.Available block time of 0.375% groups of more than 0.5% groups, less than 0.25% groups;0.375% motor block group was 56.0%, higher than the 0.25% group, lower than the 0.5% group;the 0.375% group and 0.5% group of nerve block ratio is same, higher than the 0.25% group, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05).ConclusionThe effect of anesthesia using concentration of 0.375% ropivacaine hydrochloride is relatively good, can reduce the dosage of anesthetic drugs, but also ensure the anesthetic effect, meet the clinical requirement, this method will be applied to.
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Objective:To optimize the formula of ropivacaine hydrochloride transdermal gel. Methods:The steady transdermal rate and cumulative transdermal percentage in 24 h of ropivacaine hydrochloride gel were used as the indices, an orthogonal design was applied to select the optimal formula, and Design Expert 8. 0. 5. 0 software was used to analyze the results. Results: The optimal formula con-tained 2% carbomer, 10% propylene-glycol and 5% Azone. The steady transdermal rate of the optimal formula was 0. 6951 mg·h-1 · cm-2 . The cumulative transdermal percentage in 24 h of the optimal formula was 91. 04%, which was 22. 79% higher than that of ropiva-caine hydrochloride solution with the same concentration. Design Expert 8. 0. 5. 0 software could predict the steady transdermal rate and cumulative transdermal percentage in 24 h of the optimal formula. Conclusion: The preparation design is reasonable, and the gel has promising properties, which is suitable for skin local application.
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Objective To observe the effect of scalp nerve block ( SNB ) with ropivacaine hydrochloride at different time points on pain management after craniotomy. Methods Ninety patients undergoing craniotomy were randomly divided into 3 groups:group A, SNB conducted before surgery;group B, SNB conducted after surgery;group C, SNB conducted both before and after surgery, with 0. 5% of ropivacaine hydrochloride in each group. All patients received the same general anesthesia and diclofenac sodium were administered rectally as rescue analgesics. Sites and duration of surgeries, end-tidal sevoflurane concentration during incision, HR and SBP levels during the course of surgery and postoperative period, the VAS scores, GCS and Ramsay scores at 0. 5, 2, 4, 6, 12, 24, 48 h postoperatively, time of the first rescue appication analgesics and total consumption of rescue analgesics, the adverse effects, awareness under anesthesia were analyzed respectively, as well as local anesthesia relevant adverse events and time of wound healing. Results The end-tidal sevoflurane concentration was significantly decreased in group B (3. 19±0. 36)% as compared with group A (1. 81±0. 24)% and C (1. 77±0. 33)% (P0. 05);Compared with group A (600 mg), the consumption of rescue analgesics of group B (300 mg) and C (250 mg) were statistically lower (P0. 05);The relevant side effects were not different statistically, and there were no patients suffering from obvious awareness under anesthesia, pruritus, respiratory depression or local anesthesia relevant adverse effects. Conclusion SNB conducted before surgery can decrease the consumption of sevoflurane during incision, but has limited analgesic effects postoperatively. SNB conducted after surgery may provide transitional analgesia for neurosurgical patients undergoing craniotomy, while SNB conducted both before and after surgery does not show significantly longer analgesic time in postoperative pain management.
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Objective:To establish a determination method for the content and entrapment efficiency of ropivacaine hydrochloride-loaded multivesicular liposomes. Methods: The separation of the multivesicular liposomes from the free drug was achieved by low-speed centrifugation. The concentration of ropivacaine hydrochloride in the supernatant and the multivesicular liposomes was determined by HPLC, and the entrapment efficiency was calculated. Results: The linear range of ropivacaine hydrochloride was 1. 0-80. 0μg· ml-1(r=0. 999 8). The average recovery was 99. 95% and RSD was 0. 72%(n=9). The content and entrapment efficiency of three batches of ropivacaine hydrochloride-loaded multivesicular liposomes was within the range of 99. 1%-100. 3% and 80. 06%-82. 14%, respectively. Conclusion:The method is simple and accurate, and can be used in the determination of content and entrapment efficien-cy of ropivacaine hydrochloride-loaded multivesicular liposomes.
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ObjectiveTo compare the effect and safety of ropivacaine mesylate with ropivacaine hydrochloride in epidural anesthesia of patients make hypogastric region and lower extremity operation.Methods126 patients with epidural anesthesia were divided into two groups,each group 63 cases.The observation group was administered with ropivacaine masylate,and the control group was administered with ropivacaine hydrochloride.The sense of pain block plane and effective-acting period and effect time,sports block rating and effect-acting period and duration,vital signs,adverse events and serious adverse events were observed.ResultsThere were no significant differences between the two groups on sense of pain block plane and effective-acting period and effect time,sports block rating and effect-acting period and duration,Bp,HR,SpO2,chang of ECG,bleeding in operation( t =13.23,10.52,10.64,12.21,13.23,10.52,10.64,12.21,6.11,5.34,5.23,6.05,all P ＞ 0.05 ).ConclusionThe results of ropivacaine mesylate used for anesthesia epidural was satisfied and had no obvious side effects as well as ropivacaine hydrochloride.
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PURPOSE: A study was designed to assess the effect of intraperitoneal instillation of ropivacaine in larparoscopic cholecystectomy patients using computerized patient controlled anesthesia (PCA). METHODS: From January 2009 to June 2009, 40 patients with uncomplicated, symptomatic cholecystitis with cholelithiasis who were referred to Chung-Ang University Medical Center for laparoscopic cholecystectomy were included in the study. Patients in group C (control group) received normal saline 100 ml and those in group I (instillation group) received intraperitoneal instillation of 2 mg/kg of ropivacaine diluted in 100 ml saline at the initiation of pneumoperitoneum. Patients were assessed for pain by blinded investigators at 6 time intervals after surgery; 2 hr, 4 hr, 8 hr, 12 hr, 24 hr, and 48 hr. The frequency at which patients pushed the button of the PCA on bolus requirement (FPB) was assessed by a patient-controlled module on the PCA machine. RESULTS: The mean total fentanyl consumption was lower in group I (367.39+/-85.88) than in group C (535+/-100.29) during the 48 hours (P<0.001). Fentanyl velocity and FPB showed significant difference between the groups (P<0.005). Visual analogue scale (VAS) measured pain scores were significantly lower in group I than in group C at 4 hr (P=0.027), 8 hr (P=0.010), 12 hr (P=0.011). CONCLUSION: Intraperitoneal instillation of ropivacaine at the beginning of laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) combined with normal saline infusion is an effective method for reducing pain after LC.
Subject(s)
Humans , Academic Medical Centers , Amides , Anesthesia , Cholecystectomy , Cholecystectomy, Laparoscopic , Cholecystitis , Cholelithiasis , Fentanyl , Pain, Postoperative , Passive Cutaneous Anaphylaxis , Pneumoperitoneum , Research PersonnelABSTRACT
Aim: To prepare ropivacaine hydrochloride multivesicular liposomes, and to study the physicochemical properties and drug release behavior in vitro. Methods: Ropivacaine hydrochloride multivesicular liposomes were prepared by the multiple emulsion method. Single factor experiments were utilized to study the factors which affect the encapsulation efficiency of multivesicular liposomes. The formulation and pharmaceutical process were optimized by Box-Behnken experimental design, with the factors of encapsulation efficiency as the criteria. Three batches of the optimized multivesicular liposomes were prepared, and the encapsulation efficiency and in vitro release behavior were studied. Results: The particle size of the optimized multivesicular liposomes was uniform and 85% of them were well distributed in the range of 7-30 μm. The encapsulation efficiency was up to 90% when the ratios of lipid to drug, phospholipids to cholesterol and the amount of triolein was 1. 328:1(w/w) ,1.5: 1(w/ w) and 6 mmol/L, respectively. The release profile in vitro fitted to a first-order kinetics with the period of release up to 48 h in PBS buffer under 37 ℃. Conclusion: Ropivacaine hydrochloride multivesicular liposomes showed high encapsulation efficiency and significant sustained-release feature.